SIST EN 12878:2014
(Main)Pigments for the colouring of building materials based on cement and/or lime - Specifications and methods of test
Pigments for the colouring of building materials based on cement and/or lime - Specifications and methods of test
EN 12878 specifies the requirements and the methods of test for pigments for use in the colouring of building materials based on cement and cement/lime combinations. Pigments covered by this European Standard may also be used in pure lime mortar. For this application see EN 459-1 and EN 459-2. Pigments for this purpose may be single pigments, blends of pigments, or blends of pigments and extenders, in powder or granular form, or aqueous preparations. Pigments typically belong to one of the following classes of compounds: synthetic or natural oxides and hydroxides of iron; oxides of chromium, titanium and manganese; complex inorganic pigments, for example combinations of the above mentioned metal oxides and hydroxides with cobalt, aluminium, nickel and antimony oxides and hydroxides; ultramarine pigments; phthalocyanine blue and green; elemental carbon (shall be regarded as an inorganic pigment); blends of the above materials (which may also include extenders).
Pigmente zum Einfärben von zement- und/oder kalkgebundenen Baustoffen - Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren
Diese Europäische Norm legt die Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren für Pigmente fest, die zum Einfärben von Baustoffen aus Zement und Zement-/Kalkmischungen verwendet werden. Pigmente nach dieser Europäischen Norm dürfen auch in reinem Kalkmörtel verwendet werden. Für diese Anwendung siehe EN 459-1 und EN 459-2. Pigmente für diese Anwendung dürfen Einzelpigmente, Pigment-Mischungen oder Pigment/Füllstoff-Mischungen in pulveriger oder granulierter Form oder wässrige Präparationen sein. Pigmente gehören üblicherweise zu einer der folgenden Klassen von Stoffen:
- synthetische oder natürliche Oxide und Hydroxide des Eisens;
- Oxide von Chrom, Titan und Mangan;
- komplexe anorganische Pigmente, z. B. Kombinationen aus den o. g. Metalloxiden und -hydroxiden mit Cobalt-, Aluminium-, Nickel- und Antimonoxiden und -hydroxiden;
- Ultramarine;
- Phthalocyaninblau und -grün;
- elementarer Kohlenstoff (ist als anorganisches Pigment zu betrachten);
- Mischungen der o. g. Materialien (die auch Füllstoffe enthalten dürfen).
Pigments de coloration des matériaux de construction à base de ciment et/ou de chaux - Spécifications et méthodes d'essai
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les prescriptions et les méthodes d’essai qui s’appliquent aux
pigments utilisés pour la coloration des matériaux de construction à base de ciment et de combinaisons
ciment/chaux.
Les pigments couverts par la présente Norme européenne peuvent également être utilisés dans du mortier de
chaux pur. Pour cette application, se reporter à l’EN 459-1 et à l’EN 459-2.
Les pigments destinés à cet usage peuvent être des pigments simples, des mélanges de pigments ou des
mélanges de pigments et de matières de charge, sous forme de poudre, de granules ou de préparations
aqueuses.
Les pigments appartiennent généralement à l’une des classes de composés suivantes :
- oxydes et hydroxydes de fer, synthétiques ou naturels ;
- oxydes de chrome, de titane et de manganèse ;
- pigments minéraux complexes, par exemple combinaisons des oxydes et hydroxydes métalliques
- entionnés ci-dessus avec des oxydes et hydroxydes de cobalt, d’aluminium, de nickel et d’antimoine ;
- pigments outremer ;
- bleu et vert phtalocyanine ;
- carbone élémentaire (doit être considéré comme un pigment minéral) ;
- mélanges des matières ci-dessus (qui peuvent aussi comprendre des matières de charge).
