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ASTM C11-23

(Terminology)

Standard Terminology Relating to Gypsum and Related Building Materials and Systems

Standard Terminology Relating to Gypsum and Related Building Materials and Systems

SCOPE
1.1 This standard covers terminology relating to gypsum and related building materials and systems. The terms are generically defined. More specific and expanded definitions may appear in appropriate standards.  
1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Dec-2022
ICS
01.040.91 - Construction materials and building (Vocabularies)
91.100.10 - Cement. Gypsum. Lime. Mortar
Technical Committee
C11 - Gypsum and Related Building Materials and Systems
Drafting Committee
C11.91 - Terminology and Editorial
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Refers
ASTM C472-20 - Standard Test Methods for Physical Testing of Gypsum, Gypsum Plasters, and Gypsum Concrete
Effective Date
01-Apr-2020
Refers
ASTM C1007-20 - Standard Specification for Installation of Load Bearing (Transverse and Axial) Steel Studs and Related Accessories
Effective Date
01-May-2020
Refers
ASTM C28/C28M-10(2020) - Standard Specification for Gypsum Plasters
Effective Date
01-Jun-2020
Refers
ASTM C61/C61M-00(2020) - Standard Specification for Gypsum Keene's Cement
Effective Date
01-Jun-2020

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Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C11 − 23
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Gypsum and Related Building Materials and Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C11; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* C475/C475M Specification for Joint Compound and Joint
Tape for Finishing Gypsum Board
1.1 This standard covers terminology relating to gypsum
C843 Specification for Application of Gypsum Veneer Plas-
and related building materials and systems. The terms are
ter
generically defined. More specific and expanded definitions
C557 Specification for Adhesives for Fastening Gypsum
may appear in appropriate standards.
Wallboard to Wood Framing
1.2 This international standard was developed in accor-
C587 Specification for Gypsum Veneer Plaster
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
C588/C588M Specification for Gypsum Base for Veneer
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3
Plasters (Withdrawn 2005)
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
C954 SpecificationforSteelDrillScrewsfortheApplication
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
of Gypsum Panel Products or Metal Plaster Bases to Steel
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Studs from 0.033 in. (0.84 mm) to 0.112 in. (2.84 mm) in
Thickness
2. Referenced Documents
C1007 Specification for Installation of Load Bearing (Trans-
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
verse and Axial) Steel Studs and Related Accessories
C22/C22M Specification for Gypsum
C1396/C1396M Specification for Gypsum Board
C28/C28M Specification for Gypsum Plasters
E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of
C35 Specification for Inorganic Aggregates for Use in Gyp-
Building Materials
sum Plaster
E96/E96M Test Methods for Gravimetric Determination of
C36/C36M Specification for Gypsum Wallboard (With-
Water Vapor Transmission Rate of Materials
3
drawn 2004)
E119 Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building Construction
C37/C37M Specification for Gypsum Lath (Withdrawn
and Materials
3
2004)
E337 Test Method for Measuring Humidity with a Psy-
C52 Specification for Gypsum Partition Tile Or Block
chrometer (the Measurement of Wet- and Dry-Bulb Tem-
3
(Withdrawn 1982)
peratures)
C59/C59M Specification for Gypsum Casting Plaster and
Gypsum Molding Plaster
3. Terminology
C61/C61M Specification for Gypsum Keene’s Cement
C317/C317M Specification for Gypsum Concrete
accelerator, n—a material that reduces setting time.
C318/C318M Specification for Gypsum Formboard
accessories, n—products fabricated for the purpose of forming
C472 Test Methods for Physical Testing of Gypsum, Gyp-
corners, edges, control joints, or decorative effects.
sum Plasters, and Gypsum Concrete
C473 Test Methods for Physical Testing of Gypsum Panel
adhesive,n—a substance capable of holding materials together
Products
by surface attachment.
admixture,n—amaterialotherthanwater,aggregates,hydrau-
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C11 on
lic cementitious material, and fiber reinforcement that is
Gypsum and Related Building Materials and Systems and is the direct responsibility
