SIST EN 13674-1:2011
(Main)Railway applications - Track - Rail - Part 1: Vignole railway rails 46 kg/m and above
Railway applications - Track - Rail - Part 1: Vignole railway rails 46 kg/m and above
This European Standard specifies Vignole railway rails of 46 kg/m and greater linear mass, for general and high speed railway track usage.
Seven pearlitic steel grades are specified covering a hardness range of 200 HBW to 390 HBW and include non heat treated carbon manganese steels, non heat treated alloy steels, and heat treated carbon manganese steels.
There are 21 rail profiles specified in this Standard.
Two classes of rail straightness are specified, differing in requirements for straightness, surface flatness and crown profile. Two classes of profile tolerances are specified.
Bahnanwendungen - Oberbau - Schienen - Teil 1: Vignolschienen ab 46 kg/m
Diese Europäische Norm enthält Festlegungen für Vignolschienen mit einer längenbezogenen Masse ab 46 kg/m für normale und Hochgeschwindigkeitsstrecken im Eisenbahnwesen.
Sieben perlitische Stahlsorten in einem Härtebereich zwischen 200 HBW und 390 HBW sind festgelegt. Die Schienen sind entweder nicht wärmebehandelt und bestehen aus Kohlenstoff-Mangan-Stahl bzw. legiertem Stahl oder sind wärmebehandelt und bestehen aus Kohlenstoff-Mangan-Stahl.
In dieser Norm sind 21 Schienenprofile festgelegt.
Zwei Schienenklassen sind festgelegt, die sich hinsichtlich der Anforderungen an die Geradheit, die Fahrflächenebenheit und das Kopfprofil unterscheiden. Für die Profiltoleranzen sind zwei Klassen festgelegt.
Applications ferroviaires - Voie - Rails - Partie 1: Rails Vignole de masse supérieure ou égale à 46 kg/m
La présente partie de la Norme européenne spécifie les rails ferroviaires Vignoles symétriques de masse linéaire supérieure ou égale à 46 kg/m, destinés à l’usage des voies classiques et à grande vitesse.
Sept nuances d'acier perlitique sont spécifiées représentant une fourchette de dureté comprise entre 200 HBW et 390 HBW et incluant :
les aciers non traités thermiquement au carbone manganèse ;
les aciers alliés non traités thermiquement ;
les aciers traités thermiquement au carbone manganèse ;
21 profils de rail sont spécifiés dans la présente norme.
Deux classes de rectitudes des rails sont spécifiées, différenciées par les exigences de rectitude, la planéité de la surface et le bombé du champignon. Deux classes de tolérances de profils sont également spécifiées.
Železniške naprave - Zgornji ustroj - Tirnica - 1. del: Vignolove tirnice z maso 46 kg/m in več
Ta evropski standard določa Vignolove tirnice z linearno maso 46 kg/m in več za uporabo na železniškem zgornjem ustroju za običajne in visoke hitrosti. Določenih je devet vrst perlitnega jekla, ki zajemajo trdote v razponu med 200 HBW in 440 HBW ter vključujejo toplotno neobdelana nelegirana jekla, toplotno neobdelana legirana jekla, toplotno obdelana nelegirana jekla in toplotno obdelana legirana jekla. Ta standard določa 23 profilov tirnic. Določena sta dva razreda ravnosti tirnic, ki se razlikujeta glede na ravnost, ploščatost površine in profil krone. Določena sta dva razreda toleranc profilov.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Bahnanwendungen - Oberbau - Schienen - Teil 1: Vignolschienen ab 46 kg/mApplications ferroviaires - Voie - Rails - Partie 1: Rails Vignole de masse supérieure ou égale à 46 kg/mRailway applications - Track - Rail - Part 1: Vignole railway rails 46 kg/m and above45.080Rails and railway componentsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 13674-1:2011SIST EN 13674-1:2011en,fr,de01-oktober-2011SIST EN 13674-1:2011SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 13674-1:2004+A1:20081DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 13674-1:2011
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 13674-1
February 2011 ICS 93.100 Supersedes EN 13674-1:2003+A1:2007English Version
Railway applications - Track - Rail - Part 1: Vignole railway rails 46 kg/m and above
Applications ferroviaires - Voie - Rails - Partie 1: Rails Vignole de masse supérieure ou égale à 46kg/m
Bahnanwendungen
-
Oberbau
-
Schienen - Teil 1: Vignolschienen ab 46 kg/m This European Standard was approved by CEN on 10 December 2010.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13674-1:2011: ESIST EN 13674-1:2011
