F42.05 - Materials and Processes

ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the requirements for additive manufacturing of stainless steel alloy (UNS S31603) components by means of laser and electron beam-based full melt powder bed fusion processes. The components produced by these processes are typically used in applications that require mechanical properties similar to machined forgings and wrought products. Components manufactured to this specification are often, but not necessarily, post processed via machining, grinding, electrical discharge machining (EDM), polishing, and so forth to achieve desired surface finish and critical dimensions.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers additive manufacturing of UNS S31603 components by means of laser and electron beam-based full melt powder bed fusion processes. The components produced by these processes are used typically in applications that require mechanical properties similar to machined forgings and wrought products. Components manufactured to this specification are often, but not necessarily, post processed via machining, grinding, electrical discharge machining (EDM), polishing, and so forth to achieve desired surface finish and critical dimensions.  
1.2 This specification is intended for the use of purchasers or producers, or both, of additively manufactured UNS S31603 components for defining the requirements and ensuring component properties.  
1.3 Users are advised to use this specification as a basis for obtaining components that will meet the minimum acceptance requirements established and revised by consensus of the members of the committee.  
1.4 User requirements considered more stringent may be met by the addition to the purchase order of one or more supplementary requirements, which may include, but are not limited to, those listed in Supplementary Requirements S1–S16.  
1.5 The compositional requirements specified in this specification do not meet the compositional requirements for surgical implant grade UNS S31673.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Other units are included only for informational purposes.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This guide applies to directed energy deposition (DED) systems and processes, including electron beam, laser beam, and arc plasma based systems, as well as applicable material systems.  
5.2 Directed energy deposition (DED) systems have the following general collection of characteristics: ability to process large build volumes (>1000 mm3), ability to process at relatively high deposition rates, use of articulated energy sources, efficient energy utilization (electron beam and arc plasma), strong energy coupling to feedstock (electron beam and arc plasma), feedstock delivered directly to the melt pool, ability to deposit directly onto existing components, and potential to change chemical composition within a build to produce functionally graded materials. Feedstock for DED is delivered to the melt pool in coordination with the energy source, and the deposition head (typically) indexes up from the build surface with each successive layer.  
5.3 Although DED systems can be used to apply a surface cladding, such use does not fit the current definition of AM. Cladding consists of applying a uniform buildup of material on a surface. To be considered AM, a computer aided design (CAD) file of the build features is converted into section cuts representing each layer of material to be deposited. The DED machine then builds up material, layer-by-layer, so material is only applied where required to produce a part, add a feature or make a repair.  
5.4 DED has the ability to produce relatively large parts requiring minimal tooling and relatively little secondary processing. In addition, DED processes can be used to produce components with composition gradients, or hybrid structures consisting of multiple materials having different compositions and structures. DED processes are also commonly used for component repair and feature addition.  
5.5 Fig. 1 gives a general guide as to the relative capabilities of the main DED processes compared to others currently used for meta...
SCOPE
1.1 Directed Energy Deposition (DED) is used for repair, rapid prototyping and low volume part fabrication. This document is intended to serve as a guide for defining the technology application space and limits, DED system set-up considerations, machine operation, process documentation, work practices, and available system and process monitoring technologies.  
1.2 DED is an additive manufacturing process in which focused thermal energy is used to fuse materials by melting as they are being deposited.  
1.3 DED Systems comprise multiple categories of machines using laser beam (LB), electron beam (EB), or arc plasma energy sources. Feedstock typically comprises either powder or wire. Deposition typically occurs either under inert gas (arc systems or laser) or in vacuum (EB systems). Although these are the predominant methods employed in practice, the use of other energy sources, feedstocks and atmospheres may also fall into this category.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. All units of measure included in this guide are accepted for use with the SI.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The overall aim of this guide is to support AM users with the selection of the optimum re-use strategy for their AM process and end-use application, and provide guidance on how to implement re-use strategies in their organization.  
4.2 This guide suggests possible control measures that AM users can use to maintain powder quality, and factors to consider when validating selected re-use strategies, including guidance on sampling techniques.  
