ISO 16154:2005

Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry — Installation of lighting, light signalling and marking devices for travel on public roadways

ISO 16154:2005 specifies the characteristics and installation of lighting and marking devices on agricultural and forestry tractors, self-propelled agricultural machines, agricultural trailers and trailed machines when operated on public roads. It is not applicable to purpose-built forestry machines as defined in ISO 6814 or to motor vehicles such as automobiles, buses, trucks and their trailers.

Tracteurs et matériels agricoles et forestiers — Installation des dispositifs d'éclairage, de signalisation lumineuse et d'identification pour circulation sur route

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 18-Apr-2005
• ICS: 43.040.30 - Indicating and control devices
• ICS: 65.060.10 - Agricultural tractors and trailed vehicles
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 23/SC 4 - Tractors
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 23/SC 4 - Tractors
• Current Stage: 9093 - International Standard confirmed
• Completion Date: 05-Aug-2022

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 16154
First edition
2005-04-15

Tractors and machinery for agriculture
and forestry — Installation of lighting,
light signalling and marking devices for
travel on public roadways
Tracteurs et matériels agricoles et forestiers — Installation des
dispositifs d'éclairage, de signalisation lumineuse et d'identification pour
circulation sur route




Reference number
ISO 16154:2005(E)
©
ISO 2005

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ISO 16154:2005(E)
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ISO 16154:2005(E)
Contents Page
Foreword. iv
1 Scope. 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions. 1
4 General requirements . 6
Annex A (normative) Lighting, marking, signalling and retro-reflective devices — Data sheets . 9
Annex B (normative) Colorimetric characteristics of illuminating and signalling lights. 28
Annex C (normative) Forward visibility of red lights and rearward visibility of white lights . 30
Annex D (normative) Lamp surfaces, reference axis, centre of reference and angles of geometric
visibility. 32
Annex E (informative) Other requirements for lighting and marking devices . 34
Annex F (informative) Technical specifications of lighting and marking devices covered by other
standards . 38
Bibliography . 39

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ISO 16154:2005(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 16154 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 23, Tractors and machinery for agriculture and
forestry, Subcommittee SC 4, Tractors.

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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16154:2005(E)

Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry —
Installation of lighting, light signalling and marking devices
for travel on public roadways
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies the characteristics and installation of lighting and marking devices on
agricultural and forestry tractors, self-propelled agricultural machines, agricultural trailers and trailed machines
when operated on public roads. It is not applicable to purpose-built forestry machines as defined in ISO 6814
or to motor vehicles such as automobiles, buses, trucks and their trailers.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 303, Road vehicles — Installation of lighting and light signalling devices for motor vehicles and their
trailers
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 303 and the following apply.
3.1
angles of geometric visibility
angles which determine the field of the minimum solid angle in which the apparent surface of the lamp must
be visible
NOTE 1 The field of the solid angle is determined by the segments of the sphere of which the centre coincides with the
centre of reference of the lamp and the equator is parallel with the ground. These segments are determined in relation to
the reference axis. The horizontal angles β correspond to the longitude and the vertical angles α to the latitude. There
must be no obstacle on the inside of the angles of geometric visibility to the propagation of light from any part of the
apparent surface of the lamp observed from infinity.
NOTE 2 If measurements are taken closer to the lamp, the direction of observation must be shifted parallel to achieve
the same accuracy.
NOTE 3 On the inside of the angles of geometric visibility, no account is taken of obstacles already present when the
lamp was type-approved.
NOTE 4 If, when the lamp is installed, any part of the apparent surface of the lamp is hidden by any further parts of the
vehicle, proof shall be furnished that the part of the lamp not hidden by obstacles still conforms to the photometric values
prescribed for the approval of the device as an optical unit (see Annex C). Nevertheless, when the vertical angle of
geometric visibility below the horizontal may be reduced to 5° (lamp at less than 750 mm above the ground) the
photometric field of measurements of the installed optical unit may be reduced to 5° below the horizontal.
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ISO 16154:2005(E)
3.2
reference axis
characteristic axis of the lamp determined by the manufacturer (of the lamp) for use as the direction of
reference (H = 0°, V = 0°) for angles of field for photometric measurements and for installing the lamp on the
vehicle
NOTE See Annex D.
3.3
centre of reference
intersection of the reference axis with the exterior light-emitting surface
NOTE 1 It is specified by the manufacturer of the lamp.
NOTE 2 See Annex D.
3.4
closed-circuit tell-tale
light (or equivalent device) showing that a device has been switched on but not showing whether or not it is
operating correctly
3.5
dipped-beam headlamp
lower-beam headlamp
dipped-beam headlight
lamp used to illuminate the road or the ground ahead of the tractor or self-propelled machine without causing
undue dazzle or discomfort to oncoming drivers and other road users
3.6
end-outline marker lamp
lamp used to indicate the overall width of the tractor, self-propelled machine, trailer or trailed machine and to
complement the machine's front- and rear-position lamps by drawing particular attention to its bulk
3.7
extreme outer edge
plane on either side of the vehicle, parallel to the vehicle's median longitudinal plane and touching its lateral
outer edge, but disregarding the projection of tyres near the point of contact with the ground, connections for
tire-pressure gauges, rear-view mirrors, end-outline marker lamps, front- and rear-position lamps, and retro-
reflectors
3.8
front direction indicator lamp
lamp used to indicate to other road users that the operator intends to change direction to the right or left
3.9
front fog lamp
lamp used to improve the illumination of the road or the ground ahead of the tractor or self-propelled machine
under conditions of fog or other conditions which adversely affect visibility
3.10
front implement connector
device used to transmit electrical power and/or signals from an agricultural tractor or self-propelled machine to
a front-mounted implement
3.11
front-position lamp
lamp used to indicate the presence and width of the tractor, self-propelled machine, trailer or trailed machine
when viewed from the front
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ISO 16154:2005(E)
3.12
front retro-reflector
device used to improve the visible detectability of a wide tractor, self-propelled machine, trailer or trailed
machine when viewed from the front
3.13
ground
surface on which the vehicle stands and which normally is substantially horizontal
3. 14
hazard warning signal
simultaneous operation of all direction-indicator lamps of tractor, self-propelled machine, trailer or trailed
machine to show that the vehicle temporarily constitutes a special danger to other road users
3.15
illuminating surface
〈lighting device〉 orthogonal projection of the full aperture of the reflector, or in the case of headlamps with an
ellipsoidal reflector of the “projection lens”, on a transverse plane
NOTE 1 If the lighting device has no reflector, the definition of the illuminating surface of a light signalling device (see
3.16) applies. If the light-emitting surface of the lamp extends over part only of the full aperture of the reflector, then the
projection of that part only is taken into account.
NOTE 2 In the case of a dipped-beam headlamp, the illuminating surface is limited by the apparent trace of the cut-off
on to the lens. If the reflector and lens are adjustable relative to one another, the mean adjustment is preferred.
NOTE 3 Adapted from ISO 7227:1987.
NOTE 4 See Annex D.
3.16
illuminating surface
〈light signalling device other than a retro-reflector〉 orthogonal projection of the lamp in a plane perpendicular
to its reference axis and in contact with the exterior light-emitting surface of the lamp, this projection being
bounded by the edges of screens situated in this plane, each allowing only 98 % of the total luminous intensity
of the light to persist in the reference axis direction
NOTE 1 Adapted from ISO 7227:1987.
NOTE 2 To determine the lower, upper and lateral limits of the illuminating surface, only screens with horizontal or
vertical edges are used to verify the distance to the extreme outer edges (3.7) of the vehicle and the height above the
ground. For other applications of the illuminating surface, e.g. distance between two lamps or functions, the shape of the
periphery of this illuminating surface is used. The screens remain parallel, but other orientations are permitted.
NOTE 3 In the case of a light signalling device whose illuminating surface encloses either totally or partially the
illuminating surface of another function or encloses a non-lighted surface, the illuminating surface can be considered to be
the light-emitting surface itself.
NOTE 4 See Annex D.
3.17
illuminating surface
〈retro-reflector〉 orthogonal projection of the retro-reflector (as declared by the applicant during the component
approval procedure) in a plane perpendicular to its reference axis and delimited by planes contiguous to the
declared outermost parts of its optical system and parallel to that axis
NOTE For the purposes of determining the lower, upper and lateral edges of the device, only horizontal and vertical
planes are considered.
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ISO 16154:2005(E)
3.18
main beam headlamp
upper beam headlamp
driving light
lamp used to illuminate the road or the ground over a long distance ahead of the tractor or self-propelled
machine
3.19
median longitudinal plane
vertical plane passing through the longitudinal centreline of the vehicle
3.20
operational tell-tale
light or auditory device (or equivalent device) showing whether a device that has been actuated is operating
correctly or not
3.21
overall width
distance between the two extreme outer edges
3. 22
rear direction indicator lamp
lamp used to indicate to other road users that the operator intends to change direction to the right or left
3.23
rear fluorescent marking
device used to improve the daytime visible detectability of a wide tractor, self-propelled machine, trailer or
trailed machine when viewed from the rear
3.24
rear fog lamp
lamp used to render the tractor, self-propelled machine, trailer or trailed machine more readily visible from the
rear in conditions of fog or other conditions which adversely affect visibility
3.25
rear implement connector
device used to transmit electrical power and/or signals from an agricultural tractor or self-propelled agricultural
machine to a rear-mounted implement, agricultural trailer or trailed machine
3.26
rear-position lamp
lamp used to indicate the presence and the width of tractor, self-propelled machine, trailer or trailed machine