EN 13674-1:2011 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword .4Introduction .61 Scope .72 Normative references .73 Terms and definitions .74 Information to be supplied by the purchaser .85 Steel grades .96 Profile drawings/properties/mass .97 Manufacture . 107.1 Product integrity . 107.2 Blooms . 107.3 Rails . 107.4 Identification . 107.4.1 Branding . 107.4.2 Hot stamping . 117.4.3 Cold stamping . 117.4.4 Other identification . 118 Qualifying tests . 128.1 Procedure . 128.2 Fracture toughness (KIc) . 128.2.1 Test pieces and test methods . 128.2.2 Qualifying criteria . 128.3 Fatigue crack growth rate . 138.3.1 Test method . 138.3.2 Test pieces . 138.3.3 Number of tests and test conditions . 138.3.4 Qualifying criteria . 138.4 Fatigue test . 138.4.1 Test method . 138.4.2 Test pieces . 148.4.3 Number of tests and test conditions . 148.4.4 Qualifying criteria . 148.5 Residual stress in rail foot . 148.5.1 Test method . 148.5.2 Test pieces . 148.5.3 Measurements . 148.5.4 Qualifying criteria . 148.6 Variation of centre line running surface hardness of heat treated rails . 148.7 Tensile strength and elongation . 158.8 Segregation . 158.9 Other qualifying requirements . 169 Acceptance tests . 169.1 Laboratory tests . 169.1.1 General . 169.1.2 Sampling and preparation of samples and test pieces . 169.1.3 Chemical composition . 169.1.4 Microstructure . 209.1.5 Decarburisation . 219.1.6 Oxide cleanness. 21SIST EN 13674-1:2011
EN 13674-1:2011 (E) 3 9.1.7 Sulfur prints . 219.1.8 Hardness . 219.1.9 Tensile tests . 229.1.10 Retest procedures . 229.2 Dimension tolerances . 239.2.1 Profile . 239.2.2 Straightness, surface flatness and twist . 239.2.3 Cutting and drilling . 279.3 Gauges . 279.4 Inspection for internal quality and surface quality . 279.4.1 Internal quality . 279.4.2 Surface quality . 299.4.3 Checking of automated testing equipment . 30Annex A (normative)
Rail profiles . 41Annex B (normative)
Standard test method for the determination of the plane strain fracture toughness (KIc) of rails . 67B.1 Test methods . 67B.2 Test pieces . 67B.3 Number of tests . 67B.4 Test conditions) . 67B.5 Analysis of test data . 68B.6 Reporting of results . 68Annex C (normative)
Method for the determination of rail foot surface longitudinal residual stresses . 73C.1 Procedure . 73C.2 Strain gauges and their location . 73Annex D (normative)
Limiting sulfur prints . 76Annex E (normative)
Profile and drilling gauges . 90Annex F (informative)
Significant technical changes between this European standard and the previous edition . 103Annex ZA (informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2008/57/EC . 105Bibliography . 108 SIST EN 13674-1:2011
EN 13674-1:2011 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 13674-1:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256 “Railway applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2011. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 13674-1:2003+A1:2007. Annex F provides details of significant technical changes between this European Standard and the previous edition. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN/CENELEC/ETSI by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 2008/57/EC. For relationship with EU Directive 2008/57/EC, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. This part of EN 13674 is the first of the series EN 13674, Railway applications – Track – Rail, which consists of the following parts: Part 1: Vignole railway rails 46 kg/m and above; Part 2: Switch and crossing rails used in conjunction with Vignole railway rails 46 kg/m and above; Part 3: Check rails; Part 4: Vignole railway rails from 27 kg/m to, but excluding 46 kg/m. Other standards for rails and corresponding welding processes, already published or under preparation, are: EN 14587-1, Railway applications – Track – Flash butt welding of rails – Part 1: New R220, R260, R260Mn and R350HT grade rails in a fixed plant; EN 14587-2, Railway applications – Track – Flash butt welding of rails – Part 2: New R220, R260, R260Mn and R350HT grade rails by mobile welding machines at sites other than at a fixed plant; prEN 14587-3, Railway applications – Track – Flash butt welding of rails – Part 3: Welding in association with crossing construction; EN 14730-1, Railway applications – Track – Aluminothermic welding of rails – Part 1: Approval of welding processes; EN 14730-2, Railway applications – Track – Aluminothermic welding of rails – Part 2: Qualification of aluminothermic welders, approval of contractors and acceptance of welds; EN 14811, Railway applications – Track – Special purpose rail – Grooved and associated construction; EN 15594, Railway applications – Track – Restoration of rails by electric arc welding; prEN xxxxx, Railway applications – Track – Forged rail transitions. SIST EN 13674-1:2011
EN 13674-1:2011 (E) 5 According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 13674-1:2011
EN 13674-1:2011 (E) 6 Introduction This Introduction provides an explanation of the concepts, and reasoning considered for this standard. Whenever possible this part of EN 13674 is performance based, recognises the European Quality System standard EN ISO 9001 and requires manufacturers to offer the latest proven technology to consistently satisfy the demanding quality of the required product. This part of EN 13674 has two major divisions: 1) qualifying tests; 2) acceptance tests. The qualifying tests take into account performance requirements. They also include typical results from relevant acceptance tests. The acceptance tests control those characteristics of the rail steel and rail that are of relevance to the production of high quality rails including heat treated rails and the demands of the railway. To ensure the supply of high quality rails, some restrictions on production processes are considered. The performance based standard applies to all procurements falling inside the requirements of the European Procurement Directive (93/38/EEC of 14th June 1993), taking into account safety implications and at the same time addressing modern production technology and the requirements of high-speed railways. As a result of the Directive it was recognised that there would be few opportunities (and these would have to be for transparent safety considerations) for derogation from the standard to operate between the user and the manufacturer.
