EN 29241-3:1993/A1:2000
(Amendment)Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals (VDTs) - Part 3: Visual display requirements (ISO 9241-3:1992/AM1:2000)
Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals (VDTs) - Part 3: Visual display requirements (ISO 9241-3:1992/AM1:2000)
Ergonomische Anforderungen für Bürotätigkeiten mit Bildschirmgeräten - Teil 3: Anforderungen an visuelle Anzeigen (ISO 9241-3:1992/AM1:2000)
Dieser Anhang beschreibt ein Verfahren für die Prüfung der visuellen Leistungsfähigkeit von visuellen Anzeigen, wobei nicht der vollständige Satz physikalischer Anforderungen (in Abschnitt 5 definiert) angewendet werden kann, z.B. für neuartige Bildschirmtechnologien wie neue Arten von Flachbildschirmen (z.B. Elektroluminiszenz- und Feldemissionsbildschirme).
Exigences ergonomiques pour travail de bureau avec terminaux à écrans de visualisation (TEV) - Partie 3: Exigences relatives aux écrans de visualisation - (ISO 9241-3:1992/AM1:2000)
Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals (VDTs) - Part 3: Visual display requirements (ISO 9241-3:1992/AM1:2000)
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 29241-3:2001/A1:2001
01-junij-2001
Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals (VDTs) - Part
3: Visual display requirements (ISO 9241-3:1992/AM1:2000)
Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals (VDTs) - Part 3:
Visual display requirements (ISO 9241-3:1992/AM1:2000)
Ergonomische Anforderungen für Bürotätigkeiten mit Bildschirmgeräten - Teil 3:
Anforderungen an visuelle Anzeigen (ISO 9241-3:1992/AM1:2000)
Exigences ergonomiques pour travail de bureau avec terminaux a écrans de
visualisation (TEV) - Partie 3: Exigences relatives aux écrans de visualisation - (ISO
9241-3:1992/AM1:2000)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 29241-3:1993/A1:2000
ICS:
13.180 Ergonomija Ergonomics
35.180 Terminalska in druga IT Terminal and other
periferna oprema IT peripheral equipment
SIST EN 29241-3:2001/A1:2001 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 29241-3:2001/A1:2001
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SIST EN 29241-3:2001/A1:2001
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 29241-3:1993/A1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
December 2000
ICS 13.180; 35.080; 35.180
English version
Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display
terminals (VDTs) - Part 3: Visual display requirements (ISO
9241-3:1992/AM1:2000)
Exigences ergonomiques pour travail de bureau avec Ergonomische Anforderungen für Bürotätigkeiten mit
terminaux à écrans de visualisation (TEV) - Partie 3: Bildschirmgeräten - Teil 3: Anforderungen an visuelle
Exigences relatives aux écrans de visualisation - (ISO Anzeigen (ISO 9241-3:1992/AM1:2000)
9241-3:1992/AM1:2000)
This amendment A1 modifies the European Standard EN 29241-3:1993; it was approved by CEN on 15 December 2000.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for inclusion of this
amendment into the relevant national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such
national standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This amendment exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the
responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2000 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 29241-3:1993/A1:2000 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN 29241-3:2001/A1:2001
Page 2
EN 29241-3:1993/A1:2000
CORRECTED 2001-12-05
Foreword
The text of the Amendment ISO 9241-3:1992/AM1:2000 to the EN 29241-3:1993 has been prepared
by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159 "Ergonomics" in collaboration with CMC.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2001, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by June 2001.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg,
Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard ISO 9241-3:1992/AM1:2000 was approved by CEN as a
European Standard without any modification.
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SIST EN 29241-3:2001/A1:2001
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 9241-3
First edition
1992-07-15
AMENDMENT 1
2000-12-15
Corrected version
2002-12-15
Ergonomic requirements for office work
with visual display terminals (VDTs) —
Part 3:
Visual display requirements
AMENDMENT 1
Exigences ergonomiques pour travail de bureau avec terminaux à écrans
de visualisation (TEV) —
Partie 3: Exigences relatives aux écrans de visualisation
AMENDEMENT 1
Reference number
ISO 9241-3:1992/Amd.1:2000(E)
©
ISO 2000
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SIST EN 29241-3:2001/A1:2001
ISO 9241-3:1992/Amd.1:2000(E)
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ii © ISO 2000 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN 29241-3:2001/A1:2001
ISO 9241-3:1992/Amd.1:2000(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO
member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical
committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has
the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in
liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting.
Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this Amendment may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Amendment 1 to International Standard ISO 9241-3:1992 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159,
Ergonomics, Subcommittee SC 4, Ergonomics of human-system interaction.
This corrected version of ISO 9241-3:1992/Amd.1:2000 incorporates the following corrections.
On page 1, the phrase “Delete NOTE 11, in 7.1” has been deleted, indicating that the entire text of 7.1 has
been replaced.
The text of 7.2 e) has now been deleted.
On page 13, a new sentence has been added before “Add the following references to the Bibliography”, and
the publication date of [28] has been changed.
