SIST EN ISO 1942:2020
(Main)Dentistry - Vocabulary (ISO 1942:2020)
Dentistry - Vocabulary (ISO 1942:2020)
This document defines terms used in dental product standards.
This document aims to facilitate the standard development process and the comprehension of
standards, and to improve communication with the FDI World Dental Federation, the World Health
Organization and other organizations interested in standardization.
Zahnheilkunde - Vokabular (ISO 1942:2020)
Dieses Dokument definiert Begriffe, die in dentalen Produktnormen verwendet werden.
Dieses Dokument zielt darauf ab, den Entwicklungsprozess und das Verständnis der Normen zu erleichtern und die Kommunikation mit der FDI World Dental Federation, der Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO) und andern an der Normung interessierten Organisationen zu verbessern.
Médecine bucco-dentaire - Vocabulaire (ISO 1942:2020)
Le présent document définit les termes utilisés dans les normes de produits pour le domaine dentaire.
Le présent document vise à faciliter le processus d'élaboration des normes et la compréhension des normes, et à améliorer la communication avec la Fédération dentaire internationale (FDI), l'Organisation mondiale de la santé et d'autres organismes concernés par le domaine de la normalisation.
Zobozdravstvo - Slovar (ISO 1942:2020)
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 1942:2020
01-december-2020
Nadomešča:
SIST EN ISO 1942:2011
Zobozdravstvo - Slovar (ISO 1942:2020)
Dentistry - Vocabulary (ISO 1942:2020)
Zahnheilkunde - Vokabular (ISO 1942:2020)
Médecine bucco-dentaire - Vocabulaire (ISO 1942:2020)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 1942:2020
ICS:
01.040.11 Zdravstveno varstvo Health care technology
(Slovarji) (Vocabularies)
11.060.01 Zobozdravstvo na splošno Dentistry in general
SIST EN ISO 1942:2020 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 1942:2020
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SIST EN ISO 1942:2020
EN ISO 1942
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
November 2020
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 01.040.11; 11.060.01 Supersedes EN ISO 1942:2010
English Version
Dentistry - Vocabulary (ISO 1942:2020)
Médecine bucco-dentaire - Vocabulaire (ISO Zahnheilkunde - Vokabular (ISO 1942:2020)
1942:2020)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 August 2020.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2020 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 1942:2020 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN ISO 1942:2020
EN ISO 1942:2020 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
2
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SIST EN ISO 1942:2020
EN ISO 1942:2020 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN ISO 1942:2020) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 106 "Dentistry"
in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 55 “Dentistry” the secretariat of which is held by
DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2021, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by May 2021.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 1942:2010.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 1942:2020 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 1942:2020 without any modification.
3
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SIST EN ISO 1942:2020
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SIST EN ISO 1942:2020
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 1942
Third edition
2020-10
Dentistry — Vocabulary
Médecine bucco-dentaire — Vocabulaire
Reference number
ISO 1942:2020(E)
©
ISO 2020
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SIST EN ISO 1942:2020
ISO 1942:2020(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 1942:2020
ISO 1942:2020(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
3.1 Dental terminology and general terms . 1
3.1.1 Anatomical concepts . 1
3.1.2 Branches of dentistry . 4
3.1.3 Clinical concepts . . 5
3.1.4 Devices and occupational concepts . 8
3.2 Restorative and orthodontic materials .11
3.2.1 ZOE cements .11
3.2.2 Endodontic materials . .11
3.2.3 Resin-based pit and fissure sealants .12
3.2.4 Amalgam/mercury .12
3.2.5 Luting cements, bases and liners .12
3.2.6 Orthodontic products .13
3.2.7 Adhesive and etching components .14
3.3 Prosthodontic materials .14
3.3.1 General prosthodontics concepts .14
3.3.2 Dental ceramics.18
3.3.3 Impression materials .19
3.3.4 Noble metal casting alloys .21
3.3.5 Resilient lining materials .22
3.3.6 Denture base polymers .22
3.3.7 Dental waxes.23
3.3.8 Artificial teeth .24
3.4 Instruments .24
3.4.1 Rotary instruments . .24
3.4.2 Dental handpieces .24
3.4.3 Dental hand instruments .25
3.4.4 Endodontic instruments .26
3.5 Dental equipment .26
3.6 Oral care products .27
3.7 Dental implants .28
Annex A (informative) Information helpful to understand the structure and content of ISO 1942 35
Bibliography .37
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved iii
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SIST EN ISO 1942:2020
ISO 1942:2020(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www .iso .org/ iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 106, Dentistry, Subcommittee SC 3,
Terminology, in collaboration with the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical
Committee CEN/TC 55, Dentistry, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between
ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 1942:2009), which has been technically
revised.
