ASTM D6798-02(2013)e1

Standard Terminology Relating to Flax and Linen

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology covers definitions of technical terms related to flax and linen.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Jun-2013
• ICS: 01.040.59 - Textile and leather technology (Vocabularies)
• ICS: 59.060.10 - Natural fibres
• Technical Committee: D13 - Textiles
• Drafting Committee: D13.17 - Bast Fibers and Plants

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D6798-02(2013) - Standard Terminology Relating to Flax and Linen
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2013
• Replaced By: ASTM D6798-02(2013)e2 - Standard Terminology Relating to Flax and Linen
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2013
• Referred By: ASTM D6961/D6961M-09(2021) - Standard Test Method for Color Measurement of Flax Fiber
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2013
• Referred By: ASTM D7076-10(2021)e1 - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Shives in Retted Flax
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2013
• Referred By: ASTM D7879-13(2018) - Standard Test Method for Determining Flax Fiber Widths Using Image Analysis
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2013
• Referred By: ASTM D123-23 - Standard Terminology Relating to Textiles
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2013
• Referred By: ASTM D7025-09(2021)e1 - Standard Test Method for Assessing Clean Flax Fiber Fineness
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2013
• Referred By: ASTM D8171-18 - Standard Test Methods for Density Determination of Flax Fiber
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2013

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
´1
Designation: D6798 − 02(Reapproved 2013)
Standard Terminology Relating to
Flax and Linen
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6798; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—The term “average fiber width” was added editorially in September 2014.
1. Scope de-seeding, v—in flax, the process of removing seeds and
seed-holding structures from plants.
1.1 This terminology covers definitions of technical terms
related to flax and linen.
fiber bundle, n— in flax, group of ultimate fibers which are
held together in the flax stem by pectins, lignins or any
2. Referenced Documents
combination thereof.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
flax, n—the generic name for plants that are botanically
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
classified as Linum usitatissimum, which are cultivated for
D7879 Test Method for Determining Flax Fiber Widths
seed and/or fiber.
Using Image Analysis
hackling, v—in flax, the process of cleaning and aligning
3. Terminology
long-line fibers to improve fineness and remove non-fibrous
materials and short fibers.
3.1 Definitions:
average fiber width (µm), n—the arithmetic mean width of a
linen, n—a yarn or fabric made solely from flax fibers.
selected group of fibers in a two-dimensional image plane.
DISCUSSION—The selected group of fibers is dependent upon the
linen blend, n—a yarn or fabric made from a combination of
capturing device and software parameters as set by the opeator. D7879
flax and other fibers.
bast fibers, n— in flax stems, fibers found in the layer of
long line, n—in flax, flax fiber bundles that have a minimum
phloem of the flax stem between the inner xylem tissue and
length of 50 cm.
the epidermis tissue.
over-retting, v— in flax, indicates that decomposition has
breaking, v—in flax stems, the crushing of the structure of the
caused excessive deterioration of bast fibers. (See retting and
stem; loosening the bond between the fiber bundles and
underretting)
shives and breaking the shives into short pieces to facilitate
retting, v—in flax, the process of partial biological or chemical
its removal.
decomposition of pectins and other components which bind
combing, v—in flax, the processing of tow so as to produce
the fiber, fiber bundles, and the non-fiber structures, thereby
tops or silver which have the staple length and width suitable
facilitating removal of bast fibers from stems. (See under-
for use in the worsted spinning system.
retting and over-retting)
cottonizing, v— in flax, the processing of flax fiber so as to
scutching, v—the mechanical beating and scraping of flax
make it suitable for use in the cotton spinning system.
straw subsequent to breaking to separate the shives and tow
from the long line flax fiber.
decorticating, v— in flax, the process of mechanically sepa-
rating fiber bundles from straw.
shives, n—the woody pa
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D6798 − 02 (Reapproved 2013) D6798 − 02 (Reapproved 2013)
Standard Terminology Relating to
Flax and Linen
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6798; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—The term “average fiber width” was added editorially in September 2014.
1. Scope
1.1 This terminology covers definitions of technical terms related to flax and linen.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
D7879 Test Method for Determining Flax Fiber Widths Using Image Analysis
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
average fiber width (μm), n—the arithmetic mean width of a selected group of fibers in a two-dimensional image plane.
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.17 on Flax and Linen.
Current edition approved July 1, 2013. Published September 2013. Originally approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D6798 – 02(2007). DOI:
10.1520/D6798-02R13.10.1520/D6798-02R13E01.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
DISCUSSION—
The selected group of fibers is dependent upon the capturing device and software parameters as set by the opeator. D7879
bast fibers, n— in flax stems, fibers found in the layer of phloem of the flax stem between the inner xylem tissue and the epidermis
tissue.
breaking, v—in flax stems, the crushing of the structure of the stem; loosening the bond between the fiber bundles and shives and
breaking the shives into short pieces to facilitate its removal.
combing, v—in flax, the processing of tow so as to produce tops or silver which have the staple length and width suitable for use
in the worsted spinning system.
cottonizing, v— in flax, the processing of flax fiber so as to make it suitable for use in the cotton spinning system.
decorticating, v— in flax, the process of mechanically separating fiber bundles from straw.
de-seeding, v—in flax, the process of removing seeds and seed-holding structures from plants.
fiber bundle, n— in flax, group of ultimate fibers which are held together in the flax stem by pectins, lignins or any combination
thereof.
flax, n—the generic name for plants that are botanically classified as Linum usitatissimum, which are cultivated for seed and/or
fiber.
hackling, v—in flax, the process of cleaning and aligning long-line fibers to improve fineness and remove non-fibrous materials
and short fibers.
linen, n—a yarn or fabric made solely from flax fi
...