EN 61000-4-21:2011

Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4-21: Testing and measurement techniques - Reverberation chamber test methods

IEC 61000-4-21:2011 considers tests of immunity and intentional or unintentional emissions for electric and/or electronic equipment and tests of screening effectiveness in reverberation chambers. It establishes the required test procedures for performing such tests. Only radiated phenomena are considered. The objective of IEC 61000-4-21:2011 is to establish a common reference for using reverberation chambers to evaluate the performance of electric and electronic equipment when subjected to radio-frequency electromagnetic fields and for determining the levels of radio-frequency radiation emitted from electric and electronic equipment. IEC 61000-4-21:2011 does not intend to specify the tests to be applied to a particular apparatus or system. Its main aim is to give a general basic reference to all concerned product committees of the IEC. The product committees should select emission limits and test methods in consultation with CISPR. The product committees remain responsible for the appropriate choice of the immunity tests and the immunity test limits to be applied to their equipment. Other methods, such as those covered in IEC 61000-4-3, CISPR 16-2-3 and CISPR 16-2-4 may be used. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2003. This edition constitutes a technical revision and includes the following significant technical changes with respectto the first edition: - In Clause 8, the use and specifications of E-field probes for application to reverberation chambers has been added. - In Annex A, additional guidance and clarifications on the use of reverberation chambers at relatively low frequencies of operation (i.e., close to the lowest usable frequency of a given chamber) are given, and its implications on the estimation of field uncertainty are outlined. - In Annex B, symmetric location of the field probes when the chamber exhibits cylindrical symmetry has been disallowed, as such placement could otherwise yield a false indication of field uniformity and chamber performance at different locations. - Annex C now contains more quantitative guidance on the setting of the maximum permissible stirring speeds that warrant quasi-static conditions of operation for chamber validation and testing. - In Annex D, a requirement for the EUT and equipment not to occupy more than 8 % of the total chamber volume in immunity testing has been added. - Annex E has been extended with further guidance on the value of EUT directivity to be used in the estimation of radiated power and field. - In Annex I, some clarifications on antenna efficiency measurements have been added. - A new Annex K has been added that covers measurement uncertainty in reverberation chambers.

Elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit (EMV) - Teil 4-21: Prüf- und Messverfahren - Verfahren für die Prüfung in der Modenverwirbelungskammer

Compatibilité électromagnétique (CEM) - Partie 4-21: Techniques d'essai et de mesure - Méthodes d'essai en chambre réverbérante

La CEI 61000-4-21:2011 porte sur les essais d'immunité et d'émissions désirées ou non désirées pour les matériels électriques et/ou électroniques, et sur les essais d'efficacité d'écran dans les chambres réverbérantes. Elle établit les procédures d'essai nécessaires à la réalisation de ce type d'essais. Seuls les phénomènes rayonnés sont examinés. L'objet de la présente partie est d'établir une référence commune pour l'utilisation des chambres réverbérantes dans le but d'évaluer les performances des matériels électriques et électroniques lorsqu'ils sont soumis à des champs électromagnétiques radioélectriques et dans le but de déterminer les niveaux des rayonnements radioélectriques émis par les matériels électriques et électroniques. La CEI 61000-4-21:2011 n'est pas destinée à spécifier les essais qui doivent être appliqués à un appareil ou un système particulier. Elle vise principalement à offrir à tous les comités de produits concernés de la CEI une référence de base générale. Il convient que les comités de produits choisissent les limites d'émissions et les méthodes d'essai en concertation avec le CISPR. Les comités de produits restent responsables du choix approprié des essais d'immunité et des limites des essais d'immunité à appliquer à leurs matériels. Les autres méthodes, telles que celles couvertes dans la CEI 61000-4-3, le CISPR 16-2-3 et le CISPR 16-2-4 peuvent être utilisées. Cette deuxième édition annule et remplace la première édition parue en 2003. Cette édition constitue une révision technique et inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes par rapport à l'édition précédente: - A l'Article 8, l'utilisation et les spécifications de sondes de champ E pour application aux chambres réverbérantes ont été ajoutées. - L'Annexe A contient des recommandations supplémentaires et des clarifications concernant l'utilisation de chambres réverbérantes à des fréquences de fonctionnement relativement faibles (c'est-à-dire proches de la fréquence utilisable la plus faible d'une chambre donnée), et les conséquences de cette utilisation sur l'estimation de l'incertitude ont été décrites. - A l'Annexe B, l'emplacement symétrique des sondes de champ, lorsque la chambre présente une symétrie cylindrique, a été refusé dans la mesure où ce type d'emplacement est susceptible de donner une indication erronée de l'uniformité de champ et de la performance de la chambre à des emplacements différents. - L'Annexe C contient à présent davantage de recommandations quantitatives concernant le réglage des vitesses de brassage maximales admissibles qui garantissent des conditions de fonctionnement quasi-statiques pour la validation et les essais de la chambre. - A l'Annexe D, une exigence stipulant que le matériel en essai et les autres équipements ne doivent pas occuper plus de 8 % du volume total de la chambre dans les essais d'immunité a été ajoutée. - Des recommandations supplémentaires ont été ajoutées à l'Annexe E concernant la valeur de la directivité du matériel en essai à utiliser dans l'estimation de la puissance et du champ rayonnés. - Certaines clarifications concernant les mesures de rendement d'antenne ont été ajoutées en Annexe I. - Une nouvelle Annexe K a été ajoutée qui couvre l'incertitude de mesure dans les chambres réverbérantes.

