EN 923:2005
(Main)Adhesives - Terms and definitions
Adhesives - Terms and definitions
This European Standard defines terms used in the adhesive industry and terms relating to adhesives in those industries that use adhesives.
Klebstoffe - Benennungen und Definitionen
Diese Norm definiert Begriffe, die in der Klebstoffindustrie verwendet werden, sowie Begriffe, die sich in der klebstoffverarbeitenden Industrie auf Klebstoffe beziehen.
Adhésifs - Termes et définitions
La présente Norme européenne définit les termes utilisés dans l’industrie des adhésifs ainsi que ceux y
afférant et qui sont usités dans les industries utilisatrices d’adhésifs.
Lepila – Izrazi in definicije
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-januar-2006
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 2243-2:1998
SIST EN 923:1999
Lepila – Izrazi in definicije
Adhesives - Terms and definitions
Klebstoffe - Benennungen und Definitionen
Adhésifs - Termes et définitions
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 923:2005
ICS:
01.040.83 Gumarska industrija in Rubber and plastics
industrija polimernih industries (Vocabularies)
materialov (Slovarji)
83.180 Lepila Adhesives
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 923
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
October 2005
ICS 83.180 Supersedes EN 923:1998
English Version
Adhesives - Terms and definitions
Adhésifs - Termes et définitions Klebstoffe - Benennungen und Definitionen
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 12 September 2005.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 923:2005: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
Foreword .3
Introduction.4
1 Scope .5
2 Terms and definitions.5
2.1 Adhesives.5
2.2 Functional adhesive components.9
2.3 Chemical base products.12
2.4 Adhesive properties.20
2.5 Material and material treatment .24
2.6 Bonding .26
2.7 Bond properties .32
Annex A (informative) Adhesives.36
Annex B (informative) Adhesives joints .38
Foreword
This European Standard (EN 923:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 193
“Adhesives”, the secretariat of which is held by AENOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2006, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the
latest by April 2006.
This European Standard supersedes EN 923:1998.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland
and United Kingdom.
Introduction
This European Standard comprises terms peculiar to, or in general use in, the adhesive and adhesive
processing industry.
The terms defined have been classified so that, as far as possible, related concepts (adhesives, functional
adhesive components, chemical base products, adherents, adhesives properties, bonding, and bond
properties) are grouped together. All definitions are numbered and an alphabetical index which includes all
terms is provided at the end of this European Standard.
The numbering of the individual definitions is the same in all three versions (English, French and German) of
this European Standard. Consequently this European Standard can be used as a dictionary, combined with
one or both of the other versions as an aid for translation of terms into French or German, as a source of
information about related concepts in the adhesive industry or to provide a term for a concept.
In order to find:
a) the definition of a term; look up the term in the alphabetical index at the end of this European Standard.
The index will refer to the number in this European Standard. The definition, the term and any synonyms
appear by the number;
b) information about related terms; look up the term in the alphabetical index to find its number in this
European Standard. When the term has been located in this European Standard, the related concepts
can be found in the same subdivision;
c) the translation of a term into the French or German language; look up the number of this term in this
European Standard and locate the translation of the term and the definition under the same number in the
standard of the foreign version.
1 Scope
This European Standard defines terms used in the adhesive industry and terms relating to adhesives in those
industries that use adhesives.
2 Terms and definitions
2.1 Adhesives
2.1.1
adhesive
non-metallic substance capable of joining materials by surface bonding (adhesion), and the bond possessing
adequate internal strength (cohesion)
NOTE Many adhesives names refer to their main functional components;
the physical nature of the adhesive.
Table A.1 lists main binders, temperature and mode of setting of these adhesives and the number of parts that have to be
mixed before use. Some other names refer to
the method of application, or
mode of setting.
Furthermore adhesives are named according to points of less significance:
field of application (e.g. footwear adhesive, construction adhesive, packaging adhesive),
material to bond (e.g. paper adhesive, wood adhesive, wall paper adhesive, rubber adhesive),
place of application (e.g. in situ adhesive),
speed of setting (e.g. instant adhesive),
bond properties (e.g. structural adhesive),
shape (e.g. powder adhesive, pearl glue, table glue for solid glue, adhesive film for shaped adhesive, or stick
adhesive for stick shaped adhesives), or
aspect (e.g. white glue).
2.1.2
water-borne adhesive; aqueous adhesive
adhesive in which the solvent, or the continuous phase is water
2.1.3
glue
aqueous adhesive specifically designed for bonding of wood and other porous substrates
NOTE A glue can be based on a natural product like protein or synthetic resins (UF, PF or PVAC, see 2.3.51, 2.3.52
and 2.3.30 respectively)
2.1.4
paste adhesive
adhesive of a non-stringy, highly viscous nature
NOTE Paste adhesives based on starch or cellulose ethers are usually applied for paper bonding (e.g. paper bags or
wall paper), based on synthetic polymers for bonding floor coverings.