The main change compared to the previous edition is as follows: a systematic arrangement of
terminology necessary for the development of standards related to dentistry according to ISO directives
has been integrated.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
iv © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 1942:2020
ISO 1942:2020(E)
Introduction
This document is cited in Clause 2 of most of the ISO documents in the field of dentistry. Its content,
therefore, is fundamental for the proper understanding of those documents. It is also important to
understand the terms and definitions in this document when a new standard is developed, or existing
standards are revised in ISO/TC 106.
The content and format of this document have been developed in accordance to References [1] to [5].
Also, terminological entries have been arranged and grouped reflecting the structure and scope/
responsibilities of each subcommittee in TC 106. The sub-categorization of terminological entries
essentially follows the scope of each working group within the subcommittee, except for general
concepts that include anatomical, branches of dentistry, clinical and occupational. Annex A describes
inclusion and exclusion criteria as well as other information helpful to understand the structure and
content of this document.
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SIST EN ISO 1942:2020
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SIST EN ISO 1942:2020
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 1942:2020(E)
Dentistry — Vocabulary
1 Scope
This document defines terms used in dental product standards.
This document aims to facilitate the standard development process and the comprehension of
standards, and to improve communication with the FDI World Dental Federation, the World Health
Organization and other organizations interested in standardization.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1 Dental terminology and general terms
3.1.1 Anatomical concepts
3.1.1.1
dental organ
tissue complex comprising the tooth and its supporting structures
3.1.1.2
anterior teeth
mandibular and maxillary centrals, laterals and canines
3.1.1.3
posterior teeth
mandibular and maxillary molars and premolars
3.1.1.4
clinical crown
part of a tooth not covered by soft or supporting hard tissue
3.1.1.5
anatomical crown
crown
portion of a tooth normally covered by, and including, the enamel (3.1.1.14)
3.1.1.6
visible crown
part of the anatomical crown (3.1.1.5) which is accessible to visual examination without manipulation
of the surrounding gingival tissues
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SIST EN ISO 1942:2020
ISO 1942:2020(E)
3.1.1.7
macrodontia
genetic condition resulting in the formation of abnormally large teeth
3.1.1.8
mesial
surface nearest the midline along the dental arch
3.1.1.9
distal
surface furthest from the midline along the dental arch
3.1.1.10
proximal
mesial (3.1.1.8) or distal (3.1.1.9) surface of a tooth
3.1.1.11
predentine
immature fibrillar matrix (3.3.1.35) produced by odontoblasts
3.1.1.12
primary dentine
dentine (3.1.1.16) formed during tooth development prior to completion of root formation
3.1.1.13
odontogenesis imperfecta
generalized genetic disturbance in the formation of enamel (3.1.1.14) and dentine (3.1.1.16)
3.1.1.14
enamel
highly mineralized outermost layer of the normally exposed tooth consisting primarily of
hydroxyapatite in orderly crystal structures
3.1.1.15
cementum
calcified outermost layer covering the dentin in the root of a tooth and which attaches to
surrounding tissue
3.1.1.16
dentine, GB
dentin, US
mineralized hard tissue that forms the bulk of the tooth and develops from the dental papilla and dental
pulp (3.1.1.25)
3.1.1.17
mantle dentine
most peripheral part of the dentine (3.1.1.16) adjacent to the enamel (3.1.1.14), characterized by coarsely
bundled fibres running parallel to the branching ends of the tubules
3.1.1.18
circumpulpal dentine
inner part of the dentine (3.1.1.16) adjacent to the pulp (3.1.1.25), characterized by the inclusion of fine
collagen fibres running approximately at right-angles to the tubules
3.1.1.19
peritubular dentine
orthodentine that constitutes the highly-mineralized matrix (3.3.1.35) immediately around the
dentinal tubules
2 © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 1942:2020
ISO 1942:2020(E)
3.1.1.20
intratubular dentine
mineralized matrix (3.3.1.35) that is found in the tubules of orthodentine
3.1.1.21
secondary dentine
dentine (3.1.1.16) that is formed after complete formation of a tooth as a result of normal or slightly
abnormal stimuli
3.1.1.22
tertiary dentine
irregular dentine (3.1.1.16) deposited at sites of the pulpal aspects of primary dentine (3.1.1.12) or
