EN ISO 9094:2022

Small craft - Fire protection (ISO 9094:2022)

This document defines a practical degree of fire prevention and protection intended to provide enough time for occupants to escape a fire on board small craft.
It applies to small craft having a length of the hull (LH) of up to 24 m except for personal watercraft.
This document does not cover:
—    the design and installation of permanently installed galley stoves and heating appliances (including components used to distribute the heat) using fuels that are liquid at atmospheric pressure on small craft, which are covered by ISO 14895:2016;
—    carbon monoxide detecting systems, which are covered by ISO 12133.

Kleine Wasserfahrzeuge - Brandschutz (ISO 9094:2022)

Dieses Dokument legt einen praxisgerechten Grad der Brandverhütung und des Brandschutzes fest, mit dem erreicht werden soll, dass den Insassen genügend Zeit verschafft wird, um einem Feuer an Bord eines kleinen Wasserfahrzeugs zu entkommen.
Es gilt für kleine Wasserfahrzeuge mit einer Rumpflänge (LH) bis 24 m mit Ausnahme von Wassermotor¬rädern.
Dieses Dokument gilt nicht für:
—   die Auslegung und Installation von fest eingebauten Kombüsenherden und Heizgeräten (einschließlich Bauteile, die für die Verteilung der Wärme vorgesehen sind), die Brennstoffe einsetzen, die bei atmosphärischem Druck flüssig sind, auf kleinen Wasserfahrzeugen, welche durch ISO 14895:2016 abgedeckt sind;
—   Warnsysteme für Kohlenstoffmonoxid, welche durch ISO 12133 abgedeckt sind.

Petits navires - Protection contre l'incendie (ISO 9094:2022)

Le présent document définit un degré pratique de prévention et de protection contre l’incendie destiné à donner un temps suffisant aux occupants pour échapper à un incendie à bord d’un petit navire.
Elle s’applique aux petits navires d’une longueur de coque (LH) inférieure ou égale à 24 m, à l’exception des véhicules nautiques à moteur.
Le présent document ne couvre pas:
—    la conception et l’installation des réchauds de cuisson et appareils de chauffage installés à demeure (y compris les composants utilisés pour distribuer la chaleur) et utilisant du combustible liquide à la pression atmosphérique, qui sont couverts par l’ISO 14895:2016;
—    les systèmes de détection du monoxyde de carbone qui sont couverts par l’ISO 12133.

Mala plovila - Požarna zaščita (ISO 9094:2022)

Ta dokument določa praktično raven preprečevanja požara in požarne zaščite, ki naj bi zagotovila dovolj časa, da uporabniki manjšega plovila ubežijo požaru na krovu.
Uporablja se za mala plovila z dolžino trupa (LH) do 24 m, razen za osebna plovila.
Ta dokument ne zajema:
– načrtovanja in namestitve na malih plovilih trajno nameščenih kuhalnikov in grelnih naprav (vključno s komponentami za distribucijo toplote) na goriva, ki so pri atmosferskem tlaku v tekočem stanju, obravnavanih v standardu ISO 14895:2016;
– sistemov za zaznavanje ogljikovega monoksida, ki jih zajema standard ISO 12133.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 20-Dec-2022
• ICS: 47.080 - Small craft
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 464 - Small Craft
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 464 - Small Craft
• Current Stage: 6060 - Definitive text made available (DAV) - Publishing
• Start Date: 21-Dec-2022
• Completion Date: 21-Dec-2022
• Directive: 2013/53/EU - Directive 2013/53/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 November 2013 on recreational craft and personal watercraft and repealing Directive 94/25/EC
• Mandate: M/542 - [C(2015)8736] Standardisation Request to the European Committee for Standardisation and the European Committee for Electro-technical Standardisation as regards recreational craft and personal watercraft in support of Directive 2013/53/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 November 2013 on recreational craft and personal watercraft and repealing Directive 94/25/EC.
• Ref Project: SIST EN ISO 9094:2023 - Small craft - Fire protection (ISO 9094:2022)

Relations

• Replaces: EN ISO 9094:2017 - Small craft - Fire protection (ISO 9094:2015)
• Effective Date: 28-Dec-2022
• Revised: prEN ISO 9094 - Small craft - Fire protection (ISO/DIS 9094:2025)
• Effective Date: 25-Sep-2024

Overview

EN ISO 9094:2022 - Small craft - Fire protection (ISO 9094:2022) specifies practical fire prevention and protection measures to provide occupants of small craft sufficient time to escape in the event of a fire. The standard applies to small craft with a hull length (LH) up to 24 m (excluding personal watercraft). It focuses on design, materials, systems and procedures that reduce ignition and fire spread, and covers detection, escape and fire‑fighting equipment requirements. Note: permanently installed liquid‑fuel galley stoves and carbon monoxide detection are excluded (see ISO 14895:2016 and ISO 12133).

