SIST EN ISO 14025:2026

• Abstract:

  This document specifies principles and requirements and gives guidance on environmental product declaration (EPD) programmes and their associated EPDs. This document specifies the use of ISO 14040 and ISO 14044 on life cycle assessment (LCA) in the development of EPDs.; This document is applicable to EPD programmes and their associated EPDs that are intended to address the potential environmental impacts and environmental aspects of products, and which can also include related social and economic aspects in support of sustainable development.; NOTE 1 This document does not deal with social or economic LCA indicators.; NOTE 2 Related social and economic aspects of the products can be reported as additional sustainability-related information, where relevant and available.; This document provides requirements and guidance for the communication of the potential environmental impacts and environmental aspects of products to the intended audience of the EPD.; This document does not apply to sector-specific provisions, which are dealt with in other ISO documents. It is intended that sector-specific provisions in other ISO documents related to EPDs are based on and use the principles, requirements and guidance of this document.

• Status: Published
• Public Enquiry End Date: 31-May-2025
• Publication Date: 13-Sep-2026
• ICS: 13.020.50 - Ecolabelling
• Technical Committee: UZO - Environmental management
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 03-Sep-2026
• Due Date: 08-Nov-2026
• Completion Date: 14-Sep-2026
• Ref Project: EN ISO 14025:2026 - Environmental statements and programmes for products - Environmental product declarations (EPDs) (ISO 14025:2026)

• Replaces: SIST EN ISO 14025:2010 - Environmental labels and declarations - Type III environmental declarations - Principles and procedures (ISO 14025:2006)
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 868-7:2025 - Packaging for terminally sterilized medical devices - Part 7: Adhesive coated paper for low temperature sterilization processes - Requirements and test methods
• Effective Date: 15-Jul-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 50693:2020 - Product category rules for life cycle assessments of electronic and electrical products and systems
• Effective Date: 15-Jul-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 868-6:2025 - Packaging for terminally sterilized medical devices - Part 6: Paper for low temperature sterilization processes - Requirements and test methods
• Effective Date: 15-Jul-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 16887:2017 - Leather - Environmental footprint - Product Category Rules (PCR) - Carbon footprints
• Effective Date: 15-Jul-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 868-4:2025 - Packaging for terminally sterilized medical devices - Part 4: Paper bags - Requirements and test methods
• Effective Date: 15-Jul-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 16760:2016 - Bio-based products - Life Cycle Assessment
• Effective Date: 15-Jul-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 17074:2020 - Glass in building - Environmental product declaration - Product category rules for flat glass products
• Effective Date: 15-Jul-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 16485:2014 - Round and sawn timber - Environmental Product Declarations - Product category rules for wood and wood-based products for use in construction
• Effective Date: 15-Jul-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 16810:2017 - Resilient, textile and laminate floor coverings - Environmental product declarations - Product category rules
• Effective Date: 15-Jul-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 868-3:2025 - Packaging for terminally sterilized medical devices - Part 3: Paper for use in the manufacture of paper bags (specified in EN 868-4) and in the manufacture of pouches and reels (specified in EN 868-5) - Requirements and test methods
• Effective Date: 15-Jul-2026
• Referred By: SIST-TS CEN/TS 15398:2016 - Resilient, textile and laminate floor coverings - Floor covering standard symbols - Complementary element
• Effective Date: 15-Jul-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 12542:2010 - LPG equipment and accessories - Static welded steel cylindrical tanks, serially produced for the storage of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) having a volume not greater than 13 m³ - Design and manufacture
• Effective Date: 15-Jul-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 50598-3:2015 - Ecodesign for power drive systems, motor starters, power electronics & their driven applications - Part 3: Quantitative eco design approach through life cycle assessment including product category rules and the content of environmental declarations
• Effective Date: 15-Jul-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 868-2:2025 - Packaging for terminally sterilized medical devices - Part 2: Sterilization wrap - Requirements and test methods
• Effective Date: 15-Jul-2026

Overview

SIST EN ISO 14025:2026 - Environmental statements and programmes for products - Environmental product declarations (EPDs) (ISO 14025:2026) - is a key international standard under the ISO 14020 family. Developed by the Slovenian Institute for Standardization (SIST), this document outlines principles, requirements, and guidance for establishing and managing Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) programmes and their associated EPDs. EPDs provide transparent, verified, and comparable information about the environmental impacts of products throughout their lifecycle, using frameworks such as ISO 14040 and ISO 14044 on Life Cycle Assessment (LCA).