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SIST EN 29241-3:2001/A1:2001
ISO 9241-3:1992/Amd.1:2000(E)
Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display
terminals (VDTs) —
Part 3:
Visual display requirements
AMENDMENT 1
Pages iii and iv, Contents
Replace the titles of annex C and clauses C.2 and C.5 to C.12 with the following:
Annex C Visual performance and comfort test
C.2 Test participants
C.5 Methods
C.6 Dependent measures
C.7 Statistical treatment of results
C.8 Conformance
C.9 Critical values for Barnard's U test
Page vi, Foreword
Replace the final sentence with the following text:
Annex C forms a normative part of this part of ISO 9241. Annexes A, B and D are for information only.
Pages 15 and 16, subclause 7.1
Replace the existing text of 7.1 with the following text:
7.1 Conformance with this part of ISO 9241 is achieved by meeting all the mandatory requirements of
clause 5.
Where the physical measurements required to comply with clause 5 cannot be carried out because the display
under test uses a new technology that makes the metrological measurements difficult or impossible,
compliance is achieved by obtaining a positive result using the test method and associated mandatory
requirements specified in annex C.
Page 16, subclause 7.2
Delete 7.2 e).
Page 22, annex C
Replace annex C with the following text.
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SIST EN 29241-3:2001/A1:2001
ISO 9241-3:1992/Amd.1:2000(E)
Annex C
(normative)
Visual performance and comfort test
C.1 Principle
C.1.1 Purpose and use of test
This annex describes a procedure for testing the visual quality of VDTs where the entire set of physical
requirements (defined in clause 5) cannot be applied, for example, to novel display technologies such as new types
of flat panel display (such as electroluminescent and field emission displays). The test consists of a search task
and an assessment of visual comfort. The combination of test results will be referred to as the visual quality of a
display.
C.1.2 Intent and scenario of use
The intention behind this test method is to provide a test method for displays that cannot otherwise be tested for
conformance with this part of ISO 9241. This test method is not an alternative test method, in the sense that a
display manufacturer can choose either the physical requirements specified in clause 5 or this method. Instead, the
test method provides a testing route for displays that cannot be tested according to the requirements specified in
clause 5 because the display under test uses a new technology that makes the metrological measurements difficult
or impossible (see 7.1).
C.1.3 Overview of test method
This test procedure measures the effectiveness of the transfer of visual information in terms of participants' search
performance for targets embedded in alphanumerics on a candidate display versus those same participants'
performance for such a task on a benchmark display. Effectiveness in this context means that the user is able to
detect and recognize the visual targets accurately, quickly and without visual discomfort. If the display passes this
particular visual search and rating performance test, it can be assumed capable of other presentations of
information such as (but not limited to) non-alphanumeric languages and business graphics. The dependent
variables of the test are the search velocity achieved by the test participants in a visual letter search task and
subjective ratings of visual comfort using a category scale. The combination of the test results will be referred to as
the visual quality of a display. Testing takes place in a simulated office environment, with test participants
representative of the anticipated user population.
The method i.e. a letter search task applying pseudo-text in combination with scaling of experienced visual comfort,
was first developed and tested by researchers of the IPO, Center for Research on User-System Interaction
(Boschman & Roufs [3]).
The visual quality of a display, referred to as a test display, is assessed against a benchmark display known to
meet or exceed the mandatory requirements of clause 5 of this part of ISO 9241. Both the velocity in the visual
search task and the subjective ratings must meet certain minimum requirements for the test display to pass.
Sequential statistics, or an equally robust equivalent statistical procedure, are used to determine if the participant’s
performance on the test display exceeds or falls short of performance on the benchmark display.
C.1.4 Avoidance of bias
All tests are open to bias, and this is especially true in the area of psychological testing. The assessment should
therefore be carried out under the supervision of those qualified to carry out such testing, with the necessary
education and at least one year of experience. Rules governing the ethical conduct of human experimental testing
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SIST EN 29241-3:2001/A1:2001
ISO 9241-3:1992/Amd.1:2000(E)
[23]
should be followed. Examples of such rules can be found in the American Psychological Association (1990) and
[27]
the British Psychological Society (1991) .
The test administrator should ensure that all potential sources of error are minimized or controlled. The following list
describes some potential sources of bias and error; the list is not intended to be complete.
Selection of test participants (e.g. avoid selection of particular age groups).
Configuration of displays (during the test, the benchmark display shall meet all the requirements of clause 5).
Environmental conditions (lighting and other conditions shall be equal for both displays, to avoid detrimental
conditions for one of them).
Instructions to the test participants (these should be impartial).
C.2 Test participants
Test participants should be a sample representing the anticipated user population (those who perform office tasks
as specified in the scope of this part of ISO 9241). All test participants shall have near visual acuity that is normal,
or corrected to normal, at the design viewing distance and shall be without any obvious physical or physiological
conditions that could influence either their search performance or their perceived image quality.
C.3 The displays
The test display shall be a production or full-feature pre-production unit. It shall incorporate all anti-glare and
reflection filters and treatments that will be in the production unit. The benchmark display shall be supplied or
nominated by the supplier of the test display and shall meet or exceed all mandatory requirements in clause 5 of
this part of ISO 9241.
