SIST EN 61000-4-2:2009
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) -- Part 4-2: Testing and measurement techniques - Electrostatic discharge immunity test
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) -- Part 4-2: Testing and measurement techniques - Electrostatic discharge immunity test
This part of IEC 61000 relates to the immunity requirements and test methods for electrical and electronic equipment subjected to static electricity discharges, from operators directly, and from personnel to adjacent objects. It additionally defines ranges of test levels which relate to different environmental and installation conditions and establishes test procedures. The object of this standard is to establish a common and reproducible basis for evaluating the performance of electrical and electronic equipment when subjected to electrostatic discharges. In addition, it includes electrostatic discharges which may occur from personnel to objects near vital equipment. This standard defines: - typical waveform of the discharge current; - range of test levels; - test equipment; - test setup; - test procedure; - calibration procedure; - measurement uncertainty. This standard gives specifications for test performed in "laboratories" and "post-installation tests" performed on equipment in the final installation. This standard does not intend to specify the tests to be applied to particular apparatus or systems. Its main aim is to give a general basic reference to all concerned product committees of the IEC. The product committees (or users and manufacturers of equipment) remain responsible for the appropriate choice of the tests and the severity level to be applied to their equipment. In order not to impede the task of coordination and standardization, the product committees or users and manufacturers are strongly recommended to consider (in their future work or revision of old standards) the adoption of the relevant immunity tests specified in this standard.
Elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit (EMV) - Teil 4-2: Prüf- und Messverfahren - Prüfung der Störfestigkeit gegen die Entladung statischer Elektrizität
Compatibilité électromagnétique (CEM) -- Partie 4-2: Techniques d’essai et de mesure - Essai d’immunité aux décharges électrostatiques
La CEI 61000-4-2:2008 présente norme internationale se rapporte aux exigences et méthodes d'essais relatives à l'immunité des matériels électriques et électroniques, soumis à des décharges d'électricité statique produites directement par les opérateurs, et entre le personnel et des objets situés à proximité. Elle définit en outre des gammes de niveaux d'essais, qui correspondent à différentes conditions d'environnement et d'installation et elle établit des procédures d'essai. La CEI 61000-4-2:2008 a pour objet d'établir une base commune et reproductible pour l'évaluation des performances des matériels électriques et électroniques lorsqu'ils sont soumis à des décharges électrostatiques. Elle intègre également les décharges électrostatiques qui peuvent apparaître entre le personnel et des objets situés à proximité de matériels vitaux. La CEI 61000-4-2:2008 définit la forme d'onde type du courant de décharge, la gamme des niveaux d'essais, le matériel d'essai, le montage d'essai, la procédure d'essai, la procédure d'étalonnage et l'incertitude de mesure. La CEI 61000-4-2:2008 donne des spécifications pour les essais menés en "laboratoires" et "les essais après installation" réalisés sur le matériel dans l'installation finale. Cette deuxième édition annule et remplace la première édition publiée en 1995, son amendement 1 (1998) et son amendement 2 (2000) et constitue une révision technique. Elle a le statut d'une publication fondamentale en CEM conformément au Guide 107 de la CEI. Les modifications principales par rapport à la première édition de cette norme et ses amendements sont les suivantes:
- les spécifications de la cible ont été étendues jusqu'à 4 GHz. Un exemple de cible satisfaisant ces exigences est également fourni;
- de l'information sur les champs rayonnés par une décharge homme-métal et par les générateurs de DES est donnée;
- des considérations concernant les incertitudes de mesure avec des exemples de budgets d'incertitudes sont également données.
Elektromagnetna združljivost (EMC) - 4-2. del: Preskusne in merilne tehnike - Preskus odpornosti proti elektrostatični razelektritvi (IEC 61000-4-2:2008)
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 61000-4-2:2009
01-september-2009
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 61000-4-2:1997
SIST EN 61000-4-2:1997/A1:1999
SIST EN 61000-4-2:1997/A2:2002
(OHNWURPDJQHWQD]GUXåOMLYRVW (0& GHO 3UHVNXVQHLQPHULOQHWHKQLNH
3UHVNXVRGSRUQRVWLSURWLHOHNWURVWDWLþQLUD]HOHNWULWYL ,(&
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) -- Part 4-2: Testing and measurement techniques -
Electrostatic discharge immunity test
Elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit (EMV) - Teil 4-2: Prüf- und Messverfahren - Prüfung
der Störfestigkeit gegen die Entladung statischer Elektrizität
Compatibilité électromagnétique (CEM) -- Partie 4-2: Techniques d’essai et de mesure -
Essai d’immunité aux décharges électrostatiques
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 61000-4-2:2009
ICS:
33.100.20 Imunost Immunity
SIST EN 61000-4-2:2009 en,fr
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 61000-4-2:2009
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SIST EN 61000-4-2:2009
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 61000-4-2
NORME EUROPÉENNE
March 2009
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 33.100.20 Supersedes EN 61000-4-2:1995 + A1:1998 + A2:2001
English version
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) -
Part 4-2: Testing and measurement techniques -
Electrostatic discharge immunity test
(IEC 61000-4-2:2008)
Compatibilité électromagnétique (CEM) - Elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit (EMV) -
Partie 4-2: Techniques d’essai Teil 4-2: Prüf- und Messverfahren -
et de mesure - Prüfung der Störfestigkeit gegen
Essai d’immunité die Entladung statischer Elektrizität
aux décharges électrostatiques (IEC 61000-4-2:2008)
(CEI 61000-4-2:2008)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2009-03-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply
with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard
the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified
to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, the
Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
Central Secretariat: avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels
© 2009 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 61000-4-2:2009 E
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SIST EN 61000-4-2:2009
EN 61000-4-2:2009 - 2 -
Foreword
The text of document 77B/574/FDIS, future edition 2 of IEC 61000-4-2, prepared by SC 77B, High
frequency phenomena, of IEC TC 77, Electromagnetic compatibility, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC
parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 61000-4-2 on 2009-03-01.