Key Topics

• Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs): EPDs are independently verified documents that communicate quantified environmental data for products, based on predetermined impact and inventory indicators from LCA.
• Programme Requirements: Setting up and administering EPD programmes, including responsibilities of programme operators, development of general programme instructions (GPI), and stakeholder involvement.
• Life Cycle Assessment (LCA): Application of ISO 14040 and ISO 14044 as methodological bases for developing EPDs, ensuring credible and consistent assessment of a product’s environmental performance from raw material acquisition to end-of-life.
• Programme and Data Verification: Requirements for independent verification of LCA data and EPDs to foster credibility and trust. Third-party verification is mandatory for business-to-consumer EPDs.
• Communication of Environmental Information: Guidance on the accurate and transparent communication of potential environmental impacts to targeted audiences, supporting informed decision making.
• Additional Sustainability Information: While social and economic lifecycle indicators are outside the standard’s scope, relevant additional sustainability-related information may be reported as supplementary data.

Applications

Implementing SIST EN ISO 14025:2026 and the EPD framework has practical value across many sectors:

• Manufacturers and Service Providers: Use EPDs to communicate the environmental profile of products, enable market differentiation, and support sustainability claims in line with international best practices.
• Procurement and Supply Chain: EPDs provide buyers, including public authorities and green building projects, with scientifically backed data to inform responsible purchasing and material selection.
• Regulatory Compliance: Companies can align their environmental disclosures and green claims with EU and global regulations, reducing the risk of misleading or non-compliant practices.
• Comparative Product Assessment: The use of harmonized product category rules (PCRs) and mutual recognition of EPDs facilitates fair and credible comparison between similar products in the marketplace.
• Consumer Transparency: For end-users and consumers, EPDs increase trust by providing clear, independent information on environmental impacts, driving demand for more sustainable products.
• Sustainability Reporting: EPDs enhance broader corporate sustainability reporting by supplying robust life cycle-based environmental data.

Related Standards

SIST EN ISO 14025:2026 is part of a comprehensive set of standards focused on environmental labeling and declarations. Relevant related standards include:

• ISO 14020: Principles and general requirements for all types of environmental statements and associated programmes.
• ISO 14021: Requirements for self-declared environmental claims.
• ISO 14024: Principles and guidance for environmental labeling (ecolabels).
• ISO 14026: Guidance on footprint communications.
• ISO 14040 & ISO 14044: Methodological frameworks for the life cycle assessment essential to EPDs.
• ISO/TS 14027: Development of product category rules (PCRs) supporting comparability in EPDs.
• ISO/TS 14029: Mutual recognition of EPDs and associated programmes, fostering international acceptance and harmonization.

SIST EN ISO 14025:2026 promotes transparent, evidence-based environmental communication, encouraging continual improvement, informed decision making, and ultimately, the advancement of sustainable development in product markets.

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-oktober-2026
Nadomešča:
SIST EN ISO 14025:2010
Okoljske izjave in programi za proizvode - Okoljske deklaracije za proizvode (EPD)
(ISO 14025:2026)
Environmental statements and programmes for products - Environmental product
declarations (EPDs) (ISO 14025:2026)
Umweltaussagen und -programme für Produkte - Umweltproduktdeklarationen (ISO
14025:2025)
Allégations environnementales et programmes pour les produits - Déclarations
environnementales de produits (DEP) (ISO 14025:2025)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 14025:2026
ICS:
13.020.50 Označevanje z ekološko Ecolabelling
nalepko
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN ISO 14025
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
July 2026
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 13.020.50 Supersedes EN ISO 14025:2010
English Version
Environmental statements and programmes for products -
Environmental product declarations (EPDs) (ISO
14025:2026)
Déclarations environnementales et programmes pour Umweltaussagen und -programme für Produkte -
les produits - Déclarations environnementales de Umweltproduktdeklarationen (ISO 14025:2026)
produits (DEP) (ISO 14025:2026)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 22 June 2026.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2026 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 14025:2026 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3

European foreword
This document (EN ISO 14025:2026) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 207
"Environmental management" in collaboration with CCMC.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2027, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by January 2027.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 14025:2010.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards
body/national committee. A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 14025:2026 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 14025:2026 without any modification.