The displays may be labelled for identification purposes (e.g. "Display 1" and "Display 2"). Under these conditions,
the test participants should not be informed which is the test and which is the benchmark display, so half of them
should have the test display labelled as “Display 1” and the other half should have the benchmark display labelled
as “Display 1”.
C.4 Test workstation and environment
C.4.1 General requirements
The test shall be conducted in an area that is free from distractions and external interference which could influence
the test results. The ambient conditions shall fall within the range defined in ISO 9241-6. These conditions shall be
comfortable and shall not be subject to significant variation during the test, both within a test participant’s session
and between test participants.
C.4.2 Environment
The thermal environment, the background noise level, the ambient lighting, and the reflectance of work surfaces
shall meet the minimum requirements in ISO 9241-5 and ISO 9241-6. The ambient illumination shall be designed to
minimize glare and specular reflections (see ISO 9241-7). Constant lighting conditions shall be maintained both
within a participant’s session and between test participants. The test participants shall be light-adapted by being
placed in the test room for 10 min prior to the test.
NOTE This period may be used by the experimenter to instruct each test participant about the test.
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ISO 9241-3:1992/Amd.1:2000(E)
C.4.3 Workstation for the test
The display and associated equipment (for example, the keyboard) shall be supported by a work surface that
meets the requirements of ISO 9241-5.
For both the benchmark display and the test display, the viewing distance shall be set according to their design
viewing distance. This distance should be constrained by a head-and-chin rest, the height of which is adjustable.
The individual height adjustments for the test participants should be such that for both the test display and the
benchmark display, the position of the eyes with respect to the display is equal for all test participants. The position
of the test participant’s eyes shall comply with the line-of-sight angle requirements in 5.2 of this part of ISO 9241.
The brightness and contrast settings of the benchmark display shall be specified by the manufacturer who
nominates the display: at these settings it shall meet or exceed all mandatory requirements in clause 5 of this part
of ISO 9241.
NOTE A measurement procedure for specifying brightness and contrast is given in this part of ISO 9241.
According to the manufacturer’s wishes, the brightness and contrast settings of the test display should be either
a) fixed at settings specified by the manufacturer, or
b) adjustable by test participants to their personal optimum settings.
Both displays shall be allowed to warm-up for at least 20 min prior to the test.
The test participant shall be seated in a chair that meets the requirements of ISO 9241-5.
C.5 Methods
C.5.1 Test material
The test material shall be pseudo-text generated from a character set associated with an 8-bit single-byte coded
graphic character set as given in ISO/IEC 8859, which describes a collection of character sets for various
languages. If a system cannot display text in an alphabet familiar to the users, text should be displayed by double-
byte coded characters (e.g. Asian characters). In this case, the language used shall be specified in the compliance
statement. Each test will use a specified character subset (e.g. “A" . “Z", “a" . “z", and “0" . “9”). The same sub-
set shall be used for both displays.
Pseudo-text shall be generated from the character set according to the following constraints.
Pseudo-texts shall consist of blocks of random strings of characters separated by spaces.
The texts, on both test and benchmark display, shall consist of a constant number of lines and a constant
number of characters per line (including space characters).
The number of characters per line shall be chosen so that the line length (in centimetres) is less than 25 times
the line-to-line distance (i.e. the height of the display area divided by the maximum number of lines). However,
a line should contain at least 30 characters (including embedded spaces). The total number of characters in a
pseudo-text shall be between 400 and 600, embedded spaces included. The pseudo-text blocks (see C.5.2)
shall be sized such that, if 5 blocks could be displayed at once (one in each corner and one in the middle), they
would have minimum overlap while maximizing coverage of the display area.
Each test participant is instructed to count the occurrences of a single target character over the entire test (e.g.
test participant x is instructed to search for "A"s during the entire test, test participant y is instructed to search
for "R"s, ., etc.).
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ISO 9241-3:1992/Amd.1:2000(E)
The number of targets shall be 2 % to 3 % of the total number of characters in the text, including embedded
spaces.
The position of the targets shall be randomly chosen with the restriction that a line may not start or end with the
target character.
The texts shall contain a constant number of spaces. The space fraction shall be 15 % (i.e. the number of
spaces relative to the total number of characters, including embedded spaces). Although the average word
length does vary over different languages, pseudo-texts with 15 % space fraction, in a way, do resemble
normal texts with respect to their string length distributions.
The position of the spaces shall be randomly chosen with the following restriction:
a) a line shall neither start nor end with a space character (all spaces are embedded);
b) a space character shall not be adjacent to another space character (strings are separated by single spaces);
c) the minimum string length shall be 2 characters.
C.5.2 Procedure
Display pseudo-text as a block of characters in one of five screen locations. The test participant’s task is to scan
the text and identify the presence of the target character.
Place the blocks of pseudo-text in the upper left, the upper right, the lower left, the lower right and the centre of the
screen. Locate the centre block so that the middle characte
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