ISO/TR 25080:2025
(Main)Wood and wood-based products — Background and examples of calculating contributions to carbon stored in harvested wood products (HWP)
Wood and wood-based products — Background and examples of calculating contributions to carbon stored in harvested wood products (HWP)
This document provides background information, methods and examples of calculating contributions to carbon stored in wood-based products (harvested wood products, HWP), including storage resulting from HWPs in landfill and bio-CCS, as defined in ISO 13391-1:2025. It includes background to the tier 1 HWP coefficients for various wood-based product categories defined in ISO 13391-1:2025.
Bois et produits à base de bois — Contexte et exemples de calcul des contributions au carbone stocké dans les produits ligneux récoltés (PLR)
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
Technical
Report
ISO/TR 25080
First edition
Wood and wood-based products —
2025-05
Background and examples of
calculating contributions to
carbon stored in harvested wood
products (HWP)
Bois et produits à base de bois — Contexte et exemples de calcul
des contributions au carbone stocké dans les produits ligneux
récoltés (PLR)
Reference number
© ISO 2025
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ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 The harvested wood product coefficient (HWP coefficient) concept . 1
5 Background and options provided by IPCC Guidelines and their applicability for
reporting at an organizational level . 2
5.1 General .2
5.2 HWP approaches to estimate greenhouse gas dynamics .2
5.2.1 Approaches .2
5.2.2 Estimating greenhouse gas dynamics based on carbon stock changes .3
5.2.3 Estimating greenhouse gas dynamics based on greenhouse gas fluxes to the
atmosphere .4
5.3 HWP methods to estimate greenhouse gas dynamics .5
5.4 IPCC tiers 2 and 3 calculations .7
6 Tier 1 calculations . 7
6.1 General .7
6.2 First order decay in IPCC tier 1 .7
6.3 Data requirements to calculate HWP coefficients in ISO 13391-1 .8
6.4 Using HWP coefficients in the first order decay model in ISO 13391-1 .9
6.5 Tier 1 HWP coefficients .11
7 Calculation of HWP contribution under tiers 2 and 3 .12
7.1 General . 12
7.2 Recycling rates and market growth . 12
7.3 HWP coefficient for roundwood .14
7.4 Product residence time . 15
7.4.1 IPCC country-specific half-lives . 15
7.4.2 Refining the IPCC country-specific half-life at an organizational level . 15
7.4.3 Altering the function used to model residence time .16
7.4.4 Tier 3 calculation of HWP contribution .16
7.4.5 Considerations based on IPCC guidelines .16
8 Data availability/Literature review . 17
9 Examples of methods for calculating HWP coefficients .18
9.1 Assumptions .18
9.2 Example 1: Using national inventory reports and country-level statistics on wood-
based products .19
9.3 Example 2: Using market development data .21
9.4 Using organization-specific data . 23
9.5 Note on sensitivity related to assumptions and limitations in the examples . 23
10 HWPs in landfill and other methods of woody carbon storage .24
10.1 General .24
10.2 Tier 1 approach for landfill carbon storage .24
10.3 Considering non-standard landfills . 25
10.4 Tier 2 methods for material entering landfill using half-life . 25
10.4.1 General . 25
10.4.2 Recycling . 26
10.4.3 Burning for energy . 26
10.4.4 Landfilling .27
Bibliography .30
iii
Foreword
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This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 287, Sustainable processes for wood and wood-
based products.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
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iv
Introduction
ISO 13391-1 defines a framework for calculating greenhouse gas dynamics of wood and wood-based
products. The framework identifies a component for wood-based carbon (i.e. biogenic carbon stored in
wood-based products), representing the contributions to the harvested wood products (HWP) pool and
wood-based carbon storage in landfills or through biogenic carbon capture and storage (bio-CCS), see
Figure 1. ISO 13391-1 further elaborates on the calculation of these contributions based on the delivery of a
set of wood and wood-based products in a specified time period at an organizational or aggregate level. This
document provides additional background and examples to users of ISO 13391-1.
ISO 13391-1 introduces the concept of a HWP coefficient to estimate the long-term contribution of a set of
wood and wood-based products to the HWP pool. It is defined as a factor for calculating the net contribution
to the HWP pool per delivered volume of a wood-based product. Subclause 5.4 of that document elaborates
on the calculation of HWP coefficients.
Figure 1 — Illustration of the components of the greenhouse gas dynamics of wood and wood-based
products
This document provides background and examples. Clause 4 introduces the concept of an HWP coefficient,
as used in ISO 13391-1. Clause 5 considers the background to quantification of HWP storage, with particular
relevance to the IPCC methodologies used for national reporting.
Clause 6 considers the data requirements for calculating HWP coefficients and provides examples of HWP
coefficients, according to the tier 1 methodology of ISO 13391-1. These include factors for recycling.
This is followed by Clause 7, in which the details of calculating HWP coefficients are considered, when
working from market data and models. The concept of handling recycling within HWP coefficient
calculations is introduced. It also considers the other methodologies for HWP calculations, as discussed in
the I
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