ISO/TC 23/SC 19 - Agricultural electronics

This document provides the means of evaluating the performance of ISO 11784- and ISO 11785-conformant radiofrequency identification (RFID) transponders used in the individual identification of animals. It defines procedures of measuring technical parameters characterizing the performance of transponders. In Annex B an explanation is given how to interpret these parameters and how to link them to infield requirements.

This document primarily specifies both general design requirements and guidelines for protection of operators and bystanders against electric shock and electrically induced fire, for voltage classes A2 (32 V DC to 60 V DC and 21 V AC to 30 V AC) and B1 (60 V DC to 75 V DC and 30 V AC to 50 V AC), including waveforms synthesized by power electronic converters. This document is limited to addressing hazards that are not as commonly found in 12 V DC and 24 V DC systems, including those related to higher power converters and drive motors. NOTE 1 Although protection against electrically induced fire hazards is addressed sparingly, conformance to content of this document has the impact of reducing the occurrence and hazards associated with fire. This document is applicable to electric systems used on: — tractors, self-propelled ride-on machines, interchangeable towed machinery, semi-mounted implements, and mounted implements used in or with agriculture and forestry; and — earth-moving machinery (EMM) as defined in ISO 6165 and attachments. For mobile machinery with multiple rated voltages, with at least one system rated greater than VC-B1, this document addresses the risks associated with the interactions between VC-A2 and VC-B1 systems and those systems which are nearby and rated greater than VC-B1. NOTE 2 Electrical safety requirements for greater than VC-B1 are described in ISO 16230-1 for agricultural machines and ISO 14990 series for earth-moving machines. NOTE 3 Although 12 V DC and 24 V DC systems are generally below the limits of this document, meeting appropriate requirements of this document ensures that proper protection exists between the covered systems and lower voltage systems. This document is applicable to mobile machinery that are either externally powered or self-powered or both. Alternative safety requirements can be necessary for special equipment or components such as underground mining equipment. This document does not address the additional risks for mobile machinery operating in potentially explosive atmospheres. This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations, or hazardous events relevant within its scope (see Annex A), when the mobile machinery is used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer. It specifies appropriate technical measures for eliminating or reducing risks arising from significant hazards, hazardous situations, or hazardous events during commissioning, operation, and maintenance. This document is not applicable to mobile machinery manufactured before the date of its publication.

This document provides the means of evaluating the conformance with ISO 11784 and ISO 11785 of radiofrequency identification (RFID) transponders used in the individual identification of animals. It sets forth the conditions for the granting and use of the manufacturer code related to a transponder and the associated rights and obligations of the parties involved in the issuance of the code.

This document specifies the structure of the radio-frequency (RF) identification code for animals.

This document specifies principles for the design of agricultural machinery and tractors utilizing systems (perception, supervisory or other) to prevent unintended excursions beyond the boundary of the autonomous operating zone which are used in agricultural applications and that have partially automated, semi-autonomous and autonomous functions. Additionally, it provides guidance on the type of information to be provided by the manufacturer on safe working practices (including information about residual risks). The autonomous operating zone itself is not within the scope of this document. The autonomous operating zone can include, for example, considerations for the autonomous operating zone location, physical or virtual boundaries, physical boundary types (natural or man-made) and the associated risks with the systems (perception, supervisory or other) to prevent unintended excursions beyond the boundary of the autonomous operating zone design. The purpose of this document is to assist in the provision of more specific safety requirements, means of verification and information for use to ensure an appropriate level of safety for agricultural machinery and tractors with partially automated, semi-autonomous and autonomous functions used in a specified way. This document deals with the significant hazards relevant to agricultural machinery and tractors with partially automated, semi-autonomous and autonomous functions when used as intended and under the conditions of misuse reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer during normal operation and service. Applicability of the design principles and any additional detailed requirements for design, verification, validation or information for use are outside the scope of this document. When risk assessment concludes that hazards are not significant hazards, the principles of this document do not apply. NOTE Safety requirements for specific non-automated functions of agricultural machinery and tractors can be available in machine-specific type-C standards. This document is not applicable to: — forestry applications; — operations on public roads including relevant requirements for braking and steering systems. This document is not applicable to agricultural machinery and tractors which are manufactured before the date of its publication, or to systems applied to agricultural machinery and tractors put into use before the date of its publication.

