ASTM D5426-19
(Practice)Standard Practices for Visual Inspection and Grading of Fabrics Used for Inflatable Restraints
Standard Practices for Visual Inspection and Grading of Fabrics Used for Inflatable Restraints
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 These practices are suitable for incorporation in a specification. Any reference to material or cushion specification in these practices shall mean any similar agreement between the purchaser and supplier relating to the inspection and acceptance of fabric intended for inflatable restraint use.
5.2 These practices constitute the terminology, conditions, equipment, and procedures by which rolls of inflatable restraint fabrics or cut parts are inspected and graded.
5.3 A specification incorporating these practices may deviate from them to account for considerations of fabric property, material handling equipment, or inflatable restraint cushion design, or a combination thereof. Whenever such deviations from standard occur, they are recorded in the report.
5.4 These practices acknowledge that, in the normal course of production, acceptable rolls of fabric will be produced containing imperfections; subsequently, pieces will be cut from the rolls and those pieces that contain imperfections restricted in Tables 1-5 will be culled at that time.
5.5 The accuracy in the results from visually inspecting fabric using these practices is affected by the ability of the inspector to detect, identify, and evaluate the severity of an imperfection in a moving fabric or in a cut part. Such ability can be affected by visual acuity, viewing distance, fabric traverse speed, lighting conditions, inspector discipline and training, and the availability and accuracy of suitable visual aids.
5.6 Systematic bias may result from using these practices whenever the precision or scale of the visual aids used to identify and quantify imperfections differs between the purchaser and supplier.
SCOPE
1.1 These practices cover procedures for the inspection and grading of coated and uncoated woven flat and one-piece woven (OPW) fabrics, and for the inspection and culling of cut parts made of such fabrics, all of which are used in the manufacture of inflatable restraint cushions.
1.2 For ease of reference, the scope, summary of practice, significance and use, apparatus, sampling, procedure, and report sections are listed separately for each inspection practice.
Inspection Practice
Section
Fabric Rolls
7
Cut Pieces & OPW
8
1.3 These practices can be used to distinguish those fabric imperfections that may adversely affect inflatable restraint cushion fabrication or performance from those imperfections that will not.
1.4 Procedures and apparatus other than those stated in these practices may be used by agreement of the purchaser and supplier with the specific deviations from these practices acknowledged in the report.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:D5426 −19
Standard Practices for
Visual Inspection and Grading of Fabrics Used for Inflatable
1
Restraints
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5426; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 These practices cover procedures for the inspection and 2.1 ASTM Standards:
grading of coated and uncoated woven flat and one-piece D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
woven (OPW) fabrics, and for the inspection and culling of cut D6799 Terminology Relating to Inflatable Restraints
3
parts made of such fabrics, all of which are used in the 2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:
manufacture of inflatable restraint cushions. Reference Photographs of Imperfections
1.2 For ease of reference, the scope, summary of practice,
3. Terminology
significance and use, apparatus, sampling, procedure, and
3.1 For all terminology relating to D13.20, Inflatable
report sections are listed separately for each inspection prac-
restraints, refer to Terminology D6799.
tice.
3.1.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard:
Inspection Practice Section
abrasion,airsplice,bleedthrough,blip,brokenfilament,bruise,
coating slub, coating streak, coating transfer, contamination,
Fabric Rolls 7
Cut Pieces & OPW 8
cushion, defect, filling bar, finished, foreign matter, grading,
1.3 These practices can be used to distinguish those fabric hard contamination, heavy coating streak, hole, imperfection,
imperfections that may adversely affect inflatable restraint inflatable restraint, inspection, light coating, light coating
cushion fabrication or performance from those imperfections streak, long float, loop, major imperfection, minor
imperfection, missing coating, missing yarn, misweave,
that will not.
module, rework, sharp crease, short float, short knot, soft
1.4 Procedures and apparatus other than those stated in
contamination, spit mark, stain, stitching, tight yarn, yarn
these practices may be used by agreement of the purchaser and
streak.
supplier with the specific deviations from these practices
acknowledged in the report. 3.2 For all other terms related to textiles, see Terminology
D123.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
4. Summary of Practices
only.