Key topics and technical requirements

EN ISO 9094 organizes technical content into clear, actionable areas:

• Fire prevention (Clause 4) - requirements for cooking/heating appliances, materials near appliances, engine and fuel compartments, electrical installations, LPG systems, ignition protection and decklights.
• Fire detection (Clause 5) - guidance on detection strategies appropriate for small craft layouts.
• Fire escape (Clause 6) - design and sizing of escape routes and exits, positioning, means to open exits and special requirements (e.g., watertightness considerations).
• Fire‑fighting equipment (Clause 7) - protection of habitable spaces, engine compartments, location and minimum capacities for portable fire extinguishers, and criteria for fixed extinguishing systems.
• Owner information (Clauses 9 and Annex A) - required guidance to be provided in the owner’s manual.

The standard also provides alignment with EU Directive 2013/53/EU (Annex ZA), so applying the normative clauses can confer a presumption of conformity for relevant essential requirements.

Practical applications and users

EN ISO 9094 is intended for those who design, build, certify, operate or maintain small craft:

• Boat designers and naval architects - integrate fire‑safety features early in design
• Manufacturers and boatbuilders - select compliant materials, equipment layouts and extinguishing systems
• Surveyors, flag administrations and conformity assessors - assess compliance and support CE marking under 2013/53/EU
• Marine electricians and installers - implement ignition protection and electrical safety
• Marina operators, safety officers and owners - choose firefighting equipment, plan escape routes and prepare owner manuals

Practical benefits include reduced fire risk, improved occupant escape time, clearer inspection criteria and smoother regulatory compliance.

Related standards

EN ISO 9094 references and aligns with other standards commonly used in small craft fire safety, including:

• IEC 60092‑507 (small vessel electrical installations)
• ISO 10088, ISO 10239, ISO 11105 (fuel systems, LPG, ventilation)
• ISO 12216, ISO 13297, ISO 14895 (windows/hatches, electrical systems, galley appliances)
• ISO 21487, ISO 16315 (fuel tanks, electric propulsion) Using EN ISO 9094 together with these standards helps create a comprehensive fire‑safety strategy for small craft.

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-marec-2023
Nadomešča:
SIST EN ISO 9094:2017
Mala plovila - Požarna zaščita (ISO 9094:2022)
Small craft - Fire protection (ISO 9094:2022)
Kleine Wasserfahrzeuge - Brandschutz (ISO 9094:2022)
Petits navires - Protection contre l'incendie (ISO 9094:2022)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 9094:2022
ICS:
13.220.20 Požarna zaščita Fire protection
47.080 Čolni Small craft
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN ISO 9094
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
December 2022
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 47.080 Supersedes EN ISO 9094:2017
English Version
Small craft - Fire protection (ISO 9094:2022)
Petits navires - Protection contre l'incendie (ISO Kleine Wasserfahrzeuge - Brandschutz (ISO
9094:2022) 9094:2022)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 2 December 2022.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 9094:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive 2013/53/EU aimed to be covered . 4

European foreword
This document (EN ISO 9094:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 188 "Small
craft" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 464 “Small Craft” the secretariat of which is
held by SIS.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2023, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by December 2023.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 9094:2017.
This document has been prepared under a Standardization Request given to CEN by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU
Directive(s) / Regulation(s).
For the relationship with EU Directive(s) / Regulation(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral
part of this document.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards
body/national committee. A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 9094:2022 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 9094:2022 without any modification.

