SIST EN 16760:2016
(Main)Bio-based products - Life Cycle Assessment
Bio-based products - Life Cycle Assessment
This European Standard provides specific life cycle assessment (LCA) requirements and guidance for bio-based products, excluding food, feed and energy, based on EN ISO 14040 and EN ISO 14044.
This European Standard covers bio-based products, derived wholly or partly from biomass.
This European Standard provides guidance and requirements to assess impact over the life cycle of bio-based products with the focus on how to handle the specificities of the bio-based part of the product.
The applications of LCA as such are outside the scope of this European Standard. Clarifications, considerations, practices, simplifications and options for the different applications, are also beyond the scope of this European Standard. In addition, this European Standard may be applied in studies that do not cover the whole life cycle, with justification e.g. in the case of business-to-business information, such as cradle-to-gate studies, gate-to-gate studies, and specific parts of the life cycle (e.g. waste management, components of a product).
Biobasierte Produkte - Ökobilanzen
Diese Europäische Norm stellt spezifische Anforderungen an die Ökobilanz und spezifische Leitlinien für biobasierte Produkte, mit Ausnahme von Lebensmitteln, Futtermitteln und Energie, auf der Grundlage von EN ISO 14040 und EN ISO 14044 zur Verfügung.
Diese Europäische Norm erfasst biobasierte Produkte, die vollständig oder teilweise aus Biomasse abgeleitet sind.
Diese Europäische Norm stellt Leitlinien und Anforderungen zur Beurteilung der Umweltaspekte von bio¬basierten Produkten im Verlauf ihres Lebensweges zur Verfügung, wobei das Hauptaugenmerk auf dem Umgang mit den Besonderheiten des biobasierten Anteils des Produktes liegt.
Die Anwendungen der Ökobilanz als solche fallen nicht in den Anwendungsbereich dieser Europäischen Norm. Erläuterungen, Überlegungen, Praktiken, Vereinfachungen und Auswahlmöglichkeiten für die unter-schiedlichen Anwendungen liegen ebenfalls außerhalb des Anwendungsbereiches dieser Europäischen Norm. Außerdem darf diese Europäische Norm mit einer entsprechenden Begründung in Studien angewendet werden, die nicht den gesamten Lebensweg erfassen, z. B. im Fall von Informationen von Unternehmen zu Unternehmen, wie z. B. Studien "von der Wiege bis zum Werkstor" (cradle-to-gate), Studien "vom Werkstor zum Werkstor" (gate-to-gate) und bei spezifischen Teilen des Lebensweges (z. B. Abfallmanagement, Bestandteile eines Produkts).
Produits biosourcés - Analyse du cycle de vie
La présente Norme européenne fournit des exigences spécifiques concernant l’analyse du cycle de vie (ACV), ainsi que des lignes directrices relatives aux produits biosourcés, à l’exclusion des denrées alimentaires pour la consommation humaine ou animale et de l’énergie, d’après l’EN ISO 14040 et l’EN ISO 14044.
Elle recouvre les produits biosourcés, issus entièrement ou partiellement de la biomasse.
La présente Norme européenne fournit des lignes directrices et des exigences pour évaluer l’impact sur le cycle de vie des produits biosourcés, en mettant l’accent sur la gestion des spécificités de la partie biosourcée de ces produits.
Les applications de l’ACV en tant que telles se situent hors du domaine d’application de la présente Norme européenne. Les clarifications, les considérations, les pratiques, les simplifications et les options des différentes applications sont également hors du domaine d’application de la présente Norme européenne. De plus, la présente Norme européenne peut être appliquée lors d’études qui ne couvrent pas tout le cycle de vie, avec une justification, par exemple, dans le cas d’informations échangées entre entreprises, telles que les études du berceau à la sortie de l’usine, les études de la porte à la porte de l’usine et des sections spécifiques du cycle de vie (par exemple, gestion des déchets, composants d’un produit).