The standard includes a prerequisite for all manufacturers to prove conformity against a set of qualifying test criteria at the time of tendering. The Qualifying tests include all "normal" acceptance test results plus new "type-casting" features such as fracture toughness, fatigue and residual stress. To provide users with the necessary confidence, acceptance limits have been based on results from rail known to have performed well in demanding track installations. The standard includes a quality assurance and inspection clause as part of product integrity. In order that quality management systems are consistent across all manufacturers and that users have the best assurance for the consistency of required product quality on this safety critical component of the track, this rail standard recommends that the manufacturers' quality assurance systems are at least equivalent to the requirements of EN ISO 9001. The inclusion of this requirement also reduces the need to incorporate detailed method and calibration descriptions on items such as normal chemical composition determination and the need to define more extensive testing. SIST EN 13674-1:2011
EN 13674-1:2011 (E) 7 1 Scope This European Standard specifies Vignole railway rails of 46 kg/m and greater linear mass, for conventional and high speed railway track usage. Nine pearlitic steel grades are specified covering a hardness range of 200 HBW to 440 HBW and include non heat treated non alloy steels, non heat treated alloy steels, and heat treated non alloy steels and heat treated alloy steels . There are 23 rail profiles specified in this standard.
Two classes of rail straightness are specified, differing in requirements for straightness, surface flatness and crown profile. Two classes of profile tolerances are specified. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 10163-1, Delivery requirements for surface condition of hot-rolled steel plates, wide flats and sections — Part 1: General requirements EN 10247, Micrographic examination of the non-metallic inclusion content of steels using standard pictures CEN/TR 10261, Iron and steel — Review of available methods of chemical analysis EN 10276-1, Chemical analysis of ferrous materials — Determination of oxygen in steel and iron — Part 1: Sampling and preparation of steel samples for oxygen determination EN ISO 6506-1, Metallic materials — Brinell hardness test — Part 1: Test method (ISO 6506-1:2005) EN ISO 6892-1, Metallic materials — Tensile testing — Part 1: Method of test at room temperature
(ISO 6892-1:2009) EN ISO 14284, Steel and iron — Sampling and preparation of samples for the determination of chemical composition (ISO 14284:1996) ISO 1099, Metallic materials — Fatigue testing — Axial force-controlled method ISO 4968, Steel — Macrographic examination by sulfur print (Baumann method) ISO 12108, Metallic materials — Fatigue testing — Fatigue crack growth method ASTM E399, Standard test method for linear-elastic plane-strain fracture toughness KIc of metallic materials 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 heat liquid steel melt tapped out of a converter or electric arc furnace which includes after continuous casting a given number of blooms relating to the weight of the heat and the extension of the mixing zone. In the case of sequence casting the blooms belonging to the mixing zone should be clearly defined SIST EN 13674-1:2011
EN 13674-1:2011 (E) 8 3.2 sequence any number of heats, of the same steel grade, which undergo continuous casting in tundishes. Tundishes may be used in parallel if the caster has many strands 3.3 heat treated rail rail that has undergone accelerated cooling from austenitizing temperature during the metallurgical transformation period 3.4 re-heated rail rolled rail that has undergone re-austenitization for heat treatment purposes 3.5 mill heat treated rail heat treated rail that has not undergone re-austenitization after rolling 3.6 rolling process process between the blooms leaving the heating furnace and exiting the finishing pass 3.7 isothermal treatment process