International
Standard
ISO 14025
Second edition
Environmental statements and
2026-06
programmes for products —
Environmental product declarations
(EPDs)
Déclarations environnementales et programmes pour les
produits — Déclarations environnementales de produits (DEP)
Reference number
ISO 14025:2026(en) © ISO 2026
ISO 14025:2026(en)
© ISO 2026
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
ISO 14025:2026(en)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vii
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 1
3.1 Terms related to the environment .2
3.2 Terms related to EPDs and EPD programmes .2
3.3 Terms related to life cycle.5
3.4 Terms related to conformity assessment of EPDs .8
3.5 Abbreviated terms .9
4 Principles . 9
4.1 General .9
4.2 Flexibility.10
4.2.1 Principle .10
4.2.2 Rationale .10
4.3 Comparability .10
4.3.1 Principle .10
4.3.2 Rationale .10
5 EPD programme requirements .10
5.1 General .10
5.2 General programme instructions (GPI) .10
5.3 Responsibilities of EPD programme operator .11
5.4 Involvement of interested parties . 13
5.5 Scope of the EPD programme, responsible parties and intended audiences . 13
5.6 Specific requirements and criteria for PCR development and application of LCA
methodology . 13
5.6.1 General . 13
5.6.2 Procedures for definition of product categories . 13
5.6.3 Procedure for development and maintenance of PCRs .14
5.6.4 Procedure for application of LCA methodology .16
5.7 Quantification methodologies, data quality and reporting .17
5.8 Reporting, format of EPDs and publication .17
5.8.1 General .17
5.8.2 EPD project report .17
5.8.3 EPD format .18
5.8.4 EPD publication and responsibility .18
5.9 Changes or revisions to EPD programmes and EPDs .18
6 General requirements applying to EPDs . 19
7 Specific requirements applying to EPDs in an EPD programme. 19
7.1 General .19
7.2 EPD content .19
7.2.1 General .19
7.2.2 LCA-based data required in an EPD .21
7.3 Additional environmental or other sustainability-related information .21
7.4 EPDs based on information modules . 23
7.5 Comparability of EPDs . 23
8 Requirements for EPD types .25
8.1 General . 25
8.2 EPD types . 25
8.3 Prospective EPD types . 26
9 EPD programme requirements on PCR review and aspects of verification .26

iii
ISO 14025:2026(en)
9.1 General . 26
9.2 Procedure for PCR review .27
9.3 Procedure for independent verification of data declared in the EPD .27
9.4 Procedure for verification of the EPD . 28
9.5 Procedure for independence and competencies of the PCR review panel members and
verifiers . 28
9.6 Procedure for data confidentiality . 29
9.7 EPD programmes meeting this document . 30
10 Additional requirements for developing EPDs for business-to-consumer communication.30
10.1 General . 30
10.2 Provision of information. 30
10.2.1 Content and availability of the EPD . 30
10.2.2 Availability of the EPD . 30
10.2.3 Explanatory information . 30
10.3 Involvement of interested parties .31
10.4 Verification . .31
Annex A (informative) EPD programme development and operation scheme .32
Annex B (informative) Simplified examples illustrating the development of an EPD .35
Annex C (informative) Harmonization of PCRs and EPD programmes for EPD comparability in
accordance with ISO/TS 14027 and ISO/TS 14029 .37
Bibliography .40

iv
ISO 14025:2026(en)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 207, Environmental management, Subcommittee
SC 3, Environmental labelling, in collaboration with the European Committee for Standardization (CEN), in
accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 14025:2006), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— the title has been updated;
— ISO/TS 14027 and ISO/TS 14029 have been added as normative references;
— new preferred terminology for critical concepts has been introduced and several original preferred
terms have been deprecated including “environmental label”, “environmental declaration” and “Type III
environmental declaration”;
— some of the content from Clauses 4, 5, 6 and 7 has been removed and transferred to the revised ISO 14020;
— a description of the concept of “additional environmental or other sustainability-related information”
and how to include this type of information into an EPD has been added;
— Clause 8 on requirements for EPD types has been added;
— Annex C on the harmonization of PCRs and EPD programmes for EPD comparability in accordance with
ISO/TS 14027 and ISO/TS 14029 has been added;
— EPD programme requirements on PCR review and aspects of verification to satisfy the demands of the
marketplace have been added;
— requirements for new EPD tools, in recognition of the growing reliance on such tools to automate
generation of EPDs, have been added.