secondary dentine (3.1.1.21), corresponding to areas of external irritation
3.1.1.23
endodontium
pulpo-dental organ
part of the dental organ (3.1.1.1) that pertains to the tissues of the dental pulp (3.1.1.25) and the dentine
(3.1.1.16)
3.1.1.24
odontium
part of the tooth consisting of enamel (3.1.1.14), dentine (3.1.1.16) and pulp (3.1.1.25) but not cementum
(3.1.1.15)
3.1.1.25
pulp
soft tissue complex of mesenchymal origin which occupies the pulp chamber and the root
canal(s) of a tooth and which provides for dentinogenic, nutritive, neurosensory and defensive functions
3.1.1.26
apical
pertaining to, or in the direction towards, the root tip (apex)
3.1.1.27
periodontium
tissue complex comprising the gingivae, cementum (3.1.1.15), periodontal ligament (3.1.1.28) and
alveolar bone, and which attaches, nourishes and supports the tooth
3.1.1.28
periodontal ligament
alveolodental ligament
bundles of collagen fibres that suspend the tooth in the alveolus by connecting the cementum (3.1.1.15)
of the root to the alveolar bone
3.1.1.29
desmodontium
tissue, including periodontal ligament (3.1.1.28), that normally occupies the space between cementum
(3.1.1.15) and alveolar bone
3.1.1.30
desmodontal
pertaining to the desmodontium (3.1.1.29)
3.1.1.31
periodontitis
inflammation of the periodontium (3.1.1.27)
3.1.1.32
periodontopathy
disease affecting the periodontium (3.1.1.27)
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SIST EN ISO 1942:2020
ISO 1942:2020(E)
3.1.1.33
periodontolysis
process leading to advanced destruction of the periodontium (3.1.1.27)
3.1.1.34
osteogenesis
formation of bone or development of bones
3.1.1.35
odontogenic cyst
primordial cyst
cyst, originated from epithelial cells, usually containing fluid or semi-solid material, and which develops
during various stages of odontogenesis
3.1.1.36
emergence profile
contour of a tooth or restoration (3.1.4.13), such as a crown (3.1.1.5) on a natural tooth or a dental
implant body (3.7.2.4), as it relates to the emergence through the soft tissues and bone
3.1.1.37
masticatory system
organs and structures primarily functioning in mastication
3.1.2 Branches of dentistry
3.1.2.1
oral health
DEPRECATED: dental public health
branch of public general health that addresses matters pertaining to the health of the oral cavity
(3.1.3.26) and adjacent tissues of the cranio-facial complex
3.1.2.2
dentistry
science of preventing, diagnosing and treating diseases and malfunctions of, and injuries to, the teeth,
mouth and jaws, and of replacing lost teeth and associated tissues and promoting oral health (3.1.2.1)
3.1.2.3
dental education
education that contribute to the development of the knowledge and skills required for the practice of
dentistry (3.1.2.2)
Note 1 to entry: The designation of “dentistry” can vary according to the legal usage of the term in the country
concerned.
3.1.2.4
oral health programme
activity planned to improve the oral health (3.1.2.1) of the community
3.1.2.5
oral status and intervention index
OSI index
index that classifies the oral status and the relating interventions needed, on a ten-point scale from 0
(good health, no need for treatment) to 9 (complicated, invasive and costly care needed)
3.1.2.6
preventive dentistry
part of dentistry (3.1.2.2) concerned with promoting oral health (3.1.2.1) and function by preventing or
reducing the onset and/or development of oral diseases or deformities and the occurrence of orofacial
injuries
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SIST EN ISO 1942:2020
ISO 1942:2020(E)
3.1.2.7
community dentistry
public health dentistry
part of dentistry (3.1.2.2) concerned with oral health (3.1.2.1) in relation to the general health of the
community
3.1.2.8
cariology
part of dentistry (3.1.2.2) concerned with aetiology, pathology and prevention of dental caries (3.1.3.15)
3.1.2.9
pediatric dentistry, US
DEPRECATED: paedodontic dentistry, GB
DEPRECATED: paedodontics, GB
DEPRECATED: pedodontics, US
branch of dentistry (3.1.2.2) concerned with children including the diagnosis, treatment, prevention of
oral anomalies, other conditions and injuries
3.1.2.10
orthodontics
part of dentistry (3.1.2.2) concerned with the study of craniofacial growth and development, and the
treatment or prevention of malocclusions and other dentofacial anomalies
3.1.2.11
operative dentistry
part of dentistry (3.1.2.2) that focus on the restoration (3.1.4.13) of hard tissues of teeth to normal
function and aesthetics that could have been compromised by disease, trauma or acquired or non-
acquired anomalies
3.1.2.12
endodontics
part of dentistry (3.1.2.2) concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of the diseases of the pulp
(3.1.1.25) and contiguous periapical tissues
3.1.2.13
periodontics
periodontology
DEPRECATED: periodontia
