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ASTM G5-13e1

(Test Method)

Standard Reference Test Method for Making Potentiodynamic Anodic Polarization Measurements

Standard Reference Test Method for Making Potentiodynamic Anodic Polarization Measurements

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The availability of a standard procedure, standard material, and a standard plot should make it easy for an investigator to check his techniques. This should lead to polarization curves in the literature which can be compared with confidence.  
3.2 Samples of a standard ferritic Type 430 stainless steel (UNS S43000) used in obtaining standard reference plot are available for those who wish to check their own test procedure and equipment.3  
3.3 Standard potentiodynamic polarization plots are shown for a lot of material originally purchased in 1992. This test method is not applicable for standard material purchased before 1992. These reference data are based on the results from different laboratories that followed the standard procedure, using that material in 1.0 N H2SO4. The four sigma probability bands for current density values are shown at each potential to indicate the acceptable range of values.  
3.4 This test method may not be appropriate for polarization testing of all materials or in all environments.  
3.5 This test method is intended for use in evaluating the accuracy of a given electrochemical test apparatus, not for use in evaluating materials performance. Therefore, the use of the plots in Fig. 1 is not recommended to evaluate alloys other than Type 430, or lots of Type 430 other than those available through Metal Samples. The use of the data in this test method in this manner is beyond the scope and intended use of this test method. Users of this test method are advised to evaluate test results relative to the scatter bands corresponding to the particular lot of Type 430 stainless steel that was tested.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers an experimental procedure for checking experimental technique and instrumentation. If followed, this test method will provide repeatable potentiodynamic anodic polarization measurements that will reproduce data determined by others at other times and in other laboratories provided all laboratories are testing reference samples from the same lot of Type 430 stainless steel.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Jan-2013
ICS
71.040.50 - Physicochemical methods of analysis
Technical Committee
G01 - Corrosion of Metals
Drafting Committee
G01.11 - Electrochemical Measurements in Corrosion Testing
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM G5-13 - Standard Reference Test Method for Making Potentiodynamic Anodic Polarization Measurements
Effective Date
01-Feb-2013
Replaced By
ASTM G5-13e2 - Standard Reference Test Method for Making Potentiodynamic Anodic Polarization Measurements
Effective Date
01-Feb-2013
Referred By
ASTM G127-15(2023) - Standard Guide for the Selection of Cleaning Agents for Oxygen-Enriched Systems
Effective Date
01-Feb-2013
Referred By
ASTM G189-07(2021)e1 - Standard Guide for Laboratory Simulation of Corrosion Under Insulation
Effective Date
01-Feb-2013
Referred By
ASTM G192-08(2020)e1 - Standard Test Method for Determining the Crevice Repassivation Potential of Corrosion-Resistant Alloys Using a Potentiodynamic-Galvanostatic-Potentiostatic Technique
Effective Date
01-Feb-2013
Referred By
ASTM G180-23 - Standard Test Method for Corrosion Inhibiting Admixtures for Steel in Concrete by Polarization Resistance in Cementitious Slurries
Effective Date
01-Feb-2013
Referred By
ASTM F1624-12(2018) - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Hydrogen Embrittlement Threshold in Steel by the Incremental Step Loading Technique
Effective Date
01-Feb-2013
Referred By
ASTM F1875-98(2022) - Standard Practice for Fretting Corrosion Testing of Modular Implant Interfaces: Hip Femoral Head-Bore and Cone Taper Interface
Effective Date
01-Feb-2013
Referred By
ASTM F3044-20 - Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Potential for Galvanic Corrosion for Medical Implants
Effective Date
01-Feb-2013
Referred By
ASTM G100-89(2021) - Standard Test Method for Conducting Cyclic Galvanostaircase Polarization
Effective Date
01-Feb-2013
Referred By
ASTM G108-23 - Standard Test Methods for Electrochemical Reactivation (EPR) for Detecting Sensitization of AISI Type 304 and 304L Stainless Steels
Effective Date
01-Feb-2013
Referred By
ASTM F2129-19a - Standard Test Method for Conducting Cyclic Potentiodynamic Polarization Measurements to Determine the Corrosion Susceptibility of Small Implant Devices
Effective Date
01-Feb-2013
Referred By
ASTM G208-12(2020) - Standard Practice for Evaluating and Qualifying Oilfield and Refinery Corrosion Inhibitors Using Jet Impingement Apparatus
Effective Date
01-Feb-2013
Referred By
ASTM G59-23 - Standard Test Method for Conducting Potentiodynamic Polarization Resistance Measurements
Effective Date
01-Feb-2013
Referred By
ASTM G215-17 - Standard Guide for Electrode Potential Measurement
Effective Date
01-Feb-2013

