EN 16523-1:2015

Determination of material resistance to permeation by chemicals - Part 1: Permeation by liquid chemical under conditions of continuous contact

This European Standard specifies a test method for the determination of the resistance of protective clothing, gloves and footwear materials to permeation by potential hazardous liquid chemicals under the condition of continuous contact.
This test method is applicable to the assessment of protection against liquid chemicals that can be collected only by liquid or gaseous collecting media.
This test method is not adapted for the assessment of chemical mixtures, except for aqueous solutions.
This standard shall be used with the specifications given in the products standards (for examples EN 374 1 for gloves) where the following information shall be defined:
-   any pre-conditioning;
-   precise sampling (place, size, number);
-   associated levels of performance.

Bestimmung des Widerstands von Materialien gegen die Permeation von Chemikalien - Teil 1: Permeation durch eine flüssige Chemikalie unter Dauerkontakt

Diese Europäische Norm legt ein Prüfverfahren für die Bestimmung des Widerstands von Schutzkleidungsmaterial, Schutzhandschuh- und Fußschutzmaterial gegen die Permeation von möglicherweise gefahrbringenden flüssigen chemischen Stoffen bei Dauerkontakt fest.
Dieses Prüfverfahren gilt für die Beurteilung des Schutzes gegen flüssige chemische Stoffe, die nur mit flüssigen oder gasförmigen Sammelmedien erfasst werden können.
Dieses Prüfverfahren eignet sich nicht für die Beurteilung von chemischen Gemischen, ausgenommen sind wässrige Lösungen.
Diese Norm ist gemeinsam mit den in den Produktnormen angegebenen Festlegungen zu verwenden (z. B. EN 374-1 für Schutzhandschuhe), wo die folgenden Informationen festgelegt sind:
   jegliche Vorbehandlung;
   genaue Probenahme (Ort, Größe, Anzahl);
   zugeordnete Leistungsstufen.

Détermination de la résistance des matériaux à la perméation par des produits chimiques - Partie 1 : Perméation par un produit chimique liquide dans des conditions de contact continu

La présente Norme européenne spécifie une méthode d'essai pour la détermination de la résistance des matériaux utilisés dans la confection de vêtements de protection, gants et chaussures à la perméation par des produits chimiques liquides potentiellement dangereux, dans des conditions de contact continu.
La présente méthode d'essai s'applique à l'évaluation de la protection contre les produits chimiques liquides qui ne peuvent être collectés qu'au moyen d'un milieu collecteur liquide ou gazeux.
La présente méthode d'essai n'est pas adaptée à l'évaluation de mélanges de produits chimiques, à l'exception des solutions aqueuses.
La présente norme est utilisée avec les spécifications fournies dans les normes de produits (par exemple, l'EN 374 1 pour les gants), dans lesquelles les informations suivantes sont définies :
   tout préconditionnement ;
   un échantillonnage précis (endroit, taille, nombre) ;
   les niveaux de performance correspondants.

Ugotavljanje odpornosti materiala proti pronicanju kemikalij - 1. del: Pronicanje tekočih kemikalij pri pogojih neprestanega stika

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 17-Feb-2015
• Withdrawal Date: 13-Apr-2025
• ICS: 13.340.01 - Protective equipment in general
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 162 - Protective clothing including hand and arm protection and lifejackets
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 162/WG 13 - Joint Working Group between CEN/TC 162 and CEN/TC 161 - Test methods for permeation of chemicals through materials for protective footwear, gloves and clothing
• Current Stage: 9960 - Withdrawal effective - Withdrawal
• Start Date: 24-Oct-2018
• Completion Date: 14-Apr-2025
• Directive: 89/686/EEC - Council Directive 89/686/EEC of 21 December 1989 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to personal protective equipment
• Mandate: M/031 - Standardization mandate to CEN/CENELEC concerning standards for Personal Protective Equipment
• Ref Project: SIST EN 16523-1:2015 - Determination of material resistance to permeation by chemicals - Part 1: Permeation by liquid chemical under conditions of continuous contact

Relations

• Replaces: EN 374-3:2003/AC:2006 - Protective gloves against chemicals and micro-organisms - Part 3: Determination of resistance to permeation by chemicals
• Effective Date: 25-Feb-2015
• Replaces: EN 374-3:2003 - Protective gloves against chemicals and micro-organisms - Part 3: Determination of resistance to permeation by chemicals
• Effective Date: 27-Aug-2014
• Merged Into: EN 16523-1:2015+A1:2018 - Determination of material resistance to permeation by chemicals - Part 1: Permeation by potentially hazardous liquid chemicals under conditions of continuous contact
• Effective Date: 19-Jan-2023
• Amended By: EN 16523-1:2015/FprA1:2018 - Determination of material resistance to permeation by chemicals - Part 1: Permeation by potentially hazardous liquid chemicals under conditions of continuous contact
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2017

