SIST-V CLC Guide 24:2010
(Main)Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Standardization for Product Committees concerned with apparatus
Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Standardization for Product Committees concerned with apparatus
The purpose of this Guide is to
– advise on the application of the generic and basic EMC standards,
– advise on the preparation of product i.e. product-family or dedicated product EMC standards.
It should be noted that certification (*) aspects are not considered in this Guide. This Guide is primarily intended for product-oriented committees preparing EMC standards, especially in the field of immunity. (*) NOTE Certification (of conformity) is the action by a third party demonstrating that adequate confidence is provided that a duly identified product, process or service is in conformity with a standard or with other normative documents.
Standardizacija na področju elektromagnetne združljivosti (EMC) za produktne tehnične odbore, ki se ukvarjajo z napravami
Namen tega vodila je:
- svetuje pri vpeljavi splošnih in osnovnih EMC standardov,
- svetuje pri pripravi produkta, t.j. družine produktov ali namenskega produkta EMC standardov.
Upoštevati je treba, da vidiki certificiranja (*) niso obravnavani v tem vodilu. To vodilo je prvotno namenjeno za produktno usmerjene tehnične odbore, ki pripravljajo EMC standarde, še posebej na področju odpornosti. (*) OPOMBA Certifikacija (skladnosti) je dejanje tretje osebe, ki nazorno prikaže, da je zagotovljeno zadostno zaupanje, da je določen produkt, proces ali servis v skladu s standardom ali drugimi normativnimi dokumenti.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST-V CLC Guide 24:2010
01-april-2010
6WDQGDUGL]DFLMDQDSRGURþMXHOHNWURPDJQHWQH]GUXåOMLYRVWL (0& ]DSURGXNWQH
WHKQLþQHRGERUHNLVHXNYDUMDMR]QDSUDYDPL
Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Standardization for Product Committees concerned
with apparatus
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CLC Guide 24:2009
ICS:
01.120 Standardizacija. Splošna Standardization. General
pravila rules
33.100.01 Elektromagnetna združljivost Electromagnetic compatibility
na splošno in general
SIST-V CLC Guide 24:2010 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST-V CLC Guide 24:2010
CENELEC Guide 24
Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)
Standardization for Product Committees
concerned with apparatus
This third edition of CENELEC Guide 24, prepared by CENELEC Technical Committee TC 210,
Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC), was approved by the CENELEC Technical Board by
correspondence on 2009-07-01.
Edition 3 / December 2009
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SIST-V CLC Guide 24:2010
Avenue Marnix, 17
B - 1000 Brussels
Tel.: + 32 2 519 68 71
Fax: + 32 2 519 69 19
www.cenelec.eu
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SIST-V CLC Guide 24:2010
Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Standardization CENELEC Guide 24
for Product Committees concerned with apparatus
Foreword
This CENELEC Guide has been prepared by CENELEC Technical Committee TC 210, EMC.
This third edition was approved by the CENELEC Technical Board on 2009-07-01; it
supersedes CENELEC Guide 24:2005.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium,
Bulgaria, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands,
Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the
United Kingdom.
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CENELEC Guide 24 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Standardization
for Product Committees concerned with apparatus
CONTENTS
1 Purpose . 6
2 Characteristics of EMC standards . 6
2.1 Basic EMC standards . 6
2.2 Generic EMC standards . 7
2.3 Product EMC standards . 8
2.3.1 Product-family EMC standards (*) . 8
2.3.2 Dedicated product EMC standards . 9
3 Formulation of product (family) EMC standards . 10
3.1 Electromagnetic phenomena for immunity . 10
3.1.1 Conducted low frequency phenomena . 10
3.1.2 Radiated low frequency field phenomena . 11
3.1.3 Conducted high frequency phenomena . 11
3.1.4 Radiated high frequency field phenomena . 11
3.1.5 Electrostatic discharge phenomena (ESD) . 11
3.2 Electromagnetic phenomena for emission . 11
3.3 Drafting of a Product EMC standard . 12
3.3.1 General . 12
3.3.2 Special points to be considered . 13
3.3.3 Reference to other standards . 13
3.4 Coordinating role of CENELEC TC 210 for product EMC standards . 14
Annex A List of generic and basic EMC standards . 15
Annex B Definitions . 17
Annex C Guideline table for comparing generic and product standards . 19
Annex D Annexes ZZ . 23
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Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Standardization CENELEC Guide 24
for Product Committees concerned with apparatus
INTRODUCTION
The Council of the European Communities has adopted the Directive 2004/108/EC (the EMC
Directive) concerning Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC). The Directive concerns both
immunity and emission over the whole frequency range.
