ASTM D6956-17
(Guide)Standard Guide for Demonstrating and Assessing Whether a Chemical Analytical Measurement System Provides Analytical Results Consistent with Their Intended Use
Standard Guide for Demonstrating and Assessing Whether a Chemical Analytical Measurement System Provides Analytical Results Consistent with Their Intended Use
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide is intended for use by both generators and users of analytical results. It is intended to promote consistent demonstration and documentation of the quality of the measurement results and facilitate determination of the validity of measurements for their intended use.
4.2 This guide specifies documentation that a laboratory should supply with the analytical results to establish that the resulting measurements: (1) meet measurement quality requirements; (2) are suitable for their intended use; and (3) are technically defensible.
4.3 While the guide describes information that the measurement results provider needs to give the user/decision maker, in order for measurement providers to supply data users with appropriate data, information is needed from the data user. Examples of information that the user should provide to the laboratory, in addition to the analytes of concern (including the form of the analyte that is to be determined, for example, total lead, dissolved lead, organic lead, inorganic lead), include but are not limited to:
4.3.1 Type of material (that is, matrix—fresh or salt water, coal fly ash, sandy loam soil, wastewater treatment sludge),
4.3.2 Maximum sample holding time,
4.3.3 Projected sampling date and delivery date to the laboratory,
4.3.4 Method of chemical preservation (for example, not preserved, chemical used),
4.3.5 Chain-of-custody requirements, if any,
4.3.6 Analytical methods that must be used, if any,
4.3.7 Measurement quality requirements expressed as DQOs or MQOs and action limits,
4.3.8 Allowable interferences as described in 10.4,
4.3.9 Documentation requirement, and
4.3.10 Subcontracting restrictions/requirements.
4.4 Users/decision makers should consult with the laboratory about these issues during the analytical design stage. This will allow the design of sample collection process and project schedule to accommodate the laboratory activities necessary to determine the desired le...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide describes an approach for demonstrating the quality of analytical chemical measurement results from the application of a measurement system (that is, method or sequence of methods) to the analysis of environmental samples of soil, water, air, or waste. The purpose of such measurements can include demonstrating compliance with a regulatory limit, determining whether a site is contaminated above some specified level, or determining treatment process efficacy.
1.2 This guide describes a procedure that can be used to assess a measurement system used to generate analytical results for a specific purpose. Users and reviewers of the analytical results can determine, with a known level of confidence, if they meet the quality requirements and are suitable for the intended use.
1.3 This protocol does not address the general components of laboratory quality systems necessary to ensure the overall quality of laboratory operations. For such systems, the user is referred to International Standards Organization (ISO) Standard 17025 or the National Environmental Laboratory Accreditation Conference (NELAC) laboratory accreditation standards.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D6956 − 17
Standard Guide for
Demonstrating and Assessing Whether a Chemical
Analytical Measurement System Provides Analytical Results
1
Consistent with Their Intended Use
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6956; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.1 This guide describes an approach for demonstrating the
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
quality of analytical chemical measurement results from the
application of a measurement system (that is, method or
2. Referenced Documents
sequenceofmethods)totheanalysisofenvironmentalsamples
2
ofsoil,water,air,orwaste.Thepurposeofsuchmeasurements 2.1 ASTM Standards:
D4687Guide for General Planning of Waste Sampling
can include demonstrating compliance with a regulatory limit,
determining whether a site is contaminated above some speci- D5283Practice for Generation of Environmental Data Re-
lated to Waste ManagementActivities: QualityAssurance
fied level, or determining treatment process efficacy.
and Quality Control Planning and Implementation
1.2 This guide describes a procedure that can be used to
D5681Terminology for Waste and Waste Management
assess a measurement system used to generate analytical
D5792Practice for Generation of Environmental Data Re-
results for a specific purpose. Users and reviewers of the
lated to Waste Management Activities: Development of
analytical results can determine, with a known level of
Data Quality Objectives
confidence, if they meet the quality requirements and are
D5956Guide for Sampling Strategies for Heterogeneous
suitable for the intended use.
