ASTM D665-14
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Rust-Preventing Characteristics of Inhibited Mineral Oil in the Presence of Water
Standard Test Method for Rust-Preventing Characteristics of Inhibited Mineral Oil in the Presence of Water
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 In many instances, such as in the gears of a steam turbine, water can become mixed with the lubricant, and rusting of ferrous parts can occur. This test indicates how well inhibited mineral oils aid in preventing this type of rusting. This test method is also used for testing hydraulic and circulating oils, including heavier-than-water fluids. It is used for specification of new oils and monitoring of in-service oils.
Note 3: This test method was used as a basis for Test Method D3603. Test Method D3603 is used to test the oil on separate horizontal and vertical test rod surfaces, and can provide a more discriminating evaluation.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of the ability of inhibited mineral oils, particularly steam-turbine oils, to aid in preventing the rusting of ferrous parts should water become mixed with the oil. This test method is also used for testing other oils, such as hydraulic oils and circulating oils. Provision is made in the procedure for testing heavier-than-water fluids.
Note 1: For synthetic fluids, such as phosphate ester types, the plastic holder and beaker cover should be made of chemically resistant material suitable for the type of fluid tested.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 7.4 – 7.6.
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Designation: D665 − 14
Designation:135/06
Standard Test Method for
Rust-Preventing Characteristics of Inhibited Mineral Oil in
the Presence of Water
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D665; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* Vessels and for General Applications
D91 Test Method for Precipitation Number of Lubricating
1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of the ability of
Oils
inhibited mineral oils, particularly steam-turbine oils, to aid in
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
preventing the rusting of ferrous parts should water become
D2422 Classification of Industrial Fluid Lubricants by Vis-
mixed with the oil. This test method is also used for testing
cosity System
other oils, such as hydraulic oils and circulating oils. Provision
D3603 Test Method for Rust-Preventing Characteristics of
is made in the procedure for testing heavier-than-water fluids.
Steam Turbine Oil in the Presence of Water (Horizontal
NOTE 1—For synthetic fluids, such as phosphate ester types, the plastic
Disk Method)
holder and beaker cover should be made of chemically resistant material
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
suitable for the type of fluid tested.
Petroleum Products
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
2.2 Other Documents:
standard.
Motor Fuels, Section I, Annex A2, Table 32, Reference
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Materials and Blending Accessories
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the Specifications-IP Standard Thermometers, Vol 2, Appendix
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
A
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- Specifications for IP Standard Reference Liquids, Appendix
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific B
warning statements, see 7.4 – 7.6.
SAE Standard J405 Chemical Composition of SAEWrought
Stainless Steels
2. Referenced Documents
BS 871 Specification for abrasive papers and cloths
BS 970 Part 1: Carbon and Carbon Manganese Steels
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Including Free Cutting Steels
A108 Specification for Steel Bar, Carbon and Alloy, Cold-
Finished
3. Terminology
A240/A240M Specification for Chromium and Chromium-
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure
3.1.1 rust,n—aspecialcaseofcorrosionthatcanbevisually
observed on the surface of round steel test rods as reddish-
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
brown discoloration or small black spots.
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.C0.02 on Corrosion and Water/Air Separability.
4. Summary of Test Method
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2014. Published November 2014. Originally
approved in 1942. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D665 – 12. DOI:
4.1 Amixture of 300 mLof the oil under test is stirred with
10.1520/D0665-14.
30 mL of distilled water or synthetic sea water, as required, at
This standard has been developed through the cooperative effort betweenASTM
International and the Energy Institute, London. The EI and ASTM International
logos imply that the ASTM International and EI standards are technically See 1996 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.04.
equivalent, but does not imply that both standards are editorially identical. AnnualBookofIPStandardMethodsforAnalysisandTestingofPetroleumand
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Related Products, Vol 2. Available from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St.,
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM London, WIG 7AR, U.K.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on 1995 SAE Handbook, Vol 1. Available from Society of Automotive Engineers
the ASTM website. (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D665 − 14
for the beaker which has been found to be suitable.An optional feature is
a temperature of 60 °C 6 1 °C with a cylindrical steel test rod
shown, consisting of a slot, 1.6 mm by 27 mm, which is centered on a
completelyimmersedtherein.Itisrecommendedtorunthetest
diameter of the stirrer hole at right angles to the cover diameter through
for 4 h; however, the test period may, at the discretion of the
the test rod hole and stirrer hole. This feature allows withdrawal of the
contracting parties, be for a shorter or longer period. The test
stirrerwhilethebeakercoverisinplace.Whenthetestmethodtestisused
rod is observed for signs of rusting and, if desired, degree of
for other fluids such as synthetics, the beaker cover should be made from
chemically resistant material such as polymonochlorotrifluoroethylene
rusting.