Annex ZA
(informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive 2013/53/EU aimed to be covered
This European Standard has been prepared under a Commission’s standardization request
M/542/C(2015) 8736 final to provide one voluntary means of conforming to essential requirements of
Directive 2013/53/EU.
Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive,
compliance with the normative clauses of this standard given in Table ZA.1 confers, within the limits of
the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the corresponding essential requirements
of that Directive, and associated EFTA regulations.
Table ZA.1 — Correspondence between this European Standard and Directive 2013/53/EU
Essential Requirements Clause(s)/sub-clause(s) Remarks/Notes
of Directive 2013/53/EU of this EN
Annex I.A.3.8 – Escape Clause 6 (except 6.2.6) Annex 1.A.3.8 applies with
respect to viable means of escape
in the event of fire, it does not
deal with inversion
Annex I.A.5.6.1 – Fire Protection Clauses 4 and 5
Annex I.A.5.6.2 – Fire Fighting Clauses 7 and 8
Equipment
Annex I.A.2.5 – Owner’s Manual Clauses 9 and Annex A
Table ZA.2 — Applicable Standards to confer presumption of conformity
as described in this Annex ZA
Column 1 Column 2 Column 3 Column 4
Reference in International Title Corresponding
Clause 2 Standard Edition European Standard
Edition
IEC 60092- IEC 60092- Electrical installations in ships — EN 60092-507:2015
507:2014 507:2014 Part 507: Small vessels
ISO 4589-3:2017 ISO 4589-3:2017 Plastics — Determination of EN ISO 4589-3:2017
burning behaviour by oxygen index
— Part 3: Elevated-temperature
test
ISO 7165:2017 ISO 7165:2017 Fire fighting — Portable fire Not yet available
extinguishers — Performance and
construction
ISO 8846:1990 ISO 8846:1990 Small craft — Electrical devices — EN ISO 8846:2017
Protection against ignition of
surrounding flammable gases
ISO 10088 ISO 10088:2022 Small craft — Permanently EN ISO 10088:2022
installed fuel systems
ISO 10239:2014 ISO 10239:2014 Small craft — Liquefied petroleum EN ISO 10239:2017
gas (LPG) systems
ISO 11105:2020 ISO 11105:2020 Small craft — Ventilation of petrol EN ISO 11105:2020
engine and/or petrol tank
compartments
ISO 12216 ISO 12216:2020 Small craft — Windows, portlights, EN ISO 12216:2020
hatches, deadlights and doors —
ISO 12216:2020/ EN ISO 12216:2020/Amd
Strength and watertightness
Amd 1:2022 1: 2022
requirements
ISO 13297 ISO 13297:2020 Small craft — Electrical systems — EN ISO 13297:2021
Alternating and direct current
ISO 13297:2020/ EN ISO 13297:2020/Amd
installations
Amd 1:2022 1:2022
ISO 14895:2016 ISO 14895:2016 Small craft — Liquid-fuelled galley EN ISO 14895:2016
stoves and heating appliances
ISO 16315 ISO 16315:2016 Small craft — Electric propulsion EN ISO 16315:2016
system
ISO 21487 ISO 21487:2012 Small craft — Permanently EN ISO 21487:2018
installed petrol and diesel fuel tanks

