SIST EN 15152:2007
(Main)Railway applications - Front windscreens for train cabs
Railway applications - Front windscreens for train cabs
This European Standard specifies the functional requirements for cab windscreens of high speed trains including testing and conformity assessment. The same requirements can be applied to the windscreens of other types of rolling stock if some of the performance criteria are adjusted to suit the application. Such changes should be based on national standards or infrastructure controller’s regulations where they exist.
This European Standard does not specify all interfaces between the windscreen and the vehicle.
This European Standard does not apply to the renewal of windscreens of high speed rolling stock already in operation.
Bahnanwendungen - Stirnfenster von Führerräumen
Dieses Dokument legt die optischen und strukturellen Eigenschaften für Stirnfenster von Hochgeschwindigkeitszügen fest, einschließlich der Prüfungen und der Konformitätsbewertungen.
Dieses Dokument legt ebenfalls Anforderungen an die Sichtbedingungen in Führerräumen von Hochgeschwindigkeitszügen fest.
Applications ferroviaires - Vitres frontales des cabines pour trains
La présente Norme Européenne spécifie des exigences optiques et structurelles applicables aux vitres
frontales des trains a grande vitesse, incluant des dispositions relatives aux essais et a l'évaluation de la
conformité.
Elle fixe également des exigences concernant la visibilité extérieure a partir de l?intérieur des cabines de
conduite des trains a grande vitesse.
Železniške naprave - Vetrobranska stekla v vozniških kabinah vlakov za velike hitrosti
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Railway applications - Front windscreens for train cabsŽelezniške naprave - Vetrobrani v komandnih kabinah hitrih vlakovApplications ferroviaires - Vitres frontales des cabines pour trainsBahnanwendungen - Stirnfenster von FührerräumenTa slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 15152:2007SIST EN 15152:2007en,de45.060.10Tractive stockICS:SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 15152:200701-november-2007
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 15152August 2007ICS 45.060.10 English VersionRailway applications - Front windscreens for train cabsApplications ferroviaires - Vitres frontales des cabines destrainsBahnanwendungen - Frontscheiben von FührerräumenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 July 2007.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2007 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 15152:2007: E
EN 15152:2007 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword.3 1 Scope.4 2 Normative references.4 3 Terms and definitions.4 4 Functional requirements.6 5 External visibility requirements.15 6 Test methods.16 Annex A (normative)
Diagram of projectile.26 Annex B (informative)
Summary of testing requirements.27 Annex C (informative)
Alternative method for testing resistance to Ultra Violet radiation.28 C.1 General.28 C.2 Test method.28 C.3 Interpretation of results.28 Annex ZA (informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of Directive 96/48/EC, as amended by Directive 2004/50/EC.29 Bibliography.31
EN 15152:2007 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 15152:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256 “Railway applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This document shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2008 and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2008. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directives 96/48 as modified by EU Directive 2004/50. For relationship with EU Directive 96/48, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EN 15152:2007 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the functional requirements for cab windscreens of high speed trains including testing and conformity assessment. The same requirements can be applied to the windscreens of other types of rolling stock if some of the performance criteria are adjusted to suit the application. Such changes should be based on national standards or infrastructure controller’s regulations where they exist. This European Standard does not specify all interfaces between the windscreen and the vehicle. This European Standard does not apply to the renewal of windscreens of high speed rolling stock already in operation. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 2155-9, Aerospace series — Test methods for transparent materials for aircraft glazing — Part 9: Determination of haze EN 50125-1, Railway applications — Environmental conditions for equipment — Part 1: Equipment on board rolling stock EN ISO 4892 (all parts), Plastics — Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources ISO 3537, Road vehicles — Safety glazing materials — Mechanical tests ISO 3538:1997, Road vehicles — Safety glazing materials — Test methods for optical properties ISO 6362-2:1990, Wrought aluminium and aluminium alloy extruded rods/bars, tubes and profiles — Part 2: Mechanical properties CIE 15:2004, Colorimetry1) CIE 38:1977, Radiometric and photometric characteristics of materials and their measurement1) CIE S 004:2001, Colours of light signals1) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 high speed train train which is designed to operate at speeds equal to or greater than 190 km/h NOTE This includes Class 1 and Class 2 high speed trains as defined in the HS TSI RS.
1) To be purchased from: International Commission of Illumination, CIE Central Bureau, Kegelgasse 27, A-1030 Wien.
