SIST EN 9277:2015
(Main)Aerospace series - Programme Management - Guide for the management of Systems Engineering
Aerospace series - Programme Management - Guide for the management of Systems Engineering
Based on the following considerations:
reminder of Systems Engineering and its scope of application,
positioning of SE management in Programme Management and in relation to Systems Engineering
technical activities,
identification of interfaces between SE management and the other disciplines linked to
Programme Management,
the purpose of this standard is:
to help the acquirer and the Organization to establish management requirements for SE activities,
to help the supplier to construct the elements of the management plan (explain how to reply in
particular to the management requirements).
This standard applies to the various levels of the product tree for the products that can be considered
as systems:
in the general case of an supplier which, with the help of one or more suppliers, develops a system
on behalf of an acquirer,
in the case of an integrated team (sharing of SE roles, responsibilities and risks).
NOTE ISO/IEC/IEEE 24765:2010 integrated team should include organisation discipline and functions which
have a stake in the success of the work products.
This standard constitutes a guide illustrating the requirements and possible responses for SE
management. It can be used as a check-list which should be adapted or completed according to the
specific context of each project.
Programm-Management - Leitfaden für das Management von Systemtechnik
Série aérospatiale - Management de Programme - Guide pour le management de l'ingénierie Système
En se basant sur les considérations suivantes :
rappel de l'ingénierie système et de son périmètre d'application,
positionnement du management de l’ingénierie système (IS) dans le management de programme en relation avec les activités techniques de l’ingénierie système,
identification des interfaces entre le management de l’IS et les autres disciplines gérées par le management de programme,
cette norme a pour objet :
d'aider le client et l’organisme à établir les exigences de management relatives aux activités d'ingénierie système,
d'aider le fournisseur à construire les éléments correspondants du plan de management (expliquer comment répondre notamment aux exigences de management).
La présente norme est applicable aux différents niveaux de l’arborescence-produit pour les produits pouvant être considérés comme des systèmes :
dans le cas général d'un fournisseur réalisant, avec l'aide éventuelle d'un ou plusieurs fournisseurs, le développement d'un système pour le compte d'un client,
dans le cas d’une équipe intégrée (partage des rôles, responsabilités et risques au niveau de l'ingénierie système).
NOTE Il convient que l’équipe intégrée selon l’ISO/CEI/IEEE 24765:2010 comprenne la discipline et les fonctions de l'organisme qui ont un intérêt dans le succès des produits d'activités.
Cette recommandation constitue un guide illustrant des exigences et réponses possibles pour le management de l'IS. Elle peut être utilisée comme une check-list à adapter ou enrichir en fonction du contexte spécifique de chaque programme.
Aeronavtika - Vodenje programov - Navodilo za vodenje sistemskega inženiringa
Na podlagi naslednjih točk:
opomnik o sistemskem inženiringu in njegovem področju uporabe;
umeščanje upravljanja sistemskega inženiringa v programsko upravljanje ter v povezavi s tehničnimi dejavnostmi sistemskega inženiringa;
identifikacija vmesnikov med upravljanjem sistemskega inženiringa in drugih disciplin, povezanih s programskim upravljanjem;
cilj tega standarda je:
pomoč odjemalcu in organizaciji pri vzpostavljanju zahtev upravljanja za dejavnosti sistemskega inženiringa;
pomoč ponudniku pri pripravi elementov načrta upravljanja (razlaga tega, kako se odzvati
zlasti na zahteve upravljanja).
Ta standard se uporablja za različne ravni drevesa proizvodov, ki jih je mogoče obravnavati kot sisteme:
v splošnem primeru ponudnika, ki ob pomoči vsaj enega drugega ponudnika razvije sistem v imenu odjemalca;
v primeru integrirane ekipe (skupna raba vlog, odgovornosti in tveganj v zvezi s sistemskim inženiringom).
OPOMBA: ISO/IEC/IEEE 24765:2010; integrirana ekipa naj bi vključevala organizacijsko disciplino in funkcije, ki prispevajo k uspešnosti delovnih proizvodov.