part of dentistry (3.1.2.2) concerned with the study, prevention, and treatment of diseases affecting the
periodontium (3.1.1.27)
3.1.2.14
prosthodontics
part of dentistry (3.1.2.2) that is concerned with the functional and aesthetic rehabilitation of the
masticatory system by artificial replacement of missing teeth and associated tissues
3.1.2.15
forensic dentistry
forensic odontology, US
part of dentistry (3.1.2.2) which deals with the examination, interpretation and presentation of dental
and oral evidence for legal purposes
3.1.3 Clinical concepts
3.1.3.1
intraoral radiography
radiography whereby the image receptor is positioned intraorally
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SIST EN ISO 1942:2020
ISO 1942:2020(E)
3.1.3.2
impacted tooth
tooth in a state of partial or total impeded eruption
3.1.3.3
mastication
process of chewing food in preparation for swallowing and digestion
3.1.3.4
occlusion
static and dynamic relationship between the contacting surfaces of the mandibular and maxillary teeth
or tooth analogues
3.1.3.5
mottling
uneven patches in the enamel (3.1.1.14) or the dentine (3.1.1.16) associated with the clinical crown
appearing on natural teeth; or similar patches intentionally placed on surfaces of artificial teeth
3.1.3.6
tooth erosion
dental erosion
progressive loss of calcified dental tissue by chemical processes that do not involve bacterial action
3.1.3.7
dentine conditioning
modification of the dentine (3.1.1.16) surface by means of chemical substances or other treatment
3.1.3.8
indirect pulp capping
dressing for conserving the vitality of the pulp (3.1.1.25) of a tooth infected with a penetrating carious
lesion, the complete excision of which could result in exposure of the pulp (3.1.1.25)
3.1.3.9
direct pulp capping
dressing of an exposed pulp (3.1.1.25) with the aim of maintaining pulpal vitality
3.1.3.10
pulpotomy
DEPRECATED: pulp amputation
surgical removal of a portion of the pulp (3.1.1.25) with the aim of maintaining the vitality of the
remaining portion by means of adequate dressing
3.1.3.11
pulpectomy
vital pulp extirpation
complete surgical removal of the vital pulp (3.1.1.25)
3.1.3.12
anchorage
configuration or preparation suitable for the retention or support of a dental prosthesis (3.3.1.19) or
orthodontic appliance (3.2.6.2)
3.1.3.13
Ante’s law
principle that states that the combined pericemental
area of all abutment teeth supporting a partial denture (3.3.1.19) should be equal to or greater in the
pericemental area than the tooth or teeth to be replaced
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SIST EN ISO 1942:2020
ISO 1942:2020(E)
3.1.3.14
Ante’s law
principle that states that the bone contacting the surface of the teeth being
replaced should approximate half of the periodontal ligament surface area of the teeth being replaced
3.1.3.15
dental caries
biofilm-mediated, sugar-driven, multifactorial, dynamic disease that occurs when the net balance of
the phasic demineralization (3.1.3.27) and remineralization (3.1.3.28) of dental hard tissues favours
demineralization
3.1.3.16
caries process
dynamic sequence of biofilm-tooth interactions which can occur over time on and within a tooth surface
leading to dental caries (3.1.3.15)
3.1.3.17
caries lesion
change in the tooth structure that results from the caries process (3.1.3.16)
3.1.3.18
caries lesion detection
carious lesion detection
examination by visual or any other relevant means of the tooth structure to detect caries lesions
(3.1.3.17)
3.1.3.19
caries lesion assessment
carious lesion assessment
evaluation of the characteristics of a caries lesion (3.1.3.17)
3.1.3.20
caries diagnosis
human professional summation of all the signs and symptoms of disease to arrive at an identification of
the past or present occurrence of the disease caries
3.1.3.21
caries lesion severity
stage of lesion progression along the spectrum of net mineral loss, from the initial loss at a molecular
level to total tissue destruction
3.1.3.22
white-spot lesion
caries lesion severity (3.1.3.21) where the net subsurface mineral loss has produced changes in the
optical properties of enamel such that these are visibly detectable as a loss of translucency, resulting in
a white appearance of the enamel surface
3.1.3.23
brown-spot lesion
caries lesion severity (3.1.3.21) where the net subsurface mineral loss in conjunction with the acquisition
of intrinsic or exogenous pigments has produced changes in the optical properties of enamel such that
these are visibly detectable as a loss of translucency and a brown discolouration, resulting in a brown
appearance of the enamel surface
3.1.3.24
non-cavitated lesion
caries lesion (3.1.3.17) whose surface appears macroscopically to be intact
© ISO 2020 – All rights res
