ASTM D892-03
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Foaming Characteristics of Lubricating Oils
Standard Test Method for Foaming Characteristics of Lubricating Oils
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the foaming characteristics of lubricating oils at 24°C and 93.5°C. Means of empirically rating the foaming tendency and the stability of the foam are described.
1.2 The values stated in acceptable SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Sections 7, 8, and 9.1.1.
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An American National Standard
Designation:D892–03 British Standard 5092
Designation: 146/2000
Standard Test Method for
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Foaming Characteristics of Lubricating Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D892; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 3.1.1.1 Discussion—In this test method the diffuser may be
made of either metallic or non-metallic materials.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the foam-
3.1.2 entrained air (or gas), n—in liquids, a two-phase
ing characteristics of lubricating oils at 24°C and 93.5°C.
mixture of air (or gas) dispersed in a liquid in which the
Means of empirically rating the foaming tendency and the
volume of the liquid is the major component.
stability of the foam are described.
3.1.2.1 Discussion—The air (or gas) is in the form of
1.2 The values stated in acceptable SI units are to be
discrete bubbles of about 10 to 1000 µm in diameter. The
regarded as the standard.
bubbles are not uniformly dispersed. In time they tend to rise
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
tothesurfacetocoalescetoformlargerbubbleswhichbreakor
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
form foam. Subsurface coalescence can also occur, in which
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
case, the bubbles rise more rapidly.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1.3 foam, n—in liquids, a collection of bubbles formed in
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
the liquid or on (at) its surface in which the air (or gas) is the
warning statements, see Sections 7, 8, and 9.1.1.
major component on a volumetric basis.
2. Referenced Documents
3.1.4 lubricant, n—any material interposed between two
surfaces that reduces the friction or wear between them.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 4175–88
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
3.1.4.1 Discussion—In this test method, the lubricant is an
and Opaque Liquids and the Calculation of Dynamic
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oil which can or can not contain additives such as foam
Viscosity
inhibitors.
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum
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3.1.5 maximum pore diameter, n—in gas diffusion, the
Products, and Lubricants
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diameter a capillary of circular cross section which is equiva-
E1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers
lent (with respect to surface tension effects) to the largest pore
E128 Test Method for Maximum Pore Diameter and Per-
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of the diffuser under consideration.
meability of Rigid, Porous Filters for Laboratory Use
3.1.5.1 Discussion—The pore dimension is expressed in
3. Terminology
micrometres in this test method.
3.1.6 permeability, n—in gas diffusion, the flow of gas,
3.1 Definitions:
through the gas diffuser.
3.1.1 diffuser, n—for gas, a device for dispersing gas into a
3.1.6.1 Discussion—In this test method, the permeability is
fluid.
measured at a pressure of 2.45 kPa (250 mm of water) in
millilitres per minute.
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
3.2.1 dynamic bubble, n—the first bubble to pass through
D02.06 on Analysis of Lubricants.
and escape from the diffuser followed by a continuous succes-
Current edition approved May 10, 2003. Published May 2003. Originally
approved in 1946. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D892–02. sionofbubbleswhentestingforthemaximumporediameterin
In the IP, this test method is under the jurisdiction of the Standardization
Annex A1.
Committee. This test method has been approved by the sponsoring committees and
3.2.1.1 Discussion—When a diffuser is immersed in a
accepted by the cooperating societies in accordance with established procedures.
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liquid, air can be trapped in the pores. It can escape eventually
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
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Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.02.
or as soon as a pressure is applied to the diffuser.When testing
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Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.03.
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Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
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D892–03
FIG. 1 Foaming Test Apparatus
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for maximum pore diameter (Annex A1) the escape of such 25.4-mm(1-in.)diametersphericalgasdiffuserstone madeof
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b
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