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ASTM D943-02

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Oxidation Characteristics of Inhibited Mineral Oils

Standard Test Method for Oxidation Characteristics of Inhibited Mineral Oils

SCOPE
1.1 This test method is used to evaluate the oxidation stability of inhibited steam-turbine oils in the presence of oxygen, water, and copper and iron metals at an elevated temperature. The test method is also used for testing other oils such as hydraulic oils and circulating oils having a specific gravity less than that of water and containing rust and oxidation inhibitors.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 6.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Aug-2002
ICS
75.080 - Petroleum products in general
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.09.0C - Oxidation of Turbine Oils
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D943-99 - Standard Test Method for Oxidation Characteristics of Inhibited Mineral Oils
Effective Date
10-Aug-2002
Replaced By
ASTM D943-04 - Standard Test Method for Oxidation Characteristics of Inhibited Mineral Oils
Effective Date
01-May-2004
Referred By
ASTM D4378-22 - Standard Practice for In-Service Monitoring of Mineral Turbine Oils for Steam, Gas, and Combined Cycle Turbines
Effective Date
10-Aug-2002
Referred By
ASTM D8324-21 - Standard Guide for Selection of Environmentally Acceptable Lubricants for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Vessel General Permit
Effective Date
10-Aug-2002
Referred By
ASTM D5770-23 - Standard Test Method for Semiquantitative Micro Determination of Acid Number of Lubricating Oils During Oxidation Testing
Effective Date
10-Aug-2002
Referred By
ASTM D6158-18 - Standard Specification for Mineral Hydraulic Oils
Effective Date
10-Aug-2002
Referred By
ASTM D6514-03(2019)e1 - Standard Test Method for High Temperature Universal Oxidation Test for Turbine Oils
Effective Date
10-Aug-2002
Referred By
ASTM D2893-19 - Standard Test Methods for Oxidation Characteristics of Extreme-Pressure Lubrication Oils
Effective Date
10-Aug-2002
Referred By
ASTM D7044-15 - Standard Specification for Biodegradable Fire Resistant Hydraulic Fluids
Effective Date
10-Aug-2002
Referred By
ASTM D2274-14(2019) - Standard Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Distillate Fuel Oil (Accelerated Method)
Effective Date
10-Aug-2002
Referred By
ASTM D4304-22 - Standard Specification for Mineral and Synthetic Lubricating Oil Used in Steam or Gas Turbines
Effective Date
10-Aug-2002
Referred By
ASTM D8506-23 - Standard Guide for Microbial Contamination and Biodeterioration in Turbine Oils and Turbine Oil Systems
Effective Date
10-Aug-2002
Referred By
ASTM D3339-21 - Standard Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Semi-Micro Color Indicator Titration
Effective Date
10-Aug-2002
Referred By
ASTM D7873-22a - Standard Test Method for Determination of Oxidation Stability and Insolubles Formation of Inhibited Turbine Oils at 120 °C Without the Inclusion of Water (Dry TOST Method)
Effective Date
10-Aug-2002
Referred By
ASTM D6224-22 - Standard Practice for In-Service Monitoring of Lubricating Oil for Auxiliary Power Plant Equipment
Effective Date
10-Aug-2002

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ASTM D943-02 - Standard Test Method for Oxidation Characteristics of Inhibited Mineral OilsASTM D943-02 - Standard Test Method for Oxidation Characteristics of Inhibited Mineral Oils
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ASTM D943-02 - Standard Test Method for Oxidation Characteristics of Inhibited Mineral Oils
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
An American National Standard
Designation: D 943 – 02 British Standard 4388
Standard Test Method for
1
Oxidation Characteristics of Inhibited Mineral Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 943; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope D 4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
6
Petroleum Products
1.1 This test method is used to evaluate the oxidation
D 4310 Test Method for Determination of the Sludging and
stability of inhibited steam-turbine oils in the presence of
6
Corrosion Tendencies of Inhibited Mineral Oils
oxygen, water, and copper and iron metals at an elevated
D 5770 Test Method for Semi-Quantitative Micro Determi-
temperature. The test method is also used for testing other oils
7
nation of Acid Number of Used Lubricating Oils
such as hydraulic oils and circulating oils having a specific
8
E 1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers
gravity less than that of water and containing rust and oxidation
9
2.2 IP Standards:
inhibitors.
Specifications for IP Standard Thermometers
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
10
2.3 British Standard:
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
BS 1829
only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3. Summary of Test Method
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1 The oil sample is contacted with oxygen in the presence
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
of water and an iron-copper catalyst at 95°C. The test continues
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
until the measured acid number of the oil is 2.0 mg KOH/g or
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
above. The number of test hours required for the oil to reach
precautionary statements, see Section 6.
2.0 mg KOH/g is the “oxidation lifetime.”
2. Referenced Documents
4. Significance and Use
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1 This test method is widely used for specification pur-
A 510 Specification for General Requirements for Wire
2 poses and is considered of value in estimating the oxidation
Rods and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon Steel
3 stability of lubricants, especially those that are prone to water
B 1 Specification for Hard-Drawn Copper Wire
contamination. It should be recognized, however, that correla-
D 664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products
4 tion between results of this method and the oxidation stability
by Potentiometric Titration
5 of a lubricant in field service may vary markedly with field
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
service conditions and with various lubricants. The precision
D 3244 Practice for Utilization of Test Data to Determine
6 statement for this method was determined on steam turbine
Conformance with Specifications
oils.
D 3339 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Prod-
6
ucts by Semi-Micro Color Indicator Titration
NOTE 1—Furthermore, in the course of testing a lubricant by this
method, other signs of deterioration, such as sludge formation or catalyst
coil corrosion, may appear that are not reflected in the calculated oxidation
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
lifetime. The subcommittee responsible for this method is investigating
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
the application of alternative criteria for evaluation of lubricants using this
D02.09 on Oxidation.
Current edition approved August 10, 2002. Published October 2002. Originally
published as D 943–47. Last previous edition D 943–99.
7
In 1976, this test method ceased to be a joint ASTM-IP standard. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.03.
2 8
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.03.
3 9
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.03. Available from the Institute of Petroleum, 61 New Cavendish St., London,
4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01. W1G 7AR, United Kingdom.
5 10
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01. Available from British Standards Institute, 389 Chiswick High Rd., London,
6
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.02. W4 4AL, United Kingdom.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D943–02
All dimensions are in millimetres (inches)
Notes: 1. The oxidation test tube has a calibration line at 300 mL. This calibration applies to the test tube alone at 20°C.
2. Open tube ends
...

