IEC 60076-14:2013

Power transformers - Part 14: Liquid-immersed power transformers using high-temperature insulation materials

IEC 60076-14:2013 applies to liquid-immersed power transformers employing either high-temperature insulation or combinations of high-temperature and conventional insulation, operating at temperatures above conventional limits. It is applicable to:
- power transformers in accordance with IEC 60076-1;
- convertor transformers according to IEC 61378 series;
- transformers for wind turbine applications in accordance with IEC 60076-16;
- arc furnace transformers;
- reactors in accordance with IEC 60076-6. This part of IEC 60076 may be applicable as a reference for the use of high-temperature insulation materials in other types of transformers and reactors. This first edition of IEC 60076-14 cancels and replaces the second edition of the Technical Specification IEC/TS 60076-14 published in 2009. It constitutes a technical revision.

Transformateurs de puissance - Partie 14: Transformateurs de puissance immergés dans du liquide utilisant des matériaux isolants haute température

La CEI 60076-14:2013 s'applique aux transformateurs immergés dans un liquide qui utilisent soit des isolants haute température soit des combinaisons d'isolants conventionnels et haute température, fonctionnant à des températures au-dessus des limites conventionnelles. Elle s'applique aux:
- transformateurs de puissance conformes à la norme CEI 60076-1;
- transformateurs de convertisseur conformes à la série CEI 61378;
- transformateurs pour applications éoliennes conformes à la norme CEI 60076-16;
- transformateurs de four à arc;
- bobines d'inductance conformes à la norme CEI 60076-6. La présente partie de la norme CEI 60076 peut s'appliquer comme référence pour l'utilisation de matériaux isolants haute température dans d'autres types de transformateurs et bobines d'inductance. Cette première édition de la CEI 60076-14 annule et remplace la deuxième édition de la Spécification technique CEI/TS 60076-14 publiée en 2009. Elle constitue une révision technique.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 15-Sep-2013
• ICS: 01 - GENERALITIES. TERMINOLOGY. STANDARDIZATION. DOCUMENTATION
• ICS: 29.140.10 - Lamp caps and holders
• ICS: 29.180 - Transformers. Reactors
• Technical Committee: TC 14 - Power transformers
• Drafting Committee: MT 4 - TC 14/MT 4
• Current Stage: PPUB - Publication issued
• Start Date: 30-Sep-2013
• Completion Date: 16-Sep-2013

Relations

• Replaces: IEC TS 60076-14:2009 - Power transformers - Part 14: Design and application of liquid-immersed power transformers using high-temperature insulation materials
• Effective Date: 05-Sep-2023

Standards Content (Sample)

IEC 60076-14 ®
Edition 1.0 2013-09
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Power transformers –
Part 14: Liquid-immersed power transformers using high-temperature insulation
materials
Transformateurs de puissance –
Partie 14: Transformateurs de puissance immergés dans du liquide utilisant des
matériaux isolants haute température

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IEC 60076-14 ®
Edition 1.0 2013-09
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Power transformers –
Part 14: Liquid-immersed power transformers using high-temperature insulation

materials
Transformateurs de puissance –

Partie 14: Transformateurs de puissance immergés dans du liquide utilisant des

matériaux isolants haute température

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
CODE PRIX XA
ICS 29.180 ISBN 978-2-8322-1096-3

– 2 – 60076-14 © IEC:2013
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
INTRODUCTION . 7
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 8
3 Terms and definitions . 9
4 Insulation systems . 11
4.1 General . 11
4.2 Winding insulation types . 12
4.2.1 General . 12
4.2.2 Summary of winding/system insulation types . 13
4.2.3 Hybrid winding types . 13
4.2.4 High-temperature insulation winding . 16
5 Temperature rise limits . 17
5.1 General . 17
5.2 Thermally upgraded paper (TUP) . 19
5.3 Cellulose used in ester liquid . 19
6 Components and materials . 19
6.1 General . 19
6.2 Leads and cables . 19
7 Special design considerations . 20
7.1 Short-circuit considerations . 20
7.2 Dielectric requirements . 20
7.3 Temperature requirements . 20
7.4 Overload . 22
8 Required information . 23
8.1 Information to be provided by the purchaser . 23
8.1.1 Ambient temperatures and loading cycle . 23
8.1.2 Other unusual service conditions . 23
8.2 Information to be provided by the manufacturer . 23
8.2.1 Thermal characteristics . 23
8.2.2 Guarantees . 23
9 Rating plate and additional information . 23
9.1 Rating plate . 23
9.2 Transformer manual . 24
10 Test requirements. 24
10.1 Routine, type and special tests . 24
10.2 Dissolved gas analysis . 24
10.3 OD cooled compact transformers . 24
10.4 Evaluation of temperature-rise tests for windings with multiple hot-spots . 24
10.5 Dielectric type tests . 26
11 Supervision, diagnostics, and maintenance . 27
11.1 General . 27
11.2 Transformers filled with mineral insulating oil . 27
11.3 Transformers filled with high-temperature insulating liquids . 27
Annex A (informative) Insulation materials . 28

60076-14 © IEC:2013 – 3 –
Annex B (informative) Rapid temperature increase and bubble generation . 35
Annex C (informative) Ester liquid and cellulose . 38
Annex D (normative) Insulation system coding . 52
Bibliography . 55

Figure 1 – Example of semi-hybrid insulation windings . 14
Figure 2 – Example of a mixed hybrid insulation winding . 15
Figure 3 – Example of full hybrid insulation windings . 16
Figure 4 – Example of high-temperature insulation system . 17
Figure 5 – Temperature gradient conductor to liquid . 21
Figure 6 – Modified temperature diagram for windings with mixed hybrid insulation
system . 26
Figure A.1 – Example of a thermal endurance graph . 29
Figure B.1 – Bubble evolution temperature chart. 36
Figure C.1 – Tensile strength ageing results of TUP in mineral oil and natural ester
liquid. 39
Figure C.2 – Composite tensile strength ageing results of TUP in mineral oil and
natural ester liquid . 40
Figure C.3 – DP ageing results of TUP in mineral oil and natural ester liquid . 41
Figure C.4 – Composite DP ageing results of TUP in mineral oil and natural ester liquid. 42
Figure C.5 – Tensile strength ageing results of kraft paper in mineral oil and natural
ester liquid . 42
Figure C.6 – Composite tensile strength ageing results of kraft paper in mineral oil and
natural ester liquid . 43
Figure C.7 – DP ageing results of kraft paper in mineral oil and natural ester liquid . 43
Figure C.8 – Composite DP ageing results of kraft paper in mineral oil and natural
ester liquid . 44
Figure C.9 – Infrared spectra of kraft paper aged in liquid at 110 °C for 175 days . 46
Figure C.10 – Unit life versus temperature of TUP ageing data (least squares fit) . 48
Figure C.11 – Unit life versus temperature of kraft paper ageing data (least squares fit) . 48

Table 1 – Preferred insulation system thermal classes . 12
Table 2 – Winding/system insulation comparison . 13
Table 3 – Maximum continuous temperature rise limits for transformers with hybrid
insulation systems . 18
Table 4 – Maximum continuous temperature rise limits for transformers with high-
temperatur
...