ISO 22395:2018

Security and resilience — Community resilience — Guidelines for supporting vulnerable persons in an emergency

Security and resilience — Community resilience — Guidelines for supporting vulnerable persons in an emergency

General Information

• Status: Published
• Technical Committee: COVID 19 - COVID 19 - ISO
• Directive: standardi COVID-19 - UPDATE ON THE AVAILABILITY OF CEN, CENELEC, ISO, IEC STANDARDS AND THEIR NATIONAL ADOPTIONS IN RESPONSE TO THE COVID-19 OUTBREAK

Standards Content (Sample)

Posebna objava SIST z dovoljenjem CEN, CENELEC, ISO in IEC: Za potrebe zagotavljanja brezplačnega dostopa do vsebin standardov v času epidemije COVID-19.
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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 22395
First edition
2018-10
Security and resilience — Community
resilience — Guidelines for supporting
vulnerable persons in an emergency
Sécurité et résilience — Résilience des communautés — Lignes
directrices pour soutenir la réponse communautaire aux personnes
vulnérables
Reference number
ISO 22395:2018(E)
©
ISO 2018

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Posebna objava SIST z dovoljenjem CEN, CENELEC, ISO in IEC: Za potrebe zagotavljanja brezplačnega dostopa do vsebin standardov v času epidemije COVID-19.
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ISO 22395:2018(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2018
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
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ii © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

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Posebna objava SIST z dovoljenjem CEN, CENELEC, ISO in IEC: Za potrebe zagotavljanja brezplačnega dostopa do vsebin standardov v času epidemije COVID-19.
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ISO 22395:2018(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Identifying vulnerable persons in an emergency . 2
4.1 General . 2
4.2 Identifying types of vulnerabilities . 2
4.3 Identifying vulnerable persons . 3
4.4 Identifying how vulnerable persons can assist others . 3
4.5 Establishing information sharing arrangements . 3
5 Communicating with vulnerable persons in an emergency . 4
5.1 General . 4
5.2 Communicating information for vulnerable persons before, during and after an
emergency . 4
5.3 Understanding the limitations of different media in communicating with
vulnerable persons . 5
5.4 Providing awareness, skills and knowledge on how to work with vulnerable persons . 5
5.5 Making vulnerable persons aware of preparations made by the organization . 5
5.6 Providing information on how vulnerable persons can prepare themselves . 6
5.7 Providing information during an emergency on how vulnerable persons can respond . 6
6 Providing support for vulnerable persons in an emergency . 6
6.1 General . 6
6.2 Providing practical support to vulnerable persons . 7
6.3 Providing physiological support to vulnerable persons . 7
6.4 Providing psychosocial support to vulnerable persons . 8
6.5 Offering practical support to travel away from the affected area . 8
6.6 Determining emergency sheltering needs for vulnerable persons . 8
7 Implementing, reviewing and improving . 9
7.1 General . 9
7.2 Implementing a plan for supporting vulnerable persons . 9
7.3 Reviewing and improving the plan . 9
Bibliography .10
© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved iii

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Posebna objava SIST z dovoljenjem CEN, CENELEC, ISO in IEC: Za potrebe zagotavljanja brezplačnega dostopa do vsebin standardov v času epidemije COVID-19.
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ISO 22395:2018(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso
.org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 292, Security and resilience.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/members .html.
iv © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

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ISO 22395:2018(E)

Introduction
This document gives guidelines for identifying individuals who are the most vulnerable to an emergency
and how to include them in the preparation, response and recovery from events, incidents and
emergencies. Emergencies have different effects on people; for example, some individuals will become
less able to anticipate, cope with, resist or recover from the impacts of an emergency. An individual is
not defined as vulnerable by the nature of their vulnerability, but by their personal circumstances at
the time of the emergency. A person’s vulnerability to an emergency is influenced by many factors and
can vary in different environmental, political, cultural and social contexts. It is widely acknowledged
that persons who are vulnerable to an emergency require specific kinds of assistance. However, there
is less understanding and guidance on how to recognize the individuals who are vulnerable in different
emergency situations, and how to support them. This can be because vulnerability changes over time,
so persons move in and out of being vulnerable, even to the same event, incident or emergency. Relevant
factors include age, economic security, language and health, but also the effects of broader processes
such as climate change, international security and national political trends.
In large numbers and in different contexts, vulnerable persons are not always recognized or there are
too many and they could overwhelm emergency response teams. Furthermore, other types of support
structures exist for vulnerable persons, but these might be fractured in an emergency. It is important to
understand and implement best practices for recognizing and including vulnerable persons in all phases
of emergency preparedness, response and recovery. In particular, this requires an understanding of
what creates vulnerability in order to ensure persons are not overlooked or more negatively impacted
through the management of emergencies.
This document emphasizes capacity building and community resilience. It recognizes that vulnerable
persons and their representatives are key stakeholders and planning partners. It considers
the preparatory measures for involving vulnerable persons in decisions made about providing
assistance before, during and after an emergency, the planning required to engage vulnerable persons
and their representatives, and the ways in which including vulnerable persons will help to increase
understanding about those vulnerabilities and contribute towards their personal well-being during an
emergency.
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Posebna objava SIST z dovoljenjem CEN, CENELEC, ISO in IEC: Za potrebe zagotavljanja brezplačnega dostopa do vsebin standardov v času epidemije COVID-19.
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Posebna objava SIST z dovoljenjem CEN, CENELEC, ISO in IEC: Za potrebe zagotavljanja brezplačnega dostopa do vsebin standardov v času epidemije COVID-19.
Samo za branje. Kopiranje in posredovanje prepovedano. © SIST 2020-04-10
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 22395:2018(E)
Security and resilience — Community resilience —
Guidelines for supporting vulnerable persons in an
emergency
1 Scope
This document gives guidelines for organizations to identify, involve, communicate with and support
individuals who are the most vulnerable to natural and human-induced (both intentional and
unintentional) emergencies. It also includes guidelines for continually improving the provision of
support to vulnerable persons in an emergency.
It is intended for use by organizations with the responsibility for, or involvement in, part or all of the
planning for working with vulnerable persons in an emergency.
It is applicable to all types and sizes of organizations involved in emergency preparation, response and
recovery activities, such as local, regional and national governments; statutory bodies; international
and non-governmental organizations; businesses; and public and community groups.
The focus of this document is on vulnerable individuals and their needs in relation to an emergency.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 22300, Security and resilience — Vocabulary
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 22300 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https: //www .iso .org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http: //www .electropedia .org/
3.1
carer
individual who provides support to a vulnerable person (3.2)
Note 1 to entry: Carers can be paid or unpaid providers of care.
3.2
vulnerable person
individual who might be less able to anticipate, cope with, resist or recover from the impacts of an
emergency
Note 1 to entry: In this document, a vulnerable person is not defined by the nature of the vulnerability but by
their personal circumstances at the time of the emergency.
© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved 1