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO 1942:2019
01-maj-2019
Zobozdravstvo - Slovar (ISO/DIS 1942:2019)
Dentistry - Vocabulary (ISO/DIS 1942:2019)
Zahnheilkunde - Vokabular (ISO/DIS 1942:2019)
Médecine bucco-dentaire - Vocabulaire (ISO/DIS 1942:2019)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 1942
ICS:
01.040.11 Zdravstveno varstvo Health care technology
(Slovarji) (Vocabularies)
11.060.01 Zobozdravstvo na splošno Dentistry in general
oSIST prEN ISO 1942:2019 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN ISO 1942:2019
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oSIST prEN ISO 1942:2019
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 1942
ISO/TC 106/SC 3 Secretariat: AFNOR
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2019-03-08 2019-05-31
Dentistry — Vocabulary
Médecine bucco-dentaire — Vocabulaire
ICS: 11.060.01; 01.040.11
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
Reference number
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO/DIS 1942:2019(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
©
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. ISO 2019
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COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2019
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
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Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
3.1 Dental Terminology and General Terms . 1
3.1.1 Anatomical concepts . 1
3.1.2 Branches of dentistry . 4
3.1.3 Clinical concepts . . 5
3.1.4 Devices and occupational concepts . 8
3.2 Category Restorative and Orthodontic materials.10
3.2.1 Subcategory ZOE cements .10
3.2.2 Subcategory Endodontic materials .11
3.2.3 Subcategory Resin-based pit & fissure sealants .11
3.2.4 Subcategory Amalgam/Mercury .11
3.2.5 Subcategory luting cements, bases & liners .11
3.2.6 Subcategory Orthodontic products .13
3.2.7 Subcategory Adhesive and etching components .13
3.3 Category Prosthodontic materials .14
3.3.1 Subcategory General Prosthodontics concepts .14
3.3.2 Subcategory Dental ceramics .18
3.3.3 Subcategory Impression materials .19
3.3.4 Subcategory Noble metal casting alloys .21
3.3.5 Subcategory Resilient lining materials .21
3.3.6 Subcategory Denture base polymers .21
3.3.7 Subcategory dental waxes .22
3.3.8 Subcategory artificial teeth .23
3.4 Category Instruments .23
3.4.1 Subcategory Rotary instruments .23
3.4.2 Subcategory Dental handpieces.24
3.4.3 Subcategory Dental hand instruments .24
3.4.4 Subcategory Endodontic instruments .25
3.5 Category Dental Equipment.26
3.6 Category Oral care products .27
3.7 Category Dental implants .27
4 Category Computer/Aided Design Computer/Aided Manufacturing (CAD-CAM) .33
Annex A (informative) Information helpful for the understanding of the structure and
content of ISO 1942 .34
Bibliography .38
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Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso
.org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 106, Dentistry, Subcommittee SC 3,
Terminology.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 1942:2009), which has been technically
revised.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/members .html.
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Introduction
The content and format of this International Standard has been formulated according to guidelines
published in the ISO Terminology Standards listed in the Bibliography.
ISO 1942 is cited as normative reference in most ISO Standards thus, its content is fundamental for the
proper understanding of concepts defined which may be contemplated to be included in new standards
or which can be considered applicable for the revision of existing standards within ISO TC106. A mixed
systematic arrangement has been used to present terminological entries basically following TC 106
structure as regards to the scope of work of each subcommittee. Following recommendations in ISO
Directives Part 2, the systematic order of terminological entries related to general concepts precedes
those more specific or less general.
Considering that concepts included in the standard refer to several groupings that correspond to
responsibilities assigned to each subcommittee, a mixed order of concepts has been used. Except for the
category of general concepts that includes, anatomical, branches of dentistry, clinical and occupational,
sub categorization of terminological entries essentially follows the scope of work of each working group
within the corresponding subcommittee. Not included are subordinate working groups for which no
terminological entries were identified in the second edition of ISO 1942:2009. Information provided in
Annex A has been designed to help explain how those guidelines apply.
