ASTM D4150-19
(Terminology)Standard Terminology Relating to Gaseous Fuels
Standard Terminology Relating to Gaseous Fuels
SCOPE
1.1 This standard defines the terms used in standards that are the responsibility of Committee D03 on Gaseous Fuels. These terms are used in:
1.1.1 The sampling of gaseous fuels,
1.1.2 The analysis of gaseous fuels for composition and various other physical properties, and
1.1.3 Other practices related to the processing, transmission, and distribution of gaseous fuels.
1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation: D4150 − 19
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Gaseous Fuels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4150; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
5
1. Scope 2.4 GPA Standard:
GPA 2145Table of Physical Properties for Hydrocarbons
1.1 This standard defines the terms used in standards that
and Other Compounds of Interest to the Natural Gas and
are the responsibility of Committee D03 on Gaseous Fuels.
Natural Gas Liquids Industries
These terms are used in:
1.1.1 The sampling of gaseous fuels, 3. Terminology
1.1.2 The analysis of gaseous fuels for composition and
absolute pressure, n—pressure measured with reference to
various other physical properties, and
absolute zero pressure, usually expressed as kPa, mm Hg,
1.1.3 Otherpracticesrelatedtotheprocessing,transmission,
bar, or psia.
and distribution of gaseous fuels.
acid gas, n—natural gas containing high concentrations of
1.2 This international standard was developed in accor-
hydrogen sulfide or carbon dioxide, or both, which is acidic
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
when in contact with water or water vapor.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
associated gas, n—natural gas, also known as gas-cap gas or
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
dome gas, that overlies and is in immediate contact, but not
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
in solution, with crude oil in a reservoir.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
at-line instrument, n—instrument requiring operator interac-
2. Referenced Documents
tion to sample gas directly from the pipeline.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
base conditions, n—temperature and pressure conditions at
D1142Test Method for Water Vapor Content of Gaseous
which natural gas volumes are determined for purposes of
Fuels by Measurement of Dew-Point Temperature
custody transfer.
D3588Practice for Calculating Heat Value, Compressibility
DISCUSSION—In natural gas measurements, the properties of interest
Factor, and Relative Density of Gaseous Fuels
are temperature, pressure, and composition. Assuming ideal gas
3
properties,forsimplicity,tablesofpurecompoundscanbepreparedfor
2.2 ISO Standards:
use in calculating gas properties for any composition at “base condi-
ISO 7504Gas Analysis—Vocabulary
tions.” These “base conditions” are chosen near ambient.
ISO 14687Hydrogen Fuel Quality—Product Specification
4
British thermal unit (Btu or BTU), n—the amount of energy
2.3 SAE Standard:
required to raise the temperature of one pound of water
SAE J2719Hydrogen Fuel Quality for Fuel Cell Vehicles
onedegree Fahrenheit.
DISCUSSION—One Btu (International Table) is equal to 1055.056 J.
IT
The defining relationships are:
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D03 on
(a)1 Btu·lb−1=2.326 J·g − 1(exact)
Gaseous Fuels and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D03.92 on
Terminology Classification and Specifications.
(b)1 lb=453.59237 g (exact).
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2019. Published January 2020. Originally
By these relationships, 1 Btu = 1055.05585262 J (exact). For most
approved in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D4150–08(2016).
purposes, the value rounded to 1 Btu = 1055.056 J is adequate.
DOI: 10.1520/D4150-19.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
calibration gas mixture, n—a certified gas mixture with
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
known composition used for the calibration of a measuring
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
instrument or for the validation of a measurement or gas
the ASTM website.
3
Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), ISO
analytical method.
Central Secretariat, BIBC II, Chemin de Blandonnet 8, CP 401, 1214 Vernier,
Geneva, Switzerland, http://www.iso.org.
4
5
AvailablefromSAEInternational(SAE),400CommonwealthDr.,Warrendale, Available from Gas Processors Association (GPA), 66 American Plaza, Suite
PA 15096, http://www.sae.org. 700, Tulsa, OK 74135, http://www.gpaglobal.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D4150 − 19
DISCUSSION—CalibrationGasMixturesaretheanaloguesofmeasure-
gross heating value, n—also called higher heating value, the
ment standards in physical metrology (reference ISO 7504 paragraph
amount of energy per volume transferred as heat from the
4.1).
complete,
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D4150 − 08 (Reapproved 2016) D4150 − 19
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Gaseous Fuels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4150; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This standard defines the terms used in standards that are the responsiblityresponsibility of Committee D03 on Gaseous
Fuels. These terms are used in:
1.1.1 The sampling of gaseous fuels,
1.1.2 The analysis of gaseous fuels for composition and various other physical properties, and
1.1.3 Other practices related to the processing, transmission, and distribution of gaseous fuels.
1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1142 Test Method for Water Vapor Content of Gaseous Fuels by Measurement of Dew-Point Temperature
D3588 Practice for Calculating Heat Value, Compressibility Factor, and Relative Density of Gaseous Fuels
3
2.2 ISO Standard:Standards:
ISO NP 145327504 Natural Gas—TerminologyGas Analysis—Vocabulary
ISO 14687 Hydrogen Fuel Quality—Product Specification
4
2.3 SAE Standard:
SAE J2719 Hydrogen Fuel Quality for Fuel Cell Vehicles
5
2.4 GPA Standard:
GPA 2145 Table of Physical Properties for Hydrocarbons and Other Compounds of Interest to the Natural Gas and Natural Gas
Liquids Industries
3. Terminology
absolute pressure, n—pressure measured with reference to absolute zero pressure, usually expressed as kPa, mm Hg, bar, or psia.
acid gas—gas, n—natural gas containing high concentrations of hydrogen sulfide or carbon dioxide, or both, which is acidic when
in contact with water or water vapor.
associated gas—gas, n—natural gas, also known as gas-cap gas or dome gas, that overlies and is in immediate contact, but not
in solution, with crude oil in a reservoir.
at-line instrument—instrument, n—instrument requiring operator interaction to sample gas directly from the pipeline.
base conditions—conditions, n—temperature and pressure conditions at which natural gas volumes are determined for purposes
of custody transfer. In natural gas measurement the properties of interest are temperature, pressure, and composition. Assuming
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D03 on Gaseous Fuels and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D03.92 on Terminology
Classification and Specifications.
Current edition approved July 1, 2016Dec. 15, 2019. Published August 2016January 2020. Originally approved in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 20082016 as
D4150 – 08.D4150 – 08(2016). DOI: 10.1520/D4150-08R16.10.1520/D4150-19.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.International Organization for
Standardization (ISO), ISO Central Secretariat, BIBC II, Chemin de Blandonnet 8, CP 401, 1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland, http://www.iso.org.
4
Available from SAE International (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096, http://www.sae.org.
5
Available from Gas Processors Association (GPA), 66 American Plaza, Suite 700, Tulsa, OK 74135, http://www.gpaglobal.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4150 − 19
ideal gas properties, for simplicity, tables of pure compounds can be prepared for use in calculating gas properties for any
composition at “base conditions.” These “base conditions” are chosen near ambient.
DISCUSSION—
In natural gas measurements, the properties of interest are temperature, pressure, and composition. Assuming ideal gas properties, for simplicity, tables
of pure compounds can be prepared for use in calculating gas properties for any composition at “base conditions.” These “base conditions”
...
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