4.3 This guide is intended for metal powders used in Powder Bed Fusion processes.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide:  
1.1.1 Defines key powder re-use variables and factors affecting powder re-use strategies.  
1.1.2 Outlines implications associated with implementation of powder re-use strategies based on selection of powder re-use variables and factors.  
1.1.3 Provides guidance to AM users in selection of factors in powder re-use variables depending on considered material type, AM process type and end-use application.  
1.1.4 Provides guidance on key process variables affecting powder properties, and considerations to mitigate their effects.  
1.1.5 Identifies key powder properties that may be affected by powder re-use and provides AM users guidance on control measures that can be exploited to ensure quality of re-used powder.  
1.1.6 Provides recommendations and guidance on factors to consider when implementing powder re-use strategies.  
1.1.7 Provides information on how to design a powder re-use study to validate the selected re-use variables.  
1.1.8 Summarizes sampling techniques and provides recommendations to AM users on sampling technique selection, and suitability of sampling techniques for powder re-use strategies.  
1.1.9 Provides factors to consider when designing a powder sampling study to validate the selected sampling technique.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard units. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers additive manufacturing of parts via full-melt laser beam powder bed fusion (PBF-LB) processing of maraging steel alloys. Parts made using this processing method are typically used in applications that require mechanical properties similar to wrought products, either as fabricated or heat treated. Products built to this specification may require additional post-processing in the form of machining, polishing, etc., to meet necessary surface finish and dimensional requirements.  
1.2 Maraging steel (MS) is a class of precipitation hardened steel, where aging heat treatment is used to form precipitates and, consequently, achieve significantly increased hardness and strength. This specification focuses specifically on 300 grade maraging steel, which corresponds to UNS K93120 and EN1.2709. MS grade 300 has higher concentrations of cobalt and titanium than lower grades.  
1.3 This specification is intended for the use of purchasers or producers, or both, of additively manufactured maraging steel parts for defining the requirements and ensuring part properties.  
1.4 Users are advised to use this specification as a basis for obtaining parts that will meet the minimum acceptance requirements established and revised by consensus of committee members.  
1.5 User requirements considered more stringent may be met by the addition to the purchase order of one or more supplementary requirements, which include, but are not limited to, those listed in Supplementary Requirements in Sections S1 to S3.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. All units of measure included in this guide are accepted for use with the SI.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification defines the requirements for additive manufacturing of nickel alloy (UNS N06625) using full-melt powder bed fusion such as electron beam melting and laser melting. The standard may be used by purchasers and producers of additively manufactured UNS N06625 components to specify the requirements and ensure component properties, and by users to obtain components that will satisfy the minimum acceptance requirements. The standard covers terminology and classification as well as the requirements with respect to ordering information, manufacturing plan, feedstock, thermal processing, chemical composition, microstructure, mechanical properties, hot isostatic pressing, dimensions and permissible variations, retests, inspection, rejection, certification, product marking and packaging, maintenance of a quality program, and the significance of numerical limits.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers additively manufactured UNS N06625 components using full-melt powder bed fusion such as electron beam melting and laser melting. The components produced by these processes are used typically in applications that require mechanical properties similar to machined forgings and wrought products. Components manufactured to this specification are often, but not necessarily, post processed via machining, grinding, electrical discharge machining (EDM), polishing, and so forth to achieve desired surface finish and critical dimensions.  
1.2 This specification is intended for the use of purchasers or producers, or both, of additively manufactured UNS N06625 components for defining the requirements and ensuring component properties.  
1.3 Users are advised to use this specification as a basis for obtaining components that will meet the minimum acceptance requirements established and revised by consensus of the members of the committee.  
1.4 User requirements considered more stringent may be met by the addition to the purchase order of one or more supplementary requirements, which may include, but are not limited to, those listed in Supplementary Requirements S1–S16.  