Standards Content (Sample)

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Bestimmung des Widerstands von Materialien gegen die Permeation von Chemikalien - Teil 1: Permeation von flüssigen Chemikalien unter DauerkontaktDétermination de la résistance des matériaux à la perméation par des produits chimiques - Partie 1 : Perméation par un produit chimique liquide dans des conditions de contact continuDetermination of material resistance to permeation by chemicals - Part 1: Permeation by liquid chemical under conditions of continuous contact13.340.01Varovalna oprema na splošnoProtective equipment in generalICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 16523-1:2015SIST EN 16523-1:2015en,fr,de01-junij-2015SIST EN 16523-1:2015SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 374-3:2003/AC:2006SIST EN 374-3:20031DGRPHãþD

EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 16523-1
February 2015 ICS 13.340.01 Supersedes EN 374-3:2003English Version
Determination of material resistance to permeation by chemicals - Part 1: Permeation by liquid chemical under conditions of continuous contact
Détermination de la résistance des matériaux à la perméation par des produits chimiques - Partie 1 : Perméation par un produit chimique liquide dans des conditions de contact continu
Bestimmung des Widerstands von Materialien gegen die Permeation von Chemikalien - Teil 1: Permeation durch eine flüssige Chemikalie unter Dauerkontakt This European Standard was approved by CEN on 5 December 2014.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 16523-1:2015 ESIST EN 16523-1:2015

Foreword .4 Introduction .5 1 Scope .6 2 Normative references .6 3 Terms and definitions .6 4 Test principle .9 5 Collecting media .9 5.1 Gaseous collecting medium .9 5.2 Liquid collecting medium .9 5.3 Limitation due to collecting media.9 6 Apparatus . 10 6.1 Permeation cells . 10 6.1.1 Standard permeation cell . 10 6.1.2 Alternative permeation cells . 11 6.2 Temperature controlled room, cabinet or water bath . 12 6.3 Supply of gas for gaseous collecting medium (dry air or nitrogen) . 12 6.4 Liquid pump and stirrer (in case of a liquid collecting medium) . 12 6.5 Equipment for the quantitative determination of the challenge chemical or its components in the collecting medium . 12 6.6 Time measuring device . 12 7 Test specimens . 12 8 Procedure . 13 8.1 Calibration . 13 8.2 Preparation of test specimens and apparatus . 13 8.3 Test procedure . 13 8.4 Calculation of results . 15 8.4.1 Open loop system: Permeation rate (PR) . 15 8.4.2 Closed loop system Permeation rate (PR) . 15 8.5 Expression of results . 16 8.6 Uncertainty of measurement . 16 9 Test report . 16 Annex A (informative)
Types of permeation behaviour . 18 Annex B (informative)
Physical assessment of the samples. 20 B.1 General . 20 B.2 Visual appearance . 20 B.3 Thickness . 20 B.4 Mass . 20 B.5 Hardness . 20 Annex C (informative)
Examples of appropriate techniques for the detection of chemicals. 21 Annex D (informative)
Examples of appropriate techniques to assess flow and stirring for permeation with liquid collecting medium . 22 SIST EN 16523-1:2015

Example of permeation cell . 24 Annex F (informative)
Results of the interlaboratory trials . 26 Annex ZA (informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 89/686/EEC on PPE . 27 Bibliography . 28
This method provides tests results in terms of breakthrough time. This parameter is a key measure of the effectiveness of a material to act as a barrier to the challenge chemical. Such information is used in the comparison of the performances of PPE materials during the process of selecting PPE for protection from hazardous chemicals. Long breakthrough times are characteristic of high permeation resistance. Breakthrough time does not provide a correlation between protection and the toxicity of the chemicals tested, only cumulative permeation can provide this information. It has been assumed in the drafting of this part of EN 16523 that the execution of its provisions will be entrusted to appropriately qualified and experienced people with a sound understanding of analytical chemistry. Appropriate precautions should be taken when carrying out this type of testing in order to avoid injury to health and contamination of the environment. A future part of EN 16523 will explain the use of the series of standards EN 16523. SIST EN 16523-1:2015

3.6.1 closed loop system in which the collecting medium is re-circulated or stirred through the sampling compartments of the test cell Note 1 to entry: Closed loop systems are not commonly used with gaseous collection media. 3.6.2 open loop system where the collecting medium passes through the sampling compartment of the test cell without re-circulation Note 1 to entry: Open loop systems may be used with either liquid or gaseous collection media. 3.7 minimum detectable permeation rate MDPR lowest rate of permeation that is measurable with the complete permeation-test system Note 1 to entry:
This value is not necessarily the intrinsic limit of detection for the analytical instrument. Note 2 to entry: MDPR is usually based upon 3 times the average background noise. Note 3 to entry: Useful information can be found on the following websites: — http://www.measurementuncertainty.org/guide/app_f.thml; — http://www.iupac.org/publications/pac/1997/pdf/6902x0297.pdf. 3.8 normalized breakthrough time NBT time at which the permeation rate reaches the normalization permeation rate
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1: SIST EN 16523-1:2015