2.1.5
dispersion adhesive
adhesive consisting of a stable dispersion of a polymer in a liquid continuous phase, usually water
NOTE Dispersion adhesives containing an elastomer as polymer conventionally are often termed "latex".
2.1.6
emulsion adhesive
adhesive consisting of a stable emulsion of a liquid hydrophobic resin in water
2.1.7
solvent-borne adhesive; solution adhesive, solvent-based adhesive
adhesive in which the binder is dissolved in a volatile organic solvent
NOTE In practice solvents used for solvent-borne adhesives have boiling points below 170 °C at 101,3 kPa and a
vapour pressure greater than 50 Pa at 20 °C and, if flammable, a flash point below 55 °C.
2.1.8
solvent free adhesive
adhesive that is substantially free from organic solvents (see 2.1.7)
NOTE "Substantially free" means that organic solvents have neither been added in the basic elements of an
adhesive nor during its process of manufacture out of these basic elements. "Low solvent adhesives" contain at most 5 %
of solvents based on total weight of the adhesive.
2.1.9
plastisol adhesive
adhesive material formed by the dispersion of a polymer in a plasticizer such that, when the dispersion is
heated, the polymer dissolves irreversibly in the plasticizer to form a solution that solidifies on cooling
2.1.10
toughened adhesive
adhesive which by virtue of its physical structure discourages propagation of cracks
NOTE The toughening can be achieved, for example, by the creation of a discrete elastomeric phase within the
adhesive matrix.
2.1.11
spray adhesive
adhesive that is projected in small particles by means of a pressure medium
2.1.12
gap-filling adhesive
adhesive designed for filling wider gaps between uneven surfaces
NOTE For high strength load-bearing purposes, e.g. in the car industry, the adhesive will provide satisfactory bond
strength in bond-lines up to 1 mm in thickness. For the construction industry, high solid adhesives designed for use
between uneven surfaces and to bond satisfactorily in gaps up to 6 mm are used.
2.1.13
sealant
adhesive material, used to fill gaps where movement can occur in service and which, when set, has elastic
properties
NOTE The term "sealant" is also used for a material filling a void against the ingress or egress of a fluid under
pressure.
2.1.14
film adhesive
adhesive in film form, with or without a carrier
NOTE Film adhesives set usually by means of heat under pressure.
2.1.15
foaming adhesive
adhesive designed to foam in situ, after application, in order to provide extensive gap-filling properties
2.1.16
unsupported film adhesive
adhesive supplied in sheet, film or web, without an incorporated carrier
2.1.17
supported film adhesive
adhesive supplied in sheet or film form with an incorporated carrier that remains in the bond when the
adhesive is applied and used
NOTE The carrier can be woven or non-woven material consisting of organic or inorganic fibres.
2.1.18
adhesive tape
flexible backing or carrier coated with a pressure-sensitive, remoistable, or heat activatable adhesive
2.1.19
transfer tape
carrier coated with a pressure-sensitive adhesive which, when detached from the substrate, permits the
carrier to be removed leaving only the adhesive
2.1.20
double coated adhesive tape; double sided adhesive tape
tape where the adhesive is applied on both sides of the carrier
2.1.21
multiple-layer adhesive
film adhesive, usually supported with a different adhesive composition on each side
NOTE Multiple-layer adhesives are designed to bond dissimilar materials.
2.1.22
encapsulated adhesive
adhesive in which particles or droplets of the adhesive or an adhesive component are enclosed in a protective
film (microcapsules) usually to prevent cross-linking until the film is destroyed by suitable means
2.1.23
one-way stick adhesive
adhesive that is applied to only one of the adherends
2.1.24
separate application adhesive
adhesive consisting of different components which are applied separately to adherends
NOTE Pressing together the components initiates a chemical reaction curing the bond-line.
2.1.25
two way stick adhesive, double spread adhesive
adhesive that is applied to both adherends
2.1.26
one part adhesive
adhesive ready for use
NOTE A one-part adhesive can require the addition of water or the presence of ambient moisture for setting.
2.1.27
two part adhesive
adhesive that consist of two separate reactive components that are mixed before use
2.1.28
multi-part adhesive
adhesive that consists of two or more separate reactive components that are mixed before use
2.1.29
contact adhesive
adhesive that is applied to both adherends and when allowed to become apparently dry will instantly develop
a firm bond when a firm but not sustained pressure is applied
NOTE "apparently dry" means that the adhesive coats are "dry to touch" at some stage in the evaporation of volatile
constituents.
2.1.30
hot melt adhesive
adhesive that is applied in the molten state and forms a bond on cooling to a solid state
2.1.31
heat activated adhesive
adhesive pre-applied to the adherends that is rendered tacky prior to use by application of heat and forms a
bond on cooling under pressure
2.1.32
heat sealing adhesive
adhesive pre-applied to one or both adherends that is activated by the application of heat and forms a bond
on cooling
NOTE Heat-sealing adhesives are commonly used in the packaging industry.
2.1.33
solvent activated adhesive
adhesive pre-applied to an adherend that is rendered
...
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