process whereby blooms are held for a period of time at an elevated temperature for diminishing the hydrogen content NOTE 1 For maximum efficiency this is as near to (but below) the pearlite to austenite transformation temperature as is practically possible. NOTE 2 This process is sometimes referred to as sub critical diffusion annealing. 3.8 qualifying test special test and criteria which are relevant to some aspects of the service performance of rails. Acceptance tests also form part of the qualifying tests 3.9 acceptance test test carried out as part of the process and product control system, normally on a heat, sequence or tonnage basis 3.10 rail running surface curved surface of the rail head. Area between both gauge corners (transition points of the head inclination and the first head radius) 4 Information to be supplied by the purchaser The purchaser shall provide the supplier with the following information at the time of tender or order: a) rail profile (see Annex A); b) steel grade (see Clause 5); c) profiles class, ‘X’ or ‘Y’ (see 9.2.1); d) straightness class ‘A’ or ‘B’ of rail as specified in 9.2.2; e) length(s) of rail (see Table 9); SIST EN 13674-1:2011
EN 13674-1:2011 (E) 9 f) undrilled or drilled rail ends to take fish bolts, and location and dimensions of holes when required (see 9.2.3); g) any special treatment to be applied to bolt holes and corresponding special tolerances for bolt holes (see 9.2.3); h) cold stamping on the cut face (see 7.4.3); i) paint code requirements (see 7.4.4). 5 Steel grades The applicable steel grades are given in Table 1. The hardness ranges of the steel grades shall conform to those given in Table 1. For the steel grades in Table 1, the steel names and steel numbers were allocated in accordance with EN 10027-1 and EN 10027-2, respectively. Table 1 — Steel grades Steel grade a Hardness range (HBW) Description Branding lines Steel name Steel number
Non-alloy (C-Mn) No branding lines R200 1.0521 200 to 240 Non heat treated
Non-alloy (C-Mn)
R220 1.0524 220 to 260 Non heat treated ————
Non-alloy (C-Mn) ——
R260 1.0623 260 to 300 Non heat treated ————
Non-alloy (C-Mn) ————
R260Mn 1.0624 260 to 300 Non heat treated ————
Alloy (1 %Cr) ————
R320Cr 1.0915 320 to 360 Non heat treated ————
————
Non-alloy (C-Mn) ——
R350HT 1.0631 350 to 390 b Heat treated ———— ————
Non-alloy (C-Mn) ——
R350LHT 1.0632 350 to 390 b Heat treated ———— ————
——
Alloy (C-Mn) ——
R370CrHT 1.0992 370 to 410 Heat treated ———— ————
————
Non-alloy (C-Mn) ————
R400HT 1.1254 400 to 440 Heat treated ———— ————
a See Table 5 a) and Table 5 b) for chemical composition/mechanical properties. b See Table 6 for hardness requirements.
6 Profile drawings/properties/mass Rail profiles, dimensions, properties and linear masses shall be in accordance with Annex A. The tolerances of certain dimensions shall be as given in Table 7. All other quantities are informative only. NOTE Linear masses have been calculated based on the density of steel of 7,85 kg/dm3. SIST EN 13674-1:2011
EN 13674-1:2011 (E) 10 7 Manufacture 7.1 Product integrity Rails shall be produced under a comprehensive system of factory production control which shall ensure confidence in the conformity of the finished product. The system shall address this European Standard to ensure that the finished products consistently comply with requirements to achieve the product integrity necessary to provide assurance of product safety in track. Manufacturers shall demonstrate continuing compliance, including documented evidence, with the factory production control system required. NOTE Manufacturers having a factory production control system which complies with EN ISO 9001 are recognised as satisfying the minimum requirements specified by this clause. 7.2 Blooms Blooms made from basic oxygen steel or electric arc furnace steel that has been secondary ladle arc refined, vacuum degassed and continuously cast, shall be used for the manufacture of rails. 7.3 Rails 7.3.1 The manufacturer shall operate a procedure for the effective removal of scale during the rolling and straightening processes. 7.3.2 The cross-sectional area of the rail shall not exceed one ninth that of the bloom from which the rail is rolled. 7.3.3 Rail straightening shall be by a two stage roller straightening process which straightens the rail about its XX and YY axes as defined in the rail profiles shown in Annex A. End deviations or a localised deviation on the rail may be corrected using pressing. NOTE Other mandatory processes are described in the relevant clauses within the standard. 7.4 Identification 7.4.1 Branding Brand marks shall be rolled in relief on one side and in the middle of the web (see Annex A) of each rail at least once every 4 m. The brand marks on the rails shall be clearly legible and shall be 20 mm to 25 mm high, raised between 0,6 mm and 1,3 mm. The branding line(s) to denote grade shall be 50 mm in length for the long branding line and 25 mm in length for the short branding line. The brand marks shall include: a) identification of the mill; b) steel grade as shown in Table 1; c) last two figures of the year of manufacture; d) rail profile identification as shown in Annex A. EXAMPLES
___
ROLLING MILL _______ 07 60 E1
SIST EN 13674-1:2011
EN 13674-1:2011 (E) 11 (60 E1 profile rail rolled 2007, non-alloy rail steel grade R260).