Elektromagnetna združljivost (EMC) - 4-21. del: Preskusne in merilne tehnike - Preskusne metode za odbojne sobe (IEC 61000-4-21:2011)

Ta del IEC 61000 upošteva preskuse imunosti in namenske ali nenamenske emisije
za električno in/ali elektronsko opremo in preskuse za spremljanje učinkovitosti za odbojne sobe. Vzpostavlja potrebne preskusne postopke za izvedbo takih preskusov. Upoštevani so samo pojavi sevanja.
Cilj tega dela je vzpostaviti splošno referenco za uporabo odbojnih sob za določanje delovanja električne in elektronske opreme, kadar so izpostavljene radiofrekvenčnim elektromagnetnim poljem, in za določanje stopenj radiofrekvenčnega sevanja, ki ga oddaja električna ali elektronska oprema.
OPOMBA: Preskusne metode v tem delu so opredeljene za merjenje učinkov elektromagnetnega sevanja na opremo in elektromagnetnih emisij iz zadevne opreme. Simulacija in merjenje elektromagnetnega sevanja ni ustrezno za kvantitativno določevanje učinkov. Cilj opredeljenih preskusnih metod je vzpostaviti ustrezno obnovljivost in ponovljivost rezultatov preskusov in kvalitativno analizo učinkov.
Ta del IEC 61000 ni namenjen določevanju preskusov za uporabo na določeni opremi ali sistemu. Njegov glavni cilj je podati splošno osnovno referenco za vse zadevne odbore IEC za proizvode. Odbori za proizvode naj izberejo meje emisij in preskusne metode s posvetom s CISPR. Odbori za proizvode so odgovorni za primerno izbiro preskusov odpornosti in mej preskusov odpornosti, uporabljenih za njihovo opremo. Druge metode kot tiste, zajete v IEC 61000-4-3, CISPR 16-2-2, se lahko uporabijo.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 28-Apr-2011
• Withdrawal Date: 02-Mar-2014
• ICS: 33.100.10 - Emission
• ICS: 33.100.20 - Immunity
• Technical Committee: CLC/TC 210 - Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)
• Drafting Committee: IEC/SC 77B - IEC_SC_77B
• Parallel Committee: IEC/SC 77B - IEC_SC_77B
• Current Stage: 6060 - Document made available - Publishing
• Completion Date: 29-Apr-2011
• Directive: 2004/108/EC - Directive 2004/108/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 December 2004 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to electromagnetic compatibility and repealing Directive 89/336/EEC
• Directive: 2004/108/EU - DIRECTIVE 2004/108/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 15 December 2004 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to electromagnetic compatibility and repealing Directive 89/336/EEC
• Directive: 2014/30/EU - Directive 2014/30/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 February 2014 on the harmonisation of the laws of the Member States relating to electromagnetic compatibility (recast)
• Mandate: M/490 - Standardisation mandate to the European Standardisation Organisations (ESOs) to support European Smart Grid deployment
• Ref Project: SIST EN 61000-4-21:2011 - Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4-21: Testing and measurement techniques - Reverberation chamber test methods

Relations

• Replaces: EN 61000-4-21:2003 - Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4-21: Testing and measurement techniques - Reverberation chamber test methods
• Effective Date: 29-Jan-2023