1.5 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification defines the requirements for additive manufacturing of nickel alloy (UNS N07718) using full-melt powder bed fusion such as electron beam melting and laser melting. The standard may be used by purchasers and producers of additively manufactured UNS N07718 components to specify the requirements and ensure component properties, and by users to obtain components that will satisfy the minimum acceptance requirements. The standard covers terminology and classification as well as the requirements with respect to ordering information, manufacturing plan, feedstock, thermal processing, chemical composition, microstructure, mechanical properties, hot isostatic pressing, dimensions and permissible variations, retests, inspection, rejection, certification, product marking and packaging, maintenance of a quality program, and the significance of numerical limits.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers additively manufactured UNS N07718 components using full-melt powder bed fusion such as electron beam melting and laser melting. The components produced by these processes are used typically in applications that require mechanical properties similar to machined forgings and wrought products. Components manufactured to this specification are often, but not necessarily, post processed via machining, grinding, electrical discharge machining (EDM), polishing, and so forth to achieve desired surface finish and critical dimensions.  
1.2 This specification is intended for the use of purchasers or producers, or both, of additively manufactured UNS N07718 components for defining the requirements and ensuring component properties.  
1.3 Users are advised to use this specification as a basis for obtaining components that will meet the minimum acceptance requirements established and revised by consensus of the members of the committee.  
1.4 User requirements considered more stringent may be met by the addition to the purchase order of one or more supplementary requirements, which may include, but are not limited to, those listed in Supplementary Requirements S1–S16.  
1.5 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Determining the properties of the feedstock powder used in these processes is a necessary condition for industry’s confidence in powder selection and ability to produce consistent components with known and predictable properties. The intention of this guide is to provide purchasers, vendors, or producers of metal powder to be used in additive manufacturing processes with a reference for existing standards or variations of existing standards that may be used to characterize properties of metal powders used for additive manufacturing processes. It will serve as a starting point for the future development of a suite of specific standard test methods that will address each individual property or property type that is important to the performance of metal-based additive manufacturing systems and the components produced by them. While the focus of this standard is on metal powder, some of the referenced methods may also be appropriate for non-metal powders.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide introduces the reader to techniques for metal powder characterization that may be useful for powder-based additive manufacturing processes including binder jetting, directed energy deposition, and powder bed fusion. It refers the reader to other, existing standards that may be applicable for the characterization of virgin and used metal powders processed in additive manufacturing systems.2  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification applies to plastic parts that are created using powder bed fusion processes, including unfilled formulations and formulations containing fillers, functional additives (for example, flame retardant), and reinforcements or combinations thereof. The requirements are intended for use by manufacturers of plastic parts using powder bed fusion and for customers procuring such parts. The specification covers process classification, ordering information, materials (material specification and virgin powder), fabrication of test specimens, and material processing. Dimensional tolerances, source inspection, retest and rejection of parts, material and process certification, certification for parts, and identification marking of product are also specified, together with part packaging and package marking. A figure presents the specifications for mechanical testing of powder bed fusion polymer parts.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification describes a method for defining requirements and ensuring component integrity for plastic parts created using powder bed fusion processes. Materials include unfilled formulations and formulations containing fillers, functional additives (for example, flame retardant), and reinforcements or combinations thereof. Processes include all powder bed fusion processes as defined in Terminology F2792.  
1.2 This specification is intended for use by manufacturers of plastic parts using powder bed fusion and for customers procuring such parts.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers additively manufactured titanium-6aluminum-4vanadium (Ti-6Al-4V) components using full-melt powder bed fusion such as electron beam melting and laser melting. It indicates the classifications of the components, the feedstock used to manufacture Class 1, 2, and 3 components, as well as the microstructure of the components. This specification also identifies the mechanical properties, chemical composition, and minimum tensile properties of the components.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers additively manufactured titanium-6aluminum-4vanadium (Ti-6Al-4V) components using full-melt powder bed fusion such as electron beam melting and laser melting. The components produced by these processes are used typically in applications that require mechanical properties similar to machined forgings and wrought products. Components manufactured to this specification are often, but not necessarily, post processed via machining, grinding, electrical discharge machining (EDM), polishing, and so forth to achieve desired surface finish and critical dimensions.  
1.2 This specification is intended for the use of purchasers or producers, or both, of additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V components for defining the requirements and ensuring component properties.  
1.3 Users are advised to use this specification as a basis for obtaining components that will meet the minimum acceptance requirements established and revised by consensus of the members of the committee.  