Bioizdelki - Ocenjevanje življenjskega cikla
Ta evropski standard določa posebne zahteve za ocenjevanje življenjskega cikla (LCA) in smernice za bioizdelke, pri čemer so izključeni hrana, krma in energija, na podlagi standarda EN ISO 14040 Ravnanje z okoljem – Ocenjevanje življenjskega cikla – Načela in okviri ter EN ISO 14044 Ravnanje z okoljem – Ocenjevanje življenjskega cikla – Zahteve in smernice.
Ta evropski standard zajema bioizdelke, ki so v celoti ali delno proizvedeni iz biomase.
Ta evropski standard določa smernice in zahteve za oceno vpliva bioizdelkov v njihovem življenjskem ciklu.
Uporaba ocenjevanja življenjskega cikla kot taka ni predmet tega evropskega standarda. Pojasnila, ugotovitve, prakse, poenostavitve in možnosti za različne uporabe prav tako niso zajeti v področje uporabe tega evropskega standarda.
Poleg tega se lahko ta evropski standard uporablja za študije, ki ne zajemajo celotnega življenjskega cikla, z utemeljitvijo npr. v primeru informacij med podjetji, kot so študije od zibelke do vrat, študije od vrat do vrat in posebni deli življenjskega cikla (npr. ravnanje z odpadki, sestavine izdelka).
Za te študije se uporablja večina zahtev iz tega evropskega standarda (npr. kakovost podatkov, zbiranje in izračun ter dodeljevanje in kritični pregled), ne uporabljajo pa se vse zahteve za meje sistema.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Public Enquiry End Date
- 14-Oct-2014
- Publication Date
- 13-Dec-2015
- Technical Committee
- I13 - Imaginarni 13
- Current Stage
- 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
- Start Date
- 08-Dec-2015
- Due Date
- 12-Feb-2016
- Completion Date
- 14-Dec-2015
Overview
EN 16760:2015 - published by CEN - defines Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) requirements and guidance specifically for bio‑based products (whole or partly derived from biomass). Based on EN ISO 14040 and EN ISO 14044, the standard focuses on how to handle the particularities of the bio‑based part of a product’s life cycle. Food, feed and energy uses are excluded, but the guidance can be applied to cradle‑to‑gate, gate‑to‑gate or other partial studies where justified.
Key SEO terms: EN 16760:2015, bio‑based products, Life Cycle Assessment, LCA, CEN, bio‑based content, biogenic carbon.
Key topics and technical requirements
- Scope and Goal Definition: Requires clear statement of intended application, audience and reasons for the LCA - consistent with ISO 14040/14044 principles.
- Whole‑product approach: LCA shall cover the entire product system (not only the bio‑based fraction), while giving special treatment to biomass‑related flows.
- Life Cycle Inventory (LCI): Guidance on data sources, geographical and temporal representativeness, data collection and modelling for bio‑based feedstocks.
- Allocation procedures: Specific requirements for handling co‑products common in biomass value chains.
- Resource accounting: Treatment of land use, water use, and other elementary flows relevant to biomass.
- Carbon flows: Detailed inventory guidance for fossil and biogenic carbon and how these are reported.
- Sector modelling: Practical modelling advice for agricultural, forestry and aquaculture systems, and for end‑of‑life processes of bio‑based products.
- Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA): Selection of impact categories and indicators, including treatment of biogenic vs non‑biogenic carbon, land‑use impacts and water‑use impacts.
- Interpretation & Reporting: Requirements for transparency, critical review and public disclosure to support credible communication and declarations.
Applications and users
EN 16760:2015 is intended for:
- LCA practitioners and consultants preparing LCAs for bio‑based materials and products
- Product developers and manufacturers seeking consistent environmental assessment for bio‑based products
- Sustainability managers and procurement teams evaluating bio‑based alternatives
- Certification bodies and Product Category Rule (PCR) developers using LCA inputs for environmental declarations
- Policy makers and regulators needing harmonized LCA approaches for bio‑based product claims
Practical uses include cradle‑to‑gate carbon accounting, comparative LCAs, inputs to Type III environmental declarations, and as a harmonized basis for sustainability communication across the EU.