v
ISO 14025:2026(en)
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

vi
ISO 14025:2026(en)
Introduction
0.1  This document contains principles, requirements and guidance for environmental product declaration
(EPD) programmes and EPDs. EPDs provide quantified environmental information on the life cycle of a
product that can support comparisons between products fulfilling the same function. EPDs:
— are provided by one or more organizations;
— are based on independently verified life cycle assessment (LCA) data, life cycle inventory analysis (LCI)
data or information modules in accordance with ISO 14040 and ISO 14044 and, where relevant and
available, additional environmental or other sustainability-related information;
— are developed using predetermined impact indicators and predetermined inventory indicators;
— are subject to the administration of a programme operator that acts objectively, avoiding any conflict of
interest (e.g. a company or group of companies, industrial sector or trade association, public authorities
or agencies, an independent scientific body, other organization).
0.2  EPDs are one type of environmental statement. The overall goals of environmental statements are to:
— communicate accurate information about environmental aspects or potential environmental impacts of
products;
— encourage the demand for and supply of products that cause less stress on the environment;
— stimulate market-driven continual environmental improvement in products;
— where relevant, support compliance with regulation.
0.3  An EPD is not in itself a comparative assertion and does not declare the environmental preferability of
a product.
0.4  EPD programmes following this document are required to ensure that both the supporting LCA data
and the resulting EPDs undergo independent verification, either internal or external to the responsible
party. This can, but does not necessarily, mean third-party verification except in the case of business-to-
consumer EPDs, in which case this document requires that EPD programmes specify that all verifications be
carried out as third-party verification.
0.5  Harmonization of general programme instructions (GPI) and particularly product category rules
(PCR) is encouraged between EPD programmes to be aligned with the principle of comparability (see 4.3).
This includes mutual recognition of rules with respect to PCR development, PCR review and verification
procedures, administrative procedures and EPD format. To help ensure comparability of EPDs, programme
operators are encouraged to work cooperatively to achieve harmonization of the programmes and PCRs and
to develop mutual recognition arrangements (MRAs).
To support harmonization, two complementary documents have been published: ISO/TS 14027 and
ISO/TS 14029. These supporting documents describe principles and requirements for PCR development and
MRA, respectively, and are complementary to the related clauses in this document.
NOTE Practical guidance on harmonization of PCRs and EPD programmes in accordance with ISO/TS 14027 and
ISO/TS 14029 in conjunction with this document can be found in Annex C.
0.6  The objective of this document is to harmonize the development and enhance the credibility of EPDs.
The benefits of applying this document are:
a) increased opportunities for purchasers, potential purchasers and users of products to make informed
comparisons of, and purchasing decisions related to, products;
b) to encourage improvement of the environmental performance of products;
c) to provide information for assessing the potential environmental impacts of products over their life
cycle;
vii
ISO 14025:2026(en)
d) accurate and verified EPDs that are not misleading;
e) increased potential for market forces to stimulate environmental improvements in production processes
and products;
f) prevention or minimization of unwarranted EPDs and greenwashing;
g) reduction in marketplace confusion with other types of environmental statements and general
certification of products that fulfil environmental or other sustainability-related requirements.
0.7  This document is one of the documents developed by ISO/TC 207/SC 3 that provide principles,
requirements and guidance for different types of environmental statements about products. These
documents include the following:
— ISO 14020, which provides common terms and definitions, principles and general requirements for
all environmental statements (e.g. self-declared environmental claims, ecolabels, EPDs and footprint
communications) and associated programmes that enable the communication of environmental aspects
and environmental impacts of products.
— ISO 14021, which provides principles, requirements and guidance for environmental statements in the
form of self-declared environmental claims.
— ISO 14024, which provides principles, requirements and guidance for environmental statements in the
form of ecolabels.
— ISO 14025 (this document), which provides principles, requirements and guidance for environmental
statements in the form of EPDs.
— ISO 14026, which provides principles, requirements and guidance for environmental statements in the
form of footprint communications.
— ISO/TS 14027, which provides principles, requirements and guidance for PCR that support the use of
LCA as a method to compile and evaluate information that is used as a basis for making environmental
statements.
— ISO/TS 14029, which provides principles, requirements and guidance for the mutual recognition of EPDs,
footprint communications and associated programmes.
0.8  Environmental statement programme operators are encouraged to cooperate and harmonize with each
other, whenever relevant and applicable, to enhance the coherence of environmental statement programmes,
at regional, national and international levels.
0.9  Figure 1 provides the existing structure of the documents on environmental statements developed by
ISO/TC 207/SC 3 in graphic form.