EN 15152:2007 (E) 5 3.2 windscreen transparent pane built wholly or partly into external walls or doors positioned transversely to the running direction and used for observing the tracks and signals ahead of the train 3.3 primary vision area (area A) area of the windscreen through which track and signals shall be visible from the driving position 3.4 secondary vision area (area B) area of the windscreen outside the primary vision area through which the driver may also be required to look 3.5 peripheral area (area C) area of the windscreen outside the secondary vision area 3.6 secondary image separation angular separation between the primary and the brightest secondary images (due to internal reflection) of a distant light source or object when viewed through a windscreen 3.7 optical distortion (in a given direction) algebraic difference ∆α in angular deviations α1 and α2 measured between two points M and M' on the surface of the windscreen, the distance between them being such that their projections on a plane at right angles to the direction of vision are separated by a given distance ∆x (see Figure 1). NOTE 1 α1 - α2 is the optical distortion in the direction MM'. The sign of the angles shall be considered to achieve a correct value of ∆α. ∆x = MC is the distance between two straight lines parallel to the direction of vision, and passing through the points M and M'. NOTE 2 Anti-clockwise deviation should be regarded as positive, and clockwise deviation as negative.
Key 1 windscreen Figure 1 — Diagrammatic representation of optical distortion
EN 15152:2007 (E) 6 [ISO 3538:1997] 3.8 Ultra-Violet radiation electromagnetic radiation of a wavelength shorter than that of visible light and which, for the purposes of this document, is described as having wavelengths between 200 nm and 400 nm 3.9 spalling particles or pieces of the inner ply of the windscreen that may be propelled into the cab as a result of an object striking the outside surface 4 Functional requirements 4.1 General The windscreen shall be able to withstand the normal operational conditions including environmental conditions according to EN 50125-1. The peripheral area may be deliberately obscured (in whole or in part) e.g. by silk-screen printing for any of the following reasons: aesthetic purposes; elimination of distracting items from the driver's field of vision; for windscreens that are glued into position, to protect the glued area, if necessary, from the effect of Ultra-Violet (UV) radiation. In this case, the obscuration shall not permit more than 0,1 % of incident UV light to reach the glued area. 4.2 Specific performance requirements 4.2.1 General The windscreen has three optical areas: A: primary vision area; B: secondary vision area; C: peripheral area. The extent of these areas is described in 5.2. 4.2.2 Secondary image separation In the case of more than one secondary image, a maximum of one secondary image is to be evaluated. The image to be considered is that which appears brightest to an observer looking through the windscreen from the driving position. The secondary image separation shall not exceed: maximum 15 min of arc in area A; maximum 25 min of arc in area B.
EN 15152:2007 (E) 7 See 6.2.1 for the test method. 4.2.3 Optical distortion The limit of optical distortion shall be: maximum 2 min of arc in area A; maximum 6 min of arc in area B. See 6.2.2 for the test method. 4.2.4 Haze The maximum value of haze shall be 2,5 % for a new windscreen. See 6.2.3 for the test method. 4.2.5 Luminous transmittance The minimum value of luminous transmittance for areas A and B shall be: 65 % when viewed horizontally through the windscreen in its mounted position. See 6.2.4 for the test method. 4.2.6 Chromaticity The windscreen shall not affect the colour of light transmitted through the windscreen to an extent that will cause the driver to misread signals. The minimum requirement for this European Standard is that the windscreen shall not cause a colour shift so that a red signal lamp observed to lie within coordinates of the CIE 1931 Colour Diagram as illustrated in CIE S 004 (0,700; 0,295), (0,705; 0,295), (0,720; 0,280), (0,715; 0,280) would appear, when viewed through the windscreen, to lie outside a zone with co-ordinates (0,680; 0,305), (0,695; 0,305), (0,730; 0,270), (0,715; 0,270). See 6.2.5 for the test method. If an additional requirement to support recognition of yellow signals is specified for the train to which the windscreen is to be fitted, then the further criterion shall be as follows: The windscreen shall not cause a colour shift such that a yellow signal lamp observed to lie within co-ordinates (0,590; 0,410),(0,575; 0,410),(0,612; 0,382),(0,618; 0,382), would appear, when viewed through the windscreen, to lie outside a zone with co-ordinates (0,560; 0,440),(0,546; 0,426),(0,612; 0,382),(0,618; 0,382). 4.2.7 Impacts The windscreen shall be able to resist the impact of an object accidentally or deliberately hitting the windscreen. This shall be demonstrated by the test requirements as defined in 6.2.6. 4.2.8 Residual visibility after breakage The windscreen, when impacted or cracked under requirement 4.2.7, shall remain in its position and have sufficient residual visibility for the train to be driven to a place of safety.