4.1 Rolls of finished or coated fabric are examined for
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
imperfections as the fabric traverses an inspection station.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
They are graded per Tables Tables 1-5 .
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.2 Cut pieces are inspected individually for imperfections.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
Cut pieces containing imperfections are culled from use for
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
later review.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
5. Significance and Use
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
5.1 These practices are suitable for incorporation in a
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
specification. Any reference to material or cushion specifica-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
tion in these practices shall mean any similar agreement
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
1
These practices are under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 on Textiles contact ASTM Customer Service ast service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.20 on Inflatable Restraints. Standardsvolume information, refer to the standrd’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2019. Published March 2019. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as D5426 – 12 (2017). Available from: ASTM International Headquarters. Order Adjunct No.
DOI: 10.1520/D5426-19. ADJD5426. Original adjunct produced in 1996.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5426−19
TABLE 1 Coating Non-Uniformity
Limits
Imperfection Definition
Minimum Maximum
A
Maximum Size
B
Separation Frequency
Soft the presence of mater
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5426 − 12 (Reapproved 2017) D5426 − 19
Standard Practices for
Visual Inspection and Grading of Fabrics Used for Inflatable
1
Restraints
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5426; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 These practices cover procedures for the inspection and grading of coated and uncoated woven flat and one-piece woven
(OPW) fabrics, and for the inspection and culling of cut parts made of such fabrics, all of which are used in the manufacture of
inflatable restraint cushions.
1.2 For ease of reference, the scope, summary of practice, significance and use, apparatus, sampling, procedure, and report
sections are listed separately for each inspection practice.
Inspection Practice Section
Fabric Rolls 7
Cut Pieces & OPW 8
1.3 These practices can be used to distinguish those fabric imperfections that may adversely affect inflatable restraint cushion
fabrication or performance from those imperfections that will not.
1.4 Procedures and apparatus other than those stated in these practices may be used by agreement of the purchaser and supplier
with the specific deviations from these practices acknowledged in the report.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
D6799 Terminology Relating to Inflatable Restraints
3
2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:
Reference Photographs of Imperfections
3. Terminology
3.1 For all terminology relating to D13.20, Inflatable restraints, refer to Terminology D6799.
3.1.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard: abrasion, air splice, bleedthrough, blip, broken filament, bruise, coating
slub, coating streak, coating transfer, contamination, cushion, defect, filling bar, finished, foreign matter, grading, hard
contamination, heavy coating streak, hole, imperfection, inflatable restraint, inspection, light coating, light coating streak, long
float, loop, major imperfection, minor imperfection, missing coating, missing yarn, misweave, module, rework, sharp crease, short
float, short knot, soft contamination, spit mark, stain, stitching, tight yarn, yarn streak.
1
These practices are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.20 on Inflatable Restraints.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2017Feb. 1, 2019. Published March 2017March 2019. Originally approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 20122017 as
D5426 – 12.D5426 – 12 (2017). DOI: 10.1520/D5426-12R17.10.1520/D5426-19.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service ast service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standardsvolume information, refer to the standrd’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from: ASTM International Headquarters. Order Adjunct No. ADJD5426. Original adjunct produced in 1996.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5426 − 19
3.2 For all other terms related to textiles, see Terminology D123.
4. Summary of Practices
4.1 Rolls of finished or coated fabric are examined for imperfections as the fabric traverses an inspection station. They are
graded per Tables Tables 1-5 .
4.2 Cut pieces are inspected individually for imperfections. Cut pieces containing imperfections are culled from use for later
review.
TABLE 1 Coating Non-Uniformity
Limits
Imperfection Definition
Minimum Maximum
A
Maximum Size
B
Separation Frequency
So
...
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