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Note 2: Oil tubes and apparatus used in this test method have traditionally been marked in inches, (the tube is required to be etched with 1/8 in. divisions.) The Saybolt Color Numbers are aligned with inch, 1/2 in., 1/4 in., and 1/8 in. changes in the depth of oil. These fractional inch changes do not readily correspond to SI equivalents and in view of the preponderance of apparatus already in use and marked in inches, the inch/pound unit is regarded as the standard. However the test method does use SI units of length when the length is not directly related to divisions on the oil tube and Saybolt Color Numbers. The test method uses SI units for temperature.  
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5.1 Predicting the viscosity of a blend of components is a common problem. Both the Wright Blending Method and the ASTM Blending Method, described in this practice, may be used to solve this problem.  
5.2 The inverse problem, predicating the required blend fractions of components to meet a specified viscosity at a given temperature may also be solved using either the Inverse Wright Blending Method or the Inverse ASTM Blending Method.  
5.3 The Wright Blending Methods are generally preferred since they have a firmer basis in theory, and are more accurate. The Wright Blending Methods require component viscosities to be known at two temperatures. The ASTM Blending Methods are mathematically simpler and may be used when viscosities are known at a single temperature.  
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5.5 The calculations described in this practice have been computerized as a spreadsheet and are available as an adjunct.3
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1.1 This practice covers the procedures for calculating the estimated kinematic viscosity of a blend of two or more petroleum products, such as lubricating oil base stocks, fuel components, residual fuel oil with kerosene, crude oils, and related products, from their kinematic viscosities and blend fractions.  
1.2 This practice allows for the estimation of the fraction of each of two petroleum products needed to prepare a blend meeting a specific viscosity.  
1.3 This practice may not be applicable to other types of products, or to materials which exhibit strong non-Newtonian properties, such as viscosity index improvers, additive packages, and products containing particulates.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 Logarithms may be either common logarithms or natural logarithms, as long as the same are used consistently. This practice uses common logarithms. If natural logarithms are used, the inverse function, exp(×), must be used in place of the base 10 exponential function, 10×, used herein.  
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5.1 Sulfur present as mercaptans or as hydrogen sulfide in distillate fuels and solvents can attack many metallic and non-metallic materials in fuel and other distribution systems. A negative result in the doctor test ensures that the concentration of these compounds is insufficient to cause such problems in normal use.
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1.1 This test method covers and is intended primarily for the detection of mercaptans in motor fuel, kerosine, and similar petroleum products. This method may also provide information on hydrogen sulfide and elemental sulfur that may be present in these sample types.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  For specific warning statements, see 7.3.  
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5.1 The boiling range distribution of petroleum fractions provides an insight into the composition of feedstocks and products related to petroleum refining processes. The gas chromatographic simulation of this determination can be used to replace conventional distillation methods for control of refining operations. This test method can be used for product specification testing with the mutual agreement of interested parties.  
5.2 Boiling range distributions obtained by this test method are essentially equivalent to those obtained by true boiling point (TBP) distillation (see Test Method D2892). They are not equivalent to results from low efficiency distillations such as those obtained with Test Method D86 or D1160.  
5.3 Procedure B was tested with biodiesel mixtures and reports the Boiling Point Distribution of FAME esters of vegetable and animal origin mixed with ultra low sulfur diesel.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the boiling range distribution of petroleum products. The test method is applicable to petroleum products and fractions having a final boiling point of 538 °C (1000 °F) or lower at atmospheric pressure as measured by this test method. This test method is limited to samples having a boiling range greater than 55.5 °C (100 °F), and having a vapor pressure sufficiently low to permit sampling at ambient temperature.
Note 1: Since a boiling range is the difference between two temperatures, only the constant of 1.8 °F/°C is used in the conversion of the temperature range from one system of units to another.  
1.1.1 Procedure A (Sections 6 – 14)—Allows a larger selection of columns and analysis conditions such as packed and capillary columns as well as a Thermal Conductivity Detector in addition to the Flame Ionization Detector. Analysis times range from 14 min to 60 min.  
1.1.2 Procedure B (Sections 15 – 23)—Is restricted to only 3 capillary columns and requires no sample dilution. In addition, Procedure B is used not only for the sample types described in Procedure A but also for the analysis of samples containing biodiesel mixtures B5, B10, and B20. The analysis time, when using Procedure B (Accelerated D2887), is reduced to about 8 min.  
1.2 This test method is not to be used for the analysis of gasoline samples or gasoline components. These types of samples must be analyzed by Test Method D7096.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
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  • Standard
    35 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off