EN 15234-2:2012

Solid biofuels - Fuel quality assurance - Part 2: Wood pellets for non-industrial use

This European Standard defines the procedures to fulfil the quality requirements (quality control) and describes measures to ensure adequate confidence that the wood pellet specification described in
EN 14961-2 is fulfilled (quality assurance). This European Standard covers the production and delivery chain, from purchasing of raw materials to point of delivery to the end-user.
This European standard covers only quality assurance for wood pellets produced from the woody biomasses stated in EN 14961-1:2010, Table 1 and EN 14961-2.

Feste Biobrennstoffe - Qualitätssicherung von Brennstoffen - Teil 2: Holzpellets für nichtindustrielle Verwendung

Diese Europäische Norm legt die Verfahren zur Erfüllung der Qualitätsanforderungen (Qualitätskontrolle) fest und beschreibt Maßnahmen zur Sicherstellung eines angemessenen Vertrauens auf die Einhaltung der in EN 14961 2 beschriebenen Spezifikation für Holzpellets (Qualitätssicherung). Diese Europäische Norm umfasst die gesamte Produktions  und Lieferkette, von der Anlieferung der Rohstoffe bis zum Lieferort beim Endverbraucher.
Diese Europäische Norm umfasst nur die Qualitätssicherung von Holzpellets, die aus der in EN 14961 1:2010, Tabelle 1, und EN 14961 2 angegebenen holzartigen Biomasse hergestellt wurden.

Biocombustibles solides - Assurance qualité du combustible - Partie 2: Granulés de bois densifié à usage non industriel

La présente Norme européenne définit les procédures pour satisfaire aux exigences (contrôle qualité) et décrit les mesures pour garantir que la spécification des granulés de bois densifié décrite dans l’EN 14961-2 est satisfaite (assurance qualité). La présente Norme Européenne couvre la chaîne de production et de livraison, de l’achat des matières premières au point de livraison de l’utilisateur final.
La présente Norme européenne ne couvre que l’assurance qualité des granulés de bois densifié produits à partir de biomasses ligneuses indiquées dans l’EN 14961-1:2010, Tableau 1 et l’EN 14961-2.

Trdna biogoriva - Zagotavljanje kakovosti goriv - 2. del: Lesni peleti za neindustrijsko uporabo

Ta evropski standard določa postopke za izpolnjevanje zahtev za kakovost (nadzor kakovosti) in opisuje ukrepe, s katerimi se zagotovi ustrezno izpolnjevanje specifikacije lesnih peletov iz standarda EN 14961-2 (zagotavljanje kakovosti). Ta evropski standard zajema proizvodno in dobavno verigo, in sicer od nakupa surovin do točke dobave končnemu uporabniku. Ta evropski standard zajema le zagotavljanje kakovosti za lesne pelete, izdelane iz lesnih biomas, navedenih v preglednici 1 v standardu EN 14961-1:2010 in standardu EN 14961-2.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 17-Jan-2012
• Withdrawal Date: 30-Jul-2012
• ICS: 75.160.10 - Solid fuels
• ICS: 75.160.40 - Biofuels
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 335 - Solid biofuels
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 335/WG 2 - Fuel specifications, classes and quality assurance
• Current Stage: 9060 - Closure of 2 Year Review Enquiry - Review Enquiry
• Start Date: 02-Sep-2023
• Completion Date: 02-Sep-2023
• Mandate: M/298 - Mandate to CEN for standardisation in the field of solid biofuels
• Ref Project: SIST EN 15234-2:2012 - Solid biofuels - Fuel quality assurance - Part 2: Wood pellets for non-industrial use

Overview

EN 15234-2:2012 - Solid biofuels: Fuel quality assurance - Part 2: Wood pellets for non‑industrial use (CEN) defines procedures and practical measures to ensure that wood pellets meet the fuel specification given in EN 14961-2. The standard covers the full production and delivery chain - from purchasing raw materials through production, storage, transport and delivery to the end‑user - and applies only to pellets produced from the woody biomasses listed in EN 14961‑1 (Table 1). Its purpose is to provide confidence that specified pellet properties are consistently fulfilled while supporting efficient trade of wood pellets.

Key topics and requirements

• Quality assurance vs. quality control: Describes systems to assure long‑term conformity (QA) and the checks needed during production and handling (QC).
• Supply‑chain scope and traceability: All operators are responsible for traceability of origin and source; documentation must be available on request in line with EN 15234‑1.
• Six‑step QA workflow:
  1. Define final fuel requirements (refer to EN 14961‑2).
  2. Document production and distribution processes.
  3. Identify quality‑influencing factors.
  4. Define Critical Control Points (CCPs).
  5. Select assurance measures (inspection, testing, equipment control).
  6. Establish routines for handling nonconforming materials.
• Process controls and CCP examples: Incoming raw‑material inspection, storage conditions, drying, milling, pelletising, sieving, cooling, packing and loading.
• Measures to assure quality: Visual/sensory inspections, contractual “terms of delivery”, documentation (product declarations, labelling), regular equipment checks, protection from moisture and contamination, separate storage for different quality classes.
• Product declaration and labelling: Guidance and example declarations are given (Annex A).
• Normative references: EN 14588, EN 14961‑1, EN 14961‑2 and EN 15234‑1 are essential for terminology, sampling and specification context.