1.4 User requirements considered more stringent may be met by the addition to the purchase order of one or more Supplementary Requirements, which may include, but are not limited to, those listed in S1-S16.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the requirements for additively manufactured titanium-6aluminum-4vanadium with extra low interstitials (Ti-6Al-4V ELI) components using full-melt powder bed fusion such as electron beam melting and laser melting. The standard covers the classification of materials, ordering information, manufacturing plan, feedstock, process, chemical composition, microstructure, mechanical properties, thermal processing, hot isostatic pressing, dimensions and mass, permissible variations, retests, inspection, rejection, certification, product marking and packaging, and quality program requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers additively manufactured titanium-6aluminum-4vanadium with extra low interstitials (Ti-6Al-4V ELI) components using full-melt powder bed fusion such as electron beam melting and laser melting. The components produced by these processes are used typically in applications that require mechanical properties similar to machined forgings and wrought products. Components manufactured to this specification are often, but not necessarily, post processed via machining, grinding, electrical discharge machining (EDM), polishing, and so forth to achieve desired surface finish and critical dimensions.  
1.2 This specification is intended for the use of purchasers or producers or both of additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V ELI components for defining the requirements and ensuring component properties.  
1.3 Users are advised to use this specification as a basis for obtaining components that will meet the minimum acceptance requirements established and revised by consensus of the members of the committee.  
1.4 User requirements considered more stringent may be met by the addition to the purchase order of one or more supplementary requirements, which may include, but are not limited to, those listed in S1-S4 and S1-S16 in Specification F2924.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This document defines and specifies requirements for purchased parts made by additive manufacturing.  
1.2 It gives guidelines for the elements to be exchanged between the customer and the part provider at the time of the order, including the customer order information, part definition data, feedstock requirements, final part characteristics and properties, inspection requirements, and part acceptance methods.  
1.3 It is applicable for use as a basis to obtain parts made by additive manufacturing that meet minimum acceptance requirements. More stringent part requirements can be specified through the addition of one or more supplementary requirements at the time of the order.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This guide addresses IQ, OQ, and PQ issues directly related to the AM machine and connected equipment. Physical facility, personnel, process and material issues are only included to the extent necessary to support machine qualification.  
1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the requirements for additive manufacturing of stainless steel alloy (UNS S31603) components by means of laser and electron beam-based full melt powder bed fusion processes. The components produced by these processes are typically used in applications that require mechanical properties similar to machined forgings and wrought products. Components manufactured to this specification are often, but not necessarily, post processed via machining, grinding, electrical discharge machining (EDM), polishing, and so forth to achieve desired surface finish and critical dimensions.
This specification covers Condition A and Condition B components, manufacturing plan, feedstock, processing, chemical composition, mechanical properties, microstructural requirements, thermal post-processing, hot isostatic pressing, retests, inspection and certification, product marking and packaging, and quality program requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers additive manufacturing of UNS S31603 components by means of laser and electron beam-based full melt powder bed fusion processes. The components produced by these processes are used typically in applications that require mechanical properties similar to machined forgings and wrought products. Components manufactured to this specification are often, but not necessarily, post processed via machining, grinding, electrical discharge machining (EDM), polishing, and so forth to achieve desired surface finish and critical dimensions.  
1.2 This specification is intended for the use of purchasers or producers, or both, of additively manufactured UNS S31603 components for defining the requirements and ensuring component properties.  
1.3 Users are advised to use this specification as a basis for obtaining components that will meet the minimum acceptance requirements established and revised by consensus of the members of the committee.  
1.4 User requirements considered more stringent may be met by the addition to the purchase order of one or more supplementary requirements, which may include, but are not limited to, those listed in Supplementary Requirements S1–S16.  
1.5 The compositional requirements specified in this specification do not meet the compositional requirements for surgical implant grade UNS S31673.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Other units are included only for informational purposes.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This guide applies to directed energy deposition (DED) systems and processes, including electron beam, laser beam, and arc plasma based systems, as well as applicable material systems.  
5.2 Directed energy deposition (DED) systems have the following general collection of characteristics: ability to process large build volumes (>1000 mm3), ability to process at relatively high deposition rates, use of articulated energy sources, efficient energy utilization (electron beam and arc plasma), strong energy coupling to feedstock (electron beam and arc plasma), feedstock delivered directly to the melt pool, ability to deposit directly onto existing components, and potential to change chemical composition within a build to produce functionally graded materials. Feedstock for DED is delivered to the melt pool in coordination with the energy source, and the deposition head (typically) indexes up from the build surface with each successive layer.  