This document specifies principles for verification methods and validation principles of agricultural machinery and tractors that are used in agricultural applications and that have partially automated, semi-autonomous and autonomous functions. The purpose of this document is to assist in the provision of more specific safety requirements, means of verification and information for use to ensure an appropriate level of safety for agricultural machinery and tractors with partially automated, semi-autonomous and autonomous functions used in a specified way. This document deals with the significant hazards relevant to agricultural machinery and tractors with partially automated, semi-autonomous and autonomous functions when used as intended and under the conditions of misuse reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer during normal operation and service. Applicability of the design principles and any additional requirements, for design, verification, validation or information for use are outside the scope of this document. When risk assessment concludes that hazards are not significant hazards, the principles of this document do not apply. NOTE Safety requirements for specific non-automated functions of agricultural machinery and tractors can be available in machine-specific type-C standards. This document is not applicable to: — forestry applications; — operations on public roads including relevant requirements for braking and steering systems. This document is not applicable to agricultural machinery and tractors which are manufactured before the date of its publication, or to systems applied to agricultural machinery and tractors put into use before the date of its publication.

This document specifies principles for the design of obstacle protective systems used in agricultural machinery and tractors that are used in agricultural applications and that have partially automated, semi-autonomous and autonomous functions. Additionally, it provides guidance on the type of information to be provided by the manufacturer on safe working practices (including information about residual risks). The purpose of this document is to assist in the provision of more specific safety requirements, means of verification and information for use to ensure an appropriate level of safety for agricultural machinery and tractors with partially automated, semi-autonomous and autonomous functions used in a specified way. This document deals with the significant hazards relevant to agricultural machinery and tractors with partially automated, semi-autonomous and autonomous functions when used as intended and under the conditions of misuse reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer during normal operation and service. Applicability of the design principles and any additional detailed requirements for design, verification, validation or information for use are outside the scope of this document. When risk assessment concludes that hazards are not significant hazards, the principles of this document do not apply. NOTE Safety requirements for specific non-automated functions of agricultural machinery and tractors can be available in machine-specific type-C standards. This document is not applicable to: — forestry applications; — operations on public roads including relevant requirements for braking and steering systems. This document is not applicable to agricultural machinery and tractors which are manufactured before the date of its publication, or to systems applied to agricultural machinery and tractors put into use before the date of its publication.

This document specifies principles for the design of agricultural machinery and tractors that are used in agricultural applications and that have partially automated, semi-autonomous and autonomous functions. Additionally, it provides guidance on the type of information to be provided by the manufacturer on safe working practices (including information about residual risks). The purpose of this document is to assist in the provision of more specific safety requirements, means of verification and information for use to ensure an appropriate level of safety for agricultural machinery and tractors with partially automated, semi-autonomous and autonomous functions used in a specified way. This document deals with the significant hazards relevant to agricultural machinery and tractors with partially automated, semi-autonomous and autonomous functions when used as intended and under the conditions of misuse reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer during normal operation and service. Applicability of the design principles and any additional detailed requirements for design, verification, validation or information for use are outside the scope of this document. When risk assessment concludes that hazards are not significant hazards, the principles of this document do not apply. NOTE Safety requirements for specific non-automated functions of agricultural machinery and tractors can be available in machine-specific type-C standards. This document is not applicable to: — forestry applications; — operations on public roads including relevant requirements for braking and steering systems. This document is not applicable to agricultural machinery and tractors which are manufactured before the date of its publication, or to systems applied to agricultural machinery and tractors put into use before the date of its publication.

This document specifies the communication interface, so that the transmitted parameters, signals and objects between a supply system (SS), with power converter/switch (PC/S) and high power interface – master control (HPI-MC) including the tractor implement management (TIM) server, and a consumer system (CS), with application (APP) and high power interface – control (HPI-C) including the TIM client and the task controller, can be used is in the agricultural industry. The mentioned signals are used during identification, initialization, operation, and shutdown modes of operation. This document does not cover the definitions of suspect parameter numbers (SPNs) for the signals, within the parameter group numbers (PGNs) for messages and the message setup. These definitions are given in ISO 11783 and SAE J1939. NOTE For information on messages (PGNs) see also Annex B.