(PCTFE).
NOTE 2—Until 1999 it was customary to run the test for 24 h.Around
6.4 The plastic holder shall be made of PMMA resin in
robin with comparisons of different test times showed that no statistically
accordance with the dimensions shown in Fig. 3 (two types of
significant differences in rating were found for any sample, between the
4 h and 24 h results. holders are illustrated). When testing synthetic fluids, the
plastic holder should be made from chemically resistant
5. Significance and Use
material such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
5.1 In many instances, such as in the gears of a steam
6.5 Stirrer—A stirrer constructed entirely from stainless
turbine, water can become mixed with the lubricant, and
steel (Note 6 and Note 7) in the form of an inverted T. A flat
rusting of ferrous parts can occur. This test indicates how well
blade (25 by 6) mm by 0.6 mm shall be attached to a rod with
inhibited mineral oils aid in preventing this type of rusting.
a diameter of 6 mm in such a way that the blade is symmetrical
This test method is also used for testing hydraulic and
with the rod and has its flat surface in the vertical plane.
circulating oils, including heavier-than-water fluids. It is used
NOTE 6—A suitable material is an 18 % chromium, 8 % nickel alloy
for specification of new oils and monitoring of in-service oils.
steel conforming toType 304, of Specification A240/A240M, or SAE No.
NOTE 3—This test method was used as a basis for Test Method D3603.
30304 (see SAE J405), or BS 970: Part 1: 1983: 302S31.
Test Method D3603 is used to test the oil on separate horizontal and
NOTE 7—If stainless steel is not obtainable, stirrers made of heat-
vertical test rod surfaces, and can provide a more discriminating evalua-
resistant glass and having approximately the same dimensions as the
tion.
stainless steel stirrers specified can be used.
6.6 Stirring Apparatus—Any convenient form of stirring
6. Apparatus
apparatus capable of maintaining a speed of 1000 r/min 6
6.1 Oil Bath—A thermostatically controlled liquid bath
50 r⁄min.
capable of maintaining the test sample at a temperature of
6.7 Grinding and Polishing Equipment—A CAMI 150 grit
60 °C 6 1 °C (see Note 4). An oil having a viscosity of
(99 µm) and a CAMI 240 grit (53.5 µm) in accordance with BS
approximately ISO VG 32 (see Classification D2422)is
871 or its equivalent, metalworking aluminum oxide abrasive
suitable for the bath. The bath shall have a cover with holes to
cloth coat on a jeans backing (the corresponding European
accommodate the test beakers.
grades (FEPA) are P150J and P280J, respectively), a suitable
NOTE 4—ASTMThermometer 9C, as prescribed in Specification E1,or
chuck (see Fig. 4) for holding the test rod, and a means of
IP Thermometer 21C in accordance with IP Standard Thermometers,
rotating the test rod at a speed of 1700 r/min to 1800 r/min.
Volume 2, Appendix A, is suitable to indicate the temperature.
Alternatively, calibrated thermocouples may be used.
NOTE 8—CAMI (CoatedAbrasives Manufacturers Institute) is a United
States organization and FEPA (Federation of European Producers of
6.2 Beaker—ABerzelius-type, tall-form heat-resistant glass
Abrasives) is a European organization.
beaker without pour-out, as shown in Fig. 1, approximately
6.8 Oven, capable of maintaining a temperature of 65 °C.
127 mm in height measured from the inside bottom center and
approximately 70 mm inside diameter measured at the middle.
