FprEN ISO 14002-2

Environmental management systems - Guidelines for using ISO 14001 to address environmental aspects and conditions within an environmental topic area - Part 2: Water (ISO/FDIS 14002-2:2023)

This document gives general guidelines for organizations seeking to address water-related environmental aspects, environmental impacts, environmental conditions, and the associated risks and opportunities within an environmental management system in accordance with ISO 14001.
The document addresses issues for environmental management related to water quantity and quality, such as water withdrawal, efficient use of water, and water discharge, as well as approaches to cope with water-related events such as flooding and droughts. The document considers the interconnections of water with other environmental media and takes a holistic approach to the management of water due to its impacts on ecosystems, ecosystem services, related biodiversity, as well as human life and well-being.
This document is applicable to organizations irrespective of their size, type, financial resources, location and sector. It is applicable to all types of water and considers a life cycle perspective.

Umweltmanagementsysteme - Leitlinien für die Nutzung von ISO 14001 zur Behandlung von Umweltaspekten und -zuständen innerhalb eines Umweltthemengebiets - Teil 2: Wasser (ISO/FDIS 14002-2:2023)

Dieses Dokument enthält allgemeine Leitfäden für Organisationen, die sich mit wasserbezogenen Umwelt¬aspekten, Umweltauswirkungen, Umweltzuständen und den damit verbundenen Risiken und Chancen innerhalb eines Umweltmanagementsystems nach ISO 14001 befassen wollen.
Das Dokument behandelt Umweltmanagementthemen in Bezug auf Wassermenge und Wasserqualität, z. B. Wasserentnahme, effiziente Nutzung von Wasser, Wassereinleitung, sowie Ansätze zum Umgang mit wasserbezogenen Ereignissen wie Hochwasser und Dürren. Im Dokument werden die Zusammenhänge zwischen Wasser und anderen Umweltmedien betrachtet und es wird ein ganzheitlicher Ansatz für das Management von Wasser gewählt, da dieses Auswirkungen auf Ökosysteme, Ökosystemleistungen, die damit zusammenhängende biologische Vielfalt sowie das Leben und Wohlbefinden der Menschen hat.
Dieses Dokument gilt für Organisationen beliebiger Größe und Art, unabhängig von deren finanziellen Ressourcen, Standort und Branche. Es gilt für alle Arten von Wasser und bezieht eine Lebenswegbetrachtung mit ein.

Systèmes de management environnemental - Lignes directrices pour l’utilisation de l’ISO 14001 afin de prendre en compte les conditions et aspects environnementaux dans le cadre d’une thématique environnementale donnée - Partie 2: Eau (ISO/FDIS 14002-2:2023)

Le présent document donne des lignes directrices à l’attention des organismes qui souhaitent aborder les aspects environnementaux, les impacts environnementaux, les conditions environnementales en lien avec l’eau, ainsi que les risques et opportunités associés dans le cadre d’un système de management environnemental conforme à l’ISO 14001.
Le document aborde les questions de management environnemental liées à la quantité et à la qualité de l’eau, telles que le prélèvement d’eau, l’utilisation efficiente de l’eau et les rejets liquides, ainsi que les approches pour faire face aux événements liés à l’eau, tels que les inondations et les sécheresses. Le document prend en compte les interconnexions de l’eau avec d’autres milieux environnementaux et adopte une approche holistique de la gestion de l’eau en raison de ses impacts sur les écosystèmes, les services écosystémiques, la biodiversité associée, ainsi que sur la vie et le bien-être des êtres humains.
Le présent document s’applique aux organismes, quels que soient leur taille, leur type, leurs ressources financières, leur localisation et leur secteur d’activité. Il est applicable à tous les types d’eaux et prend en compte la perspective du cycle de vie.