___
ROLLING MILL _______ _______ 07 60 E1
(60 E1 profile rail rolled 2007, non-alloy heat treated rail steel grade R350HT). NOTE The sequence of the branding marks is at the discretion of the manufacturer. 7.4.2 Hot stamping In addition to the branding requirements of 7.4.1 each rail shall be identified by a numerical and/or alphabetical code system, hot stamped on the non-branded side of the rail web by machine and each rail shall be hot stamped at least once every 10 m. NOTE Subsequent cutting could result in more than one rail length having the same identity. The figures and letters used shall be clearly legible and shall be 16 mm high. The stamped characters shall have a flat or radius face (1 mm to 1,5 mm wide) with bevels on each side. The letters and numbers shall be on a 10° angle from vertical and shall have rounded corners. The stamping shall be between 0,5 mm and 1,5 mm in depth along the centre of the web. The design shall be
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 13674-1:2009
01-september-2009
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Railway applications - Track - Rail - Part 1: Vignole railway rails 46 kg/m and above
Bahnanwendungen - Oberbau - Schienen - Teil 1: Vignolschienen ab 46 kg/m
Applications ferroviaires - Voie - Rails - Partie 1: Rails Vignole de masse supérieure ou
égale à 46 kg/m
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 13674-1
ICS:
45.080 7UDþQLFHLQåHOH]QLãNLGHOL Rails and railway
components
oSIST prEN 13674-1:2009 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN 13674-1:2009
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oSIST prEN 13674-1:2009
EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN 13674-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
June 2009
ICS 93.100 Will supersede EN 13674-1:2003+A1:2007
English Version
Railway applications - Track - Rail - Part 1: Vignole railway rails
46 kg/m and above
Applications ferroviaires - Voie - Rails - Partie 1: Rails Bahnanwendungen - Oberbau - Schienen - Teil 1:
Vignole de masse supérieure ou égale à 46 kg/m Vignolschienen ab 46 kg/m
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 256.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 13674-1:2009: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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oSIST prEN 13674-1:2009
prEN 13674-1:2009 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword .4
Introduction .5
Foreword .4
1 Scope .6
2 Normative references .6
3 Terms and definitions .6
4 Information to be supplied by the purchaser .7
5 Steel grades .8
6 Profile drawings/properties/mass .8
7 Manufacture .9
7.1 Product integrity .9
7.2 Blooms .9
7.3 Rails .9
7.4 Identification .9
7.4.1 Branding .9
7.4.2 Hot stamping . 10
7.4.3 Cold stamping . 10
7.4.4 Other identification . 10
8 Qualifying tests . 11
8.1 Procedure . 11
8.2 Fracture toughness (K ) . 11
Ic
8.2.1 Test pieces and test methods . 11
8.2.2 Qualifying criteria . 11
8.3 Fatigue crack growth rate . 12
8.3.1 Test method . 12
8.3.2 Test pieces . 12
8.3.3 Number of tests and test conditions . 12
8.3.4 Qualifying criteria . 12
8.4 Fatigue test . 12
8.4.1 Test method . 12
8.4.2 Test pieces . 13
8.4.3 Number of tests and test conditions . 13
8.4.4 Qualifying criteria . 13
8.5 Residual stress in rail foot . 13
8.5.1 Test method . 13
8.5.2 Test pieces . 13
8.5.3 Measurements . 13
8.5.4 Qualifying criteria . 13
8.6 Variation of centre line running surface hardness of heat treated rails . 13
8.7 Tensile strength and elongation . 14
8.8 Segregation . 14
8.9 Other qualifying requirements . 15
9 Acceptance tests . 15
9.1 Laboratory tests . 15
9.1.1 General . 15
9.1.2 Sampling and preparation of samples and test pieces . 15
9.1.3 Chemical composition . 15
9.1.4 Microstructure . 19
9.1.5 Decarburisation . 20
2
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prEN 13674-1:2009 (E)
9.1.6 Oxide cleanness . 20
9.1.7 Sulfur prints . 20
9.1.8 Hardness . 20
9.1.9 Tensile tests . 21
9.1.10 Retest procedures . 21
9.2 Dimension tolerances . 22
9.2.1 Profile . 22
9.2.2 Straightness, surface flatness and twist . 22
9.2.3 Cutting and drilling . 26
9.3 Gauges . 26
9.4 Inspection for internal quality and surface quality . 26
9.4.1 Internal quality . 26
9.4.2 Surface quality . 28