Pigmenti za obarvanje gradbenih materialov na osnovi cementa in/ali apna - Specifikacije in metode preskušanja
Standard EN 12878 določa zahteve in metode preskušanja pigmentov za obarvanje gradbenih materialov na osnovi cementa in mešanic cementa/apna. Pigmenti, ki jih zajema ta evropski standard, se lahko uporabljajo tudi v malti iz čistega apna. Za to uporabo glejte standarda EN 459-1 in EN 459-2. Pigmenti, uporabljeni v ta namen, so lahko sestavljeni iz enega pigmenta, mešanica več pigmentov ali mešanica pigmentov in polnil. Lahko so v prahu, granularni ali namenjeni pripravi z vodo. Pigmenti navadno pripadajo eni od naslednjih vrst spojin: sintetični ali naravni železovi oksidi in hidroksidi; kromovi, titanovi in manganijevi oksidi; kompleksni anorganski pigmenti, na primer mešanice zgoraj omenjenih kovinskih oksidov in hidroksidov s kobaltovimi, aluminijevimi, nikljevimi in antimonovimi oksidi in hidroksidi; ultramarinski pigmenti; ftalocianinski modra in zelena; elementarni ogljik (obravnavan kot anorganski pigment); mešanice zgoraj omenjenih materialov (ki lahko vključujejo polnila).
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Pigmenti za obarvanje gradbenih materialov na osnovi cementa in/ali apna - Specifikacije in metode preskušanjaPigmente zum Einfärben von zement- und/oder kalkgebundenen Baustoffen - Anforderungen und PrüfverfahrenPigments de coloration des matériaux de construction à base de ciment et/ou de chaux - Spécifications et méthodes d'essaiPigments for the colouring of building materials based on cement and/or lime - Specifications and methods of test91.100.10Cement. Mavec. Apno. MaltaCement. Gypsum. Lime. Mortar87.060.10Pigmenti in polnilaPigments and extendersICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 12878:2014SIST EN 12878:2014en,fr,de01-julij-2014SIST EN 12878:2014SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 12878:2005/AC:2006SIST EN 12878:20051DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 12878:2014
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 12878
April 2014 ICS 87.060.10; 91.100.10 Supersedes EN 12878:2005English Version
Pigments for the colouring of building materials based on cement and/or lime - Specifications and methods of test
Pigments de coloration des matériaux de construction à base de ciment et/ou de chaux - Spécifications et méthodes d'essai
Pigmente zum Einfärben von zement- und/oder kalkgebundenen Baustoffen - Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren This European Standard was approved by CEN on 4 January 2014.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12878:2014 ESIST EN 12878:2014
EN 12878:2014 (E) 2 Contents Page
Foreword .4 1 Scope .5 2 Normative references .5 3 Terms and definitions .6 4 Requirements .7 4.1 Effects on concrete properties .7 4.1.1 General .7 4.1.2 Setting time .7 4.1.3 Compressive strength .7 4.2 Composition .7 4.2.1 General .7 4.2.2 Constitution of pigments .8 4.2.3 Water soluble substances .8 4.2.4 Soluble chloride .8 4.2.5 Total chlorine .8 4.3 Loss on ignition .8 4.4 Emission of radioactivity .9 4.5 Release of dangerous substances .9 4.6 Relative colour strength .9 4.7 Residue on sieve.9 4.8 pH value .9 4.9 Alkali stability .9 4.10 Resistance to weathering .9 4.11 Thermal stability .9 4.12 Colour comparison against standard pigment .9 5 Test methods . 10 5.1 Effect on concrete properties . 10 5.1.1 Setting time . 10 5.1.2 Compressive strength . 10 5.2 Composition . 10 5.2.1 General . 10 5.2.2 Composition of the pigments . 10 5.2.3 Water soluble substances . 10 5.2.4 Soluble chloride . 10 5.2.5 Total chlorine . 10 5.3 Loss on ignition . 11 5.4 Emission of radioactivity . 11 5.5 Release of dangerous substances . 11 5.6 Relative colour strength . 11 5.6.1 General remarks. 11 5.6.2 Relative colour strength in barytes or white Portland cement CEM I (dry mix) . 12 5.6.3 Determination of relative colour strength in barytes (wet mix) . 13 5.6.4 Determination of relative colour strength in white Portland cement mortar (wet mix) . 13 5.7 Residue on sieve. 14 5.8 pH value . 14 5.9 Alkali stability . 15 5.9.1 General remarks. 15 SIST EN 12878:2014
EN 12878:2014 (E) 3 5.9.2 Preparation of test pieces. 15 5.9.3 Test procedure . 15 5.10 Resistance to weathering . 15 5.11 Thermal stability . 16 5.12 Colour comparison against the standard pigment . 16 5.12.1 General . 16 5.12.2 Equipment and test materials . 16 5.12.3 Mortar formulation: . 17 5.12.4 Test procedure . 17 5.12.5 Evaluation of test . 17 6 Assessment and verification of constancy of performance – AVCP . 18 6.1 General . 18 6.2 Sampling. 18 6.3 Conformity criteria . 18 6.4 Product type determination . 18 6.5 Factory production control. 19 6.5.1 Concept . 19 6.6 Internal quality control . 22 6.6.1 Process control . 22 6.6.2 Measuring and testing . 22 6.6.3 Handling, storage, packaging and delivery . 22 6.7 Frequency of inspections . 22 A.1 Reference to 5.6.2 “Relative colour strength in barites white Portland cement CEM I (dry mix)” and 5.6.3 “Determination of relative colour strength in barytes (wet mix)” . 23 A.2 Reference to 5.9 “Alkali stability” . 23 A.3 Reference to 5.10 “Resistance to weathering” . 23 Annex ZA (informative)
