ISO 15519-1:2010
(Main)Specification for diagrams for process industry — Part 1: General rules
Specification for diagrams for process industry — Part 1: General rules
ISO 15519-1:2010 provides general rules and guidelines for the preparation and presentation of information in diagrams for process industry.
Spécifications pour schémas de l'industrie de traitement — Partie 1: Règles générales
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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 15519-1
First edition
2010-03-01
Specification for diagrams for process
industry —
Part 1:
General rules
Spécifications pour schémas de l'industrie de traitement —
Partie 1: Règles générales
Reference number
ISO 15519-1:2010(E)
©
ISO 2010
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ISO 15519-1:2010(E)
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ISO 15519-1:2010(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction.vi
1 Scope.1
2 Normative references.1
3 Terms and definitions .2
3.1 Basic terms .2
3.2 Document types.3
3.3 Reference designation.4
4 Documentation principles .5
4.1 General .5
4.2 Technical product documentation.5
4.3 Representation aspects.6
4.4 Focus area in this part of ISO 15519 .7
5 Document sheets.7
5.1 General .7
5.2 Identification area.10
5.3 Content areas.10
6 Lines .11
6.1 Types of line.11
6.2 Width of lines .11
6.3 Space between lines .11
6.4 Leader lines and reference lines.11
7 Reference designations.12
7.1 Introduction.12
7.2 General .12
7.3 Boundary frames .14
7.4 Transition .15
7.5 Objects in a sheet.16
8 Port designations .17
9 Location references .18
10 Technical data and explanatory notes .19
10.1 Components and devices.19
10.2 Flow paths.19
10.3 Explanatory notes .19
10.4 Supplementary diagram symbols.19
11 Graphical symbols .20
11.1 General .20
11.2 Creation of new symbol examples .20
11.3 Features of symbols.20
11.4 Use of symbols in diagrams.22
12 Connections.26
12.1 General .26
12.2 Significant connections.26
12.3 Simplified representation .26
12.4 Joints .26
12.5 Intersections .27
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ISO 15519-1:2010(E)
12.6 References for interrupted connecting lines .27
12.7 Objects with two or more system connections .27
13 Layout of diagrams.28
13.1 General aspect .28
13.2 Functional layout .28
13.3 Topographical layout .30
14 Types of diagram .30
14.1 General.30
14.2 Overview diagrams.30
14.3 Function diagrams.31
Annex A (informative) Diagram symbols .34
Annex B (informative) Document type designation and content of information.35
Bibliography .37
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ISO 15519-1:2010(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 15519-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 10, Technical product documentation,
Subcommittee SC 10, Process plant documentation and tpd-symbols.
ISO 15519 consists of the following parts, under the general title Specification for diagrams for process
industry:
⎯ Part 1: General rules
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ISO 15519-1:2010(E)
Introduction
This part of ISO 15519 deals with preparation of diagrams and associated documents and data for process
industry.
Together with rules for the preparation of diagrams and associated documents and data, this part of
ISO 15519 includes rules and recommendations for the application of associated standards in diagrams, for
example graphical symbols and reference designation. The following diagram gives an overview of
interrelations between these standards.
Graphical symbols
In this part of ISO 15519 references are made to symbols and rules in the ISO 14617 series by using
registration numbers. Three types of registration number are used in ISO 14617:
⎯ 101 registration number for a symbol;
⎯ R101 registration number for an application rule;
⎯ X101 registration number for an application example.
When reference is made to ISO 14617, the description is in italics, e.g. “Symbol 255: Circular motion”.
Cross-references to referred symbols, rules and examples in the ISO 14617 series can be found in the
registration number index in ISO 14617-1.
Collective application standards
Technical committees, requiring a field specific standard, are allowed, in co-operation with ISO/TC 10, to
develop their own collective application standard for preparation of diagrams in accordance with the rules
given in this part of ISO 15519. Application standards should not be contradictory with respect to this source
standard.
