CEN/TR 17608:2022
(Main)State of the art on the use of flammable refrigerant alternatives, in particular from class A3, in refrigeration, air conditioning and heat pump equipment
State of the art on the use of flammable refrigerant alternatives, in particular from class A3, in refrigeration, air conditioning and heat pump equipment
This document provides the results of a comprehensive assessment of the state of the art on the use of flammable refrigerants, in particular from class A3.
Refrigerants from class B (toxic) are excluded from this scope.
This document includes the following elements:
• A segmentation of the refrigeration, air conditioning and heat pump market, making use of existing studies and research, including an assessment of safety-related barriers to the uptake of flammable refrigerants in particular from class A3 across all relevant applications;
• An assessment of the way risk assessments is used in existing standards for refrigeration, air conditioning and heat pump equipment and in other standards and a review of available risk assessment research to be taken into account including identification of potential needs for additional research;
• Analysis of:
• the relationship between risk and increased charge;
• the acceptability of increased risk compared to the risk presented by other technologies;
• the options for additional mitigation methods if the risk increase is unacceptable;
• Review of existing standards and work programmes and identification of standards that should be further updated under existing or future standardisation requests based on relevant product safety legislation, in particular with regard to allowable charge sizes of flammable refrigerants, taking into account available technology as well as emerging research and development;
• Identification of options for performance based requirements that result from risk assessments to enable the use of all flammable substances;
• Identification of options for risk minimisation and for offering flexibility in application of mitigation measures.
eptable.
Stand der Technik über die Verwendung von brennbaren Kältemitteln, insbesondere der Klasse A3, als Alternativen in Kälte-, Klima- und Wärmepumpenanlagen
État de l'art sur l'utilisation de fluides frigorigènes inflammables de substitution, en particulier de la classe A3, dans les équipements de réfrigération, de climatisation et de pompes à chaleur
Le présent document fournit les résultats d'une évaluation complète de l'état de l'art sur l'utilisation des fluides frigorigènes inflammables, en particulier de la classe A3.
Les fluides frigorigènes de la classe B (toxiques) sont exclus du présent domaine d'application.
Le présent document comprend les éléments suivants :
• une segmentation du marché de la réfrigération, de la climatisation et des pompes à chaleur, en s'appuyant sur les études et recherches existantes, y compris une évaluation des obstacles liés à la sécurité pour l'adoption des fluides frigorigènes inflammables, en particulier ceux de la classe A3, dans toutes les applications pertinentes ;
• une évaluation de la manière dont les appréciations du risque sont utilisées dans les normes existantes pour les équipements de réfrigération, de climatisation et de pompes à chaleur et dans d'autres normes, ainsi qu'un examen des recherches disponibles à prendre en compte en matière d'appréciation du risque, y compris l'identification de l'éventuelle nécessité de recherches supplémentaires ;
• l'analyse de :
• la relation entre le risque et l'augmentation de la charge ;
• l'acceptabilité du risque accru par rapport au risque présenté par d'autres technologies ;
• les options relatives aux méthodes d'atténuation supplémentaires si l'augmentation du risque est inacceptable ;
• un examen des normes et des programmes de travail existants et l'identification des normes qu'il convient de mettre à jour dans le cadre des demandes de normalisation existantes ou futures, sur la base de la législation pertinente en matière de sécurité des produits, en particulier en ce qui concerne les capacités de charge admissibles des fluides frigorigènes inflammables, en tenant compte des technologies disponibles ainsi que des activités de recherche et développement émergentes ;
• l'identification d'options pour les exigences fondées sur les performances qui résultent des appréciations du risque afin de permettre l'utilisation de toutes les substances inflammables ;
• l'identification d'options permettant de réduire les risques au minimum et d'offrir une certaine flexibilité dans l'application des mesures d'atténuation.
Stanje tehnike na področju uporabe vnetljivih nadomestnih hladilnih sredstev, zlasti iz razreda A3, v opremi za hlajenje, klimatizacijo in toplotnih črpalkah
Ta dokument podaje rezultate celovite ocene stanja tehnike na področju uporabe vnetljivih hladilnih sredstev, zlasti tistih iz razreda A3.
Hladilna sredstva iz razreda B (strupena) so izključena iz področja uporabe tega dokumenta.
