ASTM D2889-95(2019)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Calculation of True Vapor Pressures of Petroleum Distillate Fuels
Standard Test Method for Calculation of True Vapor Pressures of Petroleum Distillate Fuels
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The true vapor pressure of a distillate fuel is a relative measurement, both of the tendency of the most volatile portion of the fuel to gasify, and of the restraining pressure required to prevent gasification of the most volatile portion. Thus the measurement is of importance when a fuel is to be utilized in applications where no gasification may be tolerated, and temperature-pressure conditions are expected to be near the true vapor pressure of the fuel.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes the calculation of true vapor pressures of petroleum distillate fuels for which distillation data may be obtained in accordance with Test Method D86 without reaching a decomposition point prior to obtaining 90 % by volume distilled.
1.2 The test method may be used to calculate vapor pressures at temperatures between the 0 % equilibrium flash temperature and the critical temperature of the fuel. Provision is included for obtaining a calculated critical temperature for fuels for which it is not known.
1.3 Critical pressure-temperature data are usually not available for petroleum fuels. However, if both the critical pressure and critical temperature are known, the values shall be used as the coordinates in Fig. 1 to establish a critical point to be used instead of the focal point established as described in 6.5.4; and the calculations described in 6.5 through 6.5.4 are not required. If either a determined true boiling point or determined equilibrium flash vaporization temperature at 0 % distilled at atmospheric pressure is known, the determined value shall be used to establish the lower limit of the bubble-point line referred to in 6.4.
FIG. 1 Test Method D86 Distillation Temperature and Equalization Flash Vaporization Temperature Pressure Conversion Chart
1.4 The method is not reliable for distillate fuels having a boiling range of less than 100 °F (38 °C) between the Test Method D86 10 % by volume and 90 % by volume distilled temperatures.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D2889 − 95 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Test Method for
Calculation of True Vapor Pressures of Petroleum Distillate
1
Fuels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2889; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1.1 This test method describes the calculation of true vapor
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
pressures of petroleum distillate fuels for which distillation
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
data may be obtained in accordance with Test Method D86
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
without reaching a decomposition point prior to obtaining
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
90% by volume distilled.
2. Referenced Documents
1.2 The test method may be used to calculate vapor pres-
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sures at temperatures between the 0% equilibrium flash
2.1 ASTM Standards:
temperature and the critical temperature of the fuel. Provision
D86Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and
is included for obtaining a calculated critical temperature for
Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure
fuels for which it is not known.
D287Test Method forAPI Gravity of Crude Petroleum and
Petroleum Products (Hydrometer Method)
1.3 Critical pressure-temperature data are usually not avail-
2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:
able for petroleum fuels. However, if both the critical pressure
TemperaturePressureConversionChart(16by20in.draw-
and critical temperature are known, the values shall be used as
3
ings)
the coordinates in Fig. 1 to establish a critical point to be used
instead of the focal point established as described in 6.5.4; and
3. Summary of Test Method
thecalculationsdescribedin6.5through6.5.4arenotrequired.
3.1 Equilibrium flash vaporization (EFV) temperatures are
If either a determined true boiling point or determined equi-
calculatedfromdistillationdata(TestMethodD86)determined
librium flash vaporization temperature at 0% distilled at
on the sample. The distillation data, calculated EFV data, and
atmospheric pressure is known, the determined value shall be
APIgravityofthesampleareusedwithagraphicalcorrelation
used to establish the lower limit of the bubble-point line
procedure to obtain two pairs of temperature-pressure coordi-
referred to in 6.4.
natesthroughwhichthebubble-pointlineofthephasediagram
1.4 The method is not reliable for distillate fuels having a
for the sample may be drawn. The calculated true vapor
boiling range of less than 100°F (38°C) between the Test
pressure at a specified temperature is obtained by reading the
Method D86 10% by volume and 90% by volume distilled
pressure at the intersection of the bubble-point line and
temperatures.
specified temperature.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
NOTE1—Detailsoftheprocedureanddatasubstantiatingitsvalidityfor
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
establishing equilibrium flash vaporization temperatures have been pub-
4
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
lished.
and are not considered standard.
4. Significance and Use
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.1 The true vapor pressure of a distillate fuel is a relative
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
measurement,bothofthetendencyofthemostvolatileportion
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
1
This test method is under jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum the ASTM website.
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Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcom- Available from ASTM International Headquarters. Order Adjunct No.
mittee D02.04.0K on Correlative Methods. ADJD2889. Original adjunct produced in 1987.
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Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2019. Published December 2019. Originally Edmister, W. C., and Okamoto, K. K., “Applied Hydrocarbon
approved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D2889–95 (2015). Thermodynamics, Part 12: Equil
...
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