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DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 1942:2019(E)
Dentistry — Vocabulary
1 Scope
This document provides a selective vocabulary of terminological concepts used for the development
of dental product standards in the interest of facilitating the standard development process and
comprehension of standards, and to improve communication with the FDI World Dental Federation, the
World Health Organization and other organizations interested in the field of standardization.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https: //www .iso .org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http: //www .electropedia .org/
3.1 Dental Terminology and General Terms
3.1.1 Anatomical concepts
3.1.1.1
dental organ
tissue complex comprising the tooth and its supporting structures
3.1.1.2
anterior teeth
mandibular and maxillary centrals, laterals and canines
3.1.1.3
posterior teeth
mandibular and maxillary molars and premolars
3.1.1.4
clinical crown
that part of a tooth not covered by soft or supporting hard tissue
3.1.1.5
anatomical crown
crown
portion of a tooth normally covered by, and including, the enamel
3.1.1.6
visible crown
that part of the anatomical crown which is accessible to visual examination without manipulation of the
surrounding gingival tissues
3.1.1.7
macrodontia
genetic condition resulting in the formation of abnormally large teeth
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3.1.1.8
mesial
surface nearest the midline along the dental arch
3.1.1.9
distal
surface furthest from the midline along the dental arch
3.1.1.10
proximal
pertaining to the mesial or distal surface of a tooth
3.1.1.11
predentine
immature fibrillar matrix produce by odontoblasts
3.1.1.12
primary dentine
dentine formed during tooth development prior to completion of root formation
3.1.1.13
odontogenesis imperfecta
generalized genetic disturbance in the formation of enamel and dentine
3.1.1.14
enamel
highly mineralized outermost layer of the normally exposed tooth consisting primarily of
hydroxyapatite in orderly crystal structures
3.1.1.15
cementum
calcified outermost layer covering the dentin in the root of a tooth and which attaches to
surrounding tissue
3.1.1.16
dentine GB
dentin US
mineralized hard tissue that forms the bulk of the tooth and develops from the dental papilla and
dental pulp
3.1.1.17
mantle dentine
most peripheral part of the dentine adjacent to enamel, characterized by coarsely bundled fibres
running parallel to the branching ends of the tubules
3.1.1.18
circumpulpal dentine
inner part of the dentine adjacent to the pulp, characterized by the inclusion of fine collagen fibres
running approximately at right-angles to the tubules
3.1.1.19
peritubular dentine
orthodentine that constitutes the highly-mineralized matrix immediately around the dentinal tubules
3.1.1.20
intratubular dentine
mineralized matrix that is found in the tubules of orthodentine
3.1.1.21
secondary dentine
dentine that is formed after complete formation of a tooth as result of normal or slightly abnormal stimuli
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3.1.1.22
tertiary dentine
irregular dentine deposited at sites of the pulpal aspects of primary or secondary dentine, corresponding
to areas of external irritation
3.1.1.23
endodontium
pulpo-dental organ
that part of the dental organ that pertains to the tissues of the dental pulp and the dentine
3.1.1.24
odontium
part of the tooth consisting of enamel, dentine and pulp but not cementum
3.1.1.25
pulp
soft tissue complex of mesenchymal origin which occupies the pulp chamber and the root
canal(s) of a tooth and which provides for dentinogenic, nutritive, neurosensory and defensive functions
3.1.1.26
apex
pertaining to, or in the direction towards, the root tip (apex)
3.1.1.27
periodontium
tissue complex comprising the gingivae, cementum, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone, and which
attaches, nourishes and supports the tooth
3.1.1.28
periodontal ligament
alveolodental ligament
bundles of collagen fibres that suspend the tooth in the alveolus by connecting the cementum of the
root to the alveolar bone
3.1.1.29
desmodontium
tissue, including periodontal ligament, that normally occupies the space between cementum and
alveolar bone
3.1.1.30
desmodontal
pertaining to the desmodontium
3.1.1.31
periodontitis
inflammation of the periodontium
3.1.1.32
periodontopathy
equivalent of periodontal disease; any disease affecting the periodontium
3.1.1.33