9.4.3 Checking of automated and other testing equipment . 29
Annex A (normative) Rail profiles . 40
Annex B (normative) Standard test method for the determination of the plane strain fracture
toughness (K ) of rails . 66
Ic
B.1 Test methods . 66
B.2 Test pieces . 66
B.3 Number of tests . 66
)
B.4 Test conditions . 66
B.5 Analysis of test data . 67
B.6 Reporting of results . 67
Annex C (normative) Method for the determination of rail foot surface longitudinal residual stresses . 72
C.1 Procedure . 72
C.2 Strain gauges and their location . 72
Annex D (normative) Limiting sulfur prints . 75
Annex E (normative) Profile and drilling gauges . 89
Annex ZA (informative) Clauses of this European Standard addressing essential requirements or other
provisions of EU Directives . 101
6.2.5.2 Assessment of equivalent conicity . 101
Bibliography . 102
3
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oSIST prEN 13674-1:2009
prEN 13674-1:2009 (E)
Foreword
This document (prEN 13674-1:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256 “Railway
applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 13674-1:2003+A1:2007.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European
Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EC Directive(s).
For relationship with EC Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.
This part of EN 13674 is the first of the series EN 13674 "Railway applications – Track – Rail" which consists of the
following parts:
Part 1: Vignole railway rails 46 kg/m and above
Part 2: Switch and crossing rails used in conjunction with Vignole railway rails 46 kg/m and above
Part 3: Check rails
Part 4: Vignole railway rails from 27 kg/m to, but excluding 46 kg/m
Other standards for rails and corresponding welding processes, already published or under preparation, are:
EN 14587-1, Railway applications – Track – Flash butt welding of rails – Part 1: New R220, R260, R260Mn
and R350HT grade rails in a fixed plant;
prEN 14587-2, Railway applications – Track – Flash butt welding of rails – Part 2: New R220, R260, R260Mn
and R350HT grade rails by mobile welding machines at sites other than at a fixed plant;
prEN 14587-3, Railway applications – Track – Flash butt welding of rails – Part 3: Welding in association with
crossing construction;
EN 14730-1, Railway applications – Track – Aluminothermic welding of rails – Part 1: Approval of welding
processes;
EN 14730-2, Railway applications – Track – Aluminothermic welding of rails – Part 2: Qualification of
aluminothermic welders, approval of contractors and acceptance of welds;
EN 14811, Railway applications – Track – Special purpose rail – Grooved and associated construction;
prEN 15594, Railway applications – Track – Restoration of rails by electric arc welding.
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Introduction
This Introduction provides an explanation of the concepts, and reasoning considered for this standard.
Whenever possible this part of EN 13674 is performance based, recognises the European Quality System standard
EN ISO 9001 and requires manufacturers to offer the latest proven technology to consistently satisfy the
demanding quality of the required product.
This part of EN 13674 has two major divisions:
1) qualifying tests;
2) acceptance tests.
The qualifying tests take into account performance requirements. They also include typical results from relevant
acceptance tests.
The acceptance tests control those characteristics of the rail steel and rail that are of relevance to the production of
high quality rails including heat treated rails and the demands of the railway.
To ensure the supply of high quality rails, some restrictions on production processes are considered.
The performance based standard applies to all procurements falling inside the requirements of the European
th
Procurement Directive (93/38/EEC of 14 June 1993), taking into account safety implications and at the same time
addressing modern production technology and the requirements of high-speed railways. As a result of the Directive
it was recognised that there would be few opportunities (and these would have to be for transparent safety
considerations) for derogation from the standard to operate between the user and the manufacturer.
