ISO/TC 138 - Plastics pipes, fittings and valves for the transport of fluids

This document specifies a test method for determining the resistance to slow crack growth of polyolefin pipes, expressed in terms of time to failure in a hydrostatic pressure test on a pipe with machined longitudinal notches in the outside surface. The test is applicable to pipes of wall thickness greater than 5 mm.

This document specifies two methods of testing for checking the leaktightness of assembled joints between mechanical fittings and plastic pressure pipes with diameters up to and including 63 mm. The test applies regardless of the design and material of the fitting used for jointing plastics pipe. This test method is not applicable to fusion-welded joints.