The documents listed in the Column 1 of table [ZA.2], in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in
this document, i.e. are indispensable for its application. The achievement of the presumption of
conformity is subject to the application of the edition of Standards as listed in Column 4 or, if no
European Standard Edition exists, the International Standard Edition given in Column 2 of table [ZA.2].
WARNING 1 — Presumption of conformity stays valid only as long as a reference to this European
Standard is maintained in the list published in the Official Journal of the European Union. Users of this
standard should consult frequently the latest list published in the Official Journal of the European
Union.
WARNING 2 — Other Union legislation may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of
this standard.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 9094
Second edition
2022-11
Small craft — Fire protection
Petits navires — Protection contre l'incendie
Reference number
ISO 9094:2022(E)
ISO 9094:2022(E)
© ISO 2022
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
ISO 9094:2022(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vii
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Fire prevention .4
4.1 Cooking and heating appliances . 4
4.1.1 General . 4
4.1.2 Appliances with flues . 4
4.1.3 Permanently installed fuel systems . 4
4.2 Materials near cooking or heating appliances . 4
4.2.1 General . 4
4.2.2 Protection from open flames . 5
4.2.3 Protection from radiated heat devices . 6
4.2.4 Protection from solid fuel appliances . 7
4.2.5 Protection from electrical appliances . 7
4.3 Engine and fuel compartments and exhausts . 7
4.3.1 General requirements not dependent on fuel type . 7
4.3.2 Specific requirements for compartments containing fixed petrol engines
and permanently installed petrol tanks . 8
4.3.3 Specific requirements for compartments containing portable petrol-
engine equipment and portable petrol tanks or containers . 9
4.4 Electrical installations . 9
4.5 Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) systems. 9
4.5.1 General . 9
4.5.2 LPG systems not used for propulsion . 9
4.5.3 LPG systems used for propulsion . 9
4.5.4 Self-contained portable appliances . 9
4.6 Ignition protection . 9
4.7 Decklights . 10
5 Fire detection .10
6 Fire escape .10
6.1 Fire escape routes . 10
6.1.1 General . 10
6.2 Fire exits . . . 11
6.2.1 General . 11
6.2.2 Minimum clear dimensions . 11
6.2.3 Positioning fire exits . 11
6.2.4 Capability to open fire exits . 11
6.2.5 Deck hatches designated as fire exits .12
6.2.6 Watertightness of fire exits .12
7 Fire-fighting equipment .12
7.1 Purpose .12
7.2 Protection of habitable spaces containing sleeping bunks .12
7.3 Protection of habitable spaces containing cooking and heating appliances .12
7.4 Protection of engine compartment(s) .12
7.4.1 General .12
7.4.2 Fire ports . 13
7.5 Portable fire extinguishers . . . 14
7.5.1 Purpose . 14
7.5.2 General requirements . 14
7.5.3 Carbon dioxide (CO ) extinguishers. 14
iii
ISO 9094:2022(E)
7.5.4 Location and capacity of portable fire extinguishers .15
7.6 Fixed fire extinguishing systems . 15
7.6.1 Purpose . 15
7.6.2 General requirements .15
7.6.3 General installation requirements . 16
7.6.4 Activation of the system . 17
7.7 Fire blanket. 17
8 Displayed information .18
8.1 General requirements . 18
8.2 Fixed system warning for non-asphyxiant medium . 18
8.3 CO portable extinguisher . 18
8.4 Storage of ladder to escape hatch . 19
8.5 Displayed symbol requirements . 19
9 Owner’s manual .19
Annex A (normative) Information in the owner’s manual .20
Annex B (informative) Classification of fires, fire ratings according to EN 3-7
and selection of portable fire extinguishers .23
Annex C (informative) Selection of fixed fire extinguishing systems .25
Bibliography .27
iv
ISO 9094:2022(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 88, Small craft, in collaboration with
the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 464, Small craft, in
accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 9094:2015), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— the “engine compartment” definition (3.3) has been updated;
— the “fire resistant” definition (3.21) has been added;
— the pitch angle up to 15° for all craft to prevent cooking devices from sliding off the stove, in 4.1.1,
has been updated;
— the pitch and heel angles in 4.2.1 have been updated;
— the requirements for protection from open flame in 4.2.2 have been updated;
— Table 1 to expand the understanding of zone protection has been updated;
— a clarification for fire escape routes in 6.1 has been added;
— Table 2, “Protection of the engine(s) and engine compartments”, has been updated;
— the requirements for portable fire extinguisher locations have been updated (see 7.5);
— the asphyxiant medium from fixed fire extinguishing systems has been removed (see 7.6);
— Clause 8, “Displayed information”, has been updated;
— the Bibliography has been updated.
v
ISO 9094:2022(E)
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
vi
ISO 9094:2022(E)
Introduction
This document covers the prevention of fire and the protection of life in case of fire on small craft.
It is intended to ensure that the design and layout of the craft and the type of equipment installed
minimize the risk and spread of fire and that every habitable craft is provided with viable means of