Figures
Figures in this part of ISO 15519 are only examples for illustration of a given rule.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15519-1:2010(E)
Specification for diagrams for process industry —
Part 1:
General rules
1 Scope
This part of ISO 15519 provides general rules and guidelines for the preparation and presentation of
information in diagrams for process industry.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 128-20 Technical drawings — General principles of presentation — Part 20: Basic conventions for lines
ISO 128-21, Technical drawings — General principles of presentation — Part 21: Preparation of lines by CAD
systems
ISO 128-22, Technical drawings — General principles of presentation — Part 22: Basic conventions and
applications for leader lines and reference lines
ISO 3098-0, Technical product documentation — Lettering — Part 0: General requirements
ISO 3098-5, Technical product documentation — Lettering — Part 5: CAD lettering of the Latin alphabet,
numerals and marks
ISO 5457, Technical product documentation — Sizes and layout of drawing sheets
ISO 6428, Technical drawings — Requirements for microcopying
ISO 7200, Technical product documentation — Data fields in title blocks and document headers
ISO 14617 (all parts), Graphical symbols for diagrams
ISO/TS 16952-1, Technical product documentation — Reference designation system — Part 1: General
application rules
ISO 80000 (all parts), Quantities and units
ISO 81714-1:1999, Design of graphical symbols for use in the technical documentation of products — Part 1:
Basic rules
IEC 81714-2, Design of graphical symbols for use in the technical documentation of products — Part 2:
Specification for graphical symbols in a computer sensible form, including graphical symbols for a reference
library, and requirements for their interchange
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ISO 15519-1:2010(E)
1)
IEC 60617DB Graphical symbols for diagrams
IEC 61355-1, Classification and designation of documents for plants, systems and equipment — Part 1: Rules
and classification tables
IEC 61666, Industrial systems, installations and equipment and industrial products — Identification of
terminals within a system
IEC 81346-1:2009, Industrial systems, installations and equipment and industrial products — Structuring
principles and reference designations — Part 1: Basic rules
IEC 82045-2, Document management — Part 2: Metadata elements and information reference model
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1 Basic terms
3.1.1
document
fixed and structured amount of information intended for human perception which can be managed and
interchanged as a unit between users and systems
NOTE 1 The term document is not restricted to its meaning in a legal sense.
NOTE 2 A document can be designated in accordance with the type of information and the form of presentation, for
example overview diagram, connection table, function chart.
NOTE 3 Adapted from ISO/IEC 8613-1:1994, definition 3.58.
3.1.2
document type
document defined with respect to its specific content of information and form of presentation
EXAMPLE Overview diagram, parts lists, etc.
NOTE Adapted from IEC 62023:2000, definition 3.2.2.
3.1.3
documentation
continuous and systematic compilation and processing of recorded information for the purpose of storage,
classifying, retrieval, utilization or transmission
[ISO 5127:2001, definition 1.2.01]
3.1.4
process
sequence of chemical, physical or biological operations for the conversion, transport or storage of material or
energy
[ISO 10628:1997, definition 3.1]
1) DB = Database. (12-month subscription to online database comprising parts 2 to 13 of IEC 60617.)
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ISO 15519-1:2010(E)
3.1.5
process plant
facilities and structures necessary for performing a process
[ISO 10628:1997, definition 3.6]
3.1.6
graphical symbol
visually perceptible figure used to transmit information independently of language
[ISO 81714-1:1999, definition 3.1]
3.2 Document types
3.2.1
drawing
technical information, given on an information carrier, graphically presented in accordance with agreed rules
and usually to scale
[ISO 10209-1:1992, definition 2.11]
3.2.2
diagram
technical document showing the functions of the objects composing a system and their interrelations using
graphical symbols
3.2.3
overview diagram
diagram providing a comprehensive view of an object with low degree of detailing
[IEC 61082-1:2006, definition 3.4.1]
3.2.4
network map
overview diagram showing a network on a map
EXAMPLE Networks for district heating, district cooling, natural gas including generating stations and sub-stations.
3.2.5
block diagram
overview diagram predominantly using block symbols
EXAMPLE Rectangular symbols.