To tehnično poročilo vključuje naslednje postavke:
• segmentacijo trga hladilne opreme, klimatskih naprav in toplotnih črpalk z uporabo obstoječih
študij in raziskav, vključno z oceno varnostnih ovir za vnos vnetljivih
hladilnih sredstev, zlasti tistih iz razreda A3, v vse ustrezne vrste uporabe;
• oceno načina uporabe ocen tveganja v obstoječih standardih za hladilno opremo,
klimatske naprave in toplotne črpalke ter v drugih standardih oziroma pregled razpoložljivih raziskav z oceno tveganja, ki jih je treba upoštevati, vključno z opredelitvijo morebitnih potreb po dodatnih
raziskavah;
• analizo:
– razmerja med tveganjem in povečano obremenitvijo;
– sprejemljivosti povečanega tveganja v primerjavi s tveganjem, ki ga predstavljajo druge tehnologije;
– možnosti za dodatne metode ublažitve, če je povečanje tveganja nesprejemljivo.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-junij-2022
Stanje tehnike na področju uporabe vnetljivih nadomestnih hladilnih sredstev,
zlasti iz razreda A3, v opremi za hlajenje, klimatizacijo in toplotnih črpalkah
State of the art on the use of flammable refrigerant alternatives, in particular from class
A3, in refrigeration, air conditioning and heat pump equipment
Stand der Technik über die Verwendung von brennbaren Kältemitteln, insbesondere der
Klasse A3, als Alternativen in Kälte-, Klima- und Wärmepumpenanlagen
État de l'art sur l'utilisation de fluides frigorigènes inflammables de substitution, en
particulier de la classe A3, dans les équipements de réfrigération, de climatisation et de
pompes à chaleur
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TR 17608:2022
ICS:
71.100.45 Hladiva in antifrizi Refrigerants and antifreezes
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
CEN/TR 17608
TECHNICAL REPORT
RAPPORT TECHNIQUE
April 2022
TECHNISCHER BERICHT
ICS 71.100.45
English Version
State of the art on the use of flammable refrigerant
alternatives, in particular from class A3, in refrigeration,
air conditioning and heat pump equipment
État de l'art sur l'utilisation de fluides frigorigènes Stand der Technik über die Verwendung von
inflammables de substitution, en particulier de la brennbaren Kältemitteln, insbesondere der Klasse A3,
classe A3, dans les équipements de réfrigération, de als Alternativen in Kälte-, Klima- und
climatisation et de pompes à chaleur Wärmepumpenanlagen
This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 20 March 2022. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 182.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TR 17608:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 Segmentation of the Industry Sector . 7
4.1 General. 7
4.2 Commercial applications . 7
4.2.1 Commercial Refrigeration . 7
4.2.2 Professional Refrigerated Products . 7
4.2.3 Commercial versus professional cabinets . 8
4.3 Industrial applications . 8
4.4 Chillers and heat pumps with water heat sink, indirect systems . 9
4.5 Air to air air conditioning and heat pumps . 9
4.6 Transport applications . 10
5 Current practice in the sector . 10
6 Design measures for flammable refrigerants . 12
6.1 General. 12
6.2 Design measures . 13
7 Assessment of the way risk analysis is used . 17
7.1 General. 17
7.2 Risk assessment techniques . 17
7.3 Risk acceptance criteria . 18
7.4 Assessment of the use of risk-analysis in existing standards . 19
7.5 Review of available risk assessment and potential additional research needs . 20
7.6 Analysis of relationship between risk and increased charge . 20
7.7 Acceptability of increased risk. 21
7.7.1 General. 21
7.7.2 Method of assessing risk in other applications . 22
7.8 Additional mitigation requirements . 23
7.8.1 General. 23
7.8.2 Options for additional mitigation requirements . 23
8 Relevant Legislation and Standards . 24
8.1 Relevant legislation. 24
8.2 European legislative framework . 25
8.3 Relevant standards . 25
8.3.1 General. 25
8.3.2 Risk assessment standards . 26
8.3.3 Safety standards . 27
8.3.4 Other standards . 27
8.4 Review of work programmes . 30
8.5 Identify standards that should be further developed or updated . 30
8.5.1 General. 30
8.5.2 High priority . 31
8.5.3 Medium priority . 31
8.5.4 Low priority . 32
9 Assessment of safety-related barriers . 32
9.1 European Directives . 32
9.2 Competence of service personnel – EN13313 . 32
9.3 National and regional regulations . 33
9.4 EN 378 . 33
9.5 IEC 60335-2-40 . 34
9.6 IEC 60335-2-89 . 34
9.7 Transport refrigeration . 34
10 Options . 34
10.1 Options for additional mitigation requirements . 34
10.2 Options for performance based requirements . 38
10.3 Options for risk minimisation . 38
10.4 Options for installation, operation, service, and decommissioning . 38
10.4.1 Charge size limits . 38
10.4.2 Associated risk mitigation requirements . 38
10.4.3 Design of rooms . 39
10.4.4 Marking of installation . 39
10.4.5 Additional measures to ensure ongoing risk mitigation . 39
11 Recommendation . 39
Annex A (informative) Risk analysis. 41
Annex B (informative) Segmentation of the industry sector . 88
Annex C (informative) Assessment of safety-related barriers to adoption . 94
Annex D (informative) Design measures . 99
Annex E (informative) Relevant Standards and Legislation used in this sector . 101
Annex F (informative) Review of work programmes . 105
Annex G (informative) Assessment of the way risk analysis is used. 110
Annex H (informative) Transport refrigeration . 130
Annex I (informative) Calculations and assumptions for section G.6 - Air conditioning and
heat pumps . 143
Annex J (informative) AREA CLASSIFICATION . 153
Bibliography . 155
European foreword
This document (CEN/TR 17608:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 182
“Refrigerating systems, safety and environmental requirements”, the secretariat of which is held by
DIN.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be t
...
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