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-junij-2011
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 61000-4-21:2005
Elektromagnetna združljivost (EMC) - 4-21. del: Preskusne in merilne tehnike -
Preskusne metode za odbojne sobe (IEC 61000-4-21:2011)
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4-21: Testing and measurement techniques -
Reverberation chamber test methods
Elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit (EMV) - Teil 4-21: Prüf- und Messverfahren -
Verfahren für die Prüfung in der Modenverwirbelungskammer
Compatibilité électromagnétique (CEM) - Partie 4-21: Techniques d'essai et de mesure -
Méthodes d'essai en chambre réverbérante
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 61000-4-21:2011
ICS:
33.100.01 Elektromagnetna združljivost Electromagnetic compatibility
na splošno in general
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 61000-4-21
NORME EUROPÉENNE
April 2011
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 33.100.10; 33.100.20 Supersedes EN 61000-4-21:2003

English version
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) -
Part 4-21: Testing and measurement techniques -
Reverberation chamber test methods
(IEC 61000-4-21:2011)
Compatibilité électromagnétique (CEM) - Elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit
Partie 4-21: Techniques d'essai et de (EMV) -
mesure - Teil 4-21: Prüf- und Messverfahren -
Méthodes d'essai en chambre Verfahren für die Prüfung in der
réverbérante Modenverwirbelungskammer
(CEI 61000-4-21:2011) (IEC 61000-4-21:2011)

This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2011-03-03. CENELEC members are bound to comply
with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard
the status of a national standard without any alteration.

Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified
to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.

CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,
the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia,
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.

CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels

© 2011 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 61000-4-21:2011 E
Foreword
The text of document 77B/619/CDV, future edition 2 of IEC 61000-4-21, prepared by SC 77B, High
frequency phenomena, of IEC TC 77, Electromagnetic compatibility, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC
parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 61000-4-21 on 2011-03-03.
This European Standard supersedes EN 61000-4-21:2003.
EN 61000-4-21:2003:
 In Clause 8, the use and specifications of E-field probes for application to reverberation chambers has
been added. Additional Notes refer to general aspects and procedures of probe calibrations. The
specified range for linearity of the probe response is larger and covers an asymmetric interval compared
to that for use in anechoic chambers (see Annex I of EN 61000-4-3), because
– the fluctuations of power and fields in reverberation chambers exhibit a larger dynamic range, and
– the chamber validation procedure is based on using maximum field values, as opposed to the field itself
or its average value, respectively.
 In Annex A, additional guidance and clarifications on the use of reverberation chambers at relatively low
frequencies of operation (i.e., close to the lowest usable frequency of a given chamber) are given, and its
implications on the estimation of field uncertainty are outlined. Guidelines on cable-layout have been
added. A rationale has been added that explains the relaxation of the field uniformity requirement below
400 MHz, being a compromise between scientific-technical and economical reasons when using
chambers around 100 MHz. A first-order correction for the threshold value of the correlation coefficient at
relatively low numbers of tuner positions has been added. Issues regarding the use of non-equidistant
tuner positions at low frequencies are discussed in an additional note.
 In Annex B, symmetric location of the field probes when the chamber exhibits cylindrical symmetry has
been disallowed, as such placement could otherwise yield a false indication of field uniformity and
chamber performance at different locations. The difference between start frequency for chamber
validation and lowest test frequency has been clarified. The tuner sequencing for chamber validation and
testing is now specified to be equal in both cases. In sample requirements for chamber validation,
emphasis is now on the required minimum number of independent tuner steps to be used, whereas the
minimum recommended number of samples per frequency interval has been replaced with he number of
independent samples that the tuner can provide per frequency, for use in case when the chamber
validation fails for the required minimum number.
 Annex C now contains more quantitative guidance on the setting of the maximum permissible stirring
speeds that warrant quasi-static conditions of operation for chamber validation and testing. Consideration
is given to all characteristic time scales of all components or subsystems of a measurement or test.
Specific issues relating to chamber validation, immunity testing and bandwidth are addressed. Particular
requirements for field probes when used with mode stirred operation are listed.
 In Annex D, a requirement for the EUT and equipment not to occupy more than 8 % of the total chamber
volume in immunity testing has been added. The maximum number of frequency points and the formula
to calculate these points have been generalized. A mandatory specification for including the
measurement equipment, test plan and cable layout in the test report has been added to resolve any
dispute in case of discrepancies, particularly for low-frequency immunity testing.
 Annex E has been extended with further guidance on the value of EUT directivity to be used in the
estimation of radiated power and field. Extended estimates have been added for the maximum directivity
of electrically large, anisotropically radiating EUTs and for radiated emissions in the presence of a ground
plane. A mandatory specification for including the measurement equipment, test plan and cable layout in
the test report has been added to resolve any dispute in case of discrepancies, particularly for
low-frequency emissions testing.
 In Annex I, some clarifications on antenna efficiency measurements have been added.