3.2.6
process flow diagram
diagram illustrating the configuration of a process system or process plant by means of graphical symbols
3.2.7
function diagram
diagram providing information about the functional behaviour of a system
NOTE Adapted from IEC 61082-1:2006, definition 3.4.2.
3.2.8
circuit diagram
diagram providing information about the circuitry of an object(s)
[IEC 61082-1:2006, definition 3.4.3]
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ISO 15519-1:2010(E)
3.2.9
piping and instrumentation diagram
P&I D
process flow diagram representing the technical realization of a process system by means of graphical
symbols for equipment, connections and process measurement and control functions
3.2.10
installation diagram
document showing the location of the components of an installation and their interconnections by means of
graphical symbols
3.2.11
parts list (document)
list of elements of an object(s)
[IEC 62027:2000, definition 3.3.1]
3.3 Reference designation
3.3.1
reference designation
identifier of a specific object with respect to the system of which the object is a constituent, based on one or
more aspects of that system
[IEC 81346-1:2009, definition 3.7]
3.3.2
object
entity treated in the process of design, engineering, realization, operation, maintenance and demolition
NOTE 1 The entity can refer to a physical or non-physical “thing”, or to a set of information associated with it.
NOTE 2 Depending on its purpose, an object can be viewed in different ways called “aspects”.
[IEC 81346-1:2009, definition 3.1]
3.3.3
aspect
specific way of selecting information on or describing a system or an object of a system
EXAMPLES: what the system or object is doing (function viewpoint);
how the system or object is constructed (product viewpoint);
where the system or object is located (location viewpoint).
[IEC 81346-1:2009, definition 3.6]
3.3.4
multi-level reference designation
reference designation derived from a structure path through an overall system
[IEC 81346-1:2009, definition 3.9]
3.3.5
reference designation set
set of reference designations of which at least one unambiguously identifies the object of interest
[IEC 81346-1:2009, definition 3.10]
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ISO 15519-1:2010(E)
4 Documentation principles
4.1 General
This clause introduces the standard and gives an overview of the content with focus on important issues. It
also, to a certain degree, gives information about subjects which are dealt with in other standards dealing with
documentation of technical products.
This clause also describes diagrams as part of the technical product documentation relations to, for example,
the life-cycle aspect, reference designation, interrelations to electrical and instrumentation and control
disciplines, etc.
4.2 Technical product documentation
4.2.1 General
Technical product documentation constitutes all technical information about a product or a system in the form
of drawings, diagrams, parts lists, reference designations, technical specifications, etc. Diagrams as specified
in this part of ISO 15519 are part of this technical product documentation.
The technical product documentation for a product or a system shall be structured and each document
classified to ease creation of references between documents in order to ease navigation within the
documentation. IEC 61355 deals with classification of documents. IEC 61355 to a certain degree applies to
the ISO field.
In the matrix of technical product documentation, diagrams and associated information, for example reference
designation and parts lists, constitutes the functional and structural part of the documentation of the product or
system, which makes diagrams one of the most important documents.
4.2.2 Interrelations between diagrams for different purposes
A typical system or process plant consists of the process system, instrumentation and control system and
electrical power supply system; see Figure 1.
The matching process documentation consists of process diagrams, instrumentation and control diagrams
and electrical power supply diagrams.
The interface between the disciplines shall be co-ordinated in order to secure, unambiguously, exchange of
information. Documentation specifications shall specify the types of document which should apply for
information interchange between the disciplines.
Key
1 process
2 electrical
3 control
Figure 1 — Interrelations between process, electrical and instrumentation and control
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ISO 15519-1:2010(E)
4.2.3 Life cycle aspects
Diagrams should be planned and developed with due consideration to the intended use during the life cycle
phases. The result is that diagrams should not only be prepared for engineering and manufacturing phases
but also for operation and maintenance phases.
Engineering and manufacturing companies should be aware that a diagram is not only used for a short period
during engineering and manufacturing but for several years during operation and maintenance phases.
ISO 15226 gives recommendations for documentation during the life cycles of a product.