Wastes
1.3 This protocol does not address the general components
D6044Guide for Representative Sampling for Management
of laboratory quality systems necessary to ensure the overall
of Waste and Contaminated Media
quality of laboratory operations. For such systems, the user is
D6233Guide for DataAssessment for EnvironmentalWaste
3
referred to International Standards Organization (ISO) Stan-
Management Activities (Withdrawn 2016)
dard17025ortheNationalEnvironmentalLaboratoryAccredi-
D6250Practice for Derivation of Decision Point and Confi-
tation Conference (NELAC) laboratory accreditation stan-
dence Limit for Statistical Testing of Mean Concentration
dards.
in Waste Management Decisions
D6311Guide for Generation of Environmental Data Related
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
toWaste ManagementActivities: Selection and Optimiza-
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
tion of Sampling Design
standard.
D6582GuideforRankedSetSampling:EfficientEstimation
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
of a Mean Concentration in Environmental Sampling
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3
(Withdrawn 2012)
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
D6597Practice forAssessment ofAttaining Clean Up Level
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
3
for Site Closure (Withdrawn 2016)
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2.2 Other Documents:
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
Guidelines for Evaluating and Expressing the Uncertainty of
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
NIST Measurement Results, National Institute of Standard
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
1 2
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on Waste For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Management and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.01.01 on contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Planning for Sampling. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2017. Published October 2017. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D6956–11. DOI: The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
10.1520/D6956-17. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6956 − 17
4
Technology Technical Note 1297, 1994 4.3.1 Type of material (that is, m
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6956 − 11 D6956 − 17
Standard Guide for
Demonstrating and Assessing Whether a Chemical
Analytical Measurement System Provides Analytical Results
1
Consistent with Their Intended Use
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6956; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide describes an approach for demonstrating the quality of analytical chemical measurement results from the
application of a measurement system (that is, method or sequence of methods) to the analysis of environmental samples of soil,
water, air, or waste. The purpose of such measurements can include demonstrating compliance with a regulatory limit, determining
whether a site is contaminated above some specified level, or determining treatment process efficacy.
1.2 This guide describes a procedure that can be used to assess a measurement system used to generate analytical results for
a specific purpose. Users and reviewers of the analytical results can determine, with a known level of confidence, if they meet the
quality requirements and are suitable for the intended use.
1.3 This protocol does not address the general components of laboratory quality systems necessary to ensure the overall quality
of laboratory operations. For such systems, the user is referred to International Standards Organization (ISO) Standard 17025 or
the National Environmental Laboratory Accreditation Conference (NELAC) laboratory accreditation standards.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory requirementslimitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D4687 Guide for General Planning of Waste Sampling
D5283 Practice for Generation of Environmental Data Related to Waste Management Activities: Quality Assurance and Quality
Control Planning and Implementation
D5681 Terminology for Waste and Waste Management
D5792 Practice for Generation of Environmental Data Related to Waste Management Activities: Development of Data Quality
Objectives
D5956 Guide for Sampling Strategies for Heterogeneous Wastes
D6044 Guide for Representative Sampling for Management of Waste and Contaminated Media
3
D6233 Guide for Data Assessment for Environmental Waste Management Activities (Withdrawn 2016)
D6250 Practice for Derivation of Decision Point and Confidence Limit for Statistical Testing of Mean Concentration in Waste
Management Decisions
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on Waste Management and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.01.01 on Planning for
Sampling.
Current edition approved July 1, 2011Sept. 1, 2017. Published August 2011October 2017. Originally approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 20032011 as
D6956 – 03.D6956 – 11. DOI: 10.1520/D6956-11.10.1520/D6956-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6956 − 17
D6311 Guide for Generation of Environmental Data Related to Waste Management Activities: Selection and Optimization of
Sampling Design
D6582 Guide for Ranked Set Sampling: Efficient Estimation of a Mean Concentration in Environmental Sampling (Withdrawn
3
2012)
3
D6597 Practice for Assessment of Attaining Clean Up Level for
...
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