This document defines the rules for encoding the animal identification code in a specific memory bank known as MB 01 in the memory of an ISO 18000-63 transponder (UHF RFID technology).

This document specifies measures applicable to the class B2 voltage DC bus of a supply system which is intended to power detachable electrical CS(s). — electrical specification of the high power interface — operating modes (e. g. initialization, normal operation, energy feedback, connect/disconnect procedures and disconnect in case of malfunction) — Communication parameters (basic framework: signals, ranges, units, states of supply system and CS) The document contains simplified electrical diagrams showing specific aspects of the required functionality.

This document specifies safety requirements for auto-guidance systems used in agricultural tractors and self-propelled agricultural machines. It is applicable to auto-guidance systems which are factory installed as an integral part of the tractor or self-propelled machine, as well as systems designed to be retrofitted to equipment after such equipment has left the control of the manufacturer. It is not applicable to guidance systems used in tractors or self-propelled machines that do not require an on-board operator for primary control of the tractor or self-propelled machine. This document does not specify requirements necessary to ensure the integrity of the complex electronic control system which can be an integral part of the auto-guidance system. Such requirements are dealt with in other International Standards which address complex electrical/electronic machine control systems. This document is not applicable to tractors and self-propelled machines which were manufactured with an auto-guidance system, and to self-contained auto-guidance retrofit systems, which were individually placed on the market before the date of publication of this document. NOTE Specific road traffic regulations can impose additional requirements for auto-guidance systems.

This document specifies direction for the design of the physical interface between a supply system and a consumer system. Electrical, geometrical and test requirements are defined within this document.

This document specifies required measures applicable to the HPI AC Interface between a supply system (typically located on an agricultural tractor) and detachable electrical consumer system (typically located on an agricultural implement). This document covers the following: — HPI system topologies; — interface relevant characteristics of the HPI providing AC or combined AC and DC; — interface relevant characteristics of the HPI AC load (for relevant characteristics of a DC load, see ISO 23316‑5); — logical, operational and electrical characteristics of the HPI: — operating mode aspects, and — communication parameters NOTE This document contains simplified electrical diagrams showing specific aspects of the required functionality.

This document describes the general safety requirements and guidance for the electrical high-power interface (HPI) in the ISO 23316 series. The following topics are not within the scope of this document: — service, maintenance, and related diagnostics; — functional safety; — control strategies for high power supply systems (PS) and load consumption systems; — application-specific strategies and operational modes; — component design; — energy storage systems, e. g. supercapacitors or batteries; — multiple electrical power supplies to a common DC-link.

This document instructs the manufacturers of tractors and implements how to integrate mechanically and use the HPI. NOTE The terms "tractor" and "implement” are used instead of “supply system” and “consumer system” for better understanding in this part.

This document describes the implement messages application layer of the network, specifying the message set and defining the messages used for communication with and between tractors and connected implements.

This document specifies an extensible communication system concept and defines rules for adding new functionalities to cover specific use cases.

This document describes the general purpose and structure of the ISO 23316 series and common elements of the ISO 23316 series. The following topics are not within the scope of this document: — service, maintenance, and related diagnostics; — functional safety; — control strategies for high-power supplies and loads; — application-specific strategies and operational modes; — component design; — energy storage systems, e. g. supercapacitors or batteries; — multiple electrical power supplies to a common DC-link.

The message set specified in this document is designed to support the needs of tractors and implements in using the services of a file server (FS). An FS is a distinct control function (CF) on the mobile implement control system that enables all CFs to store or retrieve data from a file-based storage device.

This document specifies injectable transponders to all animals included in the Equidae family. It describes two (2) injection sites already in use for official identification in different countries. It pictures the anatomically defined injection point as well as the angle and the deepness of the cannula to be inserted into the body.

This document provides design requirements and guidance for the manufacturers of electrical and electronic equipment for use in all kinds of mobile (including hand-held) agricultural machinery, forestry machinery, landscaping and gardening machinery [referred to hereafter as machine(s)]. The term machinery covers tractors and implements. This document gives tests for specific environmental conditions and defines severity levels for tests which relate to the environmental extremes that can be experienced in practical operation of the equipment. This document is intended to be used in determining the suitability of the equipment of these machines, for use in a specified range of environmental conditions. NOTE The severity levels given are general guidelines and not guaranteed worst-case exposure levels.

