EN 15234-4:2012
(Main)Solid biofuels - Fuel quality assurance - Part 4: Wood chips for non-industrial use
Solid biofuels - Fuel quality assurance - Part 4: Wood chips for non-industrial use
This European Standard defines the procedures to fulfil the quality requirements (quality control) and describes measures to ensure adequate confidence that the wood chips specification for non-industrial use as described in EN 14961-4 is fulfilled (quality assurance). This European Standard covers the raw material supply, production and delivery chain, from purchasing of raw materials to point of delivery to the end-user.
This European standard covers only quality assurance for wood chips produced from the woody biomasses stated in EN 14961-1:2010, Table 1 and EN 14961-4.
Feste Biobrennstoffe - Qualitätssicherung von Brennstoffen - Teil 4: Holzhackschnitzel für nichtindustrielle Verwendung
Diese Europäische Norm legt die Verfahren zur Erfüllung der Qualitätsanforderungen (Qualitätskontrolle) fest und beschreibt Maßnahmen zur Sicherstellung eines angemessenen Vertrauens auf die Einhaltung der in EN 14961 4 beschriebenen Spezifikation für Holzhackschnitzel für nichtindustrielle Verwendung (Qualitäts-sicherung). Diese Europäische Norm umfasst die gesamte Rohstoffbereitstellungs , Produktions und Lieferkette, von der Anlieferung der Rohstoffe bis zum Lieferort beim Endverbraucher.
Diese Europäische Norm umfasst nur die Qualitätssicherung von Holzhackschnitzeln, die aus der in EN 14961 1:2010, Tabelle 1, und in EN 14961 4 angegebenen holzartigen Biomasse hergestellt wurden.
Biocombustibles solides - Assurance qualité du combustible - Partie 4: Plaquettes de bois à usage non industriel
La présente Norme européenne définit les procédures pour satisfaire aux exigences (contrôle qualité) et décrit les mesures pour garantir que la spécification des plaquettes de bois à usage non industriel décrite dans l’EN 14961-4 est satisfaite (assurance qualité). La présente Norme Européenne couvre la chaîne des matières premières, la chaîne de production et de livraison, de l’achat des matières premières au point de livraison de l’utilisateur final.
La présente Norme européenne ne couvre que l’assurance qualité des plaquettes de bois produites à partir de biomasses ligneuses indiquées dans l’EN 14961-1:2010, Tableau 1 et l’EN 14961-4.
Trdna biogoriva - Zagotavljanje kakovosti goriv - 4. del: Lesni sekanci za neindustrijsko uporabo
Ta evropski standard določa postopke za izpolnjevanje zahtev za kakovost (nadzor kakovosti) in opisuje ukrepe, s katerimi se zagotovi ustrezno izpolnjevanje specifikacije lesnih sekancev za neindustrijsko uporabo iz standarda EN 14961-4 (zagotavljanje kakovosti). Ta evropski standard zajema dobavo surovin ter proizvodno in dobavno verigo, in sicer od nakupa surovin do točke dobave končnemu uporabniku. Ta evropski standard zajema le zagotavljanje kakovosti za lesne sekance, izdelane iz lesnih biomas, navedenih v preglednici 1 v standardu EN 14961-1:2010 in standardu EN 14961-4.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Trdna biogoriva - Zagotavljanje kakovosti goriv - 4. del: Lesni sekanci za neindustrijsko uporaboFeste Biobrennstoffe - Qualitätssicherung von Brennstoffen - Teil 4: Holzhackschnitzel für nichtindustrielle VerwendungBiocombustibles solides - Assurance qualité du combustible - Partie 4: Plaquettes de bois à usage non industrielSolid biofuels - Fuel quality assurance - Part 4: Wood chips for non-industrial use75.160.10Trda gorivaSolid fuelsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 15234-4:2012SIST EN 15234-4:2012en,fr,de01-marec-2012SIST EN 15234-4:2012SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 15234-4
January 2012 ICS 75.160.10 English Version
Solid biofuels - Fuel quality assurance - Part 4: Wood chips for non-industrial use
Biocombustibles solides - Assurance qualité du combustible - Partie 4: Plaquettes de bois à usage non industriel
Feste Biobrennstoffe - Qualitätssicherung von Brennstoffen - Teil 4: Holzhackschnitzel für nichtindustrielle VerwendungThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 27 November 2011.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 15234-4:2012: ESIST EN 15234-4:2012
Examples of product declarations . 12Annex B (informative)
A-deviations . 14Bibliography . 15 SIST EN 15234-4:2012
NOTE In these product standards, non-industrial use means - use in smaller scale appliances, such as in households, in small commercial and public sector buildings. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. SIST EN 15234-4:2012
The objective of this European Standard is to serve as a tool to enable the efficient trading of wood chips. Thereby: 1) the end-user can find wood chips that corresponds to its needs; 2) the producer/supplier can produce wood chips with defined and consistent properties and describe the fuel to the customers. Quality assurance measures should establish confidence in the wood chips through systems that are simple to operate and do not cause undue bureaucracy. Wood chips are specified according to EN 14961-4, Solid biofuels Fuel specifications and classes Part 4: Wood chips for non-industrial use.