Ta standard je vodnik, ki opisuje zahteve in možne odzive za upravljanje sistemskega inženiringa. Uporabiti ga je mogoče kot kontrolni seznam, ki naj bi bil prilagojen ali izpolnjen v skladu s
specifičnim kontekstom posameznega projekta.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 9277:2015
01-november-2015
Aeronavtika - Vodenje programov - Navodilo za vodenje sistemskega inženiringa
Aerospace series - Programme Management - Guide for the management of Systems
Engineering
Programm-Management - Leitfaden für das Management von Systemtechnik
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 9277:2015
ICS:
03.100.40 Raziskave in razvoj Research and development
49.020 Letala in vesoljska vozila na Aircraft and space vehicles in
splošno general
SIST EN 9277:2015 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 9277:2015
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SIST EN 9277:2015
EN 9277
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
September 2015
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 49.140
English Version
Aerospace series - Programme Management - Guide for the
management of Systems Engineering
Série aérospatiale - Management de Programme - Luft- und Raumfahrt - Programm-Management -
Guide pour le management de l'ingénierie Système Leitfaden für das Management von Systemtechnik
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 11 November 2014.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 9277:2015 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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EN 9277:2015 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 Symbols and abbreviations . 7
5 Positioning of Systems Engineering and SE management within a project . 7
6 Systems Engineering process . 12
7 Principle for defining requirements and elements of the management plan. 19
8 Examples of management requirements and elements of the management plan
concerning Systems Engineering . 22
9 Interfaces between Systems Engineering Management and the other Programme
Management disciplines . 30
10 Specialty engineering activities . 32
Annex A (informative) Areas covered by standards covering Systems Engineering . 34
Annex B (informative) Method for identifying management requirements . 35
B.1 “SE management generic requirements” table . 35
B.2 Method for using the “SE Management generic requirements” table . 36
B.2.1 For drafting SE management requirements . 36
B.2.2 To draft elements concerning the SE management plan . 38
Annex C (informative) Implementation example: “solution definition” activity . 39
C.1 Filled out table . 39
C.2 Requirements and elements of the management plan . 40
C.2.1 Management requirements (see 8.6.1) . 40
C.2.2 Elements of the management plan (see 8.6.2) . 41
Annex D (informative) Description of SE process activities . 43
D.1 Expression of need by the Acquirer . 43
D.2 Acquirer's needs analysis and system requirements definition . 43
D.3 Requirements validation . 43
D.4 Solution definition . 43
D.5 Modelling and simulation . 45
D.6 System analyses . 45
D.7 System verification . 45
D.8 System validation . 46
Annex E (informative) Description of certain objects in the SE process . 47
Annex F (informative) Mapping between systems engineering processes and Human-
centred design for interactive systems processes and principles . 48
F.1 Mapping with ISO/IEC 15288:2008 Technical processes . 48
F.2 Mapping with ISO/IEC 15288:2008 others processes than technical ones . 49
Bibliography . 50
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European foreword
This document (EN 9277:2015) has been prepared by the Aerospace and Defence Industries
Association of Europe - Standardization (ASD-STAN).
After enquiries and votes carried out in accordance with the rules of this Association, this Standard has
received the approval of the National Associations and the Official Services of the member countries of
ASD, prior to its presentation to CEN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2016, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by March 2016.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such
patent rights.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
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Introduction
This document aims to address the current challenges of the programmes that are:
the multi projects approach,
the multi-disciplinary approach,
new methods of acquisition,
the increasing complexity of systems to be acquired,
the evolving aspects of the system and its incremental development,
the complexity of the management of projects in terms of organization,
the evolution of the industrial sectors.
In this document the system considered comprises a target system and elements (products, processes,
etc.) needed for developing, producing and using it, in other words a range of end products and
products supporting the lifecycle of the target system.
The case where the system is only an element of the service provided (no system is acquired, service
only) is not adressed in this document.
Systems Engineering (SE) cover a set of activities which, based on a perceived operational need and
via an organized approach, aims to:
describe this need in technical terms,
gradually transform it into a system solution,
at each stage, demonstrate that this system is compliant with the need.
Systems Engineering:
considers the system as a whole and in all situations of its lifecycle,
provides a framework for combining various technical disciplines (electronics, data processing,
mechanics, ergonomics, etc.) and some enterprise functions (design, production, logistics, tests,
etc.) without necessarily intervening in these disciplines and functions,
aims for the overall optimization of the solution in a field of constraints (costs, schedule,
performance, strategy, etc.) established by the Programme management,
guarantees consistency between all components of the solution (functional and physical
interfaces).
