ASTM D5687/D5687M-95(2007)
(Guide)Standard Guide for Preparation of Flat Composite Panels with Processing Guidelines for Specimen Preparation
Standard Guide for Preparation of Flat Composite Panels with Processing Guidelines for Specimen Preparation
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The techniques described in this guide, if properly used in conjunction with a knowledge of behavior of particular material systems, will aid in the proper preparation of consolidated laminates for mechanical property testing.
The techniques described are recommended to facilitate the consistent production of satisfactory test specimens by minimizing uncontrolled processing variance during specimen fabrication.
Steps 3 through 8 of the 8-step process may not be required for particular specimen or test types. If the specimen or test does not require a given step in the process of specimen fabrication, that particular step may be skipped.
A test specimen represents a simplification of the structural part. The test specimen’value lies in the ability of several sites to be able to test the specimen using standard techniques. Test data may not show identical properties to those obtained in a large structure, but a correlation can be made between test results and part performance. This may be due, in part, to the difficulty of creating a processing environment for test specimens that identically duplicates that of larger scale processes.
Tolerances are guidelines based on current lab practices. This guide does not attempt to give detailed instructions due to the variety of possible panels and specimens that could be made. The tolerances should be used as a starting reference from which refinements can be made.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides guidelines to facilitate the proper preparation of laminates and test specimens from fiber-reinforced organic matrix composite prepregs. The scope is limited to organic matrices and fiber reinforcement in unidirectional (tape) or orthagonal weave patterns. Other forms may require deviations from these general guidelines. Other processing techniques for test coupon preparation, for example, pultrusion, filament winding and resin-transfer molding, are not addressed.
1.2 Specimen preparation is modeled as an 8-step process that is presented in and Section . Laminate consolidation techniques are assumed to be by press or autoclave. This practice assumes that the materials are properly handled by the test facility to meet the requirements specified by the material supplier(s) or specification, or both. Identification and information gathering guidelines are modeled after Guide E 1309. Test specimens shall be directly traceable to material used as designated in Guide E 1434. Proper test specimen identification also includes designation of process equipment, process steps, and any irregularities identified during processing.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text the inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation: D5687/D5687M − 95(Reapproved 2007)
Standard Guide for
Preparation of Flat Composite Panels with Processing
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Guidelines for Specimen Preparation
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5687/D5687M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
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2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This guide provides guidelines to facilitate the proper
C297/C297MTest Method for Flatwise Tensile Strength of
preparation of laminates and test specimens from fiber-
Sandwich Constructions
reinforced organic matrix composite prepregs. The scope is
D123Terminology Relating to Textiles
limited to organic matrices and fiber reinforcement in unidi-
D792Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-
rectional(tape)ororthagonalweavepatterns.Otherformsmay
tive Density) of Plastics by Displacement
require deviations from these general guidelines. Other pro-
D883Terminology Relating to Plastics
cessing techniques for test coupon preparation, for example,
D2734TestMethodsforVoidContentofReinforcedPlastics
pultrusion, filament winding and resin-transfer molding, are
D3163Test Method for Determining Strength ofAdhesively
not addressed.
Bonded Rigid Plastic Lap-Shear Joints in Shear by Ten-
1.2 Specimen preparation is modeled as an 8-step process sion Loading
that is presented in Fig. 1 and Section 8. Laminate consolida-
D3171Test Methods for Constituent Content of Composite
tion techniques are assumed to be by press or autoclave. This Materials
practiceassumesthatthematerialsareproperlyhandledbythe D3531Test Method for Resin Flow of Carbon Fiber-Epoxy
test facility to meet the requirements specified by the material Prepreg
supplier(s) or specification, or both. Identification and infor- D3878Terminology for Composite Materials
D3990Terminology Relating to Fabric Defects
mation gathering guidelines are modeled after Guide E1309.
Test specimens shall be directly traceable to material used as D4850Terminology Relating to Fabrics and Fabric Test
Methods
designatedinGuideE1434.Propertestspecimenidentification
D5229/D5229MTestMethodforMoistureAbsorptionProp-
also includes designation of process equipment, process steps,
erties and Equilibrium Conditioning of Polymer Matrix
and any irregularities identified during processing.
Composite Materials
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
E1237Guide for Installing Bonded Resistance Strain Gages
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text the
E1309 Guide for Identification of Fiber-Reinforced
inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in
Polymer-Matrix Composite Materials in Databases
each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system
E1434Guide for Recording Mechanical Test Data of Fiber-
must be used independently of the other. Combining values
Reinforced Composite Materials in Databases
from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the
standard.
3. Terminology
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the 3.1 Definitions—Terminology D3878 defines terms relating
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
to high-modulus fibers and their composites. Terminology
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- D883 defines terms relating to plastics. Terminology D123
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- definestextilerelatedterms.TerminologyD4850definesterms
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. relating to fabric. In the event of a conflict between terms,
Terminology D3878 shall have precedence over the other
standards.
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This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D30 on Composite
Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D30.04 on Lamina and
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Laminate Test Methods. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved May 1, 2007. Published June 2007. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D5687/ Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
D5687M-95(2002). DOI: 10.1520/D5687_D5687M-95R07. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D5687/D5687M − 95 (2007)
3.2.8 doubler, n—anunbondedtabusedtoholdthelaminate
specimen in a grip or fixture. See tab.
3.2.9 fiber washing, n—the tendency of fibers to change
orientationduetoresinflowfromtheoriginallay-updirection
...
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