This document specifies the concept phase of the development of safety-related parts of control systems (SRP/CS) on tractors used in agriculture and forestry and on self-propelled ride-on machines and mounted, semi-mounted and trailed machines used in agriculture. It can also be applied to mobile municipal equipment (such as street-sweeping machines). This document is not applicable to: — aircraft and air-cushion vehicles used in agriculture; — lawn and garden equipment. This document specifies the characteristics and categories required of SRP/CS for carrying out their safety-related functions. It does not identify performance levels for specific applications. NOTE 1 Machine specific type-C standards can specify performance levels (AgPL) for safety-related functions in machines within their scope. Otherwise, the specification of AgPL is the responsibility of the manufacturer. This document is applicable to the safety-related parts of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic systems (E/E/PES), as these relate to mechatronic systems. It covers the possible hazards caused by malfunctioning behaviour of E/E/PES safety-related systems, including interaction of these systems. It does not address hazards related to electric shock, fire, smoke, heat, radiation, toxicity, flammability, reactivity, corrosion, release of energy, and similar hazards., unless directly caused by malfunctioning behaviour of E/E/PES safety-related systems. It also covers malfunctioning behaviour of E/E/PES safety-related systems involved in protection measures, safeguards, or safety-related functions in response to non-E/E/PES hazards. Examples included within the scope of this document: — SRP/CS's limiting current flow in electric hybrids to prevent insulation failure/shock hazards; — electromagnetic interference with the SRP/CS; — SRP/CS's designed to prevent fire. Examples not included within the scope of this document: — insulation failure due to friction that leads to electric shock hazards; — nominal electromagnetic radiation impacting nearby machine control systems; — corrosion causing electric cables to overheat. This document is not applicable to non-E/E/PES systems (such as hydraulic, mechanic or pneumatic). NOTE 2 See also ISO 12100 for design principles related to the safety of machinery. This document is not applicable to safety-related parts of control systems manufactured before the date of its publication.

This document describes the management of source addresses (SAs) for control functions (CFs) of electronic control units (ECUs), the association of addresses with the functional identification of a device and the detection and reporting of network-related errors. It also specifies procedures for initialization of network-connected ECUs.

ISO 11783 specifies a serial data network for control and communications on forestry or agricultural tractors and mounted, semi-mounted, towed or self-propelled implements. Its purpose is to standardize the method and format of transfer of data between sensors, actuators, control elements, and information-storage and -display units, whether mounted on, or part of, the tractor or implement. ISO 11783 also provides an open interconnect system for on-board electronic systems used by agriculture and forestry equipment. It is intended to enable electronic control units (ECUs) to communicate with each other, providing a standardized system. This document defines and describes the network's 250 kbit/s, twisted, non-shielded, quad-cable physical layer and an alternative cable and architecture named twisted pair physical layer (TPPL) based on a 250 kbit/s, un-shielded, twisted pair cable network layer which is fully backward compatible to twisted quad based machines and devices. NOTE Where not differently specified, requirements are valid for both twisted quad and TPPL.

ISO 11783, as a whole, specifies a serial data network for control and communications on forestry or agricultural tractors and mounted, semi-mounted, towed, or self-propelled implements. Its purpose is to standardize the method and format of transfer of data between sensors, actuators, control elements and information storage, and display units, whether mounted on, or part of, the tractor or implement. This document describes the network's diagnostic system. NOTE The name and contact information of the Maintenance Agency for this document can be found at http://www.iso.org/mara.