when viewed from the rear
3.27
rear registration-plate lamp
lamp used to illuminate the space intended to accommodate the rear registration plate
3.28
rear retro-reflector
device used to improve the visible detectability of a tractor, self-propelled machine, trailer or trailed machine
when viewed from the rear
3.29
reversing lamp
lamp actuated when the operator has moved the control to select the reverse direction, provided to illuminate
the area to the rear of the machine
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ISO 16154:2005(E)
3.30
self-propelled machine
vehicle fitted with wheels or endless tracks and having at least two axles, primarily designed for use in
agriculture or forestry and which, according to its design and the permanently mounted devices on the vehicle,
is suitable and intended to perform work
NOTE Additionally, there may be transport facilities which are suitable and intended to carry instruments and
auxiliaries required for the performance of work as well as materials resulting from and necessary for the work for
intermediate storage.
3.31
side retro-reflector
device used to improve the visible detectability of a tractor, self-propelled machine, trailer or trailed machine
when viewed from the side
3.32
signalling panel
device used to indicate to other road users the presence of a wide tractor, self-propelled machine, trailer or
trailed machine when viewed from the front and rear
3.33
slow-moving vehicle identification emblem
SMV emblem
device used to indicate the presence of a slow-moving tractor, self-propelled machine, trailer or trailed
machine when viewed from the rear
3.34
special warning lamp
beacon
light used to draw the attention of other road users to the presence of an extra-wide tractor or self-propelled
machine
3.35
stop lamp
lamp used to indicate to road users to the rear of the tractor, self-propelled machine, trailer or trailed machine
that the operator has actuated the service brake control or another primary control used to slow the machine
3.36
tractor
vehicle fitted with wheels or endless tracks and having at least two axles, the main function of which lies in its
tractive power and which is especially designed to tow, push, carry and/or power certain tools, machinery or
trailers intended by the manufacturer for agricultural or forestry use or similar application
3.37
trailed machine
trailed vehicle for agricultural or forestry use fitted with wheels or endless tracks which, by design and its
permanently mounted devices, is intended to perform work
NOTE 1 Additionally, there may be transport facilities which are suitable and intended to carry instruments and
auxiliaries required for the performance of work as well as materials resulting from, and necessary for, the work for
intermediate storage.
NOTE 2 If the transport facilities are not designed for the treatment (e.g. stirring) of auxiliaries and materials when
travelling on the road, or if the ratio of permissible gross weight to empty weight is larger than 3, the trailed machine is
classified as a trailer.
3.38
trailer
trailed vehicle for agricultural or forestry use fitted with wheels or endless tracks, intended mainly to carry
loads and designed to be towed by a tractor or self-propelled machine
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ISO 16154:2005(E)
3.39
transverse plane
vertical plane perpendicular to the median longitudinal plane of the vehicle
3.40
vehicle
agricultural or forestry tractor, self-propelled agricultural machine, agricultural trailer or trailed agricultural
machine
3.41
work lamp
working light
lamp used for illuminating the working areas to the front, rear or side
4 General requirements
4.1 Horizontal and vertical angles
For the purposes of this International Standard, the horizontal angles shall be β corresponding to the
1
outboard and β corresponding to the inboard, and the vertical angles shall be α corresponding to up and α
2 1 2
corresponding to down (see data sheets in Annex A)
4.2 Mounting of devices
4.2.1 General
The lighting, signalling and marking lights and retro-reflective devices shall be so fitted that under normal
circumstances of use, and notwithstanding any vibration to which they may be subjected, they retain the
characteristics laid down in, and enable the vehicle to comply with the requirements of Annex A. In particular,
it shall not be possible for the adjustment of the lamps to be inadvertently disturbed.
4.2.2 Trailed machines
The lighting and signalling devices of trailed machines may be removable, provided they can be fixed rigidly to
the vehicle.
4.3 Check of alignment and height
The height and alignment of the lamps shall be verified with the unladen machine on a flat, horizontal surface.
4.4 Lamps constituting a pair
In the absence of specific requirements, lamps constituting a pair shall
a) be fitted to the machine symmetrically in relation to the median longitudinal plane and at the same height
above the ground, except on machines with unsymmetrical shape,
b) satisfy the same colorimetric characteristics (see Annex E), and
c) have substantially identical photometric characteristics (see Annex E).
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ISO 16154:2005(E)
4.5 Maximum and minimum heights
The maximum height above ground shall be measured from the highest point and the minimum height above
ground from the lowest point of the illuminating surface. When the height requirements are substantially met, it
is sufficient to refer to actual lamp edges (see ISO 303).
4.6 Width position
The width position shall be determined from the edge of the illuminating surface furthest from the median
longitudinal plane of the vehicle when referred to the overall width, and from the inner edge of the illuminating
surfaces when referred to the distance between the lamps.
4.7 Light causing confusion
4.7.1 No red light that could lead to confusion shall be visible from the front; no white light that could cause
confusion shall be visible from the rear, apart from the light emitted by the reversing lamp, rear
registration-plate lamp or the work lamps. The compliance with these requirements shall be tested in
accordance with Annex C. During the test, the machine shall be located on a horizontal plane, and, in the
case of articulated frame steering, in a straight position.
4.7.2 There shall be no direct visibility of a red light if viewed by an observer moving within Zone 1 in a
transverse plane situated 25 m in front of the machine. See Figure C.1.
4.7.3 There shall be no direct visibility of a white light if viewed by an observer moving within Zone 2 in a
transverse plane situated 25 m behind the machine. See Figure C.2.
4.8 Assembly of lamps
Lamps may be grouped, combined or reciprocally incorporated with one another provided that all
requirements regarding colour, position, orientation, geometric visibility, electrical connections and other
requirements, if any, for each lamp are fulfilled.
4.9 Electrical connections
4.9.1 Front- and rear-position (side) lamps, rear registration-plate lamp
The electrical connections shall be such that the front- and rear-position (side) lamps, and the rear
registration-plate lamp if it exists, can only be switched on and off simultaneously.
4.9.2 Main-beam and dipped-beam headlamps, front and rear fog lamps
The electrical connections shall be such that the main-beam and dipped-beam headlamps, and the front and
rear fog lamps if they exist, cannot be switched on unless the lamps referred to in 4.9.1 are also switched on.
This requirement shall not apply, however, to main-beam or dipped-beam headlamps when luminous
warnings are given by the intermittent illuminating at short intervals of the dipped-beam headlamps or the
intermittent illuminating at short intervals of the main-beam headlamps or the alternate illumination at short
intervals of the main-beam and dipped-beam headlamps.
4.10 Concealable lamps
4.10.1 The concealment of lamps is prohibited excepting, and only when not in use, the
 main-beam headlamp,
 dipped-beam headlamp, and
 front fog lamp.
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ISO 16154:2005(E)
4.10.2 When all three of these lamps are concealed, the fitting of front retro-reflectors is recommended.
4.10.3 When concealable lamps are in use, they shall always be in their correct operating position,
irrespective of any failure of the mechanism used for concealment.
4.11 Variable position lamps
The position of the direction indicator lamps, the front- and rear-position (side) lamps and the stop lamps may
be varied, provided these lamps
a) remain visible even when their position is altered, and
b) may be locked in the position required by traffic conditions and that locking is automatic.
4.12 Number of lamps
The number of lighting, marking, signalling and retro-reflective devices fitted to the vehicle according to
Annex E shall be equal to the number specified for each lighting device in Annex F.
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ISO 16154:2005(E)
Annex A
(normative)

