ASTM E689-95(2004)e1
(Specification)Standard Reference Radiographs for Ductile Iron Castings
Standard Reference Radiographs for Ductile Iron Castings
SCOPE
1.1 These reference radiographs extend the application of reference radiographs for steel castings to ductile iron castings.
1.2 In some instances, reference radiographs for steel castings may not be entirely applicable to ductile cast iron material dependent upon design or other usage criteria. Refer to for guidance.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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´1
Designation:E689–95 (Reapproved 2004)
Standard Reference Radiographs for
Ductile Iron Castings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E689; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
´ NOTE—Editorially changed “defect” to “discontinuity” in paragraph 7.6 in January 2004.
1. Scope has shown radiographic similarities between internal disconti-
nuities for ductile cast iron and cast steel to the extent that the
1.1 These reference radiographs extend the application of
reference radiographs for steel castings are applicable. The
reference radiographs for steel castings to ductile iron castings.
exact application and usage of the above categories and
1.2 In some instances, reference radiographs for steel cast-
severity levels must, however, give consideration to the differ-
ings may not be entirely applicable to ductile cast iron material
ences in material properties between cast steel and ductile cast
dependent upon design or other usage criteria. Refer to 4.1 for
iron end usage applications.
guidance.
4.2 Production radiographs are to be compared with the
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
applicable set of reference radiographs for classification on the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
basis of section thickness, radiation energy level and type, and
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
category and severity level of discontinuity specified.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.3 The standard reference radiographs are published in
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
three nominal section thickness ranges in separate documents
2. Referenced Documents
as follows:
4.3.1 Castings up to 2 in. (51 mm): Reference Radiographs
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E446.
E186 Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (2 to 412-
4.3.2 Heavy-walled castings 2 to 4 ⁄2 in. (51 to 114 mm):
in. [51 to 114-mm]) Steel Castings
Reference Radiographs E186.
E280 Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (412 to
4.3.3 Heavy-walled castings 4 ⁄2 to 12 in. (114 to 305 mm):
12-in. [114 to 305-mm]) Steel Castings
Reference Radiographs E280.
E446 Reference Radiographs for Steel Castings Up to 2 in.
[51 mm] in Thickness
5. Determination of Radiographic Classification
E1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
5.1 For purposes of evaluation of castings, a determination
3. Terminology must be made of the radiographic classification to be assigned
to individual castings or specific areas of castings. The deter-
3.1 Definitions of terms used in these reference radiographs
mination of the applicable radiographic-severity classification
may be found in Terminology E1316, Section D.
shall be based on an evaluation of the casting applications,
4. Significance and Use
design, and service requirements. In these evaluations, consid-
eration shall be given to such factors as pressure, temperature,
4.1 These reference radiographs invoke Reference Radio-
section thickness, applicable design safety factor, vibration,
graphs E446, E186, and E280 for establishing categories and
shock, resistance to corrosion, involvement of penetrating
severity levels of internal discontinuities common to ductile
radiations or radiation products, and involvement of dangerous
iron castings subject to mutual agreement between purchaser
gases or liquids.
and supplier in contractual specifications. The casting process
6. Classification Specifications
This reference radiograph is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E07 on
6.1 The applicable radiographic severity level should be
Nondestructive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.02 on
designated for each discontinuity type by the contracting
Reference Radiological Images.
agency in formal specifications or drawings and in the specific
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2004. Published February
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