ASTM E2554-18e1
(Practice)Standard Practice for Estimating and Monitoring the Uncertainty of Test Results of a Test Method Using Control Chart Techniques
Standard Practice for Estimating and Monitoring the Uncertainty of Test Results of a Test Method Using Control Chart Techniques
ABSTRACT
This practice describes techniques for a laboratory to estimate the uncertainty of a test result using data from test results on a control sample. This practice provides one method for a laboratory to estimate Measurement Uncertainty in accordance with Section A22.3 in Form and Style for ASTM Standards. This practice describes the use of control charts to evaluate the data obtained and presents a special type of control chart to monitor the estimate of uncertainty.
This practice provides one way for a laboratory to develop data-based Type A estimates of uncertainty as referred to in Section A22 in Form and Style for ASTM Standards.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice provides one way for a laboratory to develop data-based Type A estimates of uncertainty as referred to in Section A22 in Form and Style for ASTM Standards.
4.2 Laboratories accredited under ISO/IEC 17025 are required to present uncertainty estimates for their test results. This practice provides procedures that use test results to develop uncertainty estimates for an individual laboratory.
4.3 Generally, these test results will be from a single sample of stable and homogeneous material known as a control or check sample.
4.4 The true value of the characteristic(s) of the control sample being measured will ordinarily be unknown. However, this methodology may also be used if the control sample is a reference material, in which case the test method bias may also be estimated and incorporated into the uncertainty estimate. Many test methods do not have true reference materials available to provide traceable chains of uncertainty estimation.
4.5 This practice also allows for ongoing monitoring of the laboratory uncertainty. As estimates of the level of uncertainty change, possibly as contributions to uncertainty are identified and minimized, revision to the laboratory uncertainty will be possible.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes techniques for a laboratory to estimate the uncertainty of a test result using data from test results on a control sample. This practice provides one method for a laboratory to estimate Measurement Uncertainty in accordance with Section A22.3 in Form and Style for ASTM Standards.
1.2 Uncertainty as defined by this practice applies to the capabilities of a single laboratory. Any estimate of uncertainty determined through the use of this practice applies only to the individual laboratory for which the data are presented.
1.3 The laboratory uses a well defined and established test method in determining a series of test results. The uncertainty estimated using this practice only applies when the same test method is followed. The uncertainty only applies for the material types represented by the control samples, and multiple control samples may be needed, especially if the method has different precision for different sample types or response levels.
1.4 The uncertainty estimate determined by this practice represents the intermediate precision of test results. This estimate seeks to quantify the total variation expected within a single laboratory using a single established test method while incorporating as many known sources of variation as possible.
1.5 This practice does not establish error estimates (error budget) attributed to individual factors that could influence uncertainty.
1.6 This practice describes the use of control charts to evaluate the data obtained and presents a special type of control chart to monitor the estimate of uncertainty.
1.7 The system of units for this standard is not specified. Dimensional quantities in the standard are presented only as illustrations of calculation methods. The examples are not binding on products or test methods treated.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmenta...
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation: E2554 − 18 An American National Standard
Standard Practice for
Estimating and Monitoring the Uncertainty of Test Results
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of a Test Method Using Control Chart Techniques
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2554; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
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ε NOTE—Editorial corrections were made throughout in September 2019.
1. Scope 1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.1 This practice describes techniques for a laboratory to
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
estimate the uncertainty of a test result using data from test
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
results on a control sample. This practice provides one method
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
for a laboratory to estimate Measurement Uncertainty in
1.9 This international standard was developed in accor-
accordance with Section A22.3 in Form and Style for ASTM
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
Standards.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
1.2 Uncertainty as defined by this practice applies to the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
capabilities of a single laboratory.Any estimate of uncertainty
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
determined through the use of this practice applies only to the
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
individual laboratory for which the data are presented.
2. Referenced Documents
1.3 The laboratory uses a well defined and established test
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method in determining a series of test results. The uncertainty 2.1 ASTM Standards:
estimated using this practice only applies when the same test D5184 Test Methods for Determination of Aluminum and
method is followed. The uncertainty only applies for the Silicon in Fuel Oils by Ashing, Fusion, Inductively
materialtypesrepresentedbythecontrolsamples,andmultiple Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry, and
control samples may be needed, especially if the method has Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
differentprecisionfordifferentsampletypesorresponselevels. E92 Test Methods for Vickers Hardness and Knoop Hard-
ness of Metallic Materials
1.4 The uncertainty estimate determined by this practice
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
represents the intermediate precision of test results. This
ASTM Test Methods
estimate seeks to quantify the total variation expected within a
E384 Test Method for Microindentation Hardness of Mate-
single laboratory using a single established test method while
rials
incorporating as many known sources of variation as possible.
E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
1.5 This practice does not establish error estimates (error
E2282 Guide for Defining the Test Result of a Test Method
budget) attributed to individual factors that could influence
E2587 Practice for Use of Control Charts in Statistical
uncertainty.
Process Control
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1.6 This practice describes the use of control charts to 2.2 ASTM Publications:
Form and Style for ASTM Standards
evaluatethedataobtainedandpresentsaspecialtypeofcontrol
chart to monitor the estimate of uncertainty. Manual 7A Manual on Presentation of Data and Control
Chart Analysis: 7th Edition
1.7 The system of units for this standard is not specified.
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2.3 ISO Standard:
Dimensional quantities in the standard are presented only as
ISO/IEC 17025 General Requirements for the Competence
illustrations of calculation methods. The examples are not
of Testing and Calibration Laboratories
binding on products or test methods treated.
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For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
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This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E11 on Quality and contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Statistics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E11.50 on Metrology. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved April 1, 2018. Published April 2018. Originally the ASTM website.
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approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as E2554 – 13. DOI: Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
10.1520/E2554-18E01. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
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