periodontolysis
process leading to advanced destruction of periodontium
3.1.1.34
osteogenesis
formation of bone or development of bones
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3.1.1.35
odontogenic cyst
primordial cyst
cyst, originated from epithelial cells, usually containing fluid or semi-solid material, and which develops
during various stages of odontogenesis
3.1.1.36
emergence profile
contour of a tooth or restoration, such as a crown on a natural tooth or a dental implant body, as it relates
to the emergence through the soft tissues and bone
3.1.1.37
masticatory system
organs and structures primarily functioning in mastication
3.1.2 Branches of dentistry
3.1.2.1
oral health
DEPRECATED: dental public health
branch of public general health that addresses matters pertaining to the health of the oral cavity and
adjacent tissues of the cranio-facial complex
3.1.2.2
1)
dentistry
science of preventing, diagnosing and treating diseases and malfunctions of, and injuries to, the teeth,
mouth and jaws, and of replacing lost teeth and associated tissues and promoting oral health
3.1.2.3
dental education
all forms of education that contribute to the development of the knowledge and skills required for the
practice of dentistry
3.1.2.4
oral health programme
activity planned to improve the oral health of the community
3.1.2.5
oral status and intervention index
OSI index
index that classifies the oral status and the relating interventions needed, on a ten-point scale from 0
(good health, no need for treatment) to 9 (complicated, invasive and costly care needed)
3.1.2.6
preventive dentistry
that part of dentistry concerned with promoting oral health and function by preventing or reducing
the onset and/or development of oral diseases or deformities and the occurrence of orofacial injuries
3.1.2.7
community dentistry
public health dentistry
that part of dentistry concerned with oral health in relation to the general health of the community
3.1.2.8
cariology
that part of dentistry concerned with aetiology, pathology, and prevention of dental caries
1) The designation of “dentistry” can vary according to the legal usage of the term in the country concerned.
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3.1.2.9
conservative dentistry GB
that part of dentistry concerned with the treatment and restoration of individual teeth
3.1.2.10
conservative dentistry US
dental treatment intended to cause the least possible destruction of oral tissues
3.1.2.11
paedodontic dentistry GB
pediatric dentistry US
paedodontics GB
DEPRECATED: pedodontics US
branch of dentistry concerned with children including the diagnosis, treatment, prevention of oral
anomalies, other conditions and injuries
3.1.2.12
orthodontics
that part of dentistry concerned with the study of craniofacial growth and development, and the
treatment or prevention of malocclusions and other dentofacial anomalies
3.1.2.13
operative dentistry
that part of dentistry that focus on the restoration of hard tissues of teeth to normal function and
aesthetics that may have been compromised by disease, trauma or acquired or non-acquired anomalies
3.1.2.14
endodontics
that part of dentistry concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of the diseases of the pulp and the
contiguous periapical tissues
3.1.2.15
periodontics
periodontology
DEPRECATED: periodontia
that part of dentistry concerned with the study, prevention, and treatment of diseases affecting the
periodontium
3.1.2.16
prosthodontics
that part of dentistry that is concerned with the functional and aesthetic rehabilitation of the masticatory
system by artificial replacement of missing teeth and associated tissues
3.1.2.17
forensic dentistry
forensic odontology US
that part of dentistry which deals with the examination, interpretation and presentation of dental and
oral evidence for legal purposes
3.1.3 Clinical concepts
3.1.3.1
intraoral radiography
radiography whereby the image receptor is positioned intraorally
3.1.3.2
impacted tooth
tooth in a state of partial or total impeded eruption
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3.1.3.3
mastication
process of chewing food in preparation for swallowing and digestion
3.1.3.4
occlusion
static and dynamic relationship between the contacting surfaces of the mandibular and maxillary teeth
or tooth analogues
3.1.3.5
mottling
uneven patches in enamel or dentine associated with the clinical crown appearing on natural teeth; or
similar patches intentionally placed on surfaces of artificial teeth.