EN 15152:2007 (E) 8 4.2.9 Spalling The driver shall be protected from spalling. This shall be demonstrated by the test requirements as defined in 6.2.7. 4.2.10 Resistance against abrasion The interior and exterior surface materials of a windscreen shall be able to withstand abrasion. The resulting change of haze after abrasion shall not exceed 2 % for the test of the outside surface and 8 % for the test of the inside surface. The test requirements are defined in 6.2.8. 4.2.11 Resistance against fire The design of the windscreen shall be such as to minimise the risk of combustion or production of toxic smoke. If the relevant fire protection requirements of applicable European or national standards are not technically achievable with functionally suitable materials, then it is acceptable to use state-of-art products until and unless a suitable compliant material is developed. The supplier shall demonstrate to a responsible certification body that any such products used are indeed suitable in accordance with this clause. 4.2.12 Resistance to repeated impact from small particles (gravelling) The risk of this type of damage will vary according to train speed, the aerodynamic conditions on the exterior of the driving cab and the construction of the infrastructure on which the train will operate. It is therefore the choice of the customer whether to demand that resistance to gravelling is demonstrated. If a resistance to gravelling is required, then the test requirements shall be as defined in 6.2.9. 4.3 Additional requirements 4.3.1 Appearance 4.3.1.1 General Appearance defects (blemishes) are specifically characteristics of one of the following elements of the windscreen: glass; interlayer; anti-spall layer; assembly; handling. To ensure an acceptable quality of vision to the driver, the number and size of such defects shall not exceed the limits listed in 4.3.1.3. See 6.3.1 for the test methods.
EN 15152:2007 (E) 9 4.3.1.2 Definition and classification of defects Defects are divided into three categories according to their importance: negligible; minor; major. Table 1 is used to classify defects according to their characteristics.
EN 15152:2007 (E) 10 Table 1 — Classification of defects
Negligible Minor Major Point defects Bubble: Air pocket, sometimes coloured entrapped in glass d ≤ 0,8 mm 0,8 mm < d ≤ 2 mm d > 2 mm Impurities: Small impurity in glass or interlayer, or an embedded particle d ≤ 0,8 mm 0,8 mm < d ≤ 2 mm d > 2 mm Spot: Local translucent area on interlayer d ≤ 0,8 mm 0,8 mm < d ≤ 2 mm d > 2 mm Surface defect: Blemish caused by minor impact or abrasion (e.g. between two sheets of material during storage) d ≤ 0,8 mm 0,8 mm < d ≤ 2 mm d > 2 mm Anti-spall layer specific defects Skin blister: Localised deformation of the transparent surface d ≤ 1,5 mm 1,5 mm < d ≤ 3 mm d > 3 mm Cord: A relatively thick and very obvious thread of material L ≤ 5 mm 5 mm < L ≤ 10 mm L > 10 mm Coating drip: Uneven thickness of final coating d ≤ 5 mm 5 mm < d ≤ 10 mm d > 10 mm Linear defects: Defects where the length to width ratio is high. The dimension given is the direct distance between the extremities of the defect. Scratch, chipped scratch: Superficial scratch, rectilinear or curvilinear, with shelling to each side of the scratch − All dimensions Fine scratch or other linear defect detectable by touch d ≤ 13 mm 13 mm < d ≤ 40 mm d > 40 mm Hairline scratches hardly detectable by touch but visible on the surface All dimensions − Print of attenuated (repaired) scratch d ≤ 13 mm 13 mm < d ≤ 40 mm d > 40 mm Lint, fibre, hair: Elongated impurity entrapped between glass ply and interlayer when laminating d ≤ 13 mm 13 mm < d ≤ 40 mm d > 40 mm Streak, mark (drag) trace:
Whitish area in the interlayer, hardly detectable under daylight condition Any dimension, but one that does not attract the eye at 3 m from the product If attracting the eye at 3 m from the product and having total surface ≤ 8 cm²If attracting the eye at 3 m from the product and having total surface > 8 cm²
EN 15152:2007 (E) 11 Table 1 (concluded)
Negligible Minor Major Edge defects: These defects shall never extend beyond the peripheral area. Tong marks: Impressions made in glass by the tips of the tongs used to suspend the glass during tempering which induce a local deformation, iridescence and hairline scratches Disregarded
Bending tool mark: Impressions made in glass in the peripheral area by the bending tool Disregarded