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Posebna objava SIST z dovoljenjem CEN, CENELEC, ISO in IEC: Za potrebe zagotavljanja brezplačnega dostopa do vsebin standardov v času epidemije COVID-19.
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ISO 22395:2018(E)

4 Identifying vulnerable persons in an emergency
4.1 General
The general aspects to be addressed when considering vulnerable persons in an emergency are
— identifying types of vulnerabilities (4.2),
— identifying vulnerable persons (4.3),
— identifying how vulnerable persons could assist others (4.4), and
— establishing information sharing arrangements (4.5).
An organization may implement all clauses of this document or only some clauses. Partial
implementation of this document could still improve the organization’s performance.
4.2 Identifying types of vulnerabilities
The organization should
— identify the contributing factors that make some individuals vulnerable to an emergency (e.g.
physical, mental, emotional, cognitive, cultural, ethnicity, religion, language, citizenship, location,
socioeconomic status, age, gender),
— determine the different kinds of vulnerabilities that exist and are relevant in an emergency,
— identify how these causes impact on the interaction between vulnerable persons and the emergency
(e.g. the consequences of slower reaction times),
— determine the types of support that vulnerable persons might benefit from before, during and after
an emergency,
— identify the reasons why some vulnerable persons prepare for an emergency and why others don’t
prepare,
— find out the questions that vulnerable persons have that could aid their preparation, response and
recovery from an emergency,
— establish the challenges and opportunities that vulnerable persons face to aid their preparation for,
response to, and recovery from an emergency,
— identify how vulnerable persons might react to an emergency (e.g. whether they will follow
instructions from officials), and
— assess the impacts of different methods of communication on vulnerable persons.
The process of identifying vulnerable persons should
— analyse information about individuals using population-level information to gain a broader
understanding of vulnerable persons,
— include difficult-to-reach groups that involve vulnerable persons, such as those whose interests are
not well represented in decision-making structures,
— engage communities, local authorities and other organizations in the planning for an emergency,
— recognize that the vulnerability of individuals can change over time and that vulnerable persons
might overestimate their own capabilities and so might not have an accurate estimate of their ability
to respond,
2 © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

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Posebna objava SIST z dovoljenjem CEN, CENELEC, ISO in IEC: Za potrebe zagotavljanja brezplačnega dostopa do vsebin standardov v času epidemije COVID-19.
Samo za branje. Kopiranje in posredovanje prepovedano. © SIST 2020-04-10
ISO 22395:2018(E)

— include that carers might support vulnerable persons and need assistance to do this during an
emergency,
— learn from past emergencies and where vulnerable persons were located, and
— recognize the differences between vulnerable persons who live in remote, rural, urban and transient
populations.
4.3 Identifying vulnerable persons
The organization should
— analyse how the impacts of an emergency might cause individuals to be vulnerable,
— develop and implement a process to identify the number of vulnerable persons and places where
they might be (e.g. schools, hospitals, care homes); this process should acknowledge the changing
nature of vulnerabilities and emergencies and be regularly updated, especially when major changes
occur in the demographic,
— identify and prioritize vulnerable persons using databases from service providers,
— provide a system that allows vulnerable persons and their carers to voluntarily register before an
emergency,
— identify contact points with vulnerable persons before an emergency as part of a communication
strategy (see Clause 5),
— assess the number of individuals who might be vulnerable to different emergencies,
— assess the number of vulnerable persons who might benefit from particular types
...