Key Y
permeation rate in µg cm−2 min
a normalized permeation rate (NPR) t
time
b minimum detectable permeation rate (MDPR) 1
steady-state permeation t2 normalized breakthrough time (NBT) Figure 1 — Schematic permeation graph showing actual and normalized breakthrough times 3.9 normalized permeation rate NPR arbitrary fixed figure of 1,0 µg cm−2 min−1 Note 1 to entry: This optimized figure is a compromise between test method parameters (mixing, flow rate, detection limits, etc.) and the scientific analysis possibilities at the present time, to ensure a better repeatability and reproducibility of the test. Note 2 to entry: In some standards, the NPR is fixed at a lower concentration (for example 0,1 µg cm-2 min−1). However, the parameters of the other standards, flow rate, mixing are often less severe than the present test method. The tests are only designed to evaluate protective clothing, gloves and footwear. 3.10 permeation process by which a chemical moves through a PPE (protective clothing, gloves and footwear) material, on a molecular level (see Annex A) and which involves the following: — absorption of molecules of the chemical into the contacted (outside) surface of a material; — diffusion of the absorbed molecules in the material; — desorption of the molecules from the opposite (inside) surface of the material 3.11 permeation rate mass of challenge chemical permeating unit area of the protective clothing, gloves and footwear per unit time Note 1 to entry: The permeation rate is expressed in µg cm −2 min−1. SIST EN 16523-1:2015

Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1. Note 2 to entry: Steady-state permeation may not be achieved during the period for which permeation testing is conducted. 4 Test principle The resistance of protective clothing, gloves and footwear material to permeation by a liquid chemical is characterized by measuring through the normalized breakthrough time (NBT). In the permeation test apparatus, the protective clothing, gloves or footwear material separates the challenge chemical from the collecting medium. The collecting medium, which can be a gas or a liquid, is analysed quantitatively for its concentration of the chemical as a function of time. 5 Collecting media 5.1 Gaseous collecting medium A gaseous collecting medium is usually used under continuous flow conditions for the collection of permeating molecules that are capable of vaporizing in sufficient quantities for analysis. The gaseous collection medium shall be a gas or gas mixture which does not interfere with the detection of the challenge chemical and does not itself permeate or degrade the material under test. The quality of the gas supply shall be of sufficient consistency over the duration of the test that changes do not interfere with detection of the challenge chemical. NOTE Dry air or nitrogen are often used. 5.2 Liquid collecting medium A liquid collecting medium is usually used for the collection of permeated molecules of low volatility that are soluble in the collecting medium under the conditions of the test in sufficient quantities for analysis. Water is generally used or other liquid which does not influence the resistance of a material to permeation. NOTE Water grade 3 (EN ISO 3696) is often used. 5.3 Limitation due to collecting media It should be recognized that there are circumstances under which the above criteria are mutually exclusive. For example, when testing a PVC (polyvinyl chloride) fabric for resistance to permeation by involatile isocyanates, it will be found that the challenge chemical is insoluble in aqueous collection media and that the test fabric is readily permeated or degraded by virtually all non-aqueous liquids. Under such circumstances testing is, unfortunately, not possible. In the case of water soluble test specimen (e.g. PVAL-polyvinyl alcohol), an alternative collecting medium shall be used. It shall have no effect on the glove material. SIST EN 16523-1:2015

Key 1
sampling compartment for collecting medium 3 outlet collecting medium 2
inlet collecting medium
NOTE Dimensional deviations: ± 2 mm. Figure 2 — Important dimensions for the sampling compartment for collecting medium SIST EN 16523-1:2015

Key 1 sampling compartment for challenge chemical 2 fill pipe Figure 3 — Important dimensions for the sampling compartment for challenge chemical Dimensions in millimetres
Key 1
sample 3 challenge chemical wetting all the sample 2
seals
4 closing system NOTE The cells can be assembled horizontally or vertically. Figure 4 — Cell assembly The open ends of the sections are fitted with connecting joints. The inlet of the section containing the challenge chemical may be closed by a stopper or a valve. 6.1.2 Alternative permeation cells Alternative permeation cells may also be used, provided the precision, bias and results of the test results are found to be equivalent with the reference cell described in 6.1.1. SIST EN 16523-1:2015
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