ISO/IEC/IEEE FDIS 24748-7
(Main)Systems and software engineering — Life cycle management — Part 7: Application of systems engineering on defence programs
Systems and software engineering — Life cycle management — Part 7: Application of systems engineering on defence programs
This document establishes the requirements for systems engineering activities to be performed on projects of the United States (US) Department of Defense (DoD) and other defense agencies across the entire system life cycle, including the planning, acquisition, modification, and sustainment of defense systems. It provides the foundation for systems engineering within the context of ISO/IEC/IEEE 152881 and the acquisition environment of DoD and other defense agencies at all levels of system hierarchy. This document provides detailed requirements for the application of the life cycle processes, activities, and tasks of ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288 for use on any defense system and includes the effective integration of agreement processes, technical processes, technical management processes, and essential specialty engineering requirements.
Ingénierie des systèmes et du logiciel — Gestion du cycle de vie — Partie 7: Application de l'ingénierie des systèmes aux programmes de défense
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FINAL DRAFT
International
Standard
ISO/IEC/IEEE
FDIS
24748-7
ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 7
Systems and software
Secretariat: BIS
engineering — Life cycle
Voting begins on:
management —
2025-08-29
Part 7:
Voting terminates on:
2025-10-24
Application of systems engineering
on defence programs
Ingénierie des systèmes et du logiciel — Gestion du cycle de vie —
Partie 7: Application de l'ingénierie des systèmes aux
programmes de défense
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT,
WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY
RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE
AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING DOCUMENTATION.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE
TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL
TO BECOME STAN DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE
MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
Reference number © ISO/IEC 2025
ISO/IEC/IEEE FDIS 247487:2025(en) © IEEE 2025
FINAL DRAFT
International
Standard
ISO/IEC/IEEE
FDIS
24748-7
ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 7
Systems and software
Secretariat: BIS
engineering — Life cycle
Voting begins on:
management —
Part 7:
Voting terminates on:
Application of systems engineering
on defence programs
Ingénierie des systèmes et du logiciel — Gestion du cycle de vie —
Partie 7: Application de l'ingénierie des systèmes aux
programmes de défense
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT,
WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY
© ISO/IEC 2025
RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE
AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING DOCUMENTATION.
© IEEE 2025
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO or IEEE at the INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE
TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL
respective address below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
TO BECOME STAN DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE
ISO copyright office Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8 3 Park Avenue, New York
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva NY 10016-5997, USA
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org Email: stds.ipr@ieee.org
Website: www.iso.org Website: www.ieee.org
Published in Switzerland
Reference number © ISO/IEC 2025
ISO/IEC/IEEE FDIS 247487:2025(en) © IEEE 2025
© ISO/IEC 2025, © IEEE 2025 – All rights reserved
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vii
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 1
3.1 Terms and definitions .1
3.2 Abbreviated terms .2
4 Conformance . 3
4.1 Intended usage .3
4.2 Full conformance .3
4.2.1 Full conformance to outcomes .3
4.2.2 Full conformance to tasks .3
4.3 Tailored conformance .3
5 Key concepts and their application . 4
5.1 General .4
5.2 System concepts .4
5.2.1 Systems .4
5.2.2 System structure .4
5.2.3 Interfacing, enabling, and interoperating systems .4
5.2.4 Concepts related to the system solution context.4
5.2.5 Product line engineering (PLE).4
5.3 Organizational concepts .4
5.3.1 Organizations .4
5.3.2 Organization and project-level adoption .4
5.3.3 Organization and collaborative activities . .4
5.4 System of systems concepts .4
5.4.1 Differences between systems and SoS .4
5.4.2 Managerial and operational independence .4
5.4.3 Taxonomy of SoS .4
5.4.4 SoS considerations in life cycle stages of a system .5
5.4.5 Application of this document to SoS .5
5.5 Life cycle concepts .5
5.5.1 System life cycle model .5
5.5.2 System life cycle stages .5
5.6 Process concepts .6
5.6.1 Criteria for processes .6
5.6.2 Description of processes .6
5.6.3 General characteristics of processes .6
5.7 Processes in this document .6
5.7.1 General .6
5.7.2 Agreement processes .6
5.7.3 Organizational project-enabling processes .7
5.7.4 Technical management processes.7
5.7.5 Technical processes .7
5.8 Process application .7
5.8.1 Overview .7
5.8.2 Process iteration, recursion, and concurrency .8
5.8.3 Process views .8
5.9 Concept and system definition .8
5.10 Assurance and quality characteristics.8
5.11 Process reference model .8
6 System life cycle processes . 9
6.1 Agreement processes .9
© ISO/IEC 2025, © IEEE 2025 – All rights reserved
iii
6.1.1 Acquisition process .9
6.1.2 Supply process .9
6.2 Organizational project-enabling processes .10
6.2.1 Life cycle model management process .10
6.2.2 Infrastructure management process .10
6.2.3 Portfolio management process .10
6.2.4 Human resource management process .11
6.2.5 Quality management process .11
6.2.6 Knowledg
...
ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 7/N9903
ISO JTC 1/SC 7/WG7 N3200
Secretariat: BIS
Date: 2025-07-15
Second Edition
Systems and software engineering – — Life cycle management – —
Part 7:
Application of systems engineering on defensedefence programs
Ingénierie des systèmes et du logiciel – — Gestion du cycle de vie – —
Partie 7: Application de l’ingénieriel'ingénierie des systèmes aux programmes de défense
FDIS stage
ISO/IEC/IEEE DIS FDIS 24748-7:xxxx(X2025(en)
© ISO/IEC 2025
© IEEE 2025
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication
may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying,
or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO
or IEEE at the respective address below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8 3 Park Avenue, New York
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva NY 10016-5997, USA
Phone: + 41 22 749 01 11
Email: E-mail: copyright@iso.org Email: stds.ipr@ieee.org
Website: www.iso.org Website: www.ieee.org
Published in Switzerland
© ISO/IEC/ 2025, © IEEE 2024 2025 – All rights reserved
ii
Contents
Foreword . iv
Introduction . vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 1
3.1 Terms and definitions . 1
3.2 Abbreviated terms . 2
4 Conformance . 3
4.1 Intended usage . 3
4.2 Full conformance . 3
4.3 Tailored conformance . 3
5 Key concepts and their application . 3
5.1 General . 3
5.2 System concepts . 4
5.3 Organizational concepts . 4
5.4 System of systems concepts . 4
5.5 Life cycle concepts . 5
5.6 Process concepts . 7
5.7 Processes in this document . 7
5.8 Process application . 9
5.9 Concept and system definition . 10
5.10 Assurance and quality characteristics . 10
5.11 Process reference model . 10
6 System life cycle processes . 10
6.1 Agreement processes . 10
6.2 Organizational project-enabling processes . 11
6.3 Technical management processes . 14
6.4 Technical processes . 23
Bibliography . 41
IEEE notices and abstract . 43
© ISO/IEC 2025, © IEEE 2025 – All rights reserved
iii
ISO/IEC/IEEE DIS FDIS 24748-7:xxxx(X2025(en)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members
of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees
established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC
technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental
and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types of
document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC
Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives or www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs).
IEEE Standards documents are developed within IEEE Societies and subcommittees of IEEE Standards
Association (IEEE SA) Board of Governors. IEEE develops its standards through an accredited consensus
development process, which brings together volunteers representing varied viewpoints and interests to
achieve the final product. IEEE standards are documents developed by volunteers with scientific, academic,
and industry-based expertise in technical working groups. Volunteers are not necessarily members of IEEE or
IEEE SA and participate without compensation from IEEE. While IEEE administers the process and establishes
rules to promote fairness in the consensus development process, IEEE does not independently evaluate, test,
or verify the accuracy of any of the information or the soundness of any judgments contained in its standards.
ISO and IEC draw attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of
(a) patent(s). ISO and IEC take no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed
patent rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO and IEC had not received
notice of (a) patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are
cautioned that this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database
available at www.iso.org/patents and https://patents.iec.ch. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for
identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
In the IEC, see www.iec.ch/understanding-standards.
This document was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology,
Subcommittee SC 7, Software and systems engineering, in cooperation with the Systems and Software
Engineering Standards Committee of the IEEE Computer Society, under the Partner Standards Development
Organization cooperation agreement between ISO and IEEE.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO/IEC/IEEE 24748-7:2019), which has been
technically revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— — aligned content to ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288:2023 which was recently revised
— — converted from original IEEE Std format to ISO format
— — updated necessary defence specific language to include outputs
© ISO/IEC/ 2025, © IEEE 2024 2025 – All rights reserved
iv
— — Added/updated defence references
A list of all parts in the ISO/IEC/IEEE 24748 series can be found on the ISO and IEC websites.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html and www.iec.ch/national-
committees.
© ISO/IEC 2025, © IEEE 2025 – All rights reserved
v
ISO/IEC/IEEE DIS FDIS 24748-7:xxxx(X2025(en)
Introduction
For effective and efficient application of ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288 on defence programs, additional application
requirements are needed. ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288 is written in a general manner to address all types of systems
and different modes of application. Thus, it does not have requirements specific to the use by defence projects
that facilitate effective implementation of an acquirer-supplier agreement, such as use in defence contracts.
This document implements ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288 for application on defence programs, providing the defence-
specific language and terminology to help ensure the correct application of acquirer-supplier requirements
for a defence program. It provides the basis for selection, negotiation, agreement, and performance of
necessary systems engineering activities and delivery of products, while allowing flexibility for both
innovative implementation and tailoring of the specific systems engineering process(es) to be used by system
suppliers, either contractors or government system developers, integrators, maintainers, or sustainers. This
document includes the expected or required outputs and associated attributes.
© ISO/IEC/ 2025, © IEEE 2024 2025 – All rights reserved
vi
FINAL DRAFT International Standard ISO/IEC/IEEE FDIS 24748-7:2025(en)
Systems and software engineering – — Life cycle management – —
Part 7:
Application of systems engineering on defensedefence programs
1 Scope
This document establishes the requirements for systems engineering activities to be performed on projects of
defence agencies, including the United States (US) Department of Defense (DoD), across the entire system life
cycle. This document implements ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288 for use by defence agencies in acquiring systems or
systems engineering support, including the planning, acquisition, operation, modification, and sustainment of
defence systems. It provides the foundation for systems engineering within the context of ISO/IEC/IEEE
15288. This document provides detailed requirements for the application of the life cycle processes, activities,
and tasks of ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288 for use on any defence system and includes the effective integration of
agreement processes, technical processes, technical management processes, organizational project enabling
processes, and essential specialty engineering requirements. While primarily supporting the acquirer-
supplier agreement mode, this document also can be used to support the other modes: use by organizations,
projects, and process assessors.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288:2023, Systems and software engineering — System life cycle processes
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO, IEC and IEEE maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— — ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— — IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
— — IEEE Standards Dictionary Online: available at http://dictionary.ieee.org
NOTE For additional terms and definitions in the field of systems and software engineering, see
ISO/IEC/IEEE 24765, which is published periodically as a “snapshot” of the SEVOCAB (Systems and software Engineering
Vocabulary) database and which is publicly accessible at http://www.computer.org/sevocab.
3.1.1 3.1.1
allocated baseline
approved requirements for a product, subsystem or component, describing the functional, performance,
interoperability, and in
...
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