5.3 Although DED systems can be used to apply a surface cladding, such use does not fit the current definition of AM. Cladding consists of applying a uniform buildup of material on a surface. To be considered AM, a computer aided design (CAD) file of the build features is converted into section cuts representing each layer of material to be deposited. The DED machine then builds up material, layer-by-layer, so material is only applied where required to produce a part, add a feature or make a repair.  
5.4 DED has the ability to produce relatively large parts requiring minimal tooling and relatively little secondary processing. In addition, DED processes can be used to produce components with composition gradients, or hybrid structures consisting of multiple materials having different compositions and structures. DED processes are also commonly used for component repair and feature addition.  
5.5 Fig. 1 gives a general guide as to the relative capabilities of the main DED processes compared to others currently used for meta...
SCOPE
1.1 Directed Energy Deposition (DED) is used for repair, rapid prototyping and low volume part fabrication. This document is intended to serve as a guide for defining the technology application space and limits, DED system set-up considerations, machine operation, process documentation, work practices, and available system and process monitoring technologies.  
1.2 DED is an additive manufacturing process in which focused thermal energy is used to fuse materials by melting as they are being deposited.  
1.3 DED Systems comprise multiple categories of machines using laser beam (LB), electron beam (EB), or arc plasma energy sources. Feedstock typically comprises either powder or wire. Deposition typically occurs either under inert gas (arc systems or laser) or in vacuum (EB systems). Although these are the predominant methods employed in practice, the use of other energy sources, feedstocks and atmospheres may also fall into this category.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. All units of measure included in this guide are accepted for use with the SI.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification defines the requirements for additive manufacturing of nickel alloy (UNS N07718) using full-melt powder bed fusion such as electron beam melting and laser melting. The standard may be used by purchasers and producers of additively manufactured UNS N07718 components to specify the requirements and ensure component properties, and by users to obtain components that will satisfy the minimum acceptance requirements. The standard covers terminology and classification as well as the requirements with respect to ordering information, manufacturing plan, feedstock, thermal processing, chemical composition, microstructure, mechanical properties, hot isostatic pressing, dimensions and permissible variations, retests, inspection, rejection, certification, product marking and packaging, maintenance of a quality program, and the significance of numerical limits.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers additively manufactured UNS N07718 components using full-melt powder bed fusion such as electron beam melting and laser melting. The components produced by these processes are used typically in applications that require mechanical properties similar to machined forgings and wrought products. Components manufactured to this specification are often, but not necessarily, post processed via machining, grinding, electrical discharge machining (EDM), polishing, and so forth to achieve desired surface finish and critical dimensions.  
1.2 This specification is intended for the use of purchasers or producers, or both, of additively manufactured UNS N07718 components for defining the requirements and ensuring component properties.  
1.3 Users are advised to use this specification as a basis for obtaining components that will meet the minimum acceptance requirements established and revised by consensus of the members of the committee.  
1.4 User requirements considered more stringent may be met by the addition to the purchase order of one or more supplementary requirements, which may include, but are not limited to, those listed in Supplementary Requirements S1–S16.  
1.5 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification applies to plastic parts that are created using powder bed fusion processes, including unfilled formulations and formulations containing fillers, functional additives (for example, flame retardant), and reinforcements or combinations thereof. The requirements are intended for use by manufacturers of plastic parts using powder bed fusion and for customers procuring such parts. The specification covers process classification, ordering information, materials (material specification and virgin powder), fabrication of test specimens, and material processing. Dimensional tolerances, source inspection, retest and rejection of parts, material and process certification, certification for parts, and identification marking of product are also specified, together with part packaging and package marking. A figure presents the specifications for mechanical testing of powder bed fusion polymer parts.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification describes a method for defining requirements and ensuring component integrity for plastic parts created using powder bed fusion processes. Materials include unfilled formulations and formulations containing fillers, functional additives (for example, flame retardant), and reinforcements or combinations thereof. Processes include all powder bed fusion processes as defined in Terminology F2792.  