escape in the event of fire.
The requirements in this document may not be effective against fires of some battery chemistries (for
example lithium-based products). Battery manufacturers should be consulted for appropriate methods
of fire suppression.
vii
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 9094:2022(E)
Small craft — Fire protection
1 Scope
This document defines a practical degree of fire prevention and protection intended to provide enough
time for occupants to escape a fire on board small craft.
It applies to small craft having a length of the hull (L ) of up to 24 m except for personal watercraft.
H
This document does not cover:
— the design and installation of permanently installed galley stoves and heating appliances (including
components used to distribute the heat) using fuels that are liquid at atmospheric pressure on small
craft, which are covered by ISO 14895:2016;
— carbon monoxide detecting systems, which are covered by ISO 12133.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 4589-3:2017, Plastics — Determination of burning behaviour by oxygen index — Part 3: Elevated-
temperature test
ISO 7165:2017, Fire fighting — Portable fire extinguishers — Performance and construction
ISO 8846:1990, Small craft — Electrical devices — Protection against ignition of surrounding flammable
gases
ISO 10088, Small craft — Permanently installed fuel systems
ISO 10239:2014, Small craft — Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) systems
ISO 11105:2020, Small craft — Ventilation of petrol engine and/or petrol tank compartments
ISO 12216, Small craft — Windows, portlights, hatches, deadlights and doors — Strength and watertightness
requirements
ISO 13297, Small craft — Electrical systems — Alternating and direct current installations
ISO 14895:2016, Small craft — Liquid-fuelled galley stoves and heating appliances
ISO 16315, Small craft — Electric propulsion system
ISO 21487, Small craft — Permanently installed petrol and diesel fuel tanks
IEC 60092-507:2014, Electrical installations in ships — Part 507: Small vessels
EN 3-7:2004+A1: 2007, Portable fire extinguishers – Part 7: Characteristics, performance requirements and
test methods
EN 1869:2019, Fire blankets
EN 15609:2021, LPG equipment and accessories — LPG propulsion systems for boats, yachts and other
craft
ISO 9094:2022(E)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
accessible
capable of being reached for inspection, removal or maintenance without removal of permanent craft
structure
Note 1 to entry: Hatches are not regarded as permanent craft structures in this sense even if tools are needed to
open them.
3.2
readily accessible
capable of being reached quickly and safely for effective use under emergency conditions without the
use of tools
3.3
engine compartment
compartment of the craft, containing spark or compression ignition internal combustion engine(s)
3.4
fixed fire extinguishing system
fixed system
fire-fighting system having all components fixed in position and having automatic activation and/or
manual release from outside of the space protected
3.5
fire exit
door, hatch, or aperture designated as an exit in case of fire and leading either directly, or via other
areas of the craft, to the open air
3.6
open flame device
appliance where direct bodily contact with an exposed open flame is possible during normal operation
3.7
petrol
hydrocarbon fuel or blends thereof that is liquid at atmospheric pressure and is used in spark ignition
engines
Note 1 to entry: In this context, kerosene is not regarded as petrol.
3.8
diesel
hydrocarbon fuel or blends thereof that is liquid at atmospheric pressure and is used in compression
ignition engines
3.9
asphyxiant
fire extinguishing medium that can dilute or displace oxygen in air, leading to asphyxiation if inhaled
3.10
toxic
fire extinguishing medium that can be poisonous or harmful if inhaled
ISO 9094:2022(E)
3.11
escape route
way through which a person has to pass to access the nearest craft exit or fire exit (3.5)
3.12
habitable space
space surrounded by permanent structure in which there is provision for any of the following activities:
sleeping, cooking, eating, washing/toilet, navigation, steering
Note 1 to entry: Spaces intended exclusively for storage, open cockpits with or without canvas enclosures and
engine rooms are not included.
3.13
enclosed habitable space
habitable space (3.12) separated from the nearest fire exit (3.5) by bulkheads and/or solid doors
3.14
radiated heat device
appliance intended to transfer heat from its surfaces during normal operation by way of radiation
3.15
cooking appliance
appliance intended to be used for the preparation of food and that makes use of a heat source
3.16
heating appliance
appliance intended to be used for comfort heating with or without integral heat sources
3.17
solid fuel appliance
heating appliance (3.16) intended to be fuelled by solid minerals fuel, natural or manufactured wood
logs or pellets, including solidified alcohol
3.18
decklight
translucent deck fitting providing daytime lighting to inboard spaces by refracting sunlight
Note 1 to entry: Decklights are usually no more than 200 mm in diameter.
3.19
shut off damper
air damper or rated fire damper device that closes or reduces air flow at engine space air intakes and/
or exhaust ventilators
3.20
portlight
openable window in the hull of the craft below the sheer line and above the waterline