Shell, chips: Small loss of glass fragment, at the edge, not totally eliminated by grinding. However, sharp edges that may cause injury when fitting the windscreen shall not be accepted. The grinding to eliminate these defects can extend up to 10 mm from the edge of the glass d ≤ 1mm 1 mm < d ≤ 2mm d > 2mm Silk-screen printing special defects Impurities under silk screen: d ≤ 1,5 mm 1,5 mm < d ≤ 3 mm d > 3 mm Dot fade-out: Visual inspection shall confirm that the uniformity of the dot fade-out pattern is acceptable and any irregularity does not attract the eye at 3 m from the product
Key 1 hole, 2 dividing point Solid colour surface:
Circular-type defect:
d ≤ 2 mm 2 mm < d ≤ 4 mm d > 4 mm Linear defect: S = L × T
S ≤ 20 mm² with T ≤ 0,5 mm 20 mm² < S ≤ 80 mm²with
T ≤ 1 mm S > 80 mm²
Defects on the edge of the solid colour surface:
Inner edge (nearest to vision area):
Outer edge: P ≤ 2 mm
and
L ≥ 40 mm P < 5 mm 2 mm < P ≤ 3 mm and
10 mm < L ≤ 40 mm P = 5 mm peripheral P > 3 mm
and
L < 10 mm P > 5 mm
EN 15152:2007 (E) 12 4.3.1.3 Defect acceptance criteria The level of defect on a new windscreen shall not exceed the limits set out in Table 2. Table 2
Defect acceptance limits Classification of defect
Vision area Negligible Minor Major Area A Disregarded See a A maximum of 3 defects of any type within any circular area of d = 300 mm 0 Area B Disregarded See a A maximum of 3 defects within any circular area of d = 100 mm 0 Area C See b See b See b Printed Area See c A maximum of 3 defects inside any region of length 100 mm 0 a The accumulation of these disregarded defects shall not impair useful vision. b Appearance defects shall only be tolerated provided they do not impair the mechanical properties of the windscreen. The following defects are allowed in Area C only: irregularity in external dimension of individual layers (maximum 5 mm/edge); bubbling; delamination; opacity of the interlayer with a total surface area of these defects to be less than 2 % of the peripheral zone surface. c In areas used for bonding of glued windscreens the accumulation of disregarded defects shall not permit average Ultra Violet transmittance of more than 0,1 % when a glue protection is specified.
4.3.2 Heating system 4.3.2.1 General If an integral heating system is specified by the customer, it can be provided by an electric system using: coating; wires embedded in the windscreen. At the minimum such a heating system shall be effective across the primary vision area of the windscreen.
EN 15152:2007 (E) 13 The specification from the customer shall contain either of the following information: range of ambient service temperature; effective supply voltage; variation of supply voltage that the heating system shall sustain without damage; time to de-ice at nominal voltage (if requested); surface area to de-ice or demist; maximum power allowable (if necessary); or specific power; nominal supply voltage; variation of supply voltage that the heating system shall sustain without damage; surface area to de-ice or demist. Total power (W) is defined by specific power (W/dm2) multiplied by the heated surface (dm2). The windscreen manufacturer shall declare: specific power; time to de-ice (if requested); total resistance (± 15 %) at 20 °C ambient temperature; total power. NOTE All calculations are made assuming that the train is stationary in still air. 4.3.2.2 Coating 4.3.2.2.1 General In the event that a heating system generates a flux line between two heating zones, a flux line is permitted but shall be colourless and no more than 1 mm width. Location of such flux lines shall be agreed by the customer at the design stage and shown on drawing. 4.3.2.2.2 Defect acceptance criteria Observable irregularities in the heated area generated by hot points within the coating shall not exceed the figures given in Table 3.
EN 15152:2007 (E) 14 Table 3 — Permitted defects in the heated area Defect diameter x Number x ≤ 5mm unlimited x ≤ 10 mm 3 x > 10mm 0 The accumulation of permitted defects shall not prevent useful vision.
4.3.2.3 Defect acceptance criteria of wires Irregularities due to defective electrical continuity shall not exceed: maximum two non-heated zones ≤ 15 mm wide, at least 45 mm apart or a single non-heated zone ≤ 20 mm wide; non heated or over heated zone ≤ 5 mm wide; The accumulation of permitted defects shall not impair the optical properties or prevent useful vision. See 6.3.2 for the test methods. 4.3.2.4 Flash test In order to prove the electrical insulation of the heating zone in
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