SIST EN 13674-1:2004+A1:2008
(Main)Railway applications - Track - Rail - Part 1: Vignole railway rails 46 kg/m and above
Railway applications - Track - Rail - Part 1: Vignole railway rails 46 kg/m and above
This European Standard specifies Vignole railway rails of 46 kg/m and greater linear mass, for general and high speed railway track usage. Seven pearlitic steel grades are specified covering a hardness range of 200 to 390 HBW and include non heat treated carbon manganese steels; non heat treated alloy steels; and heat treated carbon manganese and low alloy steels.
Bahnanwendungen - Oberbau - Schienen - Teil 1: Vignolschienen ab 46 kg/m
Diese Europäische Norm enthält Festlegungen für Vignolschienen mit einer längenbezogenen Masse ab 46 kg/m für normale und Hochgeschwindigkeitsstrecken im Eisenbahnwesen.
Sieben perlitische Stahlsorten in einem Härtebereich zwischen 200 HBW und 390 HBW sind festgelegt. Die Schienen sind entweder nichtwärmebehandelt und bestehen aus Kohlenstoff-Mangan-Stahl bzw. legiertem Stahl oder sind wärmebehandelt und bestehen aus Kohlenstoff-Mangan-Stahl bzw. niedriglegiertem Stahl.
In dieser Norm sind 21 Schienenprofile festgelegt.
Zwei Schienenklassen sind festgelegt, die sich hinsichtlich der Anforderungen an die Geradheit, die Fahrflächenebenheit und das Kopfprofil unterscheiden. Für die Profiltoleranzen sind drei Klassen festgelegt.
Applications ferroviaires - Voie - Rails - Partie 1: Rails vignole de masse supérieure ou égale a 46 kg/m
La présente partie de la Norme européenne spécifie les rails ferroviaires Vignole symétriques de masse linéaire supérieure ou égale à 46 kg/m, destinés à l'usage des voies classiques et à grande vitesse.
Sept nuances d'acier perlitique sont spécifiées représentant une fourchette de dureté comprise entre 200 HBW et 390 HBW et incluant :
- les aciers non traités thermiquement au carbone manganèse ;
- les aciers alliés non traités thermiquement ;
- les aciers traités thermiquement au carbone manganèse ;
- les aciers faiblement alliés traités thermiquement.
21 profils de rail sont spécifiés dans la présente norme.
Deux classes de rectitudes des rails sont spécifiées, différenciées par les exigences de rectitude, la planéité de la surface et le bombé du champignon. Deux classes de tolérances de profils sont également spécifiées.
Železniške naprave - Zgornji ustroj - Tirnica - 1. del: Vignolove tirnice z maso 46 kg/m in več
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Bahnanwendungen - Oberbau - Schienen - Teil 1: Vignolschienen ab 46 kg/mApplications ferroviaires - Voie - Rails - Partie 1: Rails vignole de masse supérieure ou égale a 46 kg/mRailway applications - Track - Rail - Part 1: Vignole railway rails 46 kg/m and above45.080Rails and railway componentsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 13674-1:2003+A1:2007SIST EN 13674-1:2004+A1:2008en,fr,de01-marec-2008SIST EN 13674-1:2004+A1:2008SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST EN 13674-1:2004+A1:2008
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 13674-1:2003+A1
November 2007 ICS 93.100 Supersedes EN 13674-1:2003 English Version
Railway applications - Track - Rail - Part 1: Vignole railway rails 46 kg/m and above
Applications ferroviaires - Voie - Rails - Partie 1: Rails vignole de masse supérieure ou égale à 46 kg/m
Bahnanwendungen - Oberbau - Schienen - Teil 1: Vignolschienen ab 46 kg/m This European Standard was approved by CEN on 28 February 2003 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 27 September 2007.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels © 2007 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13674-1:2003+A1:2007: ESIST EN 13674-1:2004+A1:2008
EN 13674-1:2003+A1:2007 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword.4 Introduction.6 1 Scope.8 2 Normative references.8 3 Terms and definitions.8 4 Information to be supplied by the purchaser.9 5 Steel grades.10 6 Profile drawings/properties/mass.10 7 Manufacture.10 7.1 Product integrity.10 7.1.1 Factory production control.10 7.1.2 Best practice manufacture.11 7.2 Blooms.11 7.3 Rails.11 7.4 Identification.11 7.4.1 Branding.11 7.4.2 Hot stamping.12 7.4.3 Cold stamping.12 7.4.4 Other identification.12 8 Qualifying tests.13 8.1 Procedure.13 8.2 Fracture toughness (KIc).13 8.2.1 Test pieces and test methods.13 8.2.2 Qualifying criteria.13 8.3 Fatigue crack growth rate.14 8.3.1 Test method.14 8.3.2 Test pieces.14 8.3.3 Number of tests and test conditions.14 8.3.4 Qualifying criteria.14 8.4 Fatigue test.14 8.4.1 Test method.14 8.4.2 Test pieces.15 8.4.3 Number of tests and test conditions.15 8.4.4 Qualifying criteria.15 8.5 Residual stress in rail foot.15 8.5.1 Test method.15 8.5.2 Test pieces.15 8.5.3 Measurements.15 8.5.4 Qualifying criteria.15 8.6 Variation of centre line running surface hardness of heat treated rails.15 8.7 Tensile strength and elongation.16 8.8 Segregation.16 8.9 Other qualifying requirements.17 9 Acceptance tests.17 9.1 Laboratory tests.17 9.1.1 General.17 9.1.2 Chemical composition.17 9.1.3 Microstructure.21 SIST EN 13674-1:2004+A1:2008