7. Reagents and Materials
6.3 Beaker Cover—A flat beaker cover of glass or poly
7.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be
(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) (Note 5), kept in position by
used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
suitable means such as a rim or groove. Two holes shall be
all reagents conform to the specifications of the Committee on
provided on any diameter of the cover; one for a stirrer 12 mm
Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society where
indiameterwithitscenter6.4mmfromthecenterofthecover;
such specifications are available. Other grades may be used,
andtheother,ontheoppositesideofthecenterofthecover,for
provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently
the test rod assembly (see Section 9), 18 mm in diameter with
high purity to permit its use without lessening the accuracy of
its center 16 mm from the center of the cover. In addition, a
the determination.
third hole 12 mm in diameter shall be provided for a tempera-
ture measuring device, with its center 22.5 mm from the center 7.2 PurityofWater—Unlessotherwiseindicated,references
to water shall be understood to mean reagent water as defined
of the cover and on a diameter of the cover at right angles to
the diameter through the other two holes. by Type II of Specification D1193.
NOTE 5—An inverted petri dish makes a suitable cover, as the sides of
the dish aid in keeping it in position. Fig. 2 shows a PMMA resin cover Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications , American
Chemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not
listed by the American Chemical Society, see Analar Standards for Laboratory
Supporting data (results of the cooperative test program with modified test Chemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeia
duration) have been filed atASTM International Headquarters and may be obtained and National Formulary, U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville,
by requesting Research Report RR:D02-1474. MD.
D665 − 14
FIG. 1 Rusting Test Apparatus
D665 − 14
FIG. 2 Beaker Cover
7.3 The synthetic sea water shall have the following com-
Stock Solution No. 1:
MgCl ·6H O 3885 g
position: 2 2
CaCl ·2H O 538 g
2 2
Salt
SrCl ·6HO14g
2 2
Dissolve and dilute to 7 L
NaCl 24.54g/L
MgCl ·6H O 11.10g/L
2 2 Stock Solution No. 2:
Na SO 4.09g/L
2 4 KCl 483 g
CaCl ·2H O 1.54g/L
2 2 NaHCO 140 g
KCl 0.69g/L
KBr 70 g
NaHCO 0.20g/L
H BO 21 g
3 3
KBr 0.10g/L
NaF 2.1 g
H BO 0.03g/L
3 3
Dissolve and dilute to 7 L
SrCl ·6H O 0.04g/L
2 2
NaF 0.04g/L
7.3.2 To prepare the synthetic sea water, dissolve 245.4 g of
NaCl and 40.94 g of Na SO in a few litres of distilled water,
7.3.1 The solution can be conveniently prepared as follows.
2 4
add 200 mL of Stock Solution No. 1 and 100 mL of Stock
This procedure avoids any precipitation in concentrated solu-
Solution No. 2 and dilute to 10 L, stir and add 0.1 N Na CO
tions with subsequent uncertainty of complete resolution.
2 3
Using certified pure (cp) chemicals and distilled water, prepare solution until the pH is between 7.8 and 8.2. One or two
the following stock solutions: millilitres of the carbonate solution will be required.
D665 − 14
FIG. 3 Test Rod and Holders
D665 − 14
FIG. 4 Chuck for Polishing Test Rods
7.4 Precipitation Naphtha, as specified inTest Method D91. provided they are found to be satisfactory by comparative test
(Warning—Flammable. Health hazard.) using this Test Method D665 – IP 135.
7.5 Isooctane, as specified in Motor Fuels, Section I,Annex
NOTE 9—When making a check test, the steel test rod that showed rust
A2, Table 32, Reference Materials and Blending Accessories.
shouldnotbereused.Testrodsthatrepeatedlyshowrustintestsofvarious
oils can be imperfect. Such test rods should be used with oils known to
(Warning—Flammable. Health hazard.)
pass the test. If rusting occurs in repeat tests, these test rods should be
7.6 IP 60/80 Petroleum Spirit, as specified by IP Standard
discarded.
Reference Liquids, Appendix B. (Warning—Flammable.
9.3 Preliminary Grinding—If the test rod has been used
Health hazard.)
previously and is free of rust or other irregularities, the
7.7 Steel Test Rod, as specified in Section 9.
preliminary grinding may be omitted, and it may be subjected
onlytofinalpolishingasprescribedin9.4.Ifthetestrodisnew
8. Sampling
or if any part of its surface shows rust or other irregularities,
8.1 Sample for this test can come from tanks, drums, small
clean it with ASTM precipitation naphtha or isooctane or IP
containers, or even operating equipment, and they should be
60/80 petroleum spirit and grind with medium 150 grit
truly representative of the entire quantity. Therefore, use the
aluminum oxide cloth to remove all irregularities, pits, and
applicable apparatus and techniques described in Practice
scratches, as determined by visual inspection (Note 10).