This European Standard supersedes EN 61000-4-2:1995 + A1:1998 + A2:2001.
The main changes with respect to EN 61000-4-2:1995 are the following:
– the specifications of the target have been extended up to 4 GHz. An example of target matching these
requirements is also provided;
– information on radiated fields from human-metal discharge and from ESD generators is provided;
– measurement uncertainty considerations with examples of uncertainty budgets are given too.
The following dates were fixed:
– latest date by which the EN has to be implemented
at national level by publication of an identical
national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2009-12-01
– latest date by which the national standards conflicting
with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2012-03-01
Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC.
__________
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 61000-4-2:2008 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following note has to be added for the standard indicated:
IEC 61000-6-1 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61000-6-1:2007 (not modified).
__________
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SIST EN 61000-4-2:2009
- 3 - EN 61000-4-2:2009
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD
applies.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
1)
IEC 60050-161 - International Electrotechnical Vocabulary - -
(IEV) -
Chapter 161: Electromagnetic compatibility
1) 2)
IEC 60068-1 - Environmental testing - EN 60068-1 1994
Part 1: General and guidance
1)
Undated reference.
2)
Valid edition at date of issue.
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SIST EN 61000-4-2:2009
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SIST EN 61000-4-2:2009
IEC 61000-4-2
Edition 2.0 2008-12
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
BASIC EMC PUBLICATION
PUBLICATION FONDAMENTALE EN CEM
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) –
Part 4-2: Testing and measurement techniques – Electrostatic discharge
immunity test
Compatibilité électromagnétique (CEM) –
Partie 4-2: Techniques d'essai et de mesure – Essai d'immunité aux décharges
électrostatiques
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
XB
CODE PRIX
ICS 33.100.20 ISBN 2-8318-1019-7
® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
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CONTENTS
FOREWORD.4
INTRODUCTION.6
1 Scope.7
2 Normative references .7
3 Terms and definitions .8
4 General .10
5 Test levels.10
6 Test generator.10
6.1 General .10
6.2 Characteristics and performance of the ESD generator .11
6.3 Verification of the ESD setup.14
7 Test setup .15
7.1 Test equipment .15
7.2 Test setup for tests performed in laboratories.15
7.2.1 Test requirements.15
7.2.2 Table-top equipment.16
7.2.3 Floor-standing equipment .17
7.2.4 Ungrounded equipment .18
7.3 Test setup for post-installation tests .22
8 Test procedure .23
8.1 Laboratory reference conditions .23
8.1.1 Environmental parameters.23
8.1.2 Climatic conditions .23
8.1.3 Electromagnetic conditions .24
8.2 EUT exercising.24
8.3 Execution of the test.24
8.3.1 Discharges to the EUT.24
8.3.2 Direct application of discharges to the EUT .24
8.3.3 Indirect application of the discharge .26
9 Evaluation of test results .27
10 Test report.27
Annex A (informative) Explanatory notes .28
Annex B (normative) Calibration of the current measurement system and
measurement of discharge current.33
Annex C (informative) Example of a calibration target meeting the requirements
of Annex B.39
Annex D (informative) Radiated fields from human metal discharge and ESD
generators .45
Annex E (informative) Measurement uncertainty (MU) considerations .55
Annex F (informative) Variation in test results and escalation strategy.62
Bibliography.63
Figure 1 – Simplified diagram of the ESD generator.11
Figure 2 – Ideal contact discharge current waveform at 4 kV .13
Figure 3 – Discharge electrodes of the ESD generator.14
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Figure 4 – Example of test set-up for table-top equipment, laboratory tests .17
Figure 5 – Example of test setup for floor-standing equipment, laboratory tests .18
Figure 6 – Example of a test setup for ungrounded table-top equipment .20
Figure 7 – Example of a test setup for ungrounded floor-standing equipment.21
Figure 8 – Example of test setup for floor-standing equipment, post-installation tests .23
Figure A.1 – Maximum values of electrostatic voltages to which operators may be
charged while in contact with the materials mentioned in Clause A.2 .29
Figure B.1 – Example of a target adapter line attached to current target .34
Figure B.2 – Example of a front side of a current target .34
Figure B.3 – Example of measurement of the insertion loss of a current target-