EN 13674-1:2003+A1:2007 (E) 3 9.1.4 Decarburisation.22 9.1.5 Oxide cleanness.22 9.1.6 Sulfur prints.22 9.1.7 Hardness.23 9.1.8 Tensile tests.23 9.1.9 Retest procedures.24 9.2 Dimension tolerances.24 9.2.1 Profile.24 9.2.2 Straightness, surface flatness and twist.25 9.2.3 Cutting and drilling.28 9.3 Gauges.28 9.4 Inspection requirements/tolerances for internal quality and surface quality.28 9.4.1 Ultrasonic test requirements.28 9.4.2 Surface quality.30 Annex A (normative)
Rail profiles.45 Annex B (normative)
Standard test method for the determination of the plane strain fracture toughness (KIc) of rails.70 Annex C (normative)
Method for the determination of rail foot surface longitudinal residual stresses.76 Annex D (normative)
Limiting sulfur prints.79 Annex E (normative)
Profile and drilling gauges.93 Annex F (informative)
Comparison of steel designations referred to in this standard compared to those in EN 10027-1 and EN 10027-2.105 Annex ZA (informative)
Clauses of this European Standard addressing essential requirements or other provisions of EU Directives.106 Bibliography.107
SIST EN 13674-1:2004+A1:2008
EN 13674-1:2003+A1:2007 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 13674-1:2003+A1:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256 “Railway applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2008. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. This document supersedes EN 13674-1:2003. This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2007-09-27. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags !". This part of EN 13674 is the first of a series of standards for rails. Railway applications – Track: Part 1: Vignole railway rails 46 kg/m and above Part 2: Switch and crossing rails used in conjunction with Vignole railway rails 46 kg/m and above Part 3: Check rails Part 4: Vignole railway rails from 27 kg/m to, but excluding 46 kg/m Other standards planned for publication include the following: Special purpose rail – Part 1:Grooved and associated construction. Flash butt welding of new rails R220 and R260 grade rails in a fixed plant. Flash butt welding of new R260Mn and R350HT grade rails in a fixed plant. Flash butt welding of new R220 and R260 grade rails by mobile welding machines at sites other than at a fixed plant. Flash butt welding of R220 and R260 grade reusable rails. Flash butt welding in association with crossing construction. Approval of aluminothermic welding processes. Tests for qualification of aluminothermic welders, approval of contractors and acceptance of welds. Restoration of rails by electric arc welding.
SIST EN 13674-1:2004+A1:2008
EN 13674-1:2003+A1:2007 (E) 5 According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 13674-1:2004+A1:2008
EN 13674-1:2003+A1:2007 (E) 6 Introduction This Introduction provides an explanation of the concepts, and reasoning used in the production of this standard. Its inclusion also ensures that during future revisions restrictions are removed as technology progresses and to hold them where it has not, thus ensuring continued safety as new producers, products and technologies are introduced. The most commonly used standards of the world for the supply of railway rails have been reviewed during the preparation of this standard. However, modern rail production technology and the requirements of high speed railways within the Community have demanded a completely new look at the philosophy and content of this part of EN 13674. Whenever possible this part of EN 13674 is performance based, recognises the European Quality System standard EN ISO 9001 and requires manufacturers to offer the latest proven technology to consistently satisfy the demanding quality of the required product. This part of EN 13674 has two major divisions: 1) qualifying tests; 2) acceptance tests. The qualifying tests introduce a number of performance requirements not previously seen in national or international standards. They also include typical results from relevant acceptance tests. Rail grading is based on hardness rather than tensile strength. The acceptance tests have been designed to control those characteristics of the rail steel and rail that are of relevance to the production of high quality rails and the demands of the railway. The steel grades covered by this part of EN 13674 reflect trends in railway usage and heat treated rails are included. The standard includes rail profiles for Vignole rails having a linear mass 46 kg/m and above. To ensure the supply of high quality rails, some restrictions on production processes have been imposed. The standard supersedes other standards covered by the scope and applies to all procurements falling inside the requirements of the European Procurement Directive (93/38/EEC of 14th June 1993). In addition CEN required, where possible, a performance based standard, taking into account safety implications and at the same time addressing modern production technology and the requirements of high-speed railways. As a result of the Directive it was recognised that there would be few opportunities (and these would have to be for transparent safety considerations) for derogation from the standard to operate between the user and the manufacturer.