viii
ISO 14025:2026(en)
Figure 1 — Structure of documents on environmental statements developed by ISO/TC 207/SC 3
0.10  This document requires the user to apply the requirements in ISO 14020. Those requirements refer
to the generic term “environmental statement”. When reading this document and ISO 14020 together, the
generic term “environmental statement” in ISO 14020 can be interpreted as referring to the specific term
included in this document, i.e. “environmental product declaration (EPD)”.
0.11  EPDs developed in accordance with this document are a type of environmental statement based on
independently verified LCA data (see 0.1). As such, neither self-declared environmental claims developed
under ISO 14021 nor ecolabels developed under ISO 14024 are considered EPDs or a type of EPD. The
original terminology referring to Types I, II and III has been removed from all three documents and is no
longer preferred.
ix
International Standard ISO 14025:2026(en)
Environmental statements and programmes for products —
Environmental product declarations (EPDs)
1 Scope
1.1 This document specifies principles and requirements and gives guidance on environmental product
declaration (EPD) programmes and their associated EPDs. This document specifies the use of ISO 14040 and
ISO 14044 on life cycle assessment (LCA) in the development of EPDs.
1.2 This document is applicable to EPD programmes and their associated EPDs that are intended to
address the potential environmental impacts and environmental aspects of products, and which can also
include related social and economic aspects in support of sustainable development.
NOTE 1 This document does not deal with social or economic LCA indicators.
NOTE 2 Related social and economic aspects of the products can be reported as additional sustainability-related
information, where relevant and available.
1.3 This document provides requirements and guidance for the communication of the potential
environmental impacts and environmental aspects of products to the intended audience of the EPD.
1.4 This document does not apply to sector-specific provisions, which are dealt with in other ISO
documents. It is intended that sector-specific provisions in other ISO documents related to EPDs are based
on and use the principles, requirements and guidance of this document.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 14020:2022, Environmental statements and programmes for products — Principles and general
requirements
ISO/TS 14027, Environmental labels and declarations — Development of product category rules
ISO/TS 14029, Environmental statements and programmes for products — Mutual recognition of environmental
product declarations (EPDs) and footprint communication programmes
ISO 14040, Environmental management — Life cycle assessment — Principles and framework
ISO 14044, Environmental management — Life cycle assessment — Requirements and guidelines
ISO 14050, Environmental management — Vocabulary
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 14050 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp

ISO 14025:2026(en)
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1 Terms related to the environment
3.1.1
environment
surroundings in which an organization operates, including air, water, land, natural resources, flora, fauna,
humans and their interrelationships
Note 1 to entry: Surroundings can extend from within an organization to the local, regional and global system.
Note 2 to entry: Surroundings can be described in terms of biodiversity, ecosystems, climate or other characteristics of
an organization’s activities (including projects) or products (3.2.4) that interact or can interact with the environment.
[SOURCE: ISO 14020:2022, 3.1.2]
3.1.2
environmental aspect
element of an organization’s activities or products (3.2.4) that interacts or can interact with the environment
(3.1.1)
Note 1 to entry: Typically, environmental aspects can include emissions to air, discharges to water and soil, and waste,
which in turn can generate environmental and human health impacts such as global warming, smog, water pollution
or contaminated land.
[SOURCE: ISO 14020:2022, 3.1.3, modified — Reference to “soil” and “human” added and “arisings” deleted
in Note 1 to entry.]
3.1.3
environmental impact
change to the environment (3.1.1), whether adverse or beneficial, including possible consequences, wholly or
partially resulting from an organization’s environmental aspects (3.1.2)
[SOURCE: ISO 14020:2022, 3.1.4]
3.1.4
environmental performance
performance related to the management of environmental aspects (3.1.2)
[SOURCE: ISO 14020:2022, 3.1.5]
3.1.5
environmental information
subject matter of a qualitative or quantitative nature that is related to environmental conditions or
environmental performance (3.1.4) of a product (3.2.4)
3.1.6
sustainability-related information
subject matter of a qualitative or quantitative nature that is related to social or economic aspects that are
affected by environmental conditions or the environmental performance (3.1.4) of a product (3.2.4)
3.2 Terms related to EPDs and EPD programmes
3.2.1
environmental statement
DEPRECATED: environmental label
DEPRECATED: environmental declaration
information on one or more environmental aspect(s) (3.1.2) or environmental impact(s) (3.1.3) of a product
(3.2.4) intended to inform and influence the market of the product
Note 1 to entry: The environmental statement can represent a point in time or can cover a period of time.