1.2 This specification is intended for use by manufacturers of plastic parts using powder bed fusion and for customers procuring such parts.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Determining the properties of the feedstock powder used in these processes is a necessary condition for industry’s confidence in powder selection and ability to produce consistent components with known and predictable properties. The intention of this guide is to provide purchasers, vendors, or producers of metal powder to be used in additive manufacturing processes with a reference for existing standards or variations of existing standards that may be used to characterize properties of metal powders used for additive manufacturing processes. It will serve as a starting point for the future development of a suite of specific standard test methods that will address each individual property or property type that is important to the performance of metal-based additive manufacturing systems and the components produced by them. While the focus of this standard is on metal powder, some of the referenced methods may also be appropriate for non-metal powders.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide introduces the reader to techniques for metal powder characterization that may be useful for powder-based additive manufacturing processes including binder jetting, directed energy deposition, and powder bed fusion. It refers the reader to other, existing standards that may be applicable for the characterization of virgin and used metal powders processed in additive manufacturing systems.2  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification defines the requirements for additive manufacturing of nickel alloy (UNS N07718) using full-melt powder bed fusion such as electron beam melting and laser melting. The standard may be used by purchasers and producers of additively manufactured UNS N07718 components to specify the requirements and ensure component properties, and by users to obtain components that will satisfy the minimum acceptance requirements. The standard covers terminology and classification as well as the requirements with respect to ordering information, manufacturing plan, feedstock, thermal processing, chemical composition, microstructure, mechanical properties, hot isostatic pressing, dimensions and permissible variations, retests, inspection, rejection, certification, product marking and packaging, maintenance of a quality program, and the significance of numerical limits.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers additively manufactured UNS N07718 components using full-melt powder bed fusion such as electron beam melting and laser melting. The components produced by these processes are used typically in applications that require mechanical properties similar to machined forgings and wrought products. Components manufactured to this specification are often, but not necessarily, post processed via machining, grinding, electrical discharge machining (EDM), polishing, and so forth to achieve desired surface finish and critical dimensions.  
1.2 This specification is intended for the use of purchasers or producers, or both, of additively manufactured UNS N07718 components for defining the requirements and ensuring component properties.  
1.3 Users are advised to use this specification as a basis for obtaining components that will meet the minimum acceptance requirements established and revised by consensus of the members of the committee.  
1.4 User requirements considered more stringent may be met by the addition to the purchase order of one or more supplementary requirements, which may include, but are not limited to, those listed in Supplementary Requirements S1–S16.  
1.5 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers additively manufactured titanium-6aluminum-4vanadium (Ti-6Al-4V) components using full-melt powder bed fusion such as electron beam melting and laser melting. It indicates the classifications of the components, the feedstock used to manufacture Class 1, 2, and 3 components, as well as the microstructure of the components. This specification also identifies the mechanical properties, chemical composition, and minimum tensile properties of the components.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers additively manufactured titanium-6aluminum-4vanadium (Ti-6Al-4V) components using full-melt powder bed fusion such as electron beam melting and laser melting. The components produced by these processes are used typically in applications that require mechanical properties similar to machined forgings and wrought products. Components manufactured to this specification are often, but not necessarily, post processed via machining, grinding, electrical discharge machining (EDM), polishing, and so forth to achieve desired surface finish and critical dimensions.  
1.2 This specification is intended for the use of purchasers or producers, or both, of additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V components for defining the requirements and ensuring component properties.  
1.3 Users are advised to use this specification as a basis for obtaining components that will meet the minimum acceptance requirements established and revised by consensus of the members of the committee.  