In this document, the organisational dimension is essential to reach the overall objectives. The
complexity of the system and the complexity of the organisation are correlate (the more complex the
system is, the more control of the organisation is necessary).
Its position with respect to other normative documents handling Systems Engineering (ISO/IEC
15288, EIA 632,IEEE 1220, EN 9200) is represented in Annex A. This document falls within the scope
of EN 9200 and ISO/IEC 15288, focusing on aspects linked to the management of the technical
activities of SE with a higher level of detail. It relies partly on the SE process described in ISO/IEC
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15288:2008 and if necessary with addition from EIA 632, adding the project phasing and scheduling
aspect. It overlaps little with IEEE 1220 as such, which concentrates primarily on SE technical
activities.
1 Scope
Based on the following considerations:
reminder of Systems Engineering and its scope of application,
positioning of SE management in Programme Management and in relation to Systems Engineering
technical activities,
identification of interfaces between SE management and the other disciplines linked to
Programme Management,
the purpose of this standard is:
to help the acquirer and the Organization to establish management requirements for SE activities,
to help the supplier to construct the elements of the management plan (explain how to reply in
particular to the management requirements).
This standard applies to the various levels of the product tree for the products that can be considered
as systems:
in the general case of an supplier which, with the help of one or more suppliers, develops a system
on behalf of an acquirer,
in the case of an integrated team (sharing of SE roles, responsibilities and risks).
NOTE ISO/IEC/IEEE 24765:2010 integrated team should include organisation discipline and functions which
have a stake in the success of the work products.
This standard constitutes a guide illustrating the requirements and possible responses for SE
management. It can be used as a check-list which should be adapted or completed according to the
specific context of each project.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 9200, General recommendation for the project management specification
EN 12973, Value management
EN ISO 9000:2005, Quality management systems — Fundamentals and vocabulary (ISO 9000)
ISO 9220, Metallic coatings — Measurement of coating thickness — Scanning electron microscope
method
EN ISO 9241-210:2011, Ergonomics of human-system interaction — Part 210: Human-centred design for
interactive systems (ISO 9241)
ISO/IEC 15288:2008, Systems and software engineering — Systems life cycle processes
ISO/IEC/IEEE 24765:2010, Systems and software engineering — Vocabulary
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1)
EIA 632:2003, Processes for Engineering a System
2)
IEEE 1220:2005, Standard for Application and Management of the Systems Engineering Process
3 Terms and definitions
The following referenced documents are essential for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the written issue applies.
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO/IEC/IEEE 24765:2010 Systems and software engineering vocabulary should be used for the
definition. In addition, the following standards should be used for definition as ordered:
ISO/IEC 15288:2008, Systems and software engineering — Systems life cycle processes
EN ISO 9241-210:2011, Ergonomics of human-system interaction — Part 210: Human-centred
design for interactive systems
EIA 632:2003, Processes for Engineering a System
IEEE 1220:2005, Standard for Application and Management of the Systems Engineering Process
EN ISO 9000:2005, Quality management systems — Fundamentals and vocabulary
3.1
complexity
characteristic of a process linked to the number and diversity of participants, components and
technologies, involved in the design and production of products and the supporting logistics
3.2
iterativity
characteristic of a process which is repeated several times in full or in part, with a search for
convergence towards a product meeting the expressed need
3.3
recursivity
owing to the system breakdown into sub-systems, repetition of the SE process at various breakdown
levels with strong interaction between the levels
3.4
system
set of complex hardware, software, personnel and operational processes, organized so as to satisfy the
needs and fulfil the expected services, in a given environment
3.5
systems engineering
interdisciplinary approach governing the total technical and managerial effort required to transform a
set of customer needs, expectations, and constraints into a solution and to support that solution
throughout its life
Note 1 to entry: Includes the definition of technical performance measures; the integration of engineering
specialties toward the establishment of architecture; and the definition of supporting lifecycle processes that
balance cost, performance, and schedule objectives.
1) EIA National (US) Electronic Industries Association http://www.eia.org/
2) IEEE International Institute of Electrical and Electronical Engineers http://www.ieee.org/
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3.6
scalability
the ability to change the component configuration of a system to fit desired application context
Note 1 to entry: Component configuration changes may be obtained by deployment of items or by setting
configuration parameters of each item.
