CEN/TR 13714:2010

Characterization of sludges - Sludge management in relation to use or disposal

This Technical Report gives guidance for dealing with the production and control of sludge in relation to inputs and treatment and gives a strategic evaluation of recovery, recycling and disposal options for sludge according to its properties and the availability of outlets.
This report is applicable for sludges from:
-   storm water handling;
-   night soil;
-   urban wastewater collecting systems;
-   urban wastewater treatment plants;
-   treating industrial wastewater similar to urban wastewater (as defined in Directive 91/271/EC [1]);
-   water supply treatment plants;
but excluding hazardous sludges from industry.

Charakterisierung von Schlämmen - Management von Schlamm zur Verwertung oder Beseitigung

Caractérisation des boues - Gestion des boues en vue de leur valorisation ou de leur élimination

Le présent rapport technique donne des recommandations pour la gestion de la production et de la maîtrise
des boues en relation avec les effluents à traiter et le traitement des boues, et fournit une évaluation
stratégique des options de valorisation, de recyclage et d'élimination en fonction de leurs propriétés et de la
disponibilité des débouchés.
Le présent rapport est applicable aux boues provenant :
⎯ du traitement des eaux pluviales ;
⎯ des matières de vidange ;
⎯ des systèmes de collecte des eaux usées urbaines ;
⎯ des stations d'épuration des eaux usées urbaines ;
⎯ des stations d'épuration des eaux industrielles assimilées (telles que définies par la Directive
européenne 91/271/CE [1]) ;
⎯ des stations de traitement de l'eau potable ;
à l'exclusion des boues industrielles dangereuses.

Karakterizacija blata - Ravnanje z blatom glede na uporabo ali odlaganje

To tehnično poročilo podaja smernice za obravnavo proizvodnje in nadzora nad blatom glede na vnose in obdelavo ter podaja strateško vrednotenje možnosti glede predelave, reciklaže in odlaganja za blato v skladu z njegovimi značilnostmi in uporabnostjo za trge. To poročilo velja za blato iz: - ravnanja z vodo ob neurjih; - vsebine greznice; - urbanih sistemov zbiranja odpadne vode; - čistilnih naprav za odpadno vodo; - obravnavanja industrijske odpadne vode na podoben način kot urbane odpadne vode (kot je opredeljeno v Direktivi 91/271/EGS); - čistilnih naprav za sistem oskrbe z vodo; vendar ne iz nevarnega blata iz industrije.

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 01-Jun-2010
• Withdrawal Date: 23-Jul-2013
• ICS: 77.060 - Corrosion of metals
• ICS: 93.140 - Construction of waterways, ports and dykes
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 308 - Characterization of sludges
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 308/WG 2 - Guidelines for good practice in the production, utilization and for disposal of sludges
• Current Stage: 9960 - Withdrawal effective - Withdrawal
• Start Date: 24-Jul-2013
• Completion Date: 24-Jul-2013
• Ref Project: SIST-TP CEN/TR 13714:2010 - Characterization of sludges - Sludge management in relation to use or disposal

Relations

• Replaces: CR 13714:2001 - Characterisation of sludges - Sludge management in relation to use or disposal
• Effective Date: 22-Dec-2008
• Replaced By: CEN/TS 13714:2013 - Characterization of sludges - Sludge management in relation to use or disposal
• Effective Date: 31-Jul-2013

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2010
1DGRPHãþD
SIST CR 13714:2001
Karakterizacija blata - Ravnanje z blatom glede na uporabo ali odlaganje
Characterization of sludges - Sludge management in relation to use or disposal
Charakterisierung von Schlämmen - Management von Schlamm zur Verwertung oder
Beseitigung
Caractérisation des boues - Gestion des boues en vue de leur valorisation ou de leur
élimination
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TR 13714:2010
ICS:
13.030.20 7HNRþLRGSDGNL%ODWR Liquid wastes. Sludge
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

TECHNICAL REPORT
CEN/TR 13714
RAPPORT TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHER BERICHT
June 2010
ICS 77.060; 93.140 Supersedes CR 13714:2001
English Version
Characterization of sludges - Sludge management in relation to
use or disposal
Caractérisation des boues - Gestion des boues en vue de Charakterisierung von Schlämmen - Management von
leur valorisation ou de leur élimination Schlamm zur Verwertung oder Beseitigung

This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 9 February 2010. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 308.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TR 13714:2010: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword . 3
Introduction . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions and abbreviated terms . 5
3.3 Abbreviated terms . 6
4 Waste hierarchy . 6
4.1 General . 6
4.2 Context . 7
5 Management of sludge quality - Upstream processes . 7
5.1 General . 7
5.2 Municipal wastewater sludges . 7
5.3 Setting limits for discharges from industrial and commercial premises to municipal
sewers . 8
5.4 Other factors . 9
5.5 Minimising contamination including diffuse sources in municipal wastewater . 9
6 Sludge management .10
6.1 Measures upstream of water and wastewater treatment facilities .10
6.2 Measures at sites of sludge production and processing .10
6.3 Solutions for recycling recovery and disposal.12
6.4 Disposal .14
7 Operational good practices .14
7.1 General .14
7.2 Upstream of the sludge production site .14
7.3 At the sludge production site .15
8 Strategic evaluation of options and links with the other good practice documents.16
8.1 General .16
8.2 Sludge quantity assessment .16
8.3 Sludge quality .17
8.4 Developing a strategy for sludge use/disposal .17
Annex A (informative) Guides of good practice for use and disposal of sludges .19
Annex B (informative) Best Practicable Environmental Option for sludges use or disposal .20
Bibliography .21

Foreword
This document (CEN/TR 13714:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 308
“Characterization of sludges”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes CR 13714:2001.
This document gives recommendations for good practice but existing national regulations remain in force.