This document specifies principles for the design of highly automated aspects of highly automated machines and vehicles (e.g. agricultural tractors, tractor implement systems, implements and self-propelled machinery) during agricultural field operations. In addition, it provides guidance on the type of information on safe working practices (including information about residual risks) to be provided by the manufacturer. The purpose of this document is to assist in the provision of safety requirements, means of verification and information for use to ensure an appropriate level of safety for agricultural and forestry tractors and self-propelled machines with functions allowing highly automated operations (see 3.7). This document deals with all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events (as listed in Annex A), relevant to agricultural and forestry tractors and self-propelled machines allowing highly automated field operations when used as intended and under the conditions of misuse foreseeable by the manufacturer during normal operation and service. NOTE 1 While this document gives principles for the design, verification, validation and provision of information for use of a highly automated agricultural machine (HAAM), the detailed specification of requirements for a specific application will be dependent on the machine and its operating conditions. Therefore, the principles for design given in this document need to be extended for specific HAAM by the use of relevant specific (type-C) standards, when available, or by the manufacturer of the machine using risk assessment. Such additional specification of requirements, for design, verification, validation or information for use are outside the scope of this document. NOTE 2 Safety requirements for specific machines not related to their highly automated operations can be available in machine-specific type-C standards. This document is not applicable to: — forestry applications; — mobile, semi-mobile or stationary machinery used for farm yard or barn operations; — operations on public roads including relevant requirements for braking and steering systems. NOTE 3 With respect to implements (e.g. their specific design, functions) and the communication between tractors and implements, additional risks can be relevant and can require additional measures. Such additional measures are outside the scope of this document and are the responsibility of the manufacturer. This document is not applicable to agricultural and forestry tractors, tractor implement systems, implements and self-propelled machines which are manufactured before the date of its publication.

This document specifies the application, the network layer protocols and the mapping to the controller area network (CAN) data link layer protocol as specified in ISO 11898-1. The application layer specifies protocol data units (PDU), which can be mapped to Classical CAN data frames using the Classical Extended Frame Format (CEFF). For PDUs exceeding the length of the CEFF-formatted data frames, this document specifies transport layer protocols and the mapping to CEFF-formatted data frames.

This document sets out general principles for the design and development of safety-related parts of control systems (SRP/CS) on tractors used in agriculture and forestry and on self-propelled ride-on machines and mounted, semi-mounted and trailed machines used in agriculture. It can also be applied to mobile municipal equipment (e.g. street-sweeping machines). This document is not applicable to: — aircraft and air-cushion vehicles used in agriculture; — lawn and garden equipment. This document specifies the characteristics and categories required of SRP/CS for carrying out their safety-related functions. It does not identify performance levels for specific applications. NOTE 1 Machine specific type-C standards can specify performance levels (AgPL) for safety-related functions in machines within their scope. Otherwise, the specification of AgPL is the responsibility of the manufacturer. This document is applicable to the safety-related parts of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic systems (E/E/PES), as these relate to mechatronic systems. It covers the possible hazards caused by malfunctioning behaviour of E/E/PES safety-related systems, including interaction of these systems. It does not address hazards related to electric shock, fire, smoke, heat, radiation, toxicity, flammability, reactivity, corrosion, release of energy, and similar hazards, unless directly caused by malfunctioning behaviour of E/E/PES safety-related systems. It also covers malfunctioning behaviour of E/E/PES safety-related systems involved in protective measures, safeguards, or safety-related functions in response to non-E/E/PES hazards. Examples included within the scope of this document: — SRP/CS limiting current flow in electric hybrids to prevent insulation failure/shock hazards; — electromagnetic interference with the SRP/CS; — SRP/CS designed to prevent fire. Examples not included in the scope of this document: — insulation failure due to friction that leads to electric shock hazards; — nominal electromagnetic radiation impacting nearby machine control systems; — corrosion causing electric cables to overheat. This document is not applicable to non-E/E/PES systems (e.g. hydraulic, mechanic or pneumatic). NOTE 2 See also ISO 12100 for design principles related to the safety of machinery. This document is not applicable to safety related parts of control systems manufactured before the date of its publication.