3.7
upgradability
potential ability of a system, subsystem or component to respond to changes in operational
requirements and anticipated or foreseeable technical changes without affecting the basis of its
structure
Source: ISO 9220.
4 Symbols and abbreviations
For the purpose of this document, the abbreviations used are clarified below:
CAD : Computer Assisted Design
FS : Functional Specifications
ILS : Integrated Logistics Support
MP : Management Plan
MS : Management Specification
(N)TS : (Need) Technical Specification
PDCA : Plan/Do/Check/Act
PTS : Product Technical Specification
SE : Systems Engineering
TS : Technical Specification
5 Positioning of Systems Engineering and SE management within a project
5.1 The need for Systems Engineering Management
Within the business activities, two different and complementary visions co exist. SE vision highlights
the following main objectives:
a) The management of SE activities giving assurance that all SE activities are identified, planed,
monitored and controlled:
before launch of the project through the identification of the technical activities to perform
during the project to satisfy needs of the system development and project constraints (costs,
schedule, performance),
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during the project through the identification of the engineering tasks, the relevant resources
including human resources, the appointment of the main responsibles, the reporting needed
to monitor and control the progress of the engineering,
along the project maintain the compliance of the system design and definition with the
requirements.
b) Contribution of the Systems Engineering to the Programme:
converting a set of needs into a system meeting the set of needs, through a systematic
approach contributing towards an integrated design of the product and associated
manufacturing, testing and support processes,
from a technical point of view, managing and optimizing the system performance in
accordance with the Programme objectives and constraints,
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enable to deploy a gradual demonstration that this system meets the set of needs,
identifying the system technical risks and conducting risk mitigation actions, and contributing
to the overall risk management process.
A strong coordination and integration is essential, justifying the creation of formalized specific SE
management, for example through an SE specification and MP.
Indeed, some main characteristics differentiate the SE with respect to conventional engineering
activities and justify the need for specific SE management:
imprecise requirements, which are refined during development, supplemented by assumptions;
complexity of the environment, interacting closely with the system (Man Machine Interface, field of
operation, etc.);
complexity linked to the number and diversity of stakeholders, the number of different
technologies, the products themselves and the supporting logistics (system dedicated to multi
acquirers on multi markets);
iterativity; recursivity of project processes;
scalability of the system;
upgradability of the systems, sub-systems and components.
Systems Engineering involves both the Acquirer and the Supplier(s) of the Organization and comprises
the various technical processes which iteratively and exhaustively contribute to ensuring that the
solution meets the need throughout the lifecycle of the system.
See Figure 1 — Systems Engineering positioning in relation to Programme Management.
SE management is therefore not restricted to management of the Organization's SE technical activities,
but must also provide the link with the higher and lower level SE activities (Organization's acquirers and
suppliers).
In this context, cooperative Acquirer/Organization/Supplier working methods will be encouraged in
order to improve data exchanges, partner reactivity and convergence towards common requirements
and solutions (for example: networking, shared data environment, etc.).
The large number of stakeholders (owing to the numerous disciplines involved and the
Acquirer/Organization/Supplier tree) similarly requires specific SE management to ensure the
consistency of the work done, the consistency of the data and of technical data flow.
Consequently, SE management requires the use of specific methods, tools and skills.
5.2 Relation between SE management and Programme Management
Given the need for Systems Engineering Management, the overall SE process can be split into 2 types
of activities:
SE management activities which are included in Programme Management and which comprise
planning, management and control of SE technical activities,
the technical activities themselves, linked to the technical processes (Acquirer needs analysis,
design, verification, validation, etc.) applied to the system.
See Figure 1 — Systems Engineering positioning in relation to Programme Management.
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The main role of SE management within Programme Management is to ensure system performance in
conformity with the expressed need and to control the technical risks involved in the development.
Besides, SE management contribute to the Programme Management for all technical aspects of the
system through the whole lifecycle. SE management therefore reinforces the technical viewpoint
within the Programme Management.
The cost and schedule parameters, which are the responsibility of Programme Management are taken
into account in SE management as input constraints in the search for optimum performance: SE
management must measure all the resulting consequences in terms of technical choice and associated
risks for the project and help Programme Management to define the performance/cost/schedule
trade-off in cooperation with all the stakeholders.