D4057, or other comparable standard practice.
Perform the grindings by mounting the test rod in the chuck of
the grinding and polishing apparatus, and turning it at a speed
9. Test Rod and Its Preparation
of 1700 r⁄min to 1800 r/min while applying the 150 grit
9.1 For each test oil, prepare two steel test rods. These may
aluminum oxide cloth. Old 150 grit aluminum oxide cloth may
either be new or from a previous test (see Note 9) and shall be
be used to remove rust or major irregularities, but complete the
prepared in accordance with 9.2 and 9.3.
grinding with new cloth. Proceed at once with the final
polishing with 240 grit aluminum oxide cloth, or remove the
9.2 The test rod assembly shall consist of a round steel test
test rod from the chuck and store
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D665 − 12 D665 − 14
Designation: 135/06
Standard Test Method for
Rust-Preventing Characteristics of Inhibited Mineral Oil in
the Presence of Water
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D665; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of the ability of inhibited mineral oils, particularly steam-turbine oils, to aid in
preventing the rusting of ferrous parts should water become mixed with the oil. This test method is also used for testing other oils,
such as hydraulic oils and circulating oils. Provision is made in the procedure for testing heavier-than-water fluids.
NOTE 1—For synthetic fluids, such as phosphate ester types, the plastic holder and beaker cover should be made of a chemically resistant material,
such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).chemically resistant material suitable for the type of fluid tested.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 6.47.4 – 6.67.6.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A108 Specification for Steel Bar, Carbon and Alloy, Cold-Finished
A240/A240M Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels and
for General Applications
D91 Test Method for Precipitation Number of Lubricating Oils
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D2422 Classification of Industrial Fluid Lubricants by Viscosity System
D3603 Test Method for Rust-Preventing Characteristics of Steam Turbine Oil in the Presence of Water (Horizontal Disk Method)
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
2.2 Other Documents:
Motor Fuels, Section I, Annex A2, Table 32, Reference Materials and Blending Accessories
Specifications-IP Standard Thermometers, Vol 2, Appendix A
Specifications for IP Standard Reference Liquids, Appendix B
SAE Standard J405 Chemical Composition of SAE Wrought Stainless Steels
BS 871 Specification for abrasive papers and cloths
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.C0.02 on Corrosion and Water/Air Separability.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2012Oct. 1, 2014. Published March 2013November 2014. Originally approved in 1942. Last previous edition approved in 20062012 as
D665D665 – 12.-06. DOI: 10.1520/D0665-12.10.1520/D0665-14.
This standard has been developed through the cooperative effort between ASTM International and the Energy Institute, London. The EI and ASTM International logos
imply that the ASTM International and EI standards are technically equivalent, but does not imply that both standards are editorially identical.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
See 1996 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.04.
Annual Book of IP Standard Methods for Analysis and Testing of Petroleum and Related Products, Vol 2. Available from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London,
WIG 7AR, U.K.
1995 SAE Handbook, Vol 1. Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D665 − 14
BS 970 Part 1: Carbon and Carbon Manganese Steels Including Free Cutting Steels
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 rust, n—a special case of corrosion that can be visually observed on the surface of round steel test rods as reddish-brown
discoloration or small black spots.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A mixture of 300 mL of the oil under test is stirred with 30 mL of distilled water or synthetic sea water, as required, at a
temperature of 60 °C 6 1°C1 °C with a cylindrical steel test rod completely immersed therein. It is recommended to run the test
for 4 h; however, the test period may, at the discretion of the contracting parties, be for a shorter or longer period. The test rod
is observed for signs of rusting and, if desired, degree of rusting.
NOTE 2—Until 1999 it was customary to run the test for 24 h. A round robin with comparisons of different test times showed that no statistically
significant differences in rating were found for any sample, between the 44 h and 24 h results.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 In many instances, such as in the gears of a steam turbine, water can become mixed with the lubricant, and rusting of ferrous
parts can occur. This test indicates how well inhibited mineral oils aid in preventing this type of rusting. This test method is also
used for testing hydraulic and circulating oils, including heavier-than-water fluids. It is used for specification of new oils and
monitoring of in-service oils.