This document sets out general principles for the design and development of safety-related parts of control systems (SRP/CS) on tractors used in agriculture and forestry and on self-propelled ride-on machines and mounted, semi-mounted and trailed machines used in agriculture. It can also be applied to mobile municipal equipment (e.g. street-sweeping machines). This document is not applicable to: — aircraft and air-cushion vehicles used in agriculture; — lawn and garden equipment. This document specifies the characteristics and categories required of SRP/CS for carrying out their safety-related functions. It does not identify performance levels for specific applications. NOTE 1 Machine specific type-C standards can specify performance levels (AgPL) for safety-related functions in machines within their scope. Otherwise, the specification of AgPL is the responsibility of the manufacturer. This document is applicable to the safety-related parts of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic systems (E/E/PES), as these relate to mechatronic systems. It covers the possible hazards caused by malfunctioning behaviour of E/E/PES safety-related systems, including interaction of these systems. It does not address hazards related to electric shock, fire, smoke, heat, radiation, toxicity, flammability, reactivity, corrosion, release of energy, and similar hazards, unless directly caused by malfunctioning behaviour of E/E/PES safety-related systems. It also covers malfunctioning behaviour of E/E/PES safety-related systems involved in protective measures, safeguards, or safety-related functions in response to non-E/E/PES hazards. Examples included within the scope of this document: — SRP/CS's limiting current flow in electric hybrids to prevent insulation failure/shock hazards; — electromagnetic interference with the SRP/CS; — SRP/CS's designed to prevent fire. Examples not included in the scope of this document: — insulation failure due to friction that leads to electric shock hazards; — nominal electromagnetic radiation impacting nearby machine control systems; — corrosion causing electric cables to overheat. This document is not applicable to non-E/E/PES systems (e.g. hydraulic, mechanic or pneumatic). NOTE 2 See also ISO 12100 for design principles related to the safety of machinery. This document is not applicable to safety related parts of control systems manufactured before the date of its publication.

This document sets out general principles for the design and development of safety-related parts of control systems (SRP/CS) on tractors used in agriculture and forestry and on self-propelled ride-on machines and mounted, semi-mounted and trailed machines used in agriculture. It can also be applied to mobile municipal equipment (e.g. street-sweeping machines). This document is not applicable to: — aircraft and air-cushion vehicles used in agriculture; — lawn and garden equipment. This document specifies the characteristics and categories required of SRP/CS for carrying out their safety-related functions. It does not identify performance levels for specific applications. NOTE 1 Machine specific type-C standards can specify performance levels (AgPL) for safety-related functions in machines within their scope. Otherwise, the specification of AgPL is the responsibility of the manufacturer. This document is applicable to the safety-related parts of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic systems (E/E/PES), as these relate to mechatronic systems. It covers the possible hazards caused by malfunctioning behaviour of E/E/PES safety-related systems, including interaction of these systems. It does not address hazards related to electric shock, fire, smoke, heat, radiation, toxicity, flammability, reactivity, corrosion, release of energy, and similar hazards, unless directly caused by malfunctioning behaviour of E/E/PES safety-related systems. It also covers malfunctioning behaviour of E/E/PES safety-related systems involved in protective measures, safeguards, or safety-related functions in response to non-E/E/PES hazards. Examples included within the scope of this document: — SRP/CS limiting current flow in electric hybrids to prevent insulation failure/shock hazards; — electromagnetic interference with the SRP/CS; — SRP/CS designed to prevent fire. Examples not included in the scope of this document: — insulation failure due to friction that leads to electric shock hazards; — nominal electromagnetic radiation impacting nearby machine control systems; — corrosion causing electric cables to overheat. This document is not applicable to non-E/E/PES systems (e.g. hydraulic, mechanic or pneumatic). NOTE 2 See also ISO 12100 for design principles related to the safety of machinery. This document is not applicable to safety related parts of control systems manufactured before the date of its publication.

This document defines the physical link between analogue cameras mounted on implements and operator terminals or monitors installed in tractor cabins. The interface supports up to two analogue video streams and provides electrical power to the cameras. It is designed to be installed inside the cab of agricultural equipment.

ISO 11783 as a whole specifies a serial data network for control and communications on forestry or agricultural tractors, mounted, semi-mounted, towed or self propelled implements. Its purpose is to standardize the method and format of transfer of data between sensor, actuators, control elements, information storage and display units whether mounted or part of the tractor, or any implements. This document describes a universal virtual terminal that can be used by both tractors and implements.

ISO 14223-3:2018 describes the information that is stored in the advanced transponder memory, its format and the procedures for accessing such information. This document defines two parts of memory: a) the fixed part (mandatory): ISO 11785 data field; Data_Config field; b) the user part (optional): field of fixed allocation for defined data; uses an Object Identifier for data field separation in order to have maximum flexibility for future requirements.