1.4 User requirements considered more stringent may be met by the addition to the purchase order of one or more Supplementary Requirements, which may include, but are not limited to, those listed in S1-S16.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification defines the requirements for additive manufacturing of nickel alloy (UNS N06625) using full-melt powder bed fusion such as electron beam melting and laser melting. The standard may be used by purchasers and producers of additively manufactured UNS N06625 components to specify the requirements and ensure component properties, and by users to obtain components that will satisfy the minimum acceptance requirements. The standard covers terminology and classification as well as the requirements with respect to ordering information, manufacturing plan, feedstock, thermal processing, chemical composition, microstructure, mechanical properties, hot isostatic pressing, dimensions and permissible variations, retests, inspection, rejection, certification, product marking and packaging, maintenance of a quality program, and the significance of numerical limits.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers additively manufactured UNS N06625 components using full-melt powder bed fusion such as electron beam melting and laser melting. The components produced by these processes are used typically in applications that require mechanical properties similar to machined forgings and wrought products. Components manufactured to this specification are often, but not necessarily, post processed via machining, grinding, electrical discharge machining (EDM), polishing, and so forth to achieve desired surface finish and critical dimensions.  
1.2 This specification is intended for the use of purchasers or producers, or both, of additively manufactured UNS N06625 components for defining the requirements and ensuring component properties.  
1.3 Users are advised to use this specification as a basis for obtaining components that will meet the minimum acceptance requirements established and revised by consensus of the members of the committee.  
1.4 User requirements considered more stringent may be met by the addition to the purchase order of one or more supplementary requirements, which may include, but are not limited to, those listed in Supplementary Requirements S1–S16.  
1.5 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers additively manufactured UNS N07718 components using full-melt powder bed fusion such as electron beam melting and laser melting. The components produced by these processes are used typically in applications that require mechanical properties similar to machined forgings and wrought products. Components manufactured to this specification are often, but not necessarily, post processed via machining, grinding, electrical discharge machining (EDM), polishing, and so forth to achieve desired surface finish and critical dimensions.  
1.2 This specification is intended for the use of purchasers or producers, or both, of additively manufactured UNS N07718 components for defining the requirements and ensuring component properties.  
1.3 Users are advised to use this specification as a basis for obtaining components that will meet the minimum acceptance requirements established and revised by consensus of the members of the committee.  
1.4 User requirements considered more stringent may be met by the addition to the purchase order of one or more supplementary requirements, which may include, but are not limited to, those listed in Supplementary Requirements S1–S16.  
1.5 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification defines the requirements for additive manufacturing of nickel alloy (UNS N06625) using full-melt powder bed fusion such as electron beam melting and laser melting. The standard may be used by purchasers and producers of additively manufactured UNS N06625 components to specify the requirements and ensure component properties, and by users to obtain components that will satisfy the minimum acceptance requirements. The standard covers terminology and classification as well as the requirements with respect to ordering information, manufacturing plan, feedstock, thermal processing, chemical composition, microstructure, mechanical properties, hot isostatic pressing, dimensions and permissible variations, retests, inspection, rejection, certification, product marking and packaging, maintenance of a quality program, and the significance of numerical limits.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers additively manufactured UNS N06625 components using full-melt powder bed fusion such as electron beam melting and laser melting. The components produced by these processes are used typically in applications that require mechanical properties similar to machined forgings and wrought products. Components manufactured to this specification are often, but not necessarily, post processed via machining, grinding, electrical discharge machining (EDM), polishing, and so forth to achieve desired surface finish and critical dimensions.  
1.2 This specification is intended for the use of purchasers or producers, or both, of additively manufactured UNS N06625 components for defining the requirements and ensuring component properties.  
1.3 Users are advised to use this specification as a basis for obtaining components that will meet the minimum acceptance requirements established and revised by consensus of the members of the committee.  
1.4 User requirements considered more stringent may be met by the addition to the purchase order of one or more supplementary requirements, which may include, but are not limited to, those listed in Supplementary Requirements S1–S16.  
1.5 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the requirements for additively manufactured titanium-6aluminum-4vanadium with extra low interstitials (Ti-6Al-4V ELI) components using full-melt powder bed fusion such as electron beam melting and laser melting. The standard covers the classification of materials, ordering information, manufacturing plan, feedstock, process, chemical composition, microstructure, mechanical properties, thermal processing, hot isostatic pressing, dimensions and mass, permissible variations, retests, inspection, rejection, certification, product marking and packaging, and quality program requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers additively manufactured titanium-6aluminum-4vanadium with extra low interstitials (Ti-6Al-4V ELI) components using full-melt powder bed fusion such as electron beam melting and laser melting. The components produced by these processes are used typically in applications that require mechanical properties similar to machined forgings and wrought products. Components manufactured to this specification are often, but not necessarily, post processed via machining, grinding, electrical discharge machining (EDM), polishing, and so forth to achieve desired surface finish and critical dimensions.  