Sistemi ravnanja z okoljem - Smernice za uporabo ISO 14001 pri upoštevanju okoljskega vidika in pogojev znotraj okoljskih tematskih področij - 2. del: Voda

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• Publication Date: 16-Oct-2023
• ICS: 03.100.70 - Management systems
• ICS: 13.020.10 - Environmental management
• ICS: 13.060.01 - Water quality in general
• Technical Committee: CEN/SS S26 - Environmental Management
• Drafting Committee: CEN/SS S26 - Environmental Management
• Current Stage: 6055 - CEN Ratification completed (DOR) - Publishing
• Start Date: 14-May-2023
• Completion Date: 14-May-2023
• Ref Project: kSIST fprEN ISO 14002-2:2023 - Environmental management systems - Guidelines for using ISO 14001 to address environmental aspects and conditions within an environmental topic area - Part 2: Water

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO 14002-2:2022
01-maj-2022
Sistemi ravnanja z okoljem - Smernice za uporabo ISO 14001 pri upoštevanju
okoljskega vidika in pogojev znotraj okoljskih tematskih področij - 2. del: Voda
(ISO/DIS 14002-2:2022)
Environmental management systems - Guidelines for using ISO 14001 to address

environmental aspects and conditions within an environmental topic area - Part 2: Water

Umweltmanagementsysteme - Leitlinien für die Nutzung von ISO 14001 zur Behandlung

von Umweltaspekten und -zuständen innerhalb eines Umweltthemengebiets - Teil 2:
Wasser
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 14002-2
ICS:
03.100.70 Sistemi vodenja Management systems
13.020.10 Ravnanje z okoljem Environmental management
13.060.01 Kakovost vode na splošno Water quality in general
oSIST prEN ISO 14002-2:2022 en

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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oSIST prEN ISO 14002-2:2022
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oSIST prEN ISO 14002-2:2022
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 14002-2
ISO/TC 207/SC 1 Secretariat: BSI
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2022-03-23 2022-06-15
Environmental management systems — Guidelines for
using ISO 14001 to address environmental aspects and
conditions within an environmental topic area —
Part 2:
Water
ICS: 13.020.10; 03.100.70; 13.060.01
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
Reference number
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO/DIS 14002-2:2022(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. © ISO 2022
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oSIST prEN ISO 14002-2:2022
ISO/DIS 14002-2:2022(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2022

All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may

be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on

the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below

or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
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© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
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oSIST prEN ISO 14002-2:2022
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Contents Page

Foreword ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................iv

Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................v

1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1

2 Normative references ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

3 Terms and definitions .................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

4 Pl a n n i n g ac t ion s ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3

4.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3

4.2 Understanding the organization and its context related to water........................................................... 3

4.2.1 Conduct a water related review ............................................................................................................................ 3

4.2.2 R eview water related environmental aspects and impacts ........................................................ 4

4.2.3 Determine risks and opportunities that need to be addressed ............................................... 5

4.2.4 Establish a baseline .......................................................................................................................................................... 5

4.2.5 Manage change ..................................................................................................................................................................... 6

4.3 Determine appropriate actions to address risks and opportunities ..................................................... 6

5 Taking action ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 8

5.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 8

5.2 Environmental objectives ............................................................................................................................................................. 9

5.3 Support actions ................................................................................................................................................................................... 10

5.4 Operational controls ....................................................................................................................................................................... 11

5.4.1 General ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 11

5.4.2 Types of control ................................................................................................................................................................ 11

5.4.3 Life cycle perspective ..................................................................................................................................................12

5.4.4 Emergency preparedness and response ....................................................................................................12

5.5 Unintended consequences of actions taken ............................................................................................................... 13

6 Evaluating the effectiveness of actions .....................................................................................................................................14

6.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 14

6.2 M onitoring, measurement, and analysis ...................................................................................................................... 14

6.2.1 General ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 14

6.2.2 Indicators of performance ...................................................................................................................................... 15

7 Improvement .........................................................................................................................................................................................................17

Annex A (informative) Example of a public water utility - Ames Community Water System...............18

Annex B (informative) Example of a dairy cooperative - Pavitra Dairy Ltd. .........................................................22

Annex C (informative) Example of a chemical facility - AB Chemical ............................................................................25

Annex D (informative) Clarification of concepts .................................................................................................................................29

Bibliography .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................30

iii
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Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards

bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out

through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical

committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International

organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.

ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of

electrotechnical standardization.

The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are

described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the

different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the

editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of

patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of

any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or

on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).

Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not

constitute an endorsement.

For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and

expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to

the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see

www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.

This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 207, Environmental Management,

Subcommittee SC 1, Environmental management systems.
A list of all parts in the ISO 14002 series can be found on the ISO website.

Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A

complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
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oSIST prEN ISO 14002-2:2022
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Introduction
0.1 Background

Water is a critical element for the functioning of all living systems on earth and therefore also for human

life and wellbeing. Ecosystems and related biodiversity, also seen as natural capital, can only produce

their multiple values and provide their natural services when appropriately preserved, their resilience

maintained, and the respective planetary boundaries respected by economy and society. Protection of

water resources is an integral part of sustainable development and is essential for achieving the United

Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), specifically SDG 6 - clean water and sanitation and SDG

14 - life below water. Furthermore, protection of water resources has an indirect impact on SDG 2 - zero

hunger, SDG12 - responsible consumption and production, SDG13 - climate action, and SDG15 - life on

land.

Many organizations apply the general ISO 14001 framework to manage their interactions with the

environment. This document provides guidance and examples focused on applying the ISO 14001

framework to address water related environmental aspects, as well as environmental conditions that

can have an effect on the organization. It supports organizations to plan action(s) where needed in

relation to environmental impacts, and to water dependencies and vulnerabilities at their site(s), in the

watershed, and in the life cycle of their products and services. This includes strategic planning and

taking actions about:

— protecting aquatic ecosystems and ecosystem services as well as related ecosystems contributing

to water balance (e.g. forests);
— protecting water supplies and ensuring water availability;
— minimizing the use of water and water consumption;
— protecting and enhancing water quality;

— adapting and responding to water related environmental conditions, such as seawater rise, changing

precipitation patterns, or gradual changes in water availability and quality; and

— preparing for foreseeable water related events, such as flooding and droughts.

This document is designed for compatibility with other standards related to sustainable use and

protection of water resources. It follows the same approach and order of elements as ISO 14001 but

does not address every clause.

0.2 Risk-based approach towards water related environmental impacts and water dependency

The document refers to water related environmental impacts and water dependencies including an

organization’s supply chain, when reasonable. When applying this guidance, organizations should take

a risk-based approach that addresses:

— potential adverse impacts on water resources and aquatic ecosystems, originating from their

activities or, if appropriate, their supply chains, and

— potential effects on the organization itself, related to the dependency on, and vulnerability to, water.

This can include acute and chronic physical threats (e.g., from extreme events like the flooding of an

organization’s premises, or the accumulation of pollution in an organization’s water supply) as well as

transitional risks and opportunities related to actual or potential changes in regulation, technology,

the market, or to the organization’s reputation, and opportunities for contributions to sustainable

development from a life cycle perspective.
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The magnitude of water related risks and opportunities is influenced by various context-related factors

(e.g., climatic, geographical, ecological, socio-economic factors, water footprint of the organization, or

applicable compliance obligations), including:

— an organization’s vulnerability to water scarcity, water quality, changes in ecosystem services,

flooding, and climate change;

— the condition or quality of water bodies or aquatic ecosystems an organization can have an impact

on or depends upon;

— increasing competition for water use or conflict over safe access to water resources in a particular

location;

— the condition of infrastructures, including water supply and wastewater treatment.

0.3 Holistic approach to the management of water

An environmental management system according to ISO 14001 requires an organization to evaluate its

activities, products, and services in order to determine its significant environmental aspects as well as

relevant risks and opportunities that need to be addressed. This process involves applying a life cycle

perspective as part of a comprehensive evaluation of the various impacts an organization can have on

the environment and how it depends on it.

An organization that intends to focus its environmental management efforts on water should recognize

the interrelations of water with other environmental media and respective ecosystems. It should be

aware that the actions it plans and implements to improve water quality or availability could incur

adverse impacts on other environmental media like soil and air, or impacts on terrestrial ecosystems.

For example, aeration basins or ponds used in wastewater treatment can emit volatile organic

compounds to air, and taking action to enhance biodegradation of trichloroethylene in contaminated

groundwater can lead to the formation of daughter products such as vinyl chloride that are even more

hazardous in the ecosystem, and to humans. To avoid such unintended consequences, this document

encourages an organization to take a holistic approach when managing water.