Introduction
The purpose of this Technical Report is to outline the management of sludges both upstream and
downstream of the treatment process to ensure that it is suitable for the outlets available. Sludge is the
inevitable residue of treating raw potable water and municipal and industrial wastewaters. The Technical
Report refers to all types of sludge covered by CEN/TC 308 including sludges from treating industrial
wastewater similar to urban wastewater and from water supply treatment work plants. In considering the
likely quality of sludges it should be remembered that municipal wastewater sludges are composed of
materials that have already been disposed of and are consequently likely to be more variable than many
industrial sludges that arise from sourced materials or water treatment sludges arising from surface water or
groundwater.
The quality of the sludge should match the requirements of the outlets whether that be to land, thermal
processing or as a last resort landfill. As a general rule a sludge of high quality is likely to be acceptable to a
large range of outlets giving greater operational flexibility. High quality sludges are likely to be suitable for
those outlets associated with maximum sustainability and minimum environmental pollution. The
management of sludges will become increasingly more complex as environmental standards become more
stringent and if outlets become more constrained by legislation and public attitudes.
Sludge quality is central to the development of good practice for sludge production in relation to its
destination (use or disposal). Sludge quality depends on the composition of the upstream materials and the
type of treatment including post treatment storage.
Sludge quality can be characterised by its different properties; biological, chemical and physical:
 biological properties include the microbiological stability of the organic matter in the sludge, odour and
hygienic characteristics;
 chemical properties include:
 content of potentially toxic substances (PTSs) which include inorganic (metals, metalloids, and
other minerals), and organic pollutants;
 concentrations and form (availability) of plant nutrients and the main components of the sludge;
 physical properties include whether liquid, semi-solid (pasty-like) or solid, and aesthetic factors
associated for instance with removal of unsightly debris by effective screening. Calorific value is a
quality criterion if the sludge is to be incinerated or used as a fuel. Other physical properties include,
thickenability and dewaterability.
The consistency of these different properties is a critical aspect of the sludge quality and of the ability to
determine its end destination (use or disposal).
Standard methods should be used where these are available to measure the quality parameters of sludge.
There is a continuing need to develop a full set of standardised and harmonised methods which the manager
and operator can use to evaluate the quality of sludge for treatment process design and operational
purposes.
This Technical Report considers the management of sludges against the waste hierarchy, the management
of sludge quality and an option evaluation process to determine the options available.
1 Scope
This Technical Report gives guidance for dealing with the production and control of sludge in relation to
inputs and treatment and gives a strategic evaluation of recovery, recycling and disposal options for sludge
according to its properties and the availability of outlets.
This report is applicable for sludges from:
 storm water handling;
 night soil;
 urban wastewater collecting systems;
 urban wastewater treatment plants;
 treating industrial wastewater similar to urban wastewater (as defined in Directive 91/271/EC [1]);
 water supply treatment plants;
but excluding hazardous sludges from industry.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 1085:2007, Wastewater treatment — Vocabulary
EN 12832:1999, Characterization of sludges — Utilisation and disposal of sludges — Vocabulary
3 Terms and definitions and abbreviated terms
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 1085:2007 and EN 12832:1999 and
the following apply:
3.1
industrial wastewater
trade wastewater
trade effluent
wastewater discharge resulting from any industrial or commercial activity
3.2
urban wastewater
municipal wastewater
wastewater from municipal areas consisting predominantly of domestic wastewater and additionally it may
also contain surface water, infiltration water, trade or industrial wastewater
3.3 Abbreviated terms
The following abbreviated terms necessary for the understanding of this report apply:
BOD: Biochemical Oxygen Demand
BPEO: Best Practicable Environmental Option
COD: Chemical Oxygen Demand
EQO/EQS: Environmental Quality Objectives/Environmental Quality Standards
PTS: Potentially Toxic Substance
4 Waste hierarchy
4.1 General
In order that the management of waste be conducted in an increasingly sustainable manner, the EU
encourages a waste hierarchy as a framework by which Member States should develop their strategy for
waste management (EU Directive 75/442/EEC (see [2]) as amended by 91/156/EEC (see [3])).

Figure 1 — The waste hierarchy — Including sludges
This hierarchy encourages:
a) firstly, the prevention or reduction of waste production and its harmfulness, in particular by:
 development and implementation of clean technologies more sparing in their use of natural
resources;
 technical development and marketing of products designed so as to make no contribution or to
make the smallest possible contribution, by the nature of their manufacture, use or final disposal, to
increasing the amount or harmfulness of waste and pollution hazards;
 development of appropriate techniques for the final disposal of dangerous substances contained in
waste destined for recovery;
b) secondly, the best possible use of waste:
 recovery of waste by means of recycling, re-use or reclamation or any other process with a view to
extracting secondary raw materials;
 or the use of waste as a source of energy.
The hierarchy places disposal as the last management choice.
Four of the stages within the hierarchy can be applied to sludges, namely reduction, recycling, recovery and
disposal. Obviously, the latter is the least desirable and efforts should be made to minimise the proportion of
sludge which is disposed of, by the adoption of clean technologies, recycling and recovery strategies.
The waste hierarchy can be applied equally to activities upstream of the sludge production process and to
the processes employed within the treatme
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