of Subcommittee C11.91 on Terminology and Editorial. usedasaningredienttomodifypropertiesandisaddedtothe
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2023. Published January 2023. Originally
batch before or during its mixture.
approved in 1916. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as C11 – 18b. DOI:
10.1520/C0011-23.
aggregate, n—an inert granular material which may be added
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
to gypsum plasters. (C35)
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
all purpose compound, n—a compound formulated and
theASTM website.
3 manufactured to serve as both a taping and a finishing
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. compound.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C11−23
anhydrite, n—the mineral consisting primarily of anhydrous check cracking (in joint systems), n—short, narrow cracks
calcium sulfate, CaSO . randomly oriented in the surface of the dried joint com-
4
pound.
arris (of an arch), n—the outside corner or angle
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C11 − 18b C11 − 23
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Gypsum and Related Building Materials and Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C11; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This standard covers terminology relating to gypsum and related building materials and systems. The terms are generically
defined. More specific and expanded definitions may appear in appropriate standards.
1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C22/C22M Specification for Gypsum
C28/C28M Specification for Gypsum Plasters
C35 Specification for Inorganic Aggregates for Use in Gypsum Plaster
3
C36/C36M Specification for Gypsum Wallboard (Withdrawn 2004)
3
C37/C37M Specification for Gypsum Lath (Withdrawn 2004)
3
C52 Specification for Gypsum Partition Tile Or Block (Withdrawn 1982)
C59/C59M Specification for Gypsum Casting Plaster and Gypsum Molding Plaster
C61/C61M Specification for Gypsum Keene’s Cement
C317/C317M Specification for Gypsum Concrete
C318/C318M Specification for Gypsum Formboard
C472 Test Methods for Physical Testing of Gypsum, Gypsum Plasters, and Gypsum Concrete
C473 Test Methods for Physical Testing of Gypsum Panel Products
C475/C475M Specification for Joint Compound and Joint Tape for Finishing Gypsum Board
C843 Specification for Application of Gypsum Veneer Plaster
C557 Specification for Adhesives for Fastening Gypsum Wallboard to Wood Framing
C587 Specification for Gypsum Veneer Plaster
3
C588/C588M Specification for Gypsum Base for Veneer Plasters (Withdrawn 2005)
C954 Specification for Steel Drill Screws for the Application of Gypsum Panel Products or Metal Plaster Bases to Steel Studs
from 0.033 in. (0.84 mm) to 0.112 in. (2.84 mm) in Thickness
C1007 Specification for Installation of Load Bearing (Transverse and Axial) Steel Studs and Related Accessories
C1396/C1396M Specification for Gypsum Board
E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C11 on Gypsum and Related Building Materials and Systems and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee C11.91 on Terminology and Editorial.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2018Jan. 1, 2023. Published November 2018January 2023. Originally approved in 1916. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as
C11 – 18a.C11 – 18b. DOI: 10.1520/C0011-18B.10.1520/C0011-23.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C11 − 23
E96/E96M Test Methods for Gravimetric Determination of Water Vapor Transmission Rate of Materials
E119 Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building Construction and Materials
E337 Test Method for Measuring Humidity with a Psychrometer (the Measurement of Wet- and Dry-Bulb Temperatures)
3. Terminology
accelerator, n—a material that reduces setting time.
accessories, n—products fabricated for the purpose of forming corners, edges, control joints, or decorative effects.
adhesive, n—a substance capable of holding materials together by surface attachment.
admixture, n—a material other than water, aggregates, hydraulic cementitious material, and fiber reinforcement that is used as
an ingredient to modify properties and is added to the batch before or during its mixture.
aggregate, n—an inert granular material which may be added to gypsum plasters. (C35)
all purpose compound, n—a compound formulated and manufactured to serve as both a taping and a finishing compound.
anhydrite, n—the mineral consisting primarily of anhydrous c
...