The standard reflects this change in philosophy from the traditional content of rail standards. A review was undertaken of the most commonly used rail standards of the world. All relevant aspects important to both user and manufacturer were considered with the aim of ensuring that all of the content had specific usefulness and relevance. For example rail grading and much of the standard has been based on hardness rather than tensile strength. Whilst the two are directly related, hardness is very quick and cheap to carry out and provides more relevant guidance to the user particularly where properties vary in different parts of the profile.
Since many rail manufacturers would have not previously carried out proving trials, the standard includes a prerequisite for all manufacturers to prove conformity against a set of qualifying test criteria at the time of tendering. The Qualifying tests include all “normal” acceptance test results plus new "type-casting" features such as fracture toughness, fatigue and residual stress. To provide users with the necessary confidence, acceptance limits have been based on results from rail known to have performed well in demanding track installations.
One aspect of the standard which is a complete break from tradition is the inclusion of quality assurance and inspection clause as part of product integrity. SIST EN 13674-1:2004+A1:2008
EN 13674-1:2003+A1:2007 (E) 7 In order that quality management systems are consistent across all manufacturers and that users have the best assurance for the consistency of required product quality on this safety critical component of the track, this rail standard recommends that the manufacturers' quality assurance systems are at least equivalent to the requirements of EN ISO 9001. The inclusion of this requirement also reduces the need to incorporate detailed method and calibration descriptions on items such as normal chemical composition determination and the need to define more extensive testing. Ideally, manufacturing techniques should not be referenced in a product standard. However, some rail attributes are either not known in an exact manner or are not measurable with satisfactory statistical significance. In such cases best practice manufacturing techniques have been included as a last resort.
The equipment specified is that which gives the best probability of achieving the required product for use in track.
In the future new technology can add to, but preferably will reduce or delete such items. Examples of areas where the technological state of the art renders the standard less than complete include: oxide/oxygen relationships; hydrogen test techniques; roller straightening effects on residual stresses; roller straightening effects on contact scrub; measurement and effect of residual stresses throughout the rail. SIST EN 13674-1:2004+A1:2008
EN 13674-1:2003+A1:2007 (E) 8 1 Scope This European Standard specifies Vignole railway rails of 46 kg/m and greater linear mass, for general and high speed railway track usage. Seven pearlitic steel grades are specified covering a hardness range of 200 to 390 HBW and include non heat treated carbon manganese steels; non heat treated alloy steels; and heat treated carbon manganese and low alloy steels. There are 21 rail profiles specified in this Standard. Two classes of rail straightness are specified, differing in requirements for straightness, surface flatness and crown profile. Two classes of profile tolerances are specified. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 10002-1, Metallic materials - Tensile testing - Part 1: Method of test at ambient temperature EN 10163-1, Delivery requirements for surface condition of hot rolled steel plates, wide flats and sections - Part 1: General requirements EN 10276-1, Chemical analysis of ferrous materials - Determination of oxygen in steel and iron – Part 1: Sampling and preparation of steel samples for oxygen determination EN ISO 6506-1,!Metallic materials - Brinell hardness test - Part 1: Test method (ISO 6506-1:2005)" !ISO 1099, Metallic materials - Fatigue testing - Axial force-controlled method" ISO 4968:1979, Steel - Macrographic examination by sulfur print (Baumann method) BS 6835-1:1988, Method for determination of the rate of fatigue crack growth in metallic materials - Fatigue crack growth rates of above 10-8 m per cycle DIN 50602:1985, Microscopic examination of special steels using standard diagrams to assess the content of non-metallic inclusions ASTM E399:1991, Standard test method for plane strain fracture toughness of metallic materials 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 heat one liquid steel melt tapped out of a converter or electric arc furnace which includes after continuous casting a given number of blooms relating to the weight of the heat and the extension of the mixing zone. In the case of sequence casting the blooms belonging to the mixing zone should be clearly defined. 3.2 sequence any number of heats, of the same steel grade, which undergo continuous casting in tundishes. Tundishes can be used in parallel if the caster has many strands. SIST EN 13674-1:2004+A1:2008