attenuator-cable chain .35
Figure B.4 – Circuit diagram to determine the low-frequency system transfer
impedance .36
Figure B.5 – Typical arrangement for calibration of ESD generator performance.38
Figure C.1 – Mechanical drawing of a coaxial target (drawing 1 of 5) .40
Figure C.2 – Mechanical drawing of a coaxial target (drawing 2 of 5) .41
Figure C.3 – Mechanical drawing of a coaxial target (drawing 3 of 5) .42
Figure C.4 – Mechanical drawing of a coaxial target (drawing 4 of 5) .43
Figure C.5 – Mechanical drawing of a coaxial target (drawing 5 of 5) .44
Figure D.1 – Electric field of a real human, holding metal, charged at 5 kV measured
at 0,1 m distance and for an arc length of 0,7 mm.48
Figure D.2 – Magnetic field of a real human, holding metal, charged at 5 kV, measured
at 0,1 m distance and for an arc length of approximately 0,5 mm .48
Figure D.3 – Semi-circle loop on the ground plane.49
Figure D.4 – Voltages induced in a semi-loop .50
Figure D.5 – Example of test setup to measure radiated ESD fields.50
Figure D.6 – Comparison between measured (solid line) and calculated numerically
(dot line) voltage drop on the loop for a distance of 45 cm .52
Figure D.7 – Comparison between calculated H field from measured data (solid line)
and H field calculated by numerical simulation (dotted line) for a distance of 45 cm .52
Figure D.8 – Structure illuminated by radiated fields and equivalent circuit .53
Figure D.9 – Radiated H fields .54
Table 1 – Test levels.10
Table 2 – General specifications .12
Table 3 – Contact discharge current waveform parameters .12
Table 4 – Cases for application of ESD on connectors .25
Table A.1 – Guideline for the selection of the test levels .30
Table B.1 – Contact discharge calibration procedure .37
Table E.1 – Example of uncertainty budget for ESD rise time calibration .59
Table E.2 – Example of uncertainty budget for ESD peak current calibration .60
Table E.3 – Example of uncertainty budget for ESD I , I calibration.61
30 60
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INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY (EMC) –
Part 4-2: Testing and measurement techniques –
Electrostatic discharge immunity test
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with an IEC Publication.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 61000-4-2 has been prepared by subcommittee 77B: High-
frequency phenomena, of IEC technical committee 77: Electromagnetic compatibility.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1995, its amendment 1
(1998) and its amendment 2 (2000) and constitutes a technical revision.
It forms Part 4-2 of IEC 61000. It has the status of a basic EMC publication in accordance
with IEC Guide 107.
The main changes with respect to the first edition of this standard and its amendments are the
following:
• the specifications of the target have been extended up to 4 GHz. An example of target
matching these requirements is also provided;
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61000-4-2 © IEC:2008 – 5 –
• information on radiated fields from human-metal discharge and from ESD generators
is provided;
• measurement uncertainty considerations with examples of uncertainty budgets are
given too.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
77B/574/FDIS 77B/584/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
A list of all parts of the IEC 61000 series, published under the general title Electromagnetic
compatibility (EMC), can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in
the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
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INTRODUCTION
IEC 61000-4 is a part of the IEC 61000 series, according to the following structure:
Part 1: General
General consideration (introduction, fundamental principles)
Definitions, terminology
Part 2: Environment
Description of the environment
Classification of the environment
Compatibility levels
Part 3: Limits
Emission limits
Immunity limits (in so far as they do not fall under the responsibility of the product
committees)
Part 4: Testing and measurement techniques
Measurement techniques
Testing techniques
Part 5: Installation and mitigation guidelines
Installation guidelines
Mitigation methods and devices
Part 6: Generic standards
Part 9: Miscellaneous
Each part is further subdivided into several parts, published either as international standards
or as technical specifications or technical reports, some of which have already been published
as sections. Others will be published with the part number followed by a dash and a second
number identifying the subdivision (example: IEC 61000-6-1).
This part of IEC 61000 is an International Standard which gives immunity requirements and
test procedures related to electrostatic discharge.