Clauses of this European Standard addressing the provisions of the EU Construction Products Regulation . 24 ZA.1 Scope and relevant characteristics . 24 ZA.2 Procedure for AVCP of pigments for use in the colouring of building materials based on cement and cement/lime combinations . 25 ZA.2.1 Systems of Assessment and verification of constancy of performance (AVCP) . 25 ZA.2.2 Declaration of performance (DoP) . 26 ZA.2.2.1 General . 26 ZA.2.2.2 Content. 26 ZA.2.2.3 Example of DoP . 27 ZA.3 CE marking and labelling. 28 Bibliography . 30
SIST EN 12878:2014
EN 12878:2014 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 12878:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 298 “Pigments and extenders”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2014 and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2016. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 12878:2005. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of the Construction Production Regulation (CPR). For relationship with the Construction Production Regulation, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. EN 12878:2005 has been technically revised as follows: a) requirements for Category B regarding water soluble substances in 4.2.3 modified to accommodate non powder preparations; b) test method for total chlorine content (5.2.5) changed; c) permission to use alternative test methods with proven correlation to standard methods added; d) light source amended; e) Annex ZA has been changed to consider the new Construction Production Regulation (CPR). According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 12878:2014
EN 12878:2014 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the requirements and the methods of test for pigments for use in the colouring of building materials based on cement and cement/lime combinations.
Pigments covered by this European Standard may also be used in pure lime mortar. For this application, see EN 459-1 and EN 459-2. Pigments for this purpose may be single pigments, blends of pigments, or blends of pigments and extenders, in powder or granular form, or aqueous preparations. Pigments typically belong to one of the following classes of compounds: — synthetic or natural oxides and hydroxides of iron; — oxides of chromium, titanium and manganese; — complex inorganic pigments, for example combinations of the above mentioned metal oxides and hydroxides with cobalt, aluminium, nickel and antimony oxides and hydroxides; — ultramarine pigments; — phthalocyanine blue and green; — elemental carbon (shall be regarded as an inorganic pigment); — blends of the above materials (which may also include extenders). 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 196-1:2005, Methods of testing cement - Part 1: Determination of strength EN 196-3, Methods of testing cement - Part 3: Determination of setting times and soundness EN 197-1, Cement - Part 1: Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for common cements EN 934-1:2008, Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout - Part 1: Common requirements EN ISO 787-3, General methods of test for pigments and extenders - Part 3: Determination of matter soluble in water - Hot extraction method (ISO 787-3) EN ISO 787-7, General methods of test for pigments and extenders - Part 7: Determination of residue on sieve - Water method - Manual procedure (ISO 787-7) EN ISO 787-9, General methods of test for pigments and extenders - Part 9: Determination of pH value of aqueous suspension (ISO 787-9) EN ISO 787-13, General methods of test for pigments and extenders - Part 13: Determination of water-soluble sulfates, chlorides and nitrates (ISO 787-13) SIST EN 12878:2014
EN 12878:2014 (E) 6 EN ISO 15528, Paints, varnishes and raw materials for paints and varnishes - Sampling (ISO 15528) ISO 9277, Determination of the specific surface area of solids by gas adsorption - BET method 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 pigment substance, generally in the form of fine particles, which is practically insoluble in the application medium and whose sole purpose is to colour cement- and/or lime-based building materials 3.2 single pigment pigment that is of singular (chemical) composition Note 1 to entry: Single pigments contain no substances other than those originating from the pigment manufacturing process. Note 2 to entry: Surface treatment of the primary pigment particles is considered as a part of the pigment manufacturing process. 3.3 pigment blend blend of at least two single pigments, or at least one single pigment and an extender 3.4 aqueous pigment preparation preparation in which a pigment (single pigment or pigment blend) is dispersed in water, with or without a dispersion or other agent EXAMPLES of agents are: – dispersants; – binding agents (resins); – solvents; – wetting agents; – or combinations thereof. 3.5 pigment in granular form preparation in which a pigment (single pigment or pigment blend) is converted into granules, by the use of the binding agent which retains the integrity of the granule 3.6 reference sample; standard pigment sample of a single pigment or a blend (powder, or preparation) retained by the interested parties for comparison for the evaluation of the product properties (e.g. colour) SIST EN 12878:2014
EN 12878:2014 (E) 7 3.7 extender inorganic substance, generally in the form of fine particles, which is practically insoluble in the application medium and has no inherent colour properties 4 Requirements 4.1 Effects on concrete properties 4.1.1 General Pigments for steel reinforced concrete shall additionally meet all Category B requirements given in 4.1.3, 4.2.3 to 4.2.5.