ISO 14025:2026(en)
Note 2 to entry: Types of environmental statement include, but are not limited to:
a) self-declared environmental claims;
b) ecolabels;
c) environmental product declarations (3.2.2);
d) footprint communications.
Note 3 to entry: An environmental statement can appear on a product or packaging as a label, a symbol, a logo, an
electronic product label or a machine-readable code (e.g. QR code and bar code). It can also be communicated in other
ways, e.g. in web-based product data or in an advertisement.
[SOURCE: ISO 14020:2022, 3.2.1, modified — Deprecated term replaced. “intended to inform and influence
the market of the product” replaced “which intends to inform an intended audience and intends to influence
the market of this product” in the definition. Note 3 to entry revised. Note 4 to entry removed.]
3.2.2
environmental product declaration
EPD
DEPRECATED: Type III environmental declaration
environmental statement (3.2.1) providing environmental data of a product (3.2.4) using predetermined
impact indicators (3.3.9) and predetermined inventory indicators (3.3.8) resulting from a life cycle assessment
(LCA) (3.3.2) and, where relevant and available, additional environmental information (3.1.5)
Note 1 to entry: The predetermined indicators address relevant potential environmental impacts (3.1.3) and aspects
(3.1.2), the results of those predetermined indicators are derived from an LCA using product category rules (PCR)
(3.3.3).
Note 2 to entry: Principles and requirements for an LCA are given in ISO 14040 and ISO 14044.
Note 3 to entry: EPDs can include quantitative and qualitative data.
Note 4 to entry: EPDs can include, where relevant and available, data related to additional sustainability-related
information (3.1.6).
Note 5 to entry: Requirements for PCRs are given in ISO/TS 14027.
Note 6 to entry: EPDs undergo an independent verification process (see Clause 9).
[SOURCE: ISO 14020:2022, 3.2.8, modified — In the definition, the terminology regarding indicators has
been made more specific and reference has been added to “where relevant and available”. Note 1 to entry
revised. Note 4 to entry replaced.]
3.2.3
EPD programme
environmental product declaration programme
DEPRECATED: Type III environmental declaration programme
rules and procedures for providing an EPD (3.2.2)
Note 1 to entry: EPD programmes can be carried out at international, regional, national or sub-national levels.
Note 2 to entry: An EPD programme includes requirements for conformity assessment.
Note 3 to entry: For EPD programmes, the programme operator (3.2.8) is typically a party that is external to the
responsible party (3.2.11).
[SOURCE: ISO 14020:2022, 3.3.1, modified — “environmental statement” replaced by “EPD programme” in
the term and definition. Notes 2, 4 and 5 to entry deleted. New Note 3 to entry added.]