1.2 This specification is intended for the use of purchasers or producers or both of additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V ELI components for defining the requirements and ensuring component properties.  
1.3 Users are advised to use this specification as a basis for obtaining components that will meet the minimum acceptance requirements established and revised by consensus of the members of the committee.  
1.4 User requirements considered more stringent may be met by the addition to the purchase order of one or more supplementary requirements, which may include, but are not limited to, those listed in S1-S4 and S1-S16 in Specification F2924.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the requirements for additively manufactured titanium-6aluminum-4vanadium with extra low interstitials (Ti-6Al-4V ELI) components using full-melt powder bed fusion such as electron beam melting and laser melting. The standard covers the classification of materials, ordering information, manufacturing plan, feedstock, process, chemical composition, microstructure, mechanical properties, thermal processing, hot isostatic pressing, dimensions and mass, permissible variations, retests, inspection, rejection, certification, product marking and packaging, and quality program requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers additively manufactured titanium-6aluminum-4vanadium with extra low interstitials (Ti-6Al-4V ELI) components using full-melt powder bed fusion such as electron beam melting and laser melting. The components produced by these processes are used typically in applications that require mechanical properties similar to machined forgings and wrought products. Components manufactured to this specification are often, but not necessarily, post processed via machining, grinding, electrical discharge machining (EDM), polishing, and so forth to achieve desired surface finish and critical dimensions.  
1.2 This specification is intended for the use of purchasers or producers or both of additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V ELI components for defining the requirements and ensuring component properties.  
1.3 Users are advised to use this specification as a basis for obtaining components that will meet the minimum acceptance requirements established and revised by consensus of the members of the committee.  
1.4 User requirements considered more stringent may be met by the addition to the purchase order of one or more supplementary requirements, which may include, but are not limited to, those listed in S1-S4 and S1-S12 in Specification F2924.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers additively manufactured titanium-6aluminum-4vanadium (Ti-6Al-4V) components using full-melt powder bed fusion such as electron beam melting and laser melting. The components produced by these processes are used typically in applications that require mechanical properties similar to machined forgings and wrought products. Components manufactured to this specification are often, but not necessarily, post processed via machining, grinding, electrical discharge machining (EDM), polishing, and so forth to achieve desired surface finish and critical dimensions.  
1.2 This specification is intended for the use of purchasers or producers, or both, of additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V components for defining the requirements and ensuring component properties.  
1.3 Users are advised to use this specification as a basis for obtaining components that will meet the minimum acceptance requirements established and revised by consensus of the members of the committee.  
1.4 User requirements considered more stringent may be met by the addition to the purchase order of one or more Supplementary Requirements, which may include, but are not limited to, those listed in S1-S12.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers additively manufactured titanium-6aluminum-4vanadium (Ti-6Al-4V) components using full-melt powder bed fusion such as electron beam melting and laser melting. It indicates the classifications of the components, the feedstock used to manufacture Class 1, 2, and 3 components, as well as the microstructure of the components. This specification also identifies the mechanical properties, chemical composition, and minimum tensile properties of the components.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers additively manufactured titanium-6aluminum-4vanadium (Ti-6Al-4V) components using full-melt powder bed fusion such as electron beam melting and laser melting. The components produced by these processes are used typically in applications that require mechanical properties similar to machined forgings and wrought products. Components manufactured to this specification are often, but not necessarily, post processed via machining, grinding, electrical discharge machining (EDM), polishing, and so forth to achieve desired surface finish and critical dimensions.
1.2 This specification is intended for the use of purchasers or producers, or both, of additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V components for defining the requirements and ensuring component properties.
1.3 Users are advised to use this specification as a basis for obtaining components that will meet the minimum acceptance requirements established and revised by consensus of the members of the committee.
1.4 User requirements considered more stringent may be met by the addition to the purchase order of one or more Supplementary Requirements, which may include, but are not limited to, those listed in S1-S11.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.