ASTM D5954-22a
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Mercury Sampling and Measurement in Gaseous Fuels by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
Standard Test Method for Mercury Sampling and Measurement in Gaseous Fuels by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method can be used to measure the level of mercury in any gaseous fuel (as defined by Terminology D4150) for purposes such as determining compliance with regulations, studying the effect of various abatement procedures on mercury emissions, checking the validity of direct instrumental measurements, and verifying that mercury concentrations are below those required for gaseous fuel processing and operations.
5.2 Adsorption of the mercury on gold-coated sorbent can remove interferences associated with the direct measurement of mercury in the presence of high concentrations of organic compounds. It preconcentrates the mercury before analysis, thereby offering measurement of ultra-low average concentrations in a gas stream over a long time span. It avoids the cumbersome use of liquid spargers with on-site sampling and eliminates contamination problems associated with the use of potassium permanganate solutions.5,6,7
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of total mercury in gaseous fuels at concentrations down to 0.5 ng/m3. It includes separate procedures for both sampling and atomic absorption spectrophotometric determination of mercury. This procedure detects both inorganic and organic forms of mercury.
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 Warning—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been demonstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury or mercury containing products, or both, into your state or country may be prohibited by law.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D5954 − 22a
Standard Test Method for
Mercury Sampling and Measurement in Gaseous Fuels by
1
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5954; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D4150 Terminology Relating to Gaseous Fuels
3
2.2 USEPA Document:
1.1 This test method covers the determination of total
3
Method 1631, Revision E Mercury in Water by Oxidation,
mercury in gaseous fuels at concentrations down to 0.5 ng ⁄m .
Purge and Trap, and Cold Vapor Atomic Fluorescence
It includes separate procedures for both sampling and atomic
Spectrometry. EPA-821-R-02-019. U.S. Environmental
absorption spectrophotometric determination of mercury. This
Protection Agency, Office of Water, August 2002
procedure detects both inorganic and organic forms of mercury.
4
2.3 Other Document:
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded
40 CFR Part 136 Appendix B Definition and Procedure for
as the standard.
the Determination of the Method Detection Limit, Revi-
1.3 Warning—Mercury has been designated by many regu-
sion 2, EPA Office of Water, EPA 821-R-16-006
latory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause serious
medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been demonstrated to 3. Terminology
be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of general terms used in
should be taken when handling mercury and mercury contain-
D03 Gaseous Fuels standards, refer to Terminology D4150.
ing products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
(SDS) for additional information. Users should be aware that
3.2.1 Detection Limit, n—a statistically derived value rep-
selling mercury or mercury containing products, or both, into
resenting the lowest quantity of analyte that can confidently be
your state or country may be prohibited by law.
distinguished from background signal.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.2.2 Limit of Quantification, n—the lowest value of analyte
safety concerns associated with its use. It is the responsibility
which can be quantitatively described and is represented by the
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety,
lowest point on the calibration curve.
health, and environmental practices and determine the appli-
cability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 3.2.3 sorbent, n—a solid material that captures the analyte
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor- (mercury) from a gaseous source for quantitative analysis and
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- is securely contained in sample tubes for sampling and
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the analysis.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3.3 Abbreviations:
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.3.1 AAS—atomic absorption spectroscopy
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.3.2 EDL—electrodeless discharge lamp
2. Referenced Documents
3.3.3 PFA—perfluoroalkoxy
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.3.4 TFE—tetrafluoroethylene
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 Mercury in a gas stream is adsorbed onto gold-coated
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D03 on Gaseous
Fuels and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D03.06.02 on Analysis of sorbent and subsequently directly desorbed by heat into a long
Minor Constituents by Gas Chromatography.
path-length, inert cell connected to an atomic absorption
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2022. Published November 2022. Originally
spectrophotometer. Mercury atoms are detected by measuring
approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved 2022 as D5954 – 22. DOI:
10.1520/D5954-22A.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
3
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Available from United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), 1200
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Pennsylvania Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20460, https://www.epa.gov.
4
the ASTM website. Available from https://www.ecfr.gov.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D5954 − 22a
measured volume cor
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This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5954 − 22 D5954 − 22a
Standard Test Method for
Mercury Sampling and Measurement in Gaseous Fuels by
1
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5954; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
3
1.1 This test method covers the determination of total mercury in gaseous fuels at concentrations down to 0.5 ng ⁄m . It includes
separate procedures for both sampling and atomic absorption spectrophotometric determination of mercury. This procedure detects
both inorganic and organic forms of mercury.
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 Warning—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause serious medical
issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been demonstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken
when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for additional
information. Users should be aware that selling mercury or mercury containing products, or both, into your state or country may
be prohibited by law.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the
user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D4150 Terminology Relating to Gaseous Fuels
3
2.2 USEPA Document:
Method 1631, Revision E Mercury in Water by Oxidation, Purge and Trap, and Cold Vapor Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry.
EPA-821-R-02-019. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, August 2002
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D03 on Gaseous Fuels and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D03.05 on Determination of
Special Constituents of Gaseous Fuels.
Current edition approved June 1, 2022Nov. 1, 2022. Published June 2022November 2022. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved 20142022 as
ε1
D5954 – 98D5954 – 22.(2014) . DOI: 10.1520/D5954-22.10.1520/D5954-22A.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20460, https://www.epa.gov.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5954 − 22a
4
2.3 Other Document:
40 CFR Part 136 Appendix B Definition and Procedure for the Determination of the Method Detection Limit, Revision 2, EPA
Office of Water, EPA 821-R-16-006
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of general terms used in D03 Gaseous Fuels standards, refer to Terminology D4150.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 Detection Limit, n—a statistically derived value representing the lowest quantity of analyte that can confidently be
distinguished from background signal.
3.2.2 Limit of Quantification, n—the lowest value of analyte which can be quantitatively described and is represented by the lowest
point on the calibration curve.
3.2.3 sorbent, n—a solid material that captures the analyte (mercury) from a gaseous source for quantitative analysis and is
securely contained in sample tubes for sampling and analysis.
3.3 Abbreviations:
3.3.1 AAS—atomic absorption spectroscopy
3.3.2 EDL—electrodeless discharge lamp
3.3.3 PFA—perfluoroalkoxy
3.3.4 TFE—tetrafluoroethylene
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 Mercury in a gas stream is adsorbed onto gold-coated sorbent and subsequently directly desorbed by heat into a l
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