ISO 14025:2026(en)
3.2.4
product
any goods or service
[SOURCE: ISO 14050:2020, 3.5.12]
3.2.5
product category
group of products (3.2.4) that can fulfil equivalent functions
[SOURCE: ISO 14020:2022, 3.2.12]
3.2.6
intended audience
person or organization identified by the responsible party (3.2.11) as being the one that relies on the
environmental product declaration (EPD) (3.2.2) to make decisions
Note 1 to entry: The intended audience can be a client, purchaser or potential purchaser, investor, consumer (3.2.10),
responsible party, programme operator (3.2.8), regulators, financial community, general public or other interested
parties (3.2.7), such as local communities, governmental or non-governmental organizations (NGOs).
[SOURCE: ISO 14020:2022, 3.2.14, modified — Reference to “environmental statement” replaced with
“environmental product declaration (EPD)” in the definition.]
3.2.7
interested party
person or organization that can affect, be affected by, or perceive itself to be affected by an environmental
product declaration (EPD) (3.2.2)
Note 1 to entry: To “perceive itself to be affected” means the interested party has made its perception known to the
programme operator (3.2.8).
Note 2 to entry: The interested parties for EPD programmes (3.2.3) can include, but are not limited to, material
suppliers, manufacturers, trade associations, purchasers, users, consumers (3.2.10), nongovernmental organizations
(NGOs), public agencies and, when relevant, certification bodies.
[SOURCE: ISO 14020:2022, 3.2.15, modified — Reference to “environmental statement” replaced with
“environmental product declaration (EPD)” in the definition and reference to “environmental statement
programmes” replaced by “EPD programmes” in Note 2 to entry.]
3.2.8
programme operator
person or organization responsible for developing and maintaining an environmental product declaration
(EPD) programme (3.2.3)
Note 1 to entry: For EPDs (3.2.2), the programme operator is typically a party that is external to the responsible party
(3.2.11).
[SOURCE: ISO 14020:2022, 3.3.3, modified — Reference to “environmental statement programme” replaced
with “EPD programme” in the definition. Note 1 to entry revised.]
3.2.9
general programme instructions
GPI
guidelines for the operation of an environmental product declaration (EPD) programme (3.2.3)
[SOURCE: ISO/TS 14029:2022, 3.4, modified — Reference to “footprint communication programme” deleted
from the definition.]
ISO 14025:2026(en)
3.2.10
consumer
individual member of the general public purchasing or using products (3.2.4) and property for private
purposes
[SOURCE: ISO 14050:2020, 3.5.17]
3.2.11
responsible party
claimant
person or organization responsible for the provision of the environmental product declaration (EPD) (3.2.2)
Note 1 to entry: The supplier or manufacturer of the product (3.2.4) usually is the responsible party.
[SOURCE: ISO 14020:2022, 3.2.13, modified — “environmental statement” replaced with “EPD” in the
definition. Note 1 to entry revised.]
3.2.12
EPD tool
environmental product declaration tool
calculation tool specifically developed to simplify the life cycle assessment (LCA) (3.3.2) calculation
procedures in order to generate an EPD (3.2.2) based on product category rules (PCR) (3.3.3)
Note 1 to entry: Verification (3.4.5) of an EPD tool can lead to a more simplified and streamlined EPD verification
process.
3.2.13
explanatory information
supporting information
information that is given to enable the understanding and describe the limits of an environmental product
declaration (EPD) (3.2.2)
[SOURCE: ISO 14020:2022, 3.2.5, modified — “Environmental statement” replaced with “EPD” in the
definition.]
3.3 Terms related to life cycle
3.3.1
life cycle
consecutive and interlinked stages, from raw material acquisition or generation from natural resources to
final disposal
[SOURCE: ISO 14044:2006/Amd 2:2020, 3.1]
3.3.2
life cycle assessment
LCA
compilation and evaluation of the inputs (3.3.14), outputs (3.3.15) and the potential environmental impacts
(3.1.3) of a product system throughout its life cycle (3.3.1)
Note 1 to entry: LCA addresses potential environmental impacts, but does not predict absolute or precise
environmental impacts due to:
a) the relative expression of potential environmental impacts to a reference unit;
b) the integration of environmental data over space and time;
c) the inherent uncertainty in modelling of environmental impacts;
d) the fact that some possible environmental impacts are clearly future impacts.
Note 2 to entry: The “potential environmental impacts” are relative expressions, as they are related to the functional
unit (3.3.6) or declared unit (3.3.5) of a product system.

ISO 14025:2026(en)
[SOURCE: ISO 14044:2006, 3.2, modified — Notes 1 and 2 to entry added.]
3.3.3
product category rules
PCR
set of specific rules, requirements and guidelines for developing environmental product declarations (EPDs)
(3.2.2) based on life cycle assessment (LCA) (3.3.2) for one or more product categories (3.2.5)
[SOURCE: ISO 14020:2022, 3.4.3, modified — Re
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