NOTE 3—This test method was used as a basis for Test Method D3603. Test Method D3603 is used to test the oil on separate horizontal and vertical
test rod surfaces, and can provide a more discriminating evaluation.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Oil Bath—A thermostatically controlled liquid bath capable of maintaining the test sample at a temperature of 6060 °C 6
1°C1 °C (see Note 4). An oil having a viscosity of approximately ISO VG 32 (see Classification D2422) is suitable for the bath.
The bath shall have a cover with holes to accommodate the test beakers.
NOTE 4—ASTM Thermometer 9C, as prescribed in Specification E1, or IP Thermometer 21C in accordance with IP Standard Thermometers, Volume
2, Appendix A, is suitable to indicate the temperature. Alternatively, calibrated thermocouples may be used.
6.2 Beaker—A 400-mL, Berzelius-type, tall-form heat-resistant glass beaker without pourout,pour-out, as shown in Fig. 1,
approximately 127 mm in height measured from the inside bottom center and approximately 70 mm) in mm inside diameter
measured at the middle.
6.3 Beaker Cover—A flat beaker cover of glass or poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) (Note 5), kept in position by suitable
means such as a rim or groove. Two holes shall be provided on any diameter of the cover; one for a stirrer 12 mm in diameter
with its center 6.4 mm from the center of the cover; and the other, on the opposite side of the center of the cover, for the test rod
assembly (see Section 89), 18 mm in diameter with its center 16 mm from the center of the cover. In addition, a third hole 12 mm
in diameter shall be provided for a temperature measuring device, with its center 22.5 mm from the center of the cover and on a
diameter of the cover at right angles to the diameter through the other two holes.
NOTE 5—An inverted petri dish makes a suitable cover, as the sides of the dish aid in keeping it in position. Fig. 2 shows a PMMA resin cover for
the beaker which has been found to be suitable. An optional feature is shown, consisting of a slot, 1.6 mm by 27 mm, which is centered on a diameter
of the stirrer hole at right angles to the cover diameter through the test rod hole and stirrer hole. This feature allows withdrawal of the stirrer while the
beaker cover is in place. When the test method test is used for other fluids such as synthetics, the beaker cover should be made from chemically resistant
material such as polymonochlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE).
6.4 The plastic holder shall be made of PMMA resin in accordance with the dimensions shown in Fig. 3 (two types of holders
are illustrated). When testing synthetic fluids, the plastic holder should be made from chemically resistant material such as
polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
6.5 Stirrer—A stirrer constructed entirely from stainless steel (Note 6 and Note 7) in the form of an inverted T. A flat blade 25(25
by 6 6) mm by 0.6 mm shall be attached to a 6-mm rod rod with a diameter of 6 mm in such a way that the blade is symmetrical
with the rod and has its flat surface in the vertical plane.
NOTE 6—A suitable material is an 18 % chromium, 8 % nickel alloy steel conforming to Type 304, of Specification A240/A240M, or SAE No. 30304
(see SAE J405), or BS 970: Part 1: 1983: 302S31.
NOTE 7—If stainless steel is not obtainable, stirrers made of heat-resistant glass and having approximately the same dimensions as the stainless steel
stirrers specified can be used.
Supporting data (results of the cooperative test program with modified test duration) have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and may be obtained by
requesting Research Report RR:D02-1474.
D665 − 14
FIG. 1 Rusting Test Apparatus
6.6 Stirring Apparatus—Any convenient form of stirring apparatus capable of maintaining a speed of 1000 r/min 6 50
50 r rpm.⁄min.
6.7 Grinding and Polishing Equipment —Equipment—A CAMI 150-grit (99-μm) 150 grit (99 μm) and a CAMI 240-grit
(53.5-μm) 240 grit (53.5 μm) in accordance with BS 871 or its equivalent, metalworking aluminum oxide abrasive cloth coat on
a jeans backing (the corresponding European grades (FEPA) are P150J and P280J, respectively), a suitable chuck (see Fig. 4) for
holding the test rod, and a means of rotating the test rod at a speed of 1700 r/min to 1800 rpm.r/min.