The standard includes a prerequisite for all manufacturers to prove conformity against a set of qualifying test
criteria at the time of tendering. The Qualifying tests include all “normal” acceptance test results plus new
"type-casting" features such as fracture toughness, fatigue and residual stress. To provide users with the
necessary confidence, acceptance limits have been based on results from rail known to have performed well in
demanding track installations.
The standard includes a quality assurance and inspection clause as part of product integrity.
In order that quality management systems are consistent across all manufacturers and that users have the best
assurance for the consistency of required product quality on this safety critical component of the track, this rail
standard recommends that the manufacturers' quality assurance systems are at least equivalent to the
requirements of EN ISO 9001. The inclusion of this requirement also reduces the need to incorporate detailed
method and calibration descriptions on items such as normal chemical composition determination and the need to
define more extensive testing.
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1 Scope
This European Standard specifies Vignole railway rails of 46 kg/m and greater linear mass, for general and high
speed railway track usage.
Seven pearlitic steel grades are specified covering a hardness range of 200 HBW to 390 HBW and include non
heat treated carbon manganese steels, non heat treated alloy steels, and heat treated carbon manganese steels.
There are 21 rail profiles specified in this Standard.
Two classes of rail straightness are specified, differing in requirements for straightness, surface flatness and crown
profile. Two classes of profile tolerances are specified.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references,
only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
EN 10002-1, Metallic materials – Tensile testing – Part 1: Method of test at ambient temperature
EN 10163-1, Delivery requirements for surface condition of hot-rolled steel plates, wide flats and sections – Part 1:
General requirements
EN 10247, Micrographic examination of the non-metallic inclusion content of steels using standard pictures
EN 10276-1, Chemical analysis of ferrous materials – Determination of oxygen in steel and iron – Part 1: Sampling
and preparation of steel samples for oxygen determination
EN ISO 6506-1, Metallic materials – Brinell hardness test – Part 1: Test method
EN ISO 14284, Steel and iron – Sampling and preparation of samples for determination of chemical composition
CEN/TR 10261, Iron and steel – Review of available methods of chemical analysis
ISO 1099, Metallic materials – Fatigue testing – Axial force-controlled method
ISO 4968, Steel – Macrographic examination by sulfur print (Baumann method)
ISO 12108, Metallic materials – Fatigue testing – Fatigue crack growth method
ASTM E399, Standard test method for linear-elastic plane-strain fracture toughness K of metallic materials
Ic
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
heat
liquid steel melt tapped out of a converter or electric arc furnace which includes after continuous casting a given
number of blooms relating to the weight of the heat and the extension of the mixing zone. In the case of sequence
casting the blooms belonging to the mixing zone should be clearly defined
3.2
sequence
any number of heats, of the same steel grade, which undergo continuous casting in tundishes. Tundishes may be
used in parallel if the caster has many strands
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3.3
heat treated rail
rail that has undergone accelerated cooling from austenitizing temperature during the metallurgical transformation
period
3.4
re-heated rail
rolled rail that has undergone re-austenitization for heat treatment purposes
3.5
mill heat treated rail
heat treated rail that has not undergone re-austenitization after rolling
3.6
rolling process
process between the blooms leaving the heating furnace and exiting the finishing pass
3.7
isothermal treatment process
process whereby blooms are held for a period of time at an elevated temperature for diminishing the hydrogen
content
NOTE 1 For maximum efficiency this is as near to (but below) the pearlite to austenite transformation temperature as is
practically possible.
NOTE 2 This process is sometimes referred to as sub critical diffusion annealing.
3.8
qualifying test
special test and criteria which are relevant to some aspects of the service performance of rails. Acceptance tests
also form part of the qualifying tests
3.9
acceptance test
test carried out as part of the process and product control system, normally on a heat, sequence or tonnage basis
3.10
running surface
curved surface of the rail head. Area between both gauge corners (transition points of the head inclination and the
first head radius)
4 Information to be supplied by the purchaser
The purchaser shall provide the supplier with the following information at the time of tender or order:
a) rail profile (see Annex A);
b) steel grade (see Clause 5);
c) profiles class, ‘X’ or ‘Y’ (see 9.2.1);
d) straightness class ‘A’ or ‘B’ of rail as specified in 9.2.2;
e) length(s) of rail (see Table 9);
f) undrilled or drilled rail ends to take fish bolts, and location and dimensions of holes when required (see 9.2.3);
g) any special treatment to be applied to bolt holes and corresponding special tolerances for bolt holes (see
9.2.3);
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h) cold stamping on the cut face (see 7.4.3).
i) paint code requirements (see 7.4.4)
5 Steel grades
The applicable steel grades are given in Table 1. The hardness ranges of the steel grades shall conform to those
given in Table 1.