- 3 - EN 61000-4-21:2011
 A new Annex K has been added that covers measurement uncertainty in reverberation chambers. The
intrinsic field uncertainty for chamber validation, immunity and emissions measurements is quantified.
Other contributors to measurement uncertainty are listed.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN and CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
The following dates were fixed:
– latest date by which the EN has to be implemented
at national level by publication of an identical
national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2011-12-03
– latest date by which the national standards conflicting
with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2014-03-03
Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC.
__________
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 61000-4-21:2011 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated:
IEC 61000-4-6 NOTE  Harmonized as EN 61000-4-6.
CISPR 16-1-2 NOTE  Harmonized as EN 55016-1-2
CISPR 16-1-3 NOTE  Harmonized as EN 55016-1-3.
CISPR 16-1-4 NOTE  Harmonized as EN 55016-1-4.
CISPR 16-1-5 NOTE  Harmonized as EN 55016-1-5.
CISPR 16-2-1 NOTE  Harmonized as EN 55016-2-1.
CISPR 16-2-2 NOTE  Harmonized as EN 55016-2-2.
CISPR 16-2-4 NOTE  Harmonized as EN 55016-2-4.
CISPR 16-2-5 NOTE  Harmonized as EN 55016-2-5.
CISPR 22 NOTE  Harmonized as EN 55022.
__________
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.

NOTE  When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD
applies.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year

IEC 60050-161 1990 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary - -
+ A1 1997 (IEV) -
+ A2 1998 Chapter 161: Electromagnetic compatibility

IEC 60068-1 - Environmental testing - EN 60068-1 -
Part 1: General and guidance
IEC 61000-4-3 2006 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - EN 61000-4-3 2006
+ A1 2007 Part 4-3: Testing and measurement + A1 2008
techniques - Radiated, radio-frequency,
electromagnetic field immunity test

CISPR 16-1-1 - Specification for radio disturbance and EN 55016-1-1 2010
immunity measuring apparatus and methods -
Part 1-1: Radio disturbance and immunity
measuring apparatus - Measuring apparatus

CISPR 16-2-3 - Specification for radio disturbance and EN 55016-2-3 2010
immunity measuring apparatus and methods -
Part 2-3: Methods of measurement of
disturbances and immunity - Radiated
disturbance measurements
IEC 61000-4-21 ®
Edition 2.0 2011-01
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
BASIC EMC PUBLICATION
PUBLICATION FONDAMENTALE EN CEM

Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) –
Part 4-21: Testing and measurement techniques – Reverberation chamber test
methods
Compatibilité électromagnétique (CEM) –
Partie 4-21: Techniques d'essai et de mesure – Méthodes d'essai en chambre
réverbérante
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
CODE PRIX XE
ICS 33.100.10; 33.100.20 ISBN 978-2-88912-324-7

– 2 – 61000-4-21  IEC:2011
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
INTRODUCTION . 7
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 8
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations . 9
3.1 Terms and definitions . 9
3.2 Abbreviations . 12
4 General . 13
5 Test environments and limitations . 13
6 Applications . 14
6.1 Radiated immunity . 14
6.2 Radiated emissions . 14
6.3 Shielding (screening) effectiveness . 14
7 Test equipment . 14
8 Chamber validation. 15
9 Testing . 16
10 Test results, test report and test conditions . 16
Annex A (informative) Reverberation chamber overview . 17
Annex B (normative) Chamber validation for mode-tuned operation . 41
Annex C (normative) Chamber validation and testing for mode-stirred operation . 50
Annex D (normative) Radiated immunity tests . 56
Annex E (normative) Radiated emissions measurements . 61
Annex F (informative) Shielding effectiveness measurements of cable assemblies,
cables, connectors, waveguides and passive microwave components . 68
Annex G (informative) Shielding effectiveness measurements of gaskets and materials . 72
Annex H (informative) Shielding effectiveness measurements of enclosures .
...