ISO 11783-1:2017 as a whole specifies a serial data network for control and communications on forestry or agricultural tractors and mounted, semi-mounted, towed or self-propelled implements. Its purpose is to standardize the method and format of transfer of data between sensors, actuators, control elements, and information-storage and -display units, whether mounted on, or part of, the tractor or implement. It is intended to provide open system interconnect (OSI) for electronic systems used by agricultural and forestry equipment. This part of ISO 11783 gives a general overview of ISO 11783. For ISO 11783 application developers, the content of this electronic database provides the current listing of the ISO 11783‑1 address assignments, identity assignments, and parameter definitions which have been assigned and which are officially registered by SAE J1939. This information is found in the online database on the ISOBUS website (http://www.isobus.net/). NOTE The secretariat of the maintenance agency (MA) is provided by VDMA (German Engineering Federation) on behalf of DIN.

ISO 24631-1:2017 provides the means of evaluating the conformance with ISO 11784 and ISO 11785 of radiofrequency identification (RFID) transponders used in the individual identification of animals. It sets forth the conditions for the granting and use of the manufacturer code related to a transponder and the associated rights and obligations of the parties involved in the issuance of the code. The test procedures specified in this document are recognized by the Federation of European Companion Animals Veterinary Association (FECAVA) and World Small Animal Veterinarian Association (WSAVA) and, as such, can be applied also to companion animals.

ISO 24631-3:2017 provides the means of evaluating the performance of ISO 11784- and ISO 11785-conformant radiofrequency identification (RFID) transponders used in the individual identification of animals. The test procedures specified in this document are recognized by the Federation of European Companion Animals Veterinary Association (FECAVA) and World Small Animal Veterinarian Association (WSAVA) and as such can be applied also to companion animals.

ISO 24631-4:2017 provides the means of evaluating the performance of ISO 11784- and ISO 11785-conformant RFID (radiofrequency identification) transceivers used in the individual identification of animals. The test procedures specified in this document are recognized by the Federation of European Companion Animals Veterinary Association (FECAVA) and World Small Animal Veterinarian Association (WSAVA) and, as such, can be applied also to companion animals.

ISO 24631-2:2017 provides the means of evaluating the conformance with ISO 11784 and ISO 11785 of radiofrequency identification (RFID) transceivers used in the individual identification of animals. It also specifies the procedure for applying for a transceiver test registration and the associated rights and obligations of the parties involved. ISO 24631-2:2017 includes a wireless synchronization test applicable to mobile transceivers; however, it contains no provision for evaluating the wired synchronization of stationary transceivers. The test procedures specified in this document are recognized by the Federation of European Companion Animals Veterinary Association (FECAVA) and World Small Animal Veterinarian Association (WSAVA) and, as such, can be applied also to companion animals.

ISO 16230-1:2015 is applicable to tractors and self-propelled ride-on machines, mounted implements, and towed implements used in agriculture and forestry. This part of ISO 16230 specifies general requirements that relate to the protection and safety of operators and bystanders on machines with on-board voltages in the range of 50 V AC to 1000 V AC and 75 V DC to 1500 V DC. This part of ISO 16230 applies to electrical equipment and parts of the electrical equipment on such machines and includes general requirements related to the protection and safety of operators, bystanders, and first responders. ISO 16230-1:2015 deals with significant hazards, hazardous situations, and events, as listed in Annex A, relevant to this agricultural machinery when used as intended and under the conditions of misuse foreseeable by the manufacturer during normal operation and service. ISO 16230-1:2015 is not applicable to the following: - specific design elements of external interfaces (e.g. the interface between a tractor and implement); - externally powered equipment (e.g. line powered equipment, equipment without on-board power generation); - purpose built forestry machines; - stationary electrical generators. ISO 16230-1:2015 is not applicable to machines which are manufactured before the date of its publication.

ISO 11783 as a whole specifies a serial data network for control and communications on forestry or agricultural tractors and mounted, semi-mounted, towed, or self-propelled implements. Its purpose is to standardize the method and format of transfer of data between sensors, actuators, control elements, and information storage and display units, whether mounted on, or part of, the tractor or implement. ISO 11783-10:2015 describes the task controller applications layer, which defines the requirements and services needed for communicating between the task controller (TC) and electronic control units. The data format to communicate with the farm-management computer, the calculations required for control, and the message format sent to the control function are defined in ISO 11783-10:2015.