The inorganic pigment dosage shall be 5,0 % solids, carbon black and organic pigment dosage of 2,0 % solids, by mass, based on the cement amount for testing according 5.1.
If a higher dosage of pigment is recommended the tests shall be carried out with that dosage. The dosage in percent by mass shall be specified by the manufacturer. 4.1.2 Setting time 4.1.2.1 Initial setting time The initial setting time of cement with the single pigment or a blend (both as powder, granulate or preparation), determined in accordance with 5.1.1, shall be not less than 60 min. The maximum difference between the initial setting time of mixes with and without the single pigment or a blend (both as powder, granulate or preparation) shall be not greater than 60 min. 4.1.2.2 Final setting time The final setting time of cement with the single pigment or a blend (both as powder, granulate or preparation), determined in accordance with 5.1.1, shall not be longer than 720 min. The maximum difference between the final setting time of mixes with and without the single pigment or a blend (both as powder, granulate or preparation) shall be not greater than 120 min. 4.1.3 Compressive strength The 28 day compressive strength of mixes with the single pigment or a blend (both as powder, granulate or preparation), determined in accordance with 5.1.2, shall not be reduced in comparison with the mix without pigment more than — Category A: the manufacturer’s declared value; — Category B: 8 %. 4.2 Composition 4.2.1 General The stability of a pigment with respect to colour shall be linked to the intended end use conditions. SIST EN 12878:2014
EN 12878:2014 (E) 8 The solids content, as a percentage (%) of aqueous preparations, shall be declared by the manufacturer. 4.2.2 Constitution of pigments The main constituents of the pigments are determined in accordance with 5.2.1 and 5.2.2. 4.2.3 Water soluble substances The content of water soluble substances, determined in accordance with 5.2.3, shall not be greater than — Category A: the manufacturer's declared value
— Category B: 0,5 % by mass for single pigments and pigment blends. Where additives such as dispersion agents, binding agents and/or grinding aids are used for powder and non-powder preparations, their total water soluble content shall be equal to or less than 5,0 % (8 % for carbon black) by mass, based on solids. The used additives shall conform to EN 934-1:2008, Annex A.1. For pigment blends in powder form, evidence of compliance may be calculated from data recorded for constituent single pigments. 4.2.4 Soluble chloride The soluble chloride content of a single pigment or a blend (powder, granulate or preparation), determined in accordance with 5.2.4, shall not be greater than — Category A: the manufacturer's declared value; — Category B: 0,10 % by mass. For pigment blends in powder form, evidence of compliance may be calculated from data recorded for constituent single pigments. Where pigment blends, pigment/extender mixtures, or granulates or aqueous preparations thereof, are used in excess of 5 % based on cement, the total content of halides which are admitted into the concrete should not exceed 0,005 % based on the cement. 4.2.5 Total chlorine The total chlorine content of a single pigment or a blend (powder, granulate or preparation), determined in accordance with 5.2.5, shall not be greater than — Category A: the manufacturer's declared value;
— Category B: 0,10 % by mass. For pigment blends in powder form, evidence of compliance may be calculated from data recorded for constituent single pigments. 4.3 Loss on ignition The loss on ignition of a single pigment or a blend (powder, granulate or preparation), determined in accordance with 5.3, shall be declared by the manufacturer. SIST EN 12878:2014
EN 12878:2014 (E) 9 4.4 Emission of radioactivity Where subject to regulatory requirements, the emission of radioactivity by a single pigment or a blend (powder, granulate or preparation) shall be declared.