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ASTM G5-13e1 - Standard Reference Test Method for Making Potentiodynamic Anodic Polarization Measurements
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
´1
Designation: G5 − 13
StandardReference Test Method for
Making Potentiodynamic Anodic Polarization
1
Measurements
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G5; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Updated research report footnote in Section 7 editorially in August 2013.
1. Scope investigator to check his techniques. This should lead to
polarization curves in the literature which can be compared
1.1 This test method covers an experimental procedure for
with confidence.
checking experimental technique and instrumentation. If
followed, this test method will provide repeatable potentiody- 3.2 Samples of a standard ferritic Type 430 stainless steel
namic anodic polarization measurements that will reproduce (UNS S43000) used in obtaining standard reference plot are
data determined by others at other times and in other labora- available for those who wish to check their own test procedure
3
tories provided all laboratories are testing reference samples and equipment.
from the same lot of Type 430 stainless steel.
3.3 Standard potentiodynamic polarization plots are shown
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded for a lot of material originally purchased in 1992. This test
asstandard.Nootherunitsofmeasurementareincludedinthis method is not applicable for standard material purchased
standard. before1992.Thesereferencedataarebasedontheresultsfrom
different laboratories that followed the standard procedure,
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
usingthatmaterialin1.0NH SO .Thefoursigmaprobability
2 4
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
bands for current density values are shown at each potential to
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
indicate the acceptable range of values.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.4 Thistestmethodmaynotbeappropriateforpolarization
testing of all materials or in all environments.
2. Referenced Documents
3.5 This test method is intended for use in evaluating the
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
accuracy of a given electrochemical test apparatus, not for use
E1338Guide for Identification of Metals and Alloys in
in evaluating materials performance. Therefore, the use of the
Computerized Material Property Databases
plotsinFig.1isnotrecommendedtoevaluatealloysotherthan
G3Practice for Conventions Applicable to Electrochemical
Type 430, or lots of Type 430 other than those available
Measurements in Corrosion Testing
through Metal Samples.The use of the data in this test method
G107Guide for Formats for Collection and Compilation of
inthismannerisbeyondthescopeandintendeduseofthistest
Corrosion Data for Metals for Computerized Database
method. Users of this test method are advised to evaluate test
Input
results relative to the scatter bands corresponding to the
particular lot of Type 430 stainless steel that was tested.
3. Significance and Use
4. Apparatus
3.1 The availability of a standard procedure, standard
material, and a standard plot should make it easy for an
4.1 The test cell should be constructed to allow the follow-
ing items to be inserted into the solution chamber: the test
electrode, two auxiliary electrodes, a Luggin capillary with
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G01 on
salt-bridge connection to the reference electrode, inlet and
Corrosion of Metals and is the direct responsibility of G01.11 on Electrochemical
outletforaninertgas,andathermometer.Thetestcellshallbe
Measurements in Corrosion Testing.
constructed of materials that will not corrode, deteriorate, or
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2013. Published February 2013. Originally
approved in 1969. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as G5–12. DOI:
otherwise contaminate the test solution.
10.1520/G0005-13E01.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
3
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM These standard samples are available from Metal Samples, 152 Metal Samples
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Rd., Mumford,AL 36268. Generally, one sample can be repolished and reused for
the ASTM website. many runs. This procedure is suggested to conserve the available material.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
´1
G5−13
2
CURRENT DENSITY (µA/cm )
FIG. 1 Typical Standard Potentiodynamic Anodic Pol
...

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Standard Reference Test Method for Making Potentiodynamic Anodic Polarization Measurements