EN 13674-1:2003+A1:2007 (E) 9 3.3 heat treated rail rail that has undergone accelerated cooling from austenitizing temperature during the metallurgical transformation period 3.4 re-heated rail all rolled rail that has undergone re-austenitization for heat treatment purposes 3.5 mill heat treated rail heat treated rail that has not undergone re-austenitization after rolling 3.6 rolling process process between the blooms leaving the heating furnace and exiting the finishing pass 3.7 isothermal treatment process
process whereby blooms are held for a period of time at an elevated temperature for diminishing the hydrogen content NOTE 1 For maximum efficiency this is as near to (but below) the pearlite to austenite transformation temperature as is practically possible. NOTE 2 This process is sometimes referred to as sub critical diffusion annealing. 3.8 qualifying tests special tests and criteria which are relevant to some aspects of the service performance of rails. Acceptance tests also form part of the qualifying tests. 3.9 acceptance tests tests carried out as part of the process and product control system, normally on a heat, sequence or tonnage basis 4 Information to be supplied by the purchaser The purchaser shall provide the supplier with the following information at the time of tender or order: a) the rail profile (see annex A); b) the steel grade (see clause 5); c) the profiles class, ‘X’ or ‘Y’ (see 9.2.1); d) the straightness class ‘A’ or ‘B’ of rail as specified in 9.2.2; e) the lengths of rail (see 9.2.3 and Table 10); f) undrilled or drilled rail ends to take fish bolts, and location and dimensions of holes when required (see 9.2.3); g) any special treatments to be applied to bolt holes; h) tolerances for bolt holes to which special processes are to be applied; i) paint code requirements (see 7.4.4). SIST EN 13674-1:2004+A1:2008
EN 13674-1:2003+A1:2007 (E) 10 5 Steel grades The seven steel grades are given in Table 1. The five hardness ranges of the steel grades shall conform to those given in Table 1. The steel grade designations referred to in this standard are compared to those in EN 10027-1 and EN 10027-2 in informative annex F. Table 1 — Steel grades Grade a Hardness range (HBW) Description Branding lines
Carbon – manganese No branding lines R200 200 to 240 (C-Mn)
Non heat treated
Carbon – manganese _______
R220 220 to 260 (C-Mn)
Non heat treated
Carbon – manganese ____
R260 260 to 300 (C-Mn) _______
Non heat treated
Carbon – manganese _______
R260Mn 260 to 300 (C-Mn) _______
Non heat treated
Alloy (1 %Cr) _______
_______
R320Cr 320 to 360 Non heat treated _______
Carbon – manganese ______
R350HT 350 to 390 b (C-Mn) _______ ________
Heat treated
R350LHT 350 to 390 b Low alloy, heat treated ______
_______ _______
______
a See Table 5 for chemical composition/mechanical properties. b See Table 7 for hardness requirements. 6 Profile drawings/properties/mass Rail profiles, dimensions, properties and linear masses are given in annex A. The tolerances of certain dimensions shall be as given in Table 8. All other quantities are informative only. NOTE Linear masses have been calculated based on the density of steel of 7850 kg/m3. 7 Manufacture 7.1 Product integrity 7.1.1 Factory production control All Vignole rails shall be produced under a comprehensive system of factory production control which shall ensure confidence in the conformity of the finished product. The system shall address this European Standard to ensure that the finished products consistently comply with requirements to achieve the product integrity necessary to provide assurance of product safety in track. Manufacturers shall demonstrate continuing compliance, including documented evidence, with the factory production control system required. SIST EN 13674-1:2004+A1:2008
EN 13674-1:2003+A1:2007 (E) 11 Manufacturers having a factory production control system which complies with EN ISO 9001 are recognised as satisfying the minimum requirements specified by this clause. 7.1.2 Best practice manufacture The product shall be manufactured to the best practices as specified in 7.1. NOTE This is to ensure that the rail attributes, described in the introduction, which are not known in an exact manner or are not practically measurable, achieve the required high level of product integrity in track. 7.2 Blooms Blooms made from basic oxygen steel or electric arc furnace steel that has been secondary ladle arc refined, vacuum degassed and continuously cast, shall be used for the manufacture of rails. 7.3 Rails 7.3.1 The manufacturer shall operate a procedure for the effective removal of scale during the rolling and straightening processes. 7.3.2 The cross-sectional area of the rail shall not exceed one ninth that of the bloom from which the rail is rolled. 7.3.3 Rail straightening shall be by a two stage roller straightening process which straightens the rail about its XX and YY axes as defined in the rail profiles shown in annex A. End deviations or a localised deviation on the rail may be corrected using pressing. NOTE Other mandatory processes are described in the relevant clauses within the standard. 7.4 Identification 7.4.1 Branding Brand marks shall be rolled in relief on one side and in the middle of the web (see annex A) of each rail at least once every 4 m. The brand marks on the rails shall be clearly legible and shall be 20 mm to 25 mm high, raised between 0,6 mm and 1,3 mm. The
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