4.5 Release of dangerous substances Where subject to regulatory requirements, the release of dangerous substances by a single pigment or a blend (powder, granulate or preparation) shall be declared.
National regulations on dangerous substances may require verification and declaration on release, and sometimes content, when construction products covered by this standard are placed on those markets. In the absence of European harmonized test methods, verification and declaration on release/content should be done taking into account national provisions in the place of use. NOTE An informative database covering European and national provisions on dangerous substances is available at the Construction website on EUROPA accessed through: http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/construction/cpd-ds/ 4.6 Relative colour strength The relative colour strength in comparison with the standard pigment, determined in accordance with 5.6, shall be 100 % ± 5 %. 4.7 Residue on sieve The residue on the sieve of pigment in powder form, determined in accordance with 5.7, shall be declared by the manufacturer. 4.8 pH value The pH value, determined in accordance with 5.8, shall conform with the manufacturer's specified value ± 2. 4.9 Alkali stability The manufacturer shall declare that the pigment, tested in accordance with 5.9, is alkali stable. 4.10 Resistance to weathering The manufacturer shall declare that the pigment, tested in accordance with 5.10, is resistant to weathering. 4.11 Thermal stability The manufacturer shall declare that the pigment, tested in accordance with 5.11, is thermally stable. 4.12 Colour comparison against standard pigment The manufacturer shall declare the ûE value, compared against the standard pigment, tested in accordance with 5.12. NOTE Research into the repeatability and reproducibility of this test method has shown that samples prepared using the same pigments at five separate laboratories produced results within a ûE range of 0,5. SIST EN 12878:2014
EN 12878:2014 (E) 10 5 Test methods 5.1 Effect on concrete properties 5.1.1 Setting time The influence on the setting time of cement shall be tested using the test method described in EN 196-3, using a paste made with Portland cement CEM I 42,5 R conforming to EN 197-1, with and without the addition of pigment. 5.1.2 Compressive strength The influence of a pigment on the 28 day compressive strength of the mortar shall be tested in accordance with EN 196-1. The mortar shall be made with Portland cement CEM I 42,5 R conforming to EN 197-1 (same cement as in 5.1.1) with and without the addition of pigment. The water content of aqueous pigment preparations shall be taken into account. 5.2 Composition 5.2.1 General Any physical effects are determined by way of comparative tests on pigmented and unpigmented cement paste, mortar or concrete mixes, as appropriate. When using pigment preparations (3.4 and 3.5), the pigment solids content shall be taken into consideration in the mix composition.
Generally, an amount of not more than 10,0 % pigment should be added to cement or lime.
Sampling shall be in accordance with 6.2. 5.2.2 Composition of the pigments Determine the chemical composition of the pigments (4.2.2) in accordance with the relevant standard (see Bibliography). Where no standard exists, appropriate up-to-date analytical procedures shall be used. 5.2.3 Water soluble substances The determination of the water soluble content shall be performed in accordance with EN ISO 787-3. In pigment preparations (3.4 and 3.5) the quantity to be used is chosen so that it contains the amount of solids indicated in EN ISO 787-3. 5.2.4 Soluble chloride Conduct the test for water soluble chloride in accordance with EN ISO 787-13. For pigment preparations (3.4 and 3.5), the quantity to be used is chosen so that it contains the amount of solids indicated in EN ISO 787-3. 5.2.5 Total chlorine 5.2.5.1 Reagents 5.2.5.1.1
Sodium carbonate, anhydrous 5.2.5.1.2
Nitric acid 1:1 (1 volume 65 % nitric acid (density 1,4 g/cm3) and 1 volume water) 5.2.5.1.3
0,1 N silver nitrate solution SIST EN 12878:2014
EN 12878:2014 (E) 11 5.2.5.2 Procedure Measure (1,000
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