3.21
fire resistant
the ability of a material to self-extinguish upon the removal of an ignition source
3.22
craft
small craft
recreational boat, and other watercraft using similar equipment, of up to 24 m length of hull (L )
H
[SOURCE: ISO 8666:2020, 3.15]
ISO 9094:2022(E)
4 Fire prevention
4.1 Cooking and heating appliances
4.1.1 General
Cooking and heating appliances shall be suitable for use in a marine environment.
When selecting appliances, consideration should be given to the size and design of the space into which
the appliance is to be installed and the appliance’s stated heat output.
Cooking and heating appliances shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions
for small craft installations and secured against accidental or unintended movement. Gimballed
appliances shall include a retaining mechanism that meets this requirement.
Means shall be provided on or adjacent to stove-top cooking surfaces to prevent both deep and shallow
cooking utensils from sliding across or off the stove, at pitch angles up to 15° for all craft, and at heel
angles up to 30° for sailing craft or up to 15° for engine-driven craft and multihulls (sail and power).
4.1.2 Appliances with flues
Where flues and associated flue pipes are installed, they shall be:
— installed in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions;
— routed directly to the open air so that no exhaust gases can enter the interior of the craft;
— insulated or shielded in accordance with 4.2.3.1, where necessary, to avoid overheating or damage
to adjacent material or to the structure of the craft.
4.1.3 Permanently installed fuel systems
Permanently installed tanks and supply lines using fuel which is liquid at atmospheric pressure shall
meet the applicable requirements of ISO 21487 and ISO 10088. In addition:
— permanently installed fuel tanks shall be installed outside Zone II according to Figure 1;
— filler openings for tanks shall be prominently identified to indicate the type of fuel to be used with
the system;
— unless covered by the design and installation requirements of ISO 14895:2016, a readily accessible
shut-off valve shall be installed in the supply line at the tank connection. If this is outside the space
containing the appliance, a second valve shall be fitted in the fuel line in the space containing the
appliance, outside Zone II according to Figure 1, but not behind the appliance. This requirement
does not apply:
— where the tank is located lower than the cooking appliance/heater and there is no possibility of
back siphoning; or
— where a fusible valve that prevents fuel from continuing to flow to an appliance in the event of
a fire is installed in the appliance or near to the final fuel supply joint to it.
4.2 Materials near cooking or heating appliances
4.2.1 General
Materials and finishes (surfaces) used in the vicinity of open flame devices within the ranges as defined
in Figure 1 shall comply with 4.2.2, taking into account the movement of the burner at pitch angles up
ISO 9094:2022(E)
to 15° for all craft, and up to a heel angle of 30° for sailing craft or up to 15° for engine-driven craft and
multihulls (sail and power).
These requirements do not apply to the materials of the appliance itself.
4.2.2 Protection from open flames
4.2.2.1 Materials installed in or that can enter Zone I shall not support combustion.
4.2.2.2 Materials installed in or that can enter Zone II shall either:
— not support combustion; or
— be thermally insulated from the supporting structure to prevent combustion of the supporting
structure, if the surface temperature exceeds 80 °C during the fire test described in 4.2.2.4.
4.2.2.3 Materials intended to not support combustion shall have an oxygen index (OI) of at least 21
according to ISO 4589-3:2017 at ambient temperature of 60 °C.
NOTE Equivalent standards can be used to demonstrate compliance.
4.2.2.4 For conducting the test, each of the open flame burners shall be covered by a metal plate of
200 mm diameter and a thickness of 3 mm ± 0,2 mm. The flames shall burn for 10 min, the controls
being set to the maximum. At the end of the burning period, the surface temperature of any material
around the open flame device shall be measured.
Thermal insulation may be achieved by an air gap or by the use of a suitable material.
ISO 9094:2022(E)
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 Zone I — area of the burner extended vertically 350 mm from its surface and horizontally 100 mm beyond
its periphery
2a Zone IIa — for LPG, CNG or electric appliances: area of the burner extended vertically 500 mm from its
surface and horizontally 250 mm beyond its periphery
2b Zone IIb — for liquid fuel appliances: area of the burner extended vertically 700 mm from its surface and
horizontally 250 mm beyond its periphery
Figure 1 — Areas of special material requirements
4.2.3 Protection from radiated heat devices
4.2.3.1 If their surface temperature can exceed 85 °C, combustible materials adjacent to radiated
heat devices and other appliances, whether exposed or covered, shall be thermally insulated to ensure
that the surface temperature of the combustible materials does not exceed 85 °C with the appliance
operating at its maximum nominal output.
ISO 9094:2022(E)
4.2.3.2 Thermal insulation may be achieved by an air gap, a radiation shielding surface, or the use