Lighting, marking, signalling and retro-reflective devices — Data sheets
A.0 Index to data sheets
Lighting
A.1 Dipped/lower-beam headlamp (dipped-beam light)
A.2 Main/upper-beam headlamp (driving light)
A.3 Work lamp (working light)
A.4 Reversing lamp
Marking/warning lights
A.5 Front-position lamp
A.6 Rear-position lamp
A.7 End-outline marker lamp
A.8 Stop lamp
A.9 Front direction indicator lamp
A.10 Rear direction indicator lamp
A.11 Hazard warning signal
A.12 Special warning lamp (beacon)
Special purpose lighting
A.13 Rear registration-plate lamp
A.14 Front fog lamp
A.15 Rear fog lamp
Retro-reflective/marking devices
A.16 Rear retro-reflector
A.17 Rear fluorescent marking
A.18 Front retro-reflector
A.19 Side retro-reflector
A.20 Slow-moving vehicle identification emblem (SMV emblem)
A.21 Signalling panel
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ISO 16154:2005(E)
Implement/trailer connectors
A.22 Rear implement connector
A.23 Front implement connector
A.1 Dipped-beam headlamp
A.1.1 Colour of the light White
A.1.2 Number Two [only one pair shall be illuminated at one
time if machine is equipped with additional
pair(s)]
A.1.3 Dimensions (in millimetres)
H (maximum height above ground) u 4 000
1
H (minimum height above ground) W 500
2
D (distance between lamps)
Spaced as widely as practicable
E (distance from outer edge of vehicle)
No requirements
A.1.4 Minimum angles of geometric visibility (in degrees)
α (upwards)
15°
1
α (downwards) 10° (5° if front ballast weights requires)
2
β (outwards) 45°
1
β (inwards) 5°
2
A.1.5 Alignment Towards the front
A.1.6 Electrical connections The control for changing over to the dipped
beam shall switch off all main-beam headlamps
simultaneously
The dipped beams may remain switched on at
the same time as the main beams
A.1.7 Tell-tale indicator Optional