Related standards
- EN ISO 14040 (LCA - Principles and framework)
- EN ISO 14044 (LCA - Requirements and guidelines)
- EN 16575 (Bio‑based products - Vocabulary)
- EN ISO 14025 (Type III environmental declarations)
- prEN 16751 (linked guidance: criteria/uses referenced in EN 16760)
EN 16760:2015 provides targeted LCA rules for bio‑based products to improve consistency, transparency and credibility of environmental assessments and claims.
Frequently Asked Questions
SIST EN 16760:2016 is a standard published by the Slovenian Institute for Standardization (SIST). Its full title is "Bio-based products - Life Cycle Assessment". This standard covers: This European Standard provides specific life cycle assessment (LCA) requirements and guidance for bio-based products, excluding food, feed and energy, based on EN ISO 14040 and EN ISO 14044. This European Standard covers bio-based products, derived wholly or partly from biomass. This European Standard provides guidance and requirements to assess impact over the life cycle of bio-based products with the focus on how to handle the specificities of the bio-based part of the product. The applications of LCA as such are outside the scope of this European Standard. Clarifications, considerations, practices, simplifications and options for the different applications, are also beyond the scope of this European Standard. In addition, this European Standard may be applied in studies that do not cover the whole life cycle, with justification e.g. in the case of business-to-business information, such as cradle-to-gate studies, gate-to-gate studies, and specific parts of the life cycle (e.g. waste management, components of a product).
This European Standard provides specific life cycle assessment (LCA) requirements and guidance for bio-based products, excluding food, feed and energy, based on EN ISO 14040 and EN ISO 14044. This European Standard covers bio-based products, derived wholly or partly from biomass. This European Standard provides guidance and requirements to assess impact over the life cycle of bio-based products with the focus on how to handle the specificities of the bio-based part of the product. The applications of LCA as such are outside the scope of this European Standard. Clarifications, considerations, practices, simplifications and options for the different applications, are also beyond the scope of this European Standard. In addition, this European Standard may be applied in studies that do not cover the whole life cycle, with justification e.g. in the case of business-to-business information, such as cradle-to-gate studies, gate-to-gate studies, and specific parts of the life cycle (e.g. waste management, components of a product).
SIST EN 16760:2016 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 13.020.55 - Biobased products; 13.020.60 - Product life-cycles. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
SIST EN 16760:2016 is associated with the following European legislation: Standardization Mandates: M/492. When a standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, products manufactured in conformity with it benefit from a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of the corresponding EU directive or regulation.
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Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Bioizdelki - Ocenjevanje življenjskega ciklaBiobasierte Produkte - ÖkobilanzenProduits biosourcés - Analyse du cycle de vieBio-based products - Life Cycle Assessment13.020.60Življenjski ciklusi izdelkovProduct life-cyclesICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 16760:2015SIST EN 16760:2016en,fr,de01-januar-2016SIST EN 16760:2016SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 16760
November
t r s w ICS
s uä r t rä x r English Version
Bioæbased products æ Life Cycle Assessment Produits biosourcés æ Analyse du cycle de vie
Biobasierte Produkte æ Ökobilanzen This European Standard was approved by CEN on
s y October
t r s wä
egulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alterationä Upætoædate lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN memberä
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versionsä
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austriaá Belgiumá Bulgariaá Croatiaá Cyprusá Czech Republicá Denmarká Estoniaá Finlandá Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedoniaá Franceá Germanyá Greeceá Hungaryá Icelandá Irelandá Italyá Latviaá Lithuaniaá Luxembourgá Maltaá Netherlandsá Norwayá Polandá Portugalá Romaniaá Slovakiaá Sloveniaá Spainá Swedená Switzerlandá Turkey and United Kingdomä
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels
t r s w CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Membersä Refä Noä EN
s x y x rã t r s w ESIST EN 16760:2016
1 A Mandate is a standardization task embedded in European trade laws. M/492 Mandate is addressed to the European Standardization bodies, CEN, CENELEC and ETSI, for the development of horizontal European Standards for bio-based products. SIST EN 16760:2016