of a suitable material. Materials used to shield the combustible surface shall be ceramics, metals, non-
combustible insulation board or other materials with similar fireproof characteristics.
Appliance manufacturer’s instructions may be followed to meet this clause provided the appliance has
been temperature tested in accordance with EN 12815:2013 or EN 13240:2001+A2: 2004.
4.2.4 Protection from solid fuel appliances
4.2.4.1 Solid fuel appliances shall stand on and be secured to a hearth designed and constructed
of suitable robust and non-combustible materials, substantial enough to support the weight of the
appliance, and of appropriate dimensions such that, in normal use, it prevents ignition of floor coverings
through radiated heat or in the event a hot solid fuel falls from the appliance.
Appliance manufacturer’s instructions may be followed to meet this clause provided the appliance has
been temperature tested in accordance with EN 12815:2013 or EN 13240:2001+A2: 2004.
4.2.4.2 Combustible fixtures, fittings or furniture other than flooring and its covering shall not
be positioned within the distance from solid fuel appliances specified by the manufacturer or, if no
distance is specified, they shall not be positioned within 600 mm of the closest point to the appliance.
4.2.4.3 Free-hanging combustible material, such as curtains or blinds adjacent to a solid fuel
appliance, shall not be fitted within less than the minimum distance specified by the manufacturer or,
if no distance is specified, it shall not be fitted within 600 mm of the closest point to the appliance and
any uninsulated flue pipe.
Careful consideration should be given in the selection of materials in all other parts of habitable spaces
to ensure, as far as practical, that the materials are not readily ignitable and/or have low flame spread
characteristics and do not readily give rise to toxic or explosive hazards at elevated temperatures.
4.2.5 Protection from electrical appliances
4.2.5.1 Free hanging curtains or other fabrics adjacent to electrical cooking hobs shall not be fitted in
Zone I according to Figure 1.
4.2.5.2 Electrical heating appliances shall not be fitted with an element so exposed that clothing,
curtains, or other similar materials can be scorched or set on fire by heat from the element.
4.3 Engine and fuel compartments and exhausts
4.3.1 General requirements not dependent on fuel type
4.3.1.1 Insulation material
Material used for the insulation of engine compartments shall
— present a non-fuel absorbent surface towards the engine, and
— not support combustion and have an oxygen index (OI) of at least 21 according to ISO 4589-3:2017
at an ambient temperature of 60 °C, or be tested to meet an equivalent standard.
4.3.1.2 Permanently installed fuel tanks
Permanently installed fuel tanks shall be designed and constructed in accordance with the requirements
of ISO 21487, and shall be installed in accordance with ISO 10088.
ISO 9094:2022(E)
4.3.1.3 Bilge cleaning
Bilges and other spaces that can contain spillage of petrol and diesel shall be accessible for cleaning and
shall have a non-fuel absorbent floor surface.
4.3.1.4 Checking of exhaust water injection
Where a non-metallic component or flexible hose is part of a water-cooled exhaust system, a means to
indicate a loss of cooling water shall be provided to prevent failure of the component or flexible hose.
The means shall be obvious from the steering position.
NOTE A temperature or flow alarm can suffice.
4.3.2 Specific requirements for compartments containing fixed petrol engines and
permanently installed petrol tanks
4.3.2.1 General
Compartments or spaces containing fixed petrol engines and/or permanently installed petrol tanks
shall be separated from habitable spaces. This is met where the structure fulfils the following
requirements:
a) the boundaries shall be continuously sealed (e.g. welded, brazed, glued, laminated or otherwise
sealed);
b) penetrations for cables, piping, etc., shall be closed by fittings, seals and/or sealants;
c) access openings such as doors, hatches, etc., shall be equipped with fittings so they can be secured
to minimize the flow of gas or vapours in the closed position.
The effectiveness of the boundary joints or sealing shall be demonstrated either by documentation or
visual inspection.
4.3.2.2 Ignition protection
All electrical equipment shall be ignition protected as specified in 4.6.
4.3.2.3 Ventilation
Compartments or spaces containing either fixed petrol engines or permanently installed petrol tanks
shall meet the ventilation requirements of ISO 11105:2020.
4.3.2.4 Insulation of permanently installed petrol fuel tanks from heat sources
Petrol fuel tanks shall be insulated from the engine or other source of heat by either
a) a thermal barrier between tank and engine, engine-mounted components including fuel and water
supply lines, and any source of heat (e.g. bulkhead, wall, insulating material, etc.), or
b) an air gap to prevent any contact between the petrol fuel tank and engine, engine-mounted
components, and any source of heat, the gap being wide enough to allow for servicing the engine
and related components.
Any air gap shall be at least:
— 100 mm between a petrol engine and a petrol fuel tank;
— 250 mm between exhaust components having a temperature exceeding 90 °C and a petrol fuel tank.
NOTE Air gap requirements are addressed in ISO 1
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