Figure 1 shows how ISO 14001 and standards in the ISO 14002 series can be applied using a holistic

approach.
Figure 1 — Interaction between ISO 14001 and ISO 14002 series of standards
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oSIST prEN ISO 14002-2:2022
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0.4 Using ISO 14002-2 to address water related risks and opportunities within an environmental

management system

An organization can use ISO 14002-2 to help determine how best to address risks and opportunities

associated with its water related environmental aspects or conditions. This can be related to, for

example:

— specific commitment(s) in the organization’s environmental policy. e.g., related to prevention of

water pollution, efficient use of water, preservation of aquatic ecosystems and related biodiversity,

or sustainable use of marine ecosystem services;

— one or more of its significant environmental aspects or compliance obligations related to water use,

water conservation, water pollution, aquatic ecosystems and species, ecosystem services, etc.;

— compliance with applicable legal requirements and permits; and

— specific risks and opportunities that need to be addressed for water related environmental

conditions.

The guidance provided in ISO 14002-2 includes four case studies of organizations applying the

ISO 14001 framework to address water related environmental aspects and environmental conditions.

The organizations in these case studies are fictional, and serve as illustrative examples in diverse

contexts, including different industry sectors known to have water related environmental aspects, and

different geographic locations and environmental conditions. These cases are provided to illustrate

how this document could be applied, with examples from different settings and perspectives, and are

not intended as models or templates for applying ISO 14001 or ISO 14002-2.

The first of these cases represents a paper mill and is incorporated in the main body of the document,

with examples shown in each clause as appropriate. The other three cases, representing a water

utility, a dairy cooperative, and a chemical manufacturing facility are provided for further reference in

Annexes A, B, and C. Annex D clarify the usage of some concepts and wordings in this standard, and is

recommended to read to correctly understand these concepts and wordings.
0.5 Benefits
The benefits of applying ISO 14002-2 can include:

— fulfilling compliance obligations related to water withdrawal, water consumption, and water

quality, and supporting public policies;

— enhancing environmental performance and fostering resilient ecosystems by achieving

environmental objectives through the management of water related environmental aspects;

— protecting the environment through prevention or mitigation of adverse impacts on water resources

and ecosystems;

— preventing and mitigating water related business risks and leveraging opportunities in an

organization’s operations and its supply chain, in response to changing environmental conditions

— aligning the environmental management system with the organization’s strategic direction, e.g., to

support specific environmental policy or organizational commitments related to sustainable use

and protection of water resources; and
— Supporting water related Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

— contributing to compliance with international agreements and conventions related to water as well

as the transition to a circular economy (reuse and recycling of water).

These benefits can also lead to cost reductions, security of supply and production, better relations with

relevant interested parties, improved public image, or the maintenance of a social “license to operate”.

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oSIST prEN ISO 14002-2:2022
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 14002-2:2022(E)
Environmental management systems — Guidelines for
using ISO 14001 to address environmental aspects and
conditions within an environmental topic area —
Part 2:
Water
1 Scope

This document is intended for organizations seeking to address water related environmental aspects,

environmental conditions, and the associated risks and opportunities within an environmental

management system according to ISO 14001.

The document addresses issues for environmental management related to water quantity and quality,

such as water withdrawal, efficient use of water, and water discharge, as well as approaches to cope

with water related events like flooding and droughts. The document considers the interconnections of

water with other environmental media and takes a holistic approach to the management of water due

to its impacts on ecosystems, ecosystem services, related biodiversity, as well as human life and well-

being.

This document provides general guidance and applies to organizations irrespective of their size, type,

financial resources, location, and sector. It is applicable to all types of water and considers a life cycle

perspective.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references.
3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 14001 and the following apply.

ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:

— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
environmental topic area

area of interest or concern for environmental management in an organization in relation to its

surroundings
[SOURCE: ISO 14002-1, 3.1]
3.2
environmental aspect

element of an organization’s activities or products or services that interacts or can interact with the

environment

Note 1 to entry: An environmental aspect can cause (an) environmental impact(s). A significant environmental

aspect is one that has or can have one or more significant environmental impact(s).