5.3 Positioning of SE in relation to Programme Management
For a given Organization (level N), Figure 1 presents the positioning of Systems Engineering in relation
to Programme Management within a generic Acquirer Supplier relationship, as well as the central
positioning of SE management between Programme Management and technical activities.
This figure applies to any organization, from the end user up to the furthest downstream suppliers. In
this figure, the notion of acquirer is to be taken in the broadest sense. It includes all the stakeholders
outside the Organization expressing needs to it (contracting organizations, certification Authorities,
end-user, etc.).
All the SE, technical and management activities together, are organized according to a reference
process recalled in Clause 6 and described in Annex D. The relations between the SE technical and
management activities are defined in Clause 7.
SE management uses the elements of the management plan related to SE in reply to all the
management requirements specific to SE expressed on the one hand in the Acquirer's management
specification and on the other hand internally by the Organization (Clause 8).
SE management also interfaces with all the other components of Programme Management such as
Integrated Logistics Support, risks and RAMS management. These interfaces are explained in Clause 9.
In the Figure 1 — Systems Engineering positioning in relation to Programme Management, the solid
line circles inside the Acquirer, Organization and Supplier entities represent the activities carried out
by these entities (the what) without anticipating the organization put in place to carry them out (the
who) which can fluctuate from one Organization to another and one project to another Figure 1 —
Systems Engineering positioning in relation to Programme Management.
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Figure 1 — Systems Engineering positioning in relation to Programme Management
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6 Systems Engineering process
6.1 Reference process
The basic SE process is described in EIA 632 through static relations (no phase sequencing) between
activities, without specifying the Actors in this process. The approach of this standard is to supplement
this view by handling the time aspects of the SE process within a project phasing and scheduling
approach with responsibilities sharing in the Acquirer Supplier relationship, as envisioned by EN 9200.
Thus, it was proved necessary to combine these two visions in order to obtain a reference process for
the rest of the document.
The description of the SE process activities is detailed in Annex D. Regular reference to this annex is
strongly recommended for a clear understanding of the management requirements in Clause 8.
6.2 Technical activities
The SE process comprises the following technical activities:
expression of the Acquirer's need;
system design incorporating:
analysis by the Organization of this need and the system requirements definition,
definition of the system solution: structuring, requirements allocation and components
specification.
modelling/simulation (performance, etc.);
technical assessment comprising:
requirements validation,
system analysis,
system verification,
system validation.
The content, players and inputs/outputs of these activities are described in Annex D.
NOTE Due to its growing role in the development of complex systems (for example mock-ups and virtual
products), modelling/simulation is here considered to be an activity in its own right, going beyond the simple
framework of systems analysis.
The SE process is also involved in the following technical activities:
acquisition of components from the Suppliers of the Organization (or in-house),
integration of these components into the system,
development of the supporting logistics,
transition to use placing of the final system at to the Acquirer's use (installation and
commissioning in the Acquirer's environment).
The SE activities are carried out iteratively for each level of the product-tree which can be considered
as a system, refining the requirements and the solutions at each iteration. Moreover, these activities
are repeated recursively from level to level of the product-tree.
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These activities comprise the flow down of the needs, the search for and consolidation of solutions.
The chosen solutions are gradually detailed and then implemented (the implementation activities are
not part of SE).
All these activities contribute to controlling the performance of the system, in other words, obtaining,
optimizing, checking and validating this performance.
6.3 Interactions between technical activities
Figure 2 represents the interactions, flows and looping (non-chronological) between the technical
activities in the SE process. The activities are positioned in it according to the field of responsibility of
each player (Acquirer, Organization, Supplier). The scale of shading differentiates the SE activities
from those in which the SE process is simply involved. The “supporting logistics development” activity
is not represented because showing its interactions with the other activities would degrade the overall
legibility without really adding any significant value.
The direct process activities and flows, ranging from expression of need to transition to use, are
represented differently (bold simple arrows) from the loop flows used to check that each step has
been achieved correctly and iterate if necessary (simple arrows). The specific interactions between
system analysis and the other activities are represented in a particular way (dotted two-way arrows).
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Figure 2 — Interactions between the SE process technical activities
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6.4 Activities specific to Systems Engineering management
This
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