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ISO 16154:2005(E)
A.2 Main/upper beam headlamp (driving light)
A.2.1 Colour of the light White
A.2.2 Number Two or four
A.2.3 Dimensions (in millimetres)
H (maximum height above ground) u 4 000
1
H (minimum height above ground) W 500
2
D (distance between lamps)
No requirements
E (distance from outer edge of vehicle)
The outer edges of the illuminating surfaces
shall in no case be closer to the extreme outer
edge of the machine than the outer edges of the
illuminating surfaces of the dipped/lower beam
headlamp
A.2.4 Minimum angles of geometric visibility (in degrees)
α (upwards) 5°
1
α (downwards)
5°
2
β (outwards) 5°
1
β (inwards) 5°
2
A.2.5 Alignment Towards the front
A.2.6 Electrical connections The main-beam headlamps may be switched on
either simultaneously or in pairs. For changing
over from the dipped to the main beam at least
one pair of main beams must be switched on.
The control for changing over to the dipped
beam shall switch off all main-beam headlamps
simultaneously
The dipped beams may remain switched on at
the same time as the main beams
A.2.7 Tell-tale indicator Mandatory — a blue warning light shall be visible
in the operator's field of view when the main-
beam headlamps are switched on

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ISO 16154:2005(E)
A.3 Work lamp (working light)
A.3.1 Colour of the light Optional
A.3.2 Number No requirements
A.3.3 Dimensions (in millimetres)
H (maximum height above ground) No requirements
1
H (minimum height above ground) No requirements
2
D (distance between lamps) No requirements
E (distance from outer edge of vehicle) No requirements
A.3.4 Minimum angles of geometric visibility (in degrees)
No requirements
α (upwards)
1
No requirements
α (downwards)
2
β (outwards): No requirements
1
β (inwards) No requirements
2
A.3.5 Alignment Any direction, or all around where necessary
A.3.6 Electrical connections Lamp(s) shаll work independent of other lamps
If illuminated during road travel, shall be aimed
downward to avoid blinding or confusing drivers
of other vehicles
A.3.7 Tell-tale indicator Optional

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ISO 16154:2005(E)
A.4 Reversing lamp
A.4.1 Colour of the light White
A.4.2 Number One or two
A.4.3 Dimensions (in millimetres)
H (maximum height above ground) u 2 300 preferred, 2 600 if bodywork dictates
1
H (minimum height above ground) W 250
2
D (distance between lamps) No requirements
E (distance from outer edge of vehicle) No requirements
A.4.4 Minimum angles of geometric visibility (in degrees)
α (upwards) 15°
1
α (downwards) 5°
2
β (outwards) 45°
1
β (inwards) 45° (30° if there are two)
2
A.4.5 Alignment Rearwards
A.4.6 Electrical connections Shall only light up if reverse gear is engaged and
the engine starting/stopping device is in the
position that operation of the engine is possible
A.4.7 Tell-tale indicator Optional

A.5 Front-position lamp
A.5.1 Colour of the light White or amber
A.5.2 Number Two or four
A.5.3 Dimensions (in millimetres)
H (maximum height above ground) u 2 300 preferred, 2
...