Figure 1 — Example of a product system of a bio-based product which includes biomass as well as non-biogenic material feedstocks NOTE 1 The boxes linked with bold arrows in Figure 1 represent the flows of bio-based products (partly or fully derived from biomass) that can be raw materials, intermediary products and final product. NOTE 2 For simplification purposes, transportation steps have not been reported in Figure 1, but transportation can occur between any of the unit processes. This European Standard provides additional requirements and guidelines for bio-based products on: Goal and scope (see 4.3), Life Cycle Inventory - LCI (see Clause 5), Life Cycle Impact Assessment - LCIA (see Clause 6) and Interpretation and reporting (see Clause 7). An LCA for a bio-based product shall include the four phases of LCA. LCA requirements and guidelines are provided in EN ISO 14044:2006, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4 and 4.5. This European Standard provides further guidance on the following, which can be important for bio-based products, due to their biomass origin: — geographical (see 5.2.2) and temporal scope (see 5.2.3) to be representative for the biomass acquisition phase considering agricultural, forest and aquaculture specificities; — allocation procedures (see 5.3) as the production stages typically generates co-products; — consideration for resource elementary flows (see 5.4.1); — data collection and modelling for land use (see 5.4.2), water use (see 5.4.3), and fossil and biogenic carbon flows (see 5.5); — modelling of agriculture, forestry and aquaculture systems (see 5.6); and — inventory and modelling requirements for bio-based products end-of-life (see 5.6.4). This series of European Standards focuses on bio-based products for industrial applications; food, feed and energy are excluded from the scope. However the guidelines and requirements for LCA provided in this standard can be applied to any product derived from biomass, irrespective of the application. 4.3 Goal and Scope of the LCA study 4.3.1 Goal of the LCA study When defining the goal and scope of the LCA study, the requirements of EN ISO 14040:2006, 5.2.1 and EN ISO 14044:2006, 4.2.2 and 4.2.3 shall apply. There is no single solution as to how LCA can best be applied, it will depend on the goal of the LCA and on each organization's size, its products, the strategy, the internal systems, tools and procedures and the external drivers. SIST EN 16760:2016
2 Formally, Step 1 is not part of the allocation procedure. SIST EN 16760:2016
use of fertilizers on the field; — irrigation; — land occupation and transformation; — soil management; and — activities for the production of agricultural inputs such as mineral fertilizers and fuels. It is noted that agricultural field work is complex, and practices vary significantly across farms and regions. Many parameters influence LCA impacts of agriculture, including intensification and optimization of production practices. At the same time (resource-, energy-, emission-) efficiency and thus the resulting environmental interventions mirrored in LCA of agricultural production, vary significantly amongst the (a) type of crop cultivated (b) management regime (fertilizer, pesticide, mechanization, irrigation, tillage practices) (c) soil and climate characteristics (hence location and time), (d) farm practices for (potential) conservation and drying steps of harvest etc. The following guidance is intended for practitioner
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The SIST EN 16760:2016 standard provides a comprehensive framework for conducting life cycle assessments (LCA) specifically tailored to bio-based products. Its scope is notably distinct as it deliberately excludes food, feed, and energy, allowing for a focused analysis on bio-based materials derived wholly or partially from biomass. This specificity enhances the relevance of the standard within the growing market for bio-based products, as it directly addresses the unique characteristics and challenges associated with assessing their environmental impact. One of the significant strengths of the SIST EN 16760:2016 standard lies in its guidance on handling the particularities of the bio-based components throughout their life cycle. This aspect is crucial for stakeholders in the bio-based sector, as it empowers them to deliver accurate assessments that reflect the ecological implications of their products. The adherence to established standards EN ISO 14040 and EN ISO 14044 further reinforces the credibility and reliability of the guidelines provided within this standard. Moreover, the document addresses the practical limitations of LCA by clarifying that the applications of LCA are outside its purview, while still allowing justification for partial life cycle studies, such as cradle-to-gate, gate-to-gate, and other specific assessments. This flexibility makes the SIST EN 16760:2016 particularly relevant for businesses needing tailored evaluations without the necessity of a comprehensive life cycle assessment. In summary, the SIST EN 16760:2016 standard is a vital tool for practitioners in the bio-based product industry, offering structured guidance for life cycle assessments while ensuring that the unique aspects of bio-based materials are appropriately considered. Its strengths in focused applicability and flexibility make it a significant resource for those engaged in sustainability efforts within this sector.