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5.1 The purpose of this guide is to provide a logical, tiered approach in the development of environmental health criteria coincident with level and effort in the research, development, testing, and evaluation of new materials for military use. Various levels of uncertainty are associated with data collected from previous stages. Following the recommendation in the guide should reduce the relative uncertainty of the data collected at each developmental stage. At each stage, a general weight of evidence qualifier shall accompany each exposure/effect relationship. They may be simple (for example, low, medium, or high confidence) or sophisticated using a numerical value for each predictor as a multiplier to ascertain relative confidence in each step of risk characterization. The specific method used will depend on the stage of development, quantity and availability of data, variation in the measurement, and general knowledge of the dataset. Since specific formulations, conditions, and use scenarios may not be known until the later stages, exposure estimates can be determined when practical (for example, Engineering and Manufacturing Development; see 6.6). Exposure data can then be used with other toxicological data collected from previous stages in a quantitative risk assessment to determine the relative degree of hazard.  
5.2 Data developed from the use of this guide are designed to be consistent with criteria required in weapons and weapons system development (for example, programmatic environment, safety and occupational health evaluations, environmental assessments/environmental impact statements, toxicity clearances, and technical data sheets).  
5.3 Information shall be evaluated in a flexible manner consistent with the needs of the authorizing program. This requires proper characterization of the current problem. For example, compounds may be ranked relative to the environmental criteria of the prospective alternatives, the replacement compound, and within bo...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide is intended to determine the relative environmental influence of new substances, consistent with the research and development (R&D) level of effort and is intended to be applied in a logical, tiered manner that parallels both the available funding and the stage of research, development, testing, and evaluation. Specifically, conservative assumptions, relationships, and models are recommended early in the research stage, and as the technology is matured, empirical data will be developed and used. Munition constituents are included and may include propellants, oxidizers, explosives, binders, stabilizers, metals, dyes, and other compounds used in the formulation to produce a desired effect. Munition systems range from projectiles, grenades, rockets/missiles, training simulators, to smokes and obscurants. Given the complexity of issues involved in the assessment of environmental fate and effects and the diversity of the systems used, this guide is broad in scope and not intended to address every factor that may be important in an environmental context. Rather, it is intended to reduce uncertainty at minimal cost by considering the most important factors related to human health and environmental impacts of energetic materials. This guide provides an outline for collecting data useful in a relative ranking procedure to provide the systems scientist with a sound basis for prospectively determining a selection of candidates based on environmental and human health criteria. The general principles in this guide are applicable to substances other than energetics if intended to be used in a similar manner with similar exposure profiles.  
1.2 The scope of this guide includes:  
1.2.1 Energetic and other new/novel materials and compositions in all stages of research, development, test and evaluation.  
1.2.2 Environmental assessment, including:
1.2.2.1 Human and ecological effects of the unexploded energetics and ...

  • Guide
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  • Guide
    9 pages
    English language
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ASTM
ASTM D8042-18(2023)(Test Method)
Test Method for Shrinkage Temperature of Wet Blue and Wet White

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is designed to determine the temperature at which the Wet Blue or Wet White specimen experiences shrinkage. In this test method, shrinkage occurs as a result of hydrothermal denaturation of the collagen protein molecules which make up the fiber structure of the Wet Blue or Wet White. The shrinkage temperature of Wet Blue or Wet White is influenced by many different factors, most of which appear to affect the number and nature of crosslinking interactions between adjacent polypeptide chains of the collagen protein molecules. The value of the shrinkage temperature of Wet Blue or Wet White is commonly used as an indicator of the type of tannage or the degree of tannage, or both, of that particular Wet Blue or Wet White (especially for the more hydrothermally stable tannages such as chrome tannage).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the shrinkage temperature of all types of Wet Blue and Wet White. The heating medium is water when the shrinkage temperature is at or below 98 °C. The heating medium is a glycerine-water solution when the shrinkage temperature is above 98 °C.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
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