3.1.3.6
tooth erosion
dental erosion
progressive loss of calcified dental tissue by chemical processes that do not involve bacterial action
3.1.3.7
dentine conditioning
modifying a dentine surface by means of chemical substances or other treatment
3.1.3.8
indirect pulp capping
dressing for conserving the vitality of the pulp of a tooth infected with a penetrating carious lesion, the
complete excision of which could result in exposure of the pulp
3.1.3.9
direct pulp capping
dressing of an exposed pulp with the aim of maintaining pulpal vitality
3.1.3.10
pulpotomy
DEPRECATED: pulp amputation
surgical removal of a portion of the pulp with the aim of maintaining the vitality of the remaining
portion by means of adequate dressing
3.1.3.11
pulpectomy
vital pulp extirpation
complete surgical removal of the vital pulp
3.1.3.12
anchorage
configuration or preparation suitable for the retention or support of a dental prosthesis or orthodontic
appliance
3.1.3.13
tooth-borne fixed prosthesis
fixed prosthesis
dental prosthesis, not removable by the patient, in which resistance to displacement is provided entirely
by the teeth or dental implant(s) to which it is fixed
3.1.3.14
Ante’s law
principle which, as applicable to
— fixed or removable partial prosthodontics, states that the combined pericemental area of all
abutment teeth supporting a partial denture should be equal to or greater in pericemental area
than the tooth or teeth to be replaced, or
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— to dental implantology, states that bone contacting the surface of the teeth being replaced should
approximate 1/2 of the periodontal ligament surface area of the teeth being replaced
3.1.3.15
dental caries
biofilm-mediated, sugar-driven, multifactorial, dynamic disease that occurs when the net balance of
the phasic demineralization and remineralization of dental hard tissues favours demimeralization
3.1.3.16
caries process
dynamic sequence of biofilm-tooth interactions which can occur over time on and within a tooth surface
leading to dental caries
3.1.3.17
caries lesion
change in the tooth structure that results from the caries process
3.1.3.18
caries lesion detection
carious lesion detection
examination by visual or any other relevant means of the tooth structure to detect caries lesions
3.1.3.19
caries lesion assessment
carious lesion assessment
evaluation of the characteristics of a caries lesion
3.1.3.20
caries diagnosis
human professional summation of all the signs and symptoms of disease to arrive at an identification of
the past or present occurrence of the disease caries
3.1.3.21
caries lesion severity
stage of lesion progression along the spectrum of net mineral loss, from the initial loss at a molecular
level to total tissue destruction
3.1.3.22
white-spot lesion
caries lesion severity where the net subsurface mineral loss has produced changes in the optical
properties of enamel such that these are visibly detectable as a loss of translucency, resulting in a white
appearance of the enamel surface
3.1.3.23
brown-spot lesion
caries lesion severity where the net subsurface mineral loss in conjunction with the acquisition of
intrinsic or exogenous pigments has produced changes in the optical properties of enamel such that
these are visibly detectable as a loss of translucency and a brown discolouration, resulting in a brown
appearance of the enamel surface
3.1.3.24
non-cavitated lesion
caries lesion whose surface appears macroscopically to be intact
3.1.3.25
microcavity
microcavitation
initial caries lesion within an occlusal surface which has lost its original contour and integrity, without
the formation of a clinico-visually distinct cavity
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3.1.3.26
cavity
cavitated lesion
caries lesion with a surface which is not macroscopically intact, with a distinct discontinuity or break in
the surface integrity, as determined using optical or tactile means.
3.1.3.27
demineralization
loss of calcified material from the structure of the tooth
3.1.3.28
remineralization
net gain of calcified material within the tooth structure, replacing that which was previously lost by
demineralization
3.1.3.29
caries lesion activity
summation of the dynamics of the caries process resulting in the net loss, over time, of mineral from a
caries lesion i.e. there is active lesion progression
3.1.3.30
active caries lesion
caries lesion, from which, over a specified period of time, there is net mineral loss i.e. the lesion is
progressing
3.1.3.31
caries lesion behaviour
changes, if any, occurring in the status of a lesion over time in response to the balance between
demineralization and remineralization
3.1.3.32
arrested or inactive caries lesion
lesion which is not undergoing net mineral loss i.e. the caries process in a specific location is no longer
progressing
3.1.3.33
caries lesion regression
net gain of calcified material to the structure of a caries lesion, replacing that which was previously lost
by caries demineralization
3.1.3.34
caries lesion prognosis
likely future behaviour of a specific caries lesion, over a specified time -period, as assessed by a clinician
– taking into account the summation of the multiple factors impacting on the possible progression,
arrest or regression of the lesion
3.1.4 Devices and occupational concepts
3.1.4.1
dentist
person licensed by a regulatory body to practise dentistry
3.1.4.2
dental surgery GB
dental operatory US
room or workspace within the dental office where oral health professionals provide dental treatment
3.1.4.3
working area of the oral health care provider
space organized around the dentist and equipped for positioning and treatment of the patient
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3.1.4.4
dental technician
DEPRECATED: dental laboratory technician
qualified professional competent to perform dental laboratory work under the prescription of the dentist
3.1.4.5
dental laboratory
facility where dental technical procedures complementing dental clinical treatment are carried out
3.1.4.6
hybrid layer
resin-reinforced dentine layer created by the intermixture of polymerized adhesive resin monomers
and dentine collagen
3.1.4.7
dental device
any instrument, apparatus, appliance, software, material or other article, whether used alone or in
combination, including the software necessary for its proper application, intended by the manufacturer
...
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