SIST EN 16760:2016 표준은 바이오 기반 제품에 대한 생애 주기 평가(LCA)의 요구 사항과 지침을 제시합니다. 이 표준은 EN ISO 14040 및 EN ISO 14044를 기반으로 하며, 식품, 사료 및 에너지를 제외한 바이오 기반 제품의 생애 주기 평가에 특화되어 있습니다. 이 표준의 범위는 바이오매스에서 완전히 또는 부분적으로 유래된 바이오 기반 제품을 포함하고 있으며, 이러한 제품들의 생애 주기 영향 평가를 위한 지침과 요구 사항을 제시합니다. 특히 표준은 바이오 기반 제품의 특정성 처리 방식에 중점을 두고 있으며, 이는 제품 생애 주기에서 발생할 수 있는 특정 상황을 보다 적절하게 평가할 수 있도록 돕습니다. SIST EN 16760:2016의 강점은 바이오 기반 제품의 생애 주기 평가에 대한 명확한 프레임워크를 제공한다는 점입니다. 이로 인해 기업들은 제품의 환경적 영향을 보다 정확하게 평가하고, 결과적으로 지속 가능한 제품 개발에 기여할 수 있습니다. 표준의 적용은 기업 간 정보 공유나 특정 생애 주기 단계에 대한 연구에서도 정당화할 수 있는 기회를 제공합니다. 예를 들어, 예비 단계부터 제품의 특정 구성 요소나 폐기물 관리와 같은 특정 생애 주기에 집중할 수 있습니다. 이 표준은 또한 다양한 바이오 기반 제품의 평가를 위한 통일된 기준을 마련하여, 연구자 및 관련 분야 종사자들이 생애 주기 평가를 보다 일관되게 수행할 수 있도록 지원합니다. 따라서 SIST EN 16760:2016 표준은 바이오 기반 제품의 평가 및 지속 가능성 증진을 위한 필수적인 지침으로 자리 잡고 있습니다.
Die Norm SIST EN 16760:2016 bietet eine umfassende Grundlage für die Lebenszyklusanalyse (LCA) von biobasierten Produkten und deckt spezifische Anforderungen und Richtlinien ab, die speziell auf diesen Produktbereich abgestimmt sind. Ein herausragendes Merkmal dieser Norm ist ihre Fokussierung auf biobasierte Produkte, die vollständig oder teilweise aus Biomasse gewonnen werden, und der Ausschluss von Lebensmitteln, Futtermitteln und Energie. Dies stellt sicher, dass die Norm eine präzise und relevante Analyse für Hersteller und Entwickler biobasierter Produkte bietet, ohne sich mit angrenzenden Themenbereichen zu verflechten. Eine Stärke der SIST EN 16760:2016 liegt in der klaren Definition der spezifischen Anforderungen für die Bewertung der Umweltwirkungen über den Lebenszyklus von biobasierten Produkten. Die Norm gibt nicht nur klare Richtlinien vor, sondern hebt auch die Besonderheiten hervor, die im Zusammenhang mit der biobasierten Komponente eines Produkts berücksichtigt werden müssen. Dies ist besonders relevant für Unternehmen, die die Umweltverträglichkeit ihrer biobasierten Produkte nachweisen möchten, da es ihnen ermöglicht, die spezifischen Eigenschaften ihrer Produkte angemessen zu bewerten. Darüber hinaus beschreibt die Norm, dass sie auch angewendet werden kann in Studien, die nicht den gesamten Lebenszyklus abdecken, solange dies gut begründet ist. Dies umfasst beispielsweise Geschäft-zu-Geschäft Informationen wie cradle-to-gate oder gate-to-gate Analysen. Diese Flexibilität ist ein zusätzlicher Vorteil, da sie es Unternehmen ermöglicht, relevante Informationen in spezifischen Kontexten zu extrahieren und zu nutzen, ohne dass sie gebunden sind, den gesamten Lebenszyklus berücksichtigen zu müssen. Insgesamt ist die SIST EN 16760:2016 von hoher Relevanz für die Weiterentwicklung und Standardisierung der LCA-Methoden für biobasierte Produkte. Die klare Abgrenzung zu anderen Produktkategorien, die detaillierten Anforderungen sowie die Möglichkeit der Anwendung auf spezifische Lebenszyklusabschnitte machen diese Norm zu einem wertvollen Werkzeug für Unternehmen, die in der Herstellung und Entwicklung von biobasierten Materialien tätig sind.