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The availability of a standard procedure, standard material, and a standard plot should make it easy for an investigator to check his techniques. This should lead to polarization curves in the literature which can be compared with confidence.  
3.2 Samples of a standard ferritic Type 430 stainless steel (UNS S43000) used in obtaining standard reference plot are available for those who wish to check their own test procedure and equipment.3  
3.3 Standard potentiodynamic polarization plots are shown for a lot of material originally purchased in 1992. This reference test method is not applicable for standard material purchased before 1992. These reference data are based on the results from different laboratories that followed the standard procedure, using that material in 1.0 N H2SO4. The four sigma probability bands for current density values are shown at each potential to indicate the acceptable range of values.  
3.4 This reference test method may not be appropriate for polarization testing of all materials or in all environments.  
3.5 This reference test method is intended for use in evaluating the accuracy of a given electrochemical test apparatus, not for use in evaluating materials performance. Therefore, the use of the plots in Fig. 1 is not recommended to evaluate alloys other than Type 430, or lots of Type 430 other than those available through Metal Samples. The use of the data in this reference test method in this manner is beyond the scope and intended use of this reference test method. Users of this reference test method are advised to evaluate test results relative to the scatter bands corresponding to the particular lot of Type 430 stainless steel that was tested.
FIG. 1 Typical Standard Potentiodynamic Anodic Polarization Plot
CURRENT DENSITY (μA/cm2)
SCOPE
1.1 This reference test method covers an experimental procedure for checking experimental technique and instrumentation. If followed, this reference test method will provide repeatable potentiodynamic anodic polarization measurements that will reproduce data determined by others at other times and in other laboratories provided all laboratories are testing reference samples from the same lot of Type 430 stainless steel.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 Electrode potential measurement is an essential step in many electrochemical corrosion test methods and practices.  
5.2 The SCE has been widely specified for laboratory tests because it is reliable, accurate, simple to use, and it has been readily available. However, because this device contains mercury, and mercury has recently been banned by some governmental agencies, it may not be available in locations where mercury is banned. As a result, test methods using the SCE may not be possible in locations where mercury is banned. Therefore, it is necessary to establish an alternative reference electrode for these standards.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides the steps necessary to prepare revisions to standards that specify the saturated calomel reference electrode (SCE) for measuring or controlling electrode potentials.  
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1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
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SCOPE
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SCOPE
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1.1 This test method describes the gas chromatographic determination of purity for 1,3-propanediol (PDO). This test method was originally developed to determine the purity of 1,3-propanediol used for the application as the freeze point depressant base fluid in formulated PDO engine coolants. Use of the method for purity of PDO for other applications may be viable.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.2.1 Exception—Inch-pound units (psi) are used in Table 1, Pressure Program, Options A and B.  
1.3 Review the current Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for detailed information concerning toxicity, first aid procedures, and safety precautions.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E3358-23a(Guide)
Standard Guide for Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances Site Screening and Initial Characterization

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 PFAS are widely used in commercial and industrial applications worldwide (see Fig. 1). PFAS are of concern due to their documented persistence and their studied impacts on human health and the environmental. While there is no comprehensive source of information on the many individual PFAS substances and their functions in different applications, a range of resources are available to the practitioner. This guide provides information to assist the practitioner in navigating these challenges during the initial screening and site characterization process.
FIG. 1 Activity/Industry that may be Sources of PFAS Use and Release
Source: AEI Consultants  
4.2 The user should note that PFAS regulatory management framework at the federal and state level are evolving quickly. Therefore, consultation with legal and technical representatives with knowledge of federal, state, and local PFAS regulations is advised prior to use of this guide. Environmental audit policies or privileges may be applicable to some of the steps described in this guide (see EPA, 2000).  
4.3 Multi-step Risk Management Framework:  
4.3.1 The actions described in this guide are intended to provide a multi-step risk management framework to confirm, with reasonable certainty, that PFAS may have been used at a federally-owned, publicly-owned, or privately-owned property. This standard provides guidance on how to focus limited resources on using a multi-step process, illustrated in Fig. 2, to identify property potentially impacted by on-site or off-site uses and releases of PFAS. Section 4.5 describes the use and occurrence of PFAS. Section 4.6 describes activities at government and federal installations where PFAS use is expected. Section 4.7 broadly outlines the industry sectors where the use of PFAS has been documented (Glüge, 2020 (2), Gaines, 2022 (3)).
FIG. 2 Initial Site Screening and Characterization Flow Diagram  
4.4 PFAs History and Use:  
4.4.1 In the 1940s, industrial processes to co...
SCOPE
1.1 Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of over 7,000 manmade compounds consisting of polymeric chains of carbon bonded to fluorine atoms, usually with a polar functional group at the head. This guide recognizes that PFAS can be categorized as polymeric or nonpolymeric, collectively amounting to more than 4,700 Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS)-registered substances. Environmental concerns pertaining to PFAS are centered primarily on the perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAA), a subclass of per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances, which display extreme persistence and chain-length dependent bioaccumulation and adverse effects in biota.  
1.2 The regulatory framework for PFAS continues to evolve, both domestically and internationally. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is proceeding with a wide-ranging set of PFAS regulatory actions (EPA, 2021). While the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) does not currently recognize PFAS as hazardous substances, the statute does require actions to protect public health and the environment from contaminants and pollutants released to the environment. Other federal regulatory programs, such as the Safe Drinking Water Act are being used to address drinking water supplies adversely impacted by releases of PFAS. The Clean Water Act’s National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permitting program is tool that both federal and state regulators are using to regulate the inflows of PFAS-impacted wastewaters at both publicly-owned treatment works (POTW) and federally-owned wastewater treatment plants and the concentration of PFAS in permitted effluent. EPA continues to add additional per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances to the list of substances reportable under the federal Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) reporting program. International efforts to address per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances include Australia’s PFAS Nation...

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