4.2.4 Reference designation
Each object in a diagram should be assigned a unique reference designation, which should appear from a
parts list or a database common to the process plant.
This part of ISO 15519 deals with representation of reference designation according to IEC 81346-1 which is a
standard common to both IEC and ISO fields.
4.2.5 Documentation guidelines
In order to secure homogeneity and legibility of all diagrams in a process plant typically consisting of several
sub-systems, it is recommended – for each diagram type – to establish a documentation guideline in which
requirements for sheet sizes, graphical symbols, connections, reference designation, etc., are specified.
Examples of typical diagrams for the actual process plant should be included.
4.3 Representation aspects
4.3.1 General
Presentation of information in diagrams shall be unambiguous and well arranged in order to ensure legibility.
Further, the intended or foreseeable conditions of use should be taken into consideration when preparing
diagrams. The following aspects are of importance for legibility:
⎯ the intended medium for presentation, for example paper or screen;
⎯ the use of unambiguous graphical symbols;
⎯ the amount of information in one sheet and eventual split up into more sheets;
⎯ the size of the sheet;
⎯ the presentation of technical information;
⎯ the use of reference designation.
4.3.2 Document sheet split up
In this part of ISO 15519, split up of the document sheet into two areas is introduced: an identification area
that contains document information for identification and management of the document, for example title block
with content, metadata, etc., and a content area that contains the technical information of the document in the
form of graphical symbols, reference designation, etc.
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ISO 15519-1:2010(E)
4.3.3 Presentation forms
This part of ISO 15519 mainly focuses on diagrams presented on paper. When diagrams are prepared
predominately for screen presentation, special attention should be taken in order to secure legibility with
respect to, for example:
⎯ colours;
⎯ screen resolution;
⎯ distance between and thickness of lines.
4.4 Focus area in this part of ISO 15519
The technical part of this part of ISO 15519 covers four focus areas:
⎯ general document rules, for example document sheet, lines, lettering, etc. (Clause 5);
⎯ diagram specific subjects, for example reference designations, graphical symbols, connections, port
designations, technical data, location reference system, etc. (Clauses 6 to 12);
⎯ layout principles and layout rules for diagrams, etc. (Clause 13);
⎯ types and contents of diagrams (Clause 14).
5 Document sheets
5.1 General
5.1.1 Document sheet sizes
Document sheet sizes shall conform to ISO 5457. The following aspects shall be considered for selection of
document sheet size:
⎯ the amount of information to be presented in the sheet to ensure legibility and overview;
⎯ the composition and complexity of the design;
⎯ the possibility of using a smaller size, but with an increased number of sheets;
⎯ the size of a specific type of document should not be changed within a document set.
Elongated formats should not be used. However, when necessary, the elongation shall be in accordance with
ISO 5457. Format A3 is thus allowed, elongated to A2, A1 and A0.
5.1.2 Borders, frames, centring and grid reference system
Border and frame markings shall comply with ISO 5457, which includes:
⎯ centring marks for documents that are prepared for microfilming;
⎯ grid reference system for location reference between documents, within documents and within sheets.
The grid reference system consists of columns and rows. A zone is the cross-section of a column and a
row. Columns are designated with numbers. Rows are designated with letters. See Figure 2.
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ISO 15519-1:2010(E)
Key
1 viewing direction
2 centring marks
3 row B
4 grid reference system
5 grid reference border
6 frame
7 column 3
8 zone B3
Figure 2 — Document sheet with border, frame and grid
5.1.3 Grid system, modules
A diagram should be based on a grid system consisting of horizontal and vertical lines, not visible in the final
document. The distance between the lines shall be one module (1M), where M shall be chosen from the
series 2,0 mm, 2,5 mm, 3,5 mm, 5 mm, etc., in accordance with ISO 81714-2.
The connecting lines in the diagram shall coincide with the lines in the grid system or right between two
adjacent grid lines. For more details, see ISO 81714-1.
5.1.4 Lettering
Lettering type B in accordance with ISO 3098-0 shall be used. Vertical letters shall be used, except for letter
symbols for quantities, where sloped (inclined) letters should
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