This European standard covers only quality assurance for wood chips produced from the woody biomasses stated in EN 14961-1:2010, Table 1 and EN 14961-4. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 14588:2010, Solid biofuels Terminology, definitions and descriptions EN 14778, Solid biofuels Sampling EN 14961-1:2010, Solid biofuels Fuel specifications and classes Part 1: General requirements EN 14961-4:2011, Solid biofuels Fuel specifications and classes Part 4: Wood chips for non-industrial use EN 15234-1, Solid biofuels Fuel quality assurance Part 1: General requirements NOTE
In EN 14961-1:2010 there are listed Normative references of the European Standards for sampling and sample reduction and in EN 14961-4:2011 for determination of solid biofuel properties. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 14588:2010 and the following apply. 3.1 wood chips chipped woody biomass in the form of pieces with a defined particle size produced by mechanical treatment with sharp tools such as knives NOTE 1 Wood chips have a rectangular shape with a typical length 5 to 50 mm and a low thickness compared to other dimensions. NOTE 2 See also cutter chips, forest chips, green chips, stemwood chips, and whole-tree chips in EN 14588:2010. 3.2 chemical treatment treatment with chemicals other than air, water or heat NOTE Examples of chemical treatment are listed in informative Annex C of EN 14961-1:2010. 3.3 impurities material other than the raw material or fuel itself such as soil, stones, metal, plastic, glass SIST EN 15234-4:2012
dry (dry basis) ar as received w-% weight-percentage A designation for ash content, Ad [w-%, dry basis]1) BD designation for bulk density as received [kg/m3]1) M designation for moisture content as received on wet basis, Mar [w-%]1) P designation for particle size distribution as received1) Q designation for net calorific value as received, qp,net,ar [MJ/kg or kWh/kg or MWh/t] at constant pressure1) NOTE 1 MJ/kg equals 0,277 8 kWh/kg (1 kWh/kg equals 1 MWh/t and 1 MWh/t is 3,6 MJ/kg). 1 g/cm3 equals 1 kg/dm3. 5 Quality assurance and quality control measures 5.1 General Quality assurance and control aim to provide confidence that a stable quality is continually achieved in accordance with the customer requirements. It means that specified requirements are fulfilled, but it does not necessarily mean a high quality but a steady and continually achieved quality in accordance with the customer´s requirements. The customer is the next operator in the supply chain. Customer requirements include not only the fuel quality, but also the quality of the company’s performance, such as documentation (product declaration, labelling of packaging, system for traceability, etc.), timing and logistics (to provide biofuels in time and to agreed performances criteria).
Fuel quality assurance needs to be applied to the entire supply chain. As the supply chains for solid biofuels in the most cases needs to be kept very simple, the same documents are often used for documentation of quality assurance and quality control measures. NOTE When the customer is a supplier, a retailer or end user, the customer requirements are usually written in sales contracts. Quality control is fundamentally about controlling the quality of a product or process to enable the delivery of the product or service within agreed parameters in the most efficient and cost effective way. The consequences of having good quality control will be a cost effective product and process.
1) Designation symbols are used in combination with a number to specify property levels (see for example Table 1, EN 14961-4:2011). For designation of chemical properties chemical symbols like S (sulphur), Cl (chlorine), N (nitrogen) are used and the value is added at the end of the symbol. SIST EN 15234-4:2012
b) to assure that over a longer term either consistency is being maintained (stability in process results) or that quality improvements are making the intended impact.
5.2 Traceability Wood chips for non industrial use shall be specified with EN 14961-4. The origin and source of solid the biofuel is specified by Table 1 in EN 14961-1:2010. There are three parts in the supply chain, illustrated in Figure 1.
Figure 1 —Simplified example of wood chips supply chain All operators in the supply chain are responsible for the traceability of the origin and source of the material delivered by them. The first operator is responsible for the documents being prepared the first time. The documents shall be available and provided on justified request throughout the entire supply chain according to EN 15234-1. 5.3 Production requirements The methodology described belo
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