NOTE 8—CAMI (Coated Abrasives Manufacturers Institute) is a United States organization and FEPA (Federation of European Producers of Abrasives)
is a European organization.
D665 − 14
FIG. 2 Beaker Cover
6.8 Oven, capable of maintaining a temperature of 65°C.65 °C.
7. Reagents and Materials
7.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that all
reagents conform to the specifications of the Committee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society where such
specifications are available. Other grades may be used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently high purity
to permit its use without lessening the accuracy of the determination.
7.2 Purity of Water— Unless otherwise indicated, references to water shall be understood to mean reagent water as defined by
Type II of Specification D1193.
Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications , American Chemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not listed by
the American Chemical Society, see Analar Standards for Laboratory Chemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeia and National
Formulary, U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville, MD.
D665 − 14
FIG. 3 Test Rod and Holders
D665 − 14
FIG. 4 Chuck for Polishing Test Rods
7.3 The synthetic sea water shall have the following composition:
Salt g/L
Salt
NaCl 24.54 g/L
MgCl ·6H O 11.10 g/L
2 2
Na SO 4.09 g/L
2 4
CaCl 1.16
CaCl ·2H O 1.54 g/L
2 2
KCl 0.69 g/L
NaHCO 0.20 g/L
KBr 0.10 g/L
H BO 0.03 g/L
3 3
SrCl ·6H O 0.04 g/L
2 2
NaF 0.003
NaF 0.04 g/L
7.3.1 The solution can be conveniently prepared as follows. This procedure avoids any precipitation in concentrated solutions
with subsequent uncertainty of complete resolution. Using certified pure (cp) chemicals and distilled water, prepare the following
stock solutions:
Stock Solution No. 1:
MgCl ·6H O 3885 g
2 2
CaCl (anhydrous) 406 g
CaCl ·2H O 538 g
2 2
SrCl ·6H O 14 g
2 2
Dissolve and dilute to 7 L
Stock Solution No. 2:
KCl 483 g
NaHCO 140 g
KBr 70 g
H BO 21 g
3 3
NaF 2.1 g
Dissolve and dilute to 7 L
7.3.2 To prepare the synthetic sea water, dissolve 245.4 g of NaCl and 40.94 g of Na SO in a few litres of distilled water, add
2 4
200 mL of Stock Solution No. 1 and 100 mL of Stock Solution No. 2 and dilute to 10 L. Stir the 10-L batch L, stir and add 0.1
N Na CO solution until the pH is between 7.8 and 8.2. One or two millilitres of the carbonate solution will be required.
2 3
D665 − 14
7.4 Precipitation Naphtha, as specified in Test Method D91. (Warning—Flammable. Health hazard.)
7.5 Isooctane, as specified in Motor Fuels, Section I, Annex A2, Table 32, Reference Materials and Blending Accessories.
(Warning—Flammable. Health hazard.)
7.6 IP 60/80 Petroleum Spirit, as specified by IP Standard Reference Liquids, Appendix B. (Warning—Flammable. Health
hazard.)
7.7 Steel Test Rod, as specified in Section 89.
8. Sampling
8.1 Sample for this test can come from tanks, drums, small containers, or even operating equipment, and they should be truly
representative of the entire quantity. Therefore, use the applicable apparatus and techniques described in Practice D4057, or other
comparable standard practice.
9. Test Rod and Its Preparation
9.1 For each test oil, prepare two steel test rods. These may either be new or from a previous test (see Note 9) and shall be
prepared in accordance with 8.29.2 and 8.39.3.
9.2 The test rod assembly shall consist of a round steel test rod fitted to a plastic holder. The round steel test rod, when new,
shall be 12.7 mm in diameter and approximately 68 mm in length exclusive of the threaded portion which screws into the plastic
holder and shall be tapered at one end as shown in Fig. 3. It shall be made of steel conforming to Grade 10180 of Specification
A108 or to BS 970 Part I: 1983-070M20. If these steels are not available, other equivalent steels may be used, provided they are
found to be satisfactory by comparative test using this Test Method D665 – IP 135.
NOTE 9—When making a check test, the steel test rod that showed rus
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