Practical applications and users

Who benefits:

• Pellet producers and mills - to set up compliant QA/QC systems and CCPs.
• Suppliers, distributors and retailers - for traceability, storage and transport controls.
• Certification bodies and auditors - to verify conformity to EN 14961‑2 via EN 15234‑2 procedures.
• Facility operators and installers of small commercial and domestic pellet appliances - for correct fuel specification and handling. Practical uses:
• Implementing contractual quality terms, routine inspections and corrective actions.
• Designing documentation and labelling to support trade.
• Reducing risk of moisture damage, contamination and off‑spec fuel reaching end users.

Related standards

• EN 15234‑1 (General requirements for fuel quality assurance)
• EN 14961‑1 (Fuel specifications - general)
• EN 14961‑2 (Wood pellets for non‑industrial use - specification)
• EN 14588 (Terminology for solid biofuels)

Keywords: EN 15234-2:2012, wood pellets, fuel quality assurance, EN 14961-2, solid biofuels, quality control, traceability, CEN.

Standards Content (Sample)

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Trdna biogoriva - Zagotavljanje kakovosti goriv - 2. del: Lesni peleti za neindustrijsko uporaboFeste Biobrennstoffe - Qualitätssicherung von Brennstoffen - Teil 2: Holzpellets für nichtindustrielle VerwendungBiocombustibles solides - Assurance qualité du combustible - Partie 2: Granulés de bois densifié à usage non industrielSolid biofuels - Fuel quality assurance - Part 2: Wood pellets for non-industrial use75.160.10Trda gorivaSolid fuelsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 15234-2:2012SIST EN 15234-2:2012en,fr,de01-marec-2012SIST EN 15234-2:2012SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 15234-2
January 2012 ICS 75.160.10 English Version
Solid biofuels - Fuel quality assurance - Part 2: Wood pellets for non-industrial use
Biocombustibles solides - Assurance qualité du combustible - Partie 2: Granulés de bois densifié à usage non industriel
Feste Biobrennstoffe - Qualitätssicherung von Brennstoffen - Teil 2: Holzpellets für nichtindustrielle Verwendung This European Standard was approved by CEN on 27 November 2011.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 15234-2:2012: ESIST EN 15234-2:2012

Examples of product declarations . 13Annex B (informative)
A-deviations . 15Bibliography . 16 SIST EN 15234-2:2012

NOTE In these product standards, non-industrial use means - use in smaller scale appliances, such as in households, in small commercial and public sector buildings. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. SIST EN 15234-2:2012

dry (dry basis) ar as received w-% weight-percentage A designation for ash content, Ad [w-%, dry basis]1) BD designation for bulk density as received [kg/m3]1) D designation for diameter as received, D [mm]1) DU designation for mechanical durability as received [w-%]1) F designation for amount of fines as received [w-%, particles less than 3,15 mm] L designation for length as received, L [mm]1) M designation for moisture content as received in wet basis, Mar [w-%]1) Q designation for net calorific value as received, qp,net,ar [MJ/kg or kWh/kg or MWh/t] at constant pressure1) NOTE 1 MJ/kg equals 0,277 8 kWh/kg (1 kWh/kg equals 1 MWh/t and 1 MWh/t is 3,6 MJ/kg). 1 g/cm3 equals 1 kg/dm3. 5 Quality assurance and quality control measures 5.1 General Quality assurance and control aim to provide confidence that a stable quality is continually achieved in accordance with the customer requirements. It means that specified requirements are fulfilled, but it does not necessarily mean a high quality but a steady and continually achieved quality in accordance with the customer´s requirements. The customer is the next operator in the supply chain. Customer requirements include not only the fuel quality, but also the quality of the company’s performance, such as documentation (product declaration, labelling of packaging, etc.), timing and logistics (to provide biofuels in time and to agreed performances criteria).
1) Designation symbols are used in combination with a number to specify property levels (see for example Table 1, EN 14961-2:2011). For designation of chemical properties chemical symbols like S (sulphur), Cl (chlorine), N (nitrogen) are used and the value is added at the end of the symbol. SIST EN 15234-2:2012

b) to assure that over a longer term either consistency is being maintained (stability in process results) or that quality improvements are making the intended impact.
5.2 Traceability Wood pellets for non-industrial use shall be specified with EN 14961-2. The origin and source of solid biofuel is specified by Table 1 in EN 14961-1:2010. There are three parts in the supply chain, illustrated in Figure 1.
Figure 1 — Simplified example of a wood pellet supply chain All operators in the supply chain are responsible for the traceability of the origin and source of the material delivered by them. The first operator is responsible for the documents being prepared the first time. The documents shall be available and provided on justified request throughout the entire supply chain according to EN 1
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