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61000-4-2 © IEC:2008 – 7 –
ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY (EMC) –
Part 4-2: Testing and measurement techniques –
Electrostatic discharge immunity test
1 Scope
This part of IEC 61000 relates to the immunity requirements and test methods for electrical
and electronic equipment subjected to static electricity discharges, from operators directly,
and from personnel to adjacent objects. It additionally defines ranges of test levels which
relate to different environmental and installation conditions and establishes test procedures.
The object of this standard is to establish a common and reproducible basis for evaluating the
performance of electrical and electronic equipment when subjected to electrostatic
discharges. In addition, it includes electrostatic discharges which may occur from personnel to
objects near vital equipment.
This standard defines:
– typical waveform of the discharge current;
– range of test levels;
– test equipment;
– test setup;
– test procedure;
– calibration procedure;
– measurement uncertainty.
This standard gives specifications for test performed in "laboratories" and "post-installation
tests" performed on equipment in the final installation.
This standard does not intend to specify the tests to be applied to particular apparatus or
systems. Its main aim is to give a general basic reference to all concerned product
committees of the IEC. The product committees (or users and manufacturers of equipment)
remain responsible for the appropriate choice of the tests and the severity level to be applied
to their equipment.
In order not to impede the task of coordination and standardization, the product committees or
users and manufacturers are strongly recommended to consider (in their future work or
revision of old standards) the adoption of the relevant immunity tests specified in this
standard.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition
of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60050(161), International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Chapter 161:
Electromagnetic compatibility
IEC 60068-1, Environmental testing – Part 1: General and guidance
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3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this part of IEC 61000, the following terms and definitions apply and are
applicable to the restricted field of electrostatic discharge; not all of them are included in
IEC 60050(161) [IEV].
3.1
air discharge method
method of testing in which the charged electrode of the test generator is moved towards the
EUT until it touches the EUT
3.2
antistatic material
material exhibiting properties which minimize charge generation when rubbed against or
separated from the same or other similar materials
3.3
calibration
set of operations which establishes, by reference to standards, the relationship which exists,
under specified conditions, between an indication and a result of a measurement
NOTE 1 This term is based on the "uncertainty" approach.
NOTE 2 The relationship between the indications and the results of measurement can be expressed, in principle,
by a calibration diagram.
[IEV 311-01-09]
3.4
conformance test
test on a representative sample of the equipment with the objective of determining whether
the equipment, as designed and manufactured, can meet the requirements of this standard
3.5
contact discharge method
method of testing in which the electrode of the test generator is kept in contact with the EUT
or coupling plane and the discharge is actuated by the discharge switch within the generator
3.6
coupling plane
metal sheet or plate, to which discharges are applied to simulate electrostatic discharge to
objects adjacent to the EUT; HCP: Horizontal Coupling Plane; VCP: Vertical Coupling Plane
3.7
degradation (of performance)
undesired departure in the operational performance of any device, equipment or system from
its intended performance
NOTE The term "degradation" can apply to temporary or permanent malfunction.
[IEV 161-01-19]
3.8
direct application
application of the discharge directly to the EUT
3.9
electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)
ability of an equipment or system to function satisfactorily in its electromagnetic environment
without introducing intolerable electromagnetic disturbances to anything in that environment
[IEV 161-01-07]
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3.10
electrostatic discharge (ESD)
transfer of electric charge between bodies of different electrostatic potential in proximity or
through direct contact
[IEV 161-01-22]
3.11
energy storage capacitor
capacitor of the ESD-generator representing the capacity of a human body charged to the test
voltage value
NOTE This element may be provided as a discrete component or a distributed capacitance.
3.12
EUT
equipment under test
3.13
ground reference plane (GRP)
flat conductive surface whose potential is used as a common reference
[IEV 161-04-36]
3.14
holding time
interval of time within which the decrease of the test voltage due to leakage, prior to the
discharge, is not greater than 10 %
3.15
immunity (to a disturbance)
ability of a device, equipment or system to perform without degradation in the presence of an
electromagnetic disturbance
[IEV 161-01-20]
3.16
indirect application
application of the discharge to a coupling plane in the vicinity of the EUT to simulate
personnel discharge to objects which are adjacent to the EUT
3.17
rise time
interval of time between the instants at which the instantaneous value of a pulse first reaches
the specified lower and upper limits
NOTE Unless otherwise specified, the lower and upper values are fixed at 10 % and 90 % of the pulse magnitude.
[IEV 161-02-05, modified]
3.18
verification
set of operations which are used to check the test equipment system (e.g., the test generator
and the interconnecting cables) and to demonstrate that the test system is functioning
NOTE 1 The methods used for verification can be different from those used for calibration.
NOTE 2 For the purpose of this basic EMC standard this definition is different from the definition given in
IEV 311-01-13.
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4 General
This standard relates to equipment, systems, subsystems and peripherals which may be
involved in static electricity discharges owing to environmental and installation conditions,
...
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