SIST EN 16760:2016の標準文書は、バイオベース製品におけるライフサイクルアセスメント（LCA）の特定の要件とガイダンスを提供する、非常に重要で有用な基準です。この標準は、EN ISO 14040およびEN ISO 14044に基づき、食品、飼料、エネルギーを除くバイオベース製品に焦点を当てています。 この標準の強みは、バイオマスから派生した製品のライフサイクルにわたる影響を評価するための具体的な指針を提供している点です。特に、バイオベース部分の特性をどのように扱うかに重点を置いているため、関連する企業や研究者にとって、実用的な手引きとなります。ライフサイクルアセスメントを行う際の具体的な考慮事項や簡素化、選択肢についても理解を深める助けとなります。 さらに、SIST EN 16760:2016は、全ライフサイクルをカバーしない研究にも適用可能であるため、ビジネス間情報（クレードルからゲートまでの研究や、ゲートからゲートまでの研究など）においても利用できるフレキシビリティを持っています。これにより、用途に応じた多様なアプローチが可能となり、バイオベース製品に特化したLCAの実施における利便性が高まります。 このように、SIST EN 16760:2016はバイオベース製品の環境評価において、特にライフサイクルアセスメントを通じた持続可能性の向上に寄与する標準として、非常に relevancyの高い文書です。
La norme SIST EN 16760:2016 se positionne comme un document fondamental pour l'évaluation du cycle de vie (ECV) des produits bio-sourcés. Son champ d'application est clairement défini, excluant les produits alimentaires, fourrages et énergétiques, ce qui permet de concentrer son attention sur les produits dérivés entièrement ou partiellement de la biomasse. Cette séparation est essentielle pour garantir que les principes et exigences de l'ECV s'appliquent spécifiquement aux caractéristiques uniques des produits bio-sourcés. Parmi les points forts de cette norme, on peut noter la clarté des exigences et des orientations fournies pour évaluer l'impact environnemental des produits tout au long de leur cycle de vie. Cela comprend une attention particulière sur la manière de gérer les spécificités de la partie bio-sourcée des produits, ce qui est crucial pour obtenir des évaluations précises et significatives. La norme s'appuie sur les bases établies par les normes EN ISO 14040 et EN ISO 14044, conférant ainsi une robustesse méthodologique à son application. La pertinence de cette norme est renforcée par sa capacité à être utilisée dans des études qui n'explorent pas l'ensemble du cycle de vie, telles que les études entre entreprises (business-to-business) ou celles axées sur des segments spécifiques du cycle de vie, comme la gestion des déchets. Cela ouvre des opportunités pour une diversité d'applications, facilitant ainsi l'intégration de l'ECV pour les produits bio-sourcés dans différents contextes industriels. En conclusion, la norme SIST EN 16760:2016 représente un cadre indispensable pour les acteurs du secteur souhaitant procéder à une évaluation approfondie et rigoureuse des impacts environnementaux des produits bio-sourcés, tout en respectant les particularités de ceux-ci. Sa structure claire, ses exigences précises et sa flexibilité d'application en font un outil de référence pour la promotion d'une économie plus durable centrée sur les ressources renouvelables.
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