ISO 15639-1:2015 of the injection sites of animal species is related to different species and several fields of interest. After decades of market experience, migration of the transponder is still a problem in most animal species being identified by injectable transponders. Migration is related to several factors. The major issues are the injection site and the application of the injectable transponder but the correct injection site can be dictated by the dimensions (length and diameter) of the injectable transponder. In dogs and cats, this is not a big issue as the transponders used are the smallest readily available. There are several publications which precisely describe the application of injectable transponders anatomically but there is a demand from the community to have a comprehensive overview of all aspects related to the application and use of injectable transponders for different animal species.

ISO 24631-5:2014 specifies rules and procedures for verifying the capability of RFID transceivers of reading transponders used in individual animal identification complying to ISO 11784 and ISO 11785. In addition, ISO 24631-5:2014 specifies how to apply for an approval and the rights and duties to use this approval. ISO 24631-5:2014 does not set out the procedures for evaluating wireless synchronised mobile transceivers and also this document contains no provision for evaluating wired synchronisation of stationary transceivers. This test differs from ISO 24631‑2, which is intended for testing transceivers with all mandatory features described in ISO 11784 and ISO 11785. The test described here is intended for cost-effective non-synchronising transceivers that are capable of reading transponders complying to ISO 11784 and ISO 11785 but have no synchronisation capability and does not have to support the dual adaptive protocol. Furthermore, the activation field frequency accuracy is more relaxed.

ISO 11783 as a whole specifies a serial data network for control and communications on forestry or agricultural tractors, mounted, semi-mounted, towed or self propelled implements. Its purpose is to standardize the method and format of transfer of data between sensors, actuators, control elements, information storage and display units whether mounted, or part of the tractor or any implement. ISO 11783-14:2013 specifies a sequence control system, such as a headland management system, which includes tractor and implement functions in one system. The system allows recording of multiple sequences of operator-activated functions from a tractor or any other control function on the ISO 11783 network, and replaying them on operator command.

ISO 24631-7:2012 specifies rules and procedures for synchronizing RFID transceivers while reading transponders used in individual animal identification complying to ISO 11784 and ISO 11785. The synchronization scheme described herein may be fully implemented within each reader, and such readers when attached to the synchronization bus create a peer-to-peer network (all readers are equal ? there is no dedicated master). Additionally, a cluster of readers, which could be in a master/slave configuration, may also be added to the bus using a dedicated, manufacturer specific Synchronization Interface. The Synchronization Interface presents to the synchronization bus electrical characteristics identical to those of a single peer-to-peer reader. The transceiver conformance standard ISO 24631-2 permits activation on/off timing tolerances of −0/+1 ms and therefore gives reader manufacturers options as to their preferred method for detecting the HDX header; partial or full. However, when synchronizing readers, irrespective of which header detection method is used, it is critical that all readers adhere strictly to the specific timings and timing tolerances as given in the timing diagrams. Particular attention should also be given to fault diagnostics which becomes more important when a reader network comprises products from different manufacturers. The obvious case is where a reader which is part of a network has become detached e.g. sync cable break, and it considers it's self to be now standalone and thus permitted to operate asynchronously to the detriment of all other readers.

ISO 12188-2:2012 specifies the process for evaluating and reporting the performance of agricultural vehicles equipped with automated guidance systems based on a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) when operating in an automatic steering mode. The main performance criterion is the lateral deviation of a representative point on the vehicle from a desired trajectory for that point. This performance criterion integrates the uncertainties associated with the performance of all components of the vehicle guidance system including the positioning device(s), automated steering components, and vehicle mechanisms and dynamics. ISO 12188-2:2012 focuses on steady-state tracking performance of the automated guidance system while travelling on straight paths over a level surface.

ISO 11783 as a whole specifies a serial data network for control and communications on forestry or agricultural tractors and mounted, semi-mounted, towed or self-propelled implements. Its purpose is to standardize the method and format of transfer of data between sensor, actuators, control elements and information-storage and display units, whether mounted on, or part of, the tractor or implement. ISO 11783-9:2012 describes the Tractor ECU, the control function that provides the gateway between the network's tractor and implement buses, as well as performing other functions.