For the steel grades in Table 1, the steel names and steel numbers were allocated in accordance with EN 10027-1
and EN 10027-2, respectively.
Table 1 — Steel grades
a
Steel grade Hardness range Description Branding lines
(HBW)
Steel
Steel name
number
Non-alloy (C-Mn) No branding lines
R200 1.0521 200 to 240 Non heat treated
Non-alloy (C-Mn)
R220 1.0524 220 to 260 Non heat treated ————
Non-alloy (C-Mn) ——
R260 1.0623 260 to 300 Non heat treated ————
Non-alloy (C-Mn) ————
R260Mn 1.0624 260 to 300 Non heat treated ————
Alloy (1 %Cr) ————
R320Cr 1.0915 320 to 360 Non heat treated
————
————
Non-alloy (C-Mn) ——
b
R350HT 1.0631 350 to 390 Heat treated ———— ————
Non-alloy (C-Mn) ——
b
R350LHT 1.0632 350 to 390 Heat treated ———— ————
——
alloy (C-Mn) ——
R370CrHT t.b.a. 370 to 410 Heat treated ———— ————
————
Non-alloy (C-Mn) ————
R400HT t.b.a. 400 to 440 Heat treated ———— ————
a
See Table 5 a) and Table 5 b) for chemical composition/mechanical properties.
b
See Table 6 for hardness requirements.
6 Profile drawings/properties/mass
Rail profiles, dimensions, properties and linear masses shall be in accordance with Annex A. The tolerances of
certain dimensions shall be as given in Table 7. All other quantities are informative only.
3
NOTE Linear masses have been calculated based on the density of steel of 7,85 kg/dm .
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7 Manufacture
7.1 Product integrity
Rails shall be produced under a comprehensive system of factory production control which shall ensure confidence
in the conformity of the finished product. The system shall address this European Standard to ensure that the
finished products consistently comply with requirements to achieve the product integrity necessary to provide
assurance of product safety in track.
Manufacturers shall demonstrate continuing compliance, including documented evidence, with the factory
production control system required.
NOTE Manufacturers having a factory production control system which complies with EN ISO 9001 are recognised as
satisfying the minimum requirements specified by this clause.
7.2 Blooms
Blooms made from basic oxygen steel or electric arc furnace steel that has been secondary ladle arc refined,
vacuum degassed and continuously cast, shall be used for the manufacture of rails.
7.3 Rails
7.3.1 The manufacturer shall operate a procedure for the effective removal of scale during the rolling and
straightening processes.
7.3.2 The cross-sectional area of the rail shall not exceed one ninth that of the bloom from which the rail is rolled.
7.3.3 Rail straightening shall be by a two stage roller straightening process which straightens the rail about its XX
and YY axes as defined in the rail profiles shown in Annex A. End deviations or a localised deviation on the rail
may be corrected using pressing.
NOTE Other mandatory processes are described in the relevant clauses within the standard.
7.4 Identification
7.4.1 Branding
Brand marks shall be rolled in relief on one side and in the middle of the web (see Annex A) of each rail at least
once every 4 m. The brand marks on the rails shall be clearly legible and shall be 20 mm to 25 mm high, raised
between 0,6 mm and 1,3 mm.
The branding line(s) to denote grade shall be 50 mm in length for the long branding line and 25 mm in length for the
short branding line.
The brand marks shall include:
a) identification of the mill;
b) steel grade as shown in Table 1;
c) last two figures of the year of manufacture;
d) rail profile identification as shown in Annex A.
EXAMPLES
___
ROLLING MILL _______ 07 60 E1
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(60 E1 profile rail rolled 2007, non-alloy rail steel grade R260).
___
ROLLING MILL _______ _______ 07 60 E1
(60 E1 profile rail rolled 2007, non-alloy heat treated rail steel grade R350HT).
7.4.2 Hot stamping
In addition to the branding requirements of 7.4.1 each rail shall be identified by a numerical and/or alphabetical
code system, hot stamped on the non-branded side of the rail web by machine and each rail shall be hot stamped
at least once every 10 m.
NOTE Subsequent cutting could result in more than one
...
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