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oSIST prEN ISO 14002-2:2022
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Note 2 to entry: Significant environmental aspects are determined by the organization applying one or more

criteria.
[SOURCE: ISO 14001:2015, 3.2.2]
3.3
environmental condition

state or characteristic of the environment as determined at a certain point in time

[SOURCE: ISO 14001:2015, 3.2.3]
3.4
environmental impact

change to the environment, whether adverse or beneficial, wholly or partially resulting from an

organization’s environmental aspects
[SOURCE: ISO 14001:2015, 3.2.4]
3.5
risks and opportunities

potential adverse effects (threats) and potential beneficial effects (opportunities)

[SOURCE: ISO 14001:2015, 3.2.11]
3.6
life cycle

consecutive and interlinked stages of a product (or service) system, from raw material acquisition or

generation from natural resources to final disposal

Note 1 to entry: The life cycle stages include acquisition of raw materials, design, production, transportation/

delivery, use, end-of-life treatment and final disposal.
[SOURCE: ISO 14001:2015, 3.3.3]
3.7
water consumption

the organization’s portion of water use that is neither returned to the original water source after being

withdrawn nor available for reclamation
[SOURCE: ISO 46001:2019, 3.31, Note 1 deleted]
3.8
ecosystem

dynamic complex of plant, animal and micro-organism communities, and their non-living environment

interacting as a functional entity

EXAMPLE Deserts, coral reefs, wetlands, rain forests, boreal forests, grasslands, urban parks, cultivated

farmlands.
Note 1 to entry: Ecosystems can be influenced by human activity.
[SOURCE: ISO 14008:2019, 3.1.6]
3.9
ecosystem service
benefit people obtain from ecosystems

Note 1 to entry: These are generally distinguished into provisioning, regulating, supporting and cultural

services. Ecosystem services include the provisioning of goods (e.g., food, fuel, raw materials, fibre), regulating

services (e.g., climate regulation, disease control), and non-material benefits (cultural services) (e.g., spiritual

or aesthetic benefits). The supporting services are necessary for the production of all other ecosystem services

(e.g., soil formation, nutrient cycling, water cycling) and are also referred to as “ecosystem functions”.

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Note 2 to entry: Ecosystem services are sometimes called “environmental services” or “ecological services”.

[SOURCE: ISO 14008:2019, 3.2.11]
4 Planning actions
4.1 General

An organization that has an interest in sustainable use and protection of water resources, or that

can have significant environmental impacts associated with water should gain commitment from its

leadership, and from related interested parties where relevant, and undertake a process to identify and

plan appropriate actions to address water related risks and opportunities. This can involve a review of

information and circumstances to:
— gain an understanding of the organization’s context in relation to water, and

— establish baselines for water-related environmental performance and conditions.

An organization can benefit from taking a broad perspective in this review, considering activities that

are directly connected to the water balance of the organization, its sites or units (i.e. related to water

inputs and outputs), and other environmental aspects such as releases to soil or emissions to air (e.g.,

particulate matter, acid rain precursors, etc.) that can lead to water pollution.

4.2 Understanding the organization and its context related to water
4.2.1 Conduct a water related review

When deciding on appropriate actions to address water related risks and opportunities, an organization

should review and consider its internal and external issues and circumstances in relation to water

use, dependency, vulnerabilities, and related compliance obligations to be addressed in its EMS. This

consideration should also include taking a life cycle perspective of an organization’s activities, products,

and services including water related impacts in their supply chain.

Gathering detailed information can be useful as the basis for identifying risks and opportunities that

need to be addressed, including related strategies, objectives, and targets.

Important information for review related to water can include operational and watershed related

information, and information related to the organization's environmental aspects and impacts, for

example:

— quantity of water used (water withdrawn, consumed, or returned to the original water source);

— characteristics of wastewater generated, e.g., the level of treatment and effluent quality;

— quality of water required for the organization’s activities;
— status of water availability, extraction, and impacts on access to water;

— geographic features or characteristics of the site (e.g., catchment, drainage, or river basin);

— local water sources, river basin, and catchment information (e.g., water balance, water quality,

important water related areas, other water users, and governance framework) considering national

and transboundary situations;
— interested parties and their relevant needs or expectations;
— sensitivity of ecosystems to changes in water quantity and quality;

— specific compliance obligations (e.g., permits, licenses, voluntary agreements);

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oSIST prEN ISO 14002-2:2022
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— situations that can lead to overexploitation of aquatic ecosystems (e.g. overfishing, mass tourism,

energy production) and

— identified water related events that can affect the organization (e.g., floods, drought, threats to

water quality, and consequences of climate change).
4.2.2 Review water related environmental aspects and impacts
When deciding on the appropriate actions to address water related risks
...