The European Commission has given CEN, CENELEC and ETSI the task of preparing and
harmonising the necessary standards for the implementation of this directive.
These standards are necessary to enable the presumption of conformity with the protection
requirements of the EMC Directive set out in Annex I, Article 1 and are designed to satisfy
those protection requirements. Conformance to the appropriate standards will facilitate the
free movement of apparatus placed on the market within the European Economic Area
(EEA).
Generic EMC standards (or product standards i.e. product-family, or dedicated product
standards where appropriate) define the emission and immunity test requirements presumed
to satisfy the protection requirements of the EMC Directive.
It is recommended that this CENELEC Guide be read in conjunction with
IEC Guide 107:2009 ”Electromagnetic compatibility - Guide to the drafting of electromagnetic
compatibility publications”.
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CENELEC Guide 24 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Standardization
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1 Purpose
The purpose of this Guide is to
– advise on the application of the generic and basic EMC standards,
– advise on the preparation of product i.e. product-family or dedicated product EMC
standards.
It should be noted that certification (*) aspects are not considered in this Guide.
This Guide is primarily intended for product-oriented committees preparing EMC standards,
especially in the field of immunity.
(*) NOTE Certification (of conformity) is the action by a third party demonstrating that adequate confidence is
provided that a duly identified product, process or service is in conformity with a standard or with other normative
documents.
2 Characteristics of EMC standards
To fulfil the tasks related to meeting the requirements of the EMC Directive, it is essential to
be able to distinguish between the three following types of EMC standards:
a) basic standards,
b) generic standards,
c) product standards (including product-family standards and dedicated product standards).
The following subclauses define (as precisely as practicable) the characteristics of these
different types of standards. A list of basic and generic standards is given in Annex A.
In addition to the above types of standards, there is a need for a further category of
documents including guidance documents, codes of practice, etc.
Table 1 gives an overview of the characteristics of the different types of standards.
2.1 Basic EMC standards
Two types of basic EMC standards have been identified:
– those for tests and measurements;
– those related to other aspects.
Basic standards for test and measurement are of particular importance in connection with
generic and product standards for conformity assessment purposes.
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Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Standardization CENELEC Guide 24
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a) Basic standards for emission and immunity tests and measurements
Contents
These standards give (often separately for each disturbing phenomenon) a definition
and description of the phenomenon, detailed test and measurement methods, test
instrumentation and basic test set up.
Ranges of test levels (immunity) may be given with respect to the characteristics of
measuring equipment or measuring methods.
These standards shall not include prescribed limits and shall not contain detailed
performance criteria.
Aims and use
These standards constitute the foundation of EMC-standardisation by defining the
detailed test and measurement methods.
It is intended that generic and product (- family) standards should make reference to the
basic standards without repeating their detailed contents. As such, a declaration of
conformity of products with the basic standards has no significance and therefore basic
standards are not included in the list of harmonised standards published in the Official
Journal of the European Union (OJEU). This OJEU list will indeed include only those
standards permitting the direct presumption of conformity of products with Directive
2004/108/EC.
b) Other types of basic standards and documents
Other types of EMC standards and publications relating to other aspects may be
identified as ‘basic’, in as much as they describe the fundamental elements of EMC. For
example, they may concern:
– guidelines on mitigation measures, e.g. IEC 61000-5-1 (Technical Report Type 3).
– description and classification of environment, possibly including ranges of
environmental and/or compatibility levels, thus constituting an important basis for
establishing emission limits and immunity test levels, e.g. IEC 61000-2-5 (still
described by IEC as a “Technical Report Type 2”, although this type of publication
no longer exists).
2.2 Generic EMC standards
Contents
These standards for emission and immunity define a set of precise EMC requirements
(including limits) and indicate which standardised tests are applicable to those products
intended to be used in a given environment.
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It is intended that generic standards should not include detailed test and measurement
methods or test instrumentation but refer for that purpose to basic standards. Generic
standards may contain, when necessary, additional information (e.g. choice of one method
where several are included in a basic standard).
Generic immunity standards specify a limited number of essential tests, with the objective of
achieving a technical/economical optimum, thus avoiding over specifying test requirements.
This selection is very critical.
These limited test requirements for conformity with the EMC Directive do not preclude that
equipment must be designed to operate normally in its intended EMC environment for all
disturbing phenomena specified within this environment.
Generic immunity standards also include those performance criteria of general application
which are associated with specific test levels.
Aims and use
The generic standards should be used when no corresponding product standards exist or are
deemed necessary.
In addition, generic standards play an essential role in the co-ordination of product
standards.
2.3 Product EMC standards
2.3.1 Product-family EMC standards (*)
Contents
The scopes of such standards indicate the particular product-family concerned; these may be
broad or narrow.
Product-family standards define specific EMC requirements (immunity and emission) and
precise tests for the products within their scopes.
(*) NOTE A product-family covers products with differing detailed functions, but having some common general
characteristics. The borderline with dedicated products may sometimes be imprecise as families may be very
broad or narrow.
It is intended that
– product-family standards should not normally include detailed measurement methods or
test instrumentation, but give reference to basic standards. In exceptional and justified
cases, specific test methods or deviations from the tests in the basic standards may be
necessary;
– product-family standards include all necessary additional information for the reproducible
testing of those products;
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– the tests and limits in product-family standards should be co-ordinated with those in the
generic standards. Where deviations are necessary, they shall be fully justified (**) and
the rationale shall be indicated, preferably within the product-family standards.
Deviations may concern the phenomena considered, additional tests or test levels.
(**) NOTE CENELEC TC 210 in their overall EMC co-ordination role should be given the opportunity to
comment on the proposed justification prior to the finalisation of the standard.
– product-family standards include more specific and detailed performance criteria than
generic standards.
Aims and use
For assessment of compliance with the EMC Directive, product-family standards take
precedence over generic standards, either partially or totally according to the EMC domains
covered.
It is recommended that an EMC product-family standard forms a separate publication, except
when EMC requirements are of such a simple nature that they may be introduced in a
product-family standard covering the performance characteristics. In this case the EMC
clauses shall be clearly separated and identified.
In safety standards EMC clauses not directly related to safety should preferably not be
included.
2.3.2 Dedicated product EMC standards
The same criteria as defined for product-family standards apply. However EMC
requirements, instead of constituting separate standards, are frequently included within the
general-purpose (performance characteristics) standards dedicated to those specific
(dedicated) products. EMC clauses within these general-purpose standards shall be
separated and shall be clearly identified. However, having separate EMC standards is to be
preferred.
Regarding emission requirements: when a particular product is covered by a product-family
standard, the preparation of a dedicated product standard is seldom justified. Deviations from
the specified emission limits will be allowed only in exceptional cases, such as where a
particular environment allows an increase. CENELEC TC 210 in its co-ordination role will
consider any proposed deviations.
Product specific functional characteristics have to be taken into consideration when
determining the product's immunity requirements. Dedicated product EMC standards or
clauses shall give precise performance criteria.
These product standards are therefore in some cases justifiably different from product-family
and generic standards; however they should remain coordinated with them.
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CENELEC Guide 24 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Standardization
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Table 1 – Structure of standards
Type Contents Aims
a
Basic - Measurement and test methods - Reference documents
- Instrumentation - No conformance testing of products
(Not published in the OJEU list)
- Test set-up
- Ranges of test levels (immunity)
- No limits/No performance criteria
Generic - Precise and essential requirements - Conformance testing of products
(limits) for all products intended for use (Published in the OJEU list)
in each environment i.e. residential,
- Co-ordination tool for product (family)
commercial, light industry and industry
standards
- Refer to basic standards for
measurement/test methods (no
repetition)
- General performance criteria
Product-
- EMC requirements for product-families - Conformance testing of products
family (Published in the OJEU list)
- More detailed performance criteria
- Precedence over generic standards
- Specific test set-up etc.
but to be co-ordinated with them
- Refer to basic standards for
measurements/tests (no repetition)
Dedicated - Same as for product-family but more - Same as for product-family but more
product specific. specific.
- Generally not needed for emission
a
Refers to basic standards for tests and measurements. There are other types of basic EMC standards (see
2.1.b).
3 Formulation of product (family) EMC standards
3.1 Electromagnetic phenomena for immunity
3.1.1 Conducted low frequency phenomena
– slow variations of the supply voltage;
– harmonics, inter-harmonics;
– signalling on the mains supply;
– voltage fluctuations;
– voltage dips and interruptions;
– voltage unbalance;
– power frequency variations;
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– induced low frequency voltages;
– DC current or voltage in AC networks.
3.1.2 Radiated low frequency field phenomena
– magnetic fields (*);
– electric fields (*).
(*) NOTE Continuous or transient.
3.1.3 Conducted high frequency phenomena
– induced continuous wave voltages or currents;
– unidirectional transients (**);
– oscillatory transients (**).
(**) NOTE Single or repetitive.
3.1.4 Radiated high frequency field phenomena
– magnetic fields;
– electric fields;
– electromagnetic fields:
– continuous waves,
– transients (**).
(**) NOTE Single or repetitive.
3.1.5 Electrostatic discharge phenomena (ESD)
3.2 Electromagnetic phenomena for emission
In principle, the same phenomena exist as listed in 3.1, but until now, emission limits in
product families have been applied only to the following phenomena or effects:
– power supply harmonic currents;
– power supply currents resulting in voltage fluctuations;
– radio-interference (power supply, radiation, signalling wires, etc.);
– audio-frequency magnetic fields in special cases.
NOTE Radio-interference emission limits may provide an indirect limitation of transients.
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In future other phenomena may be considered under emission limits, none are presently
foreseen.
3.3 Drafting of a Product EMC standard
3.3.1 General
A product EMC Standard should, to the maximum possible extent, align with the applicable
generic EMC Standards; if not, all deviations from the generic EMC standards shall be fully
justified and the rationale shall be given, e.g. in a separate document or, preferably, in the
introduction of the standard or in an informative annex to it.
NOTE 1 Dedicated product standards have the same criteria as defined for product-family standards. See 2.3.2.
A product EMC standard should preferably make reference to basic EMC standards, and
should define test arrangements and limits for emission tests, and test levels and specific
performance criteria for immunity tests.
Alternative test and measurement methods for the same purpose are acceptable provided
they give an adequate provision of presumption of conformity with the protection
requirements.
NOTE 2 In addition it will probably be necessary to indicate how to apply the standard to the product (specific
test set-up and procedure if needed).
New tests, which are not defined in the basic EMC standards, should be avoided as far as possible.
Product EMC standards can, for example, be created for the following reasons:
a) specific functional requirements, in particular for performance;
b) specific environments;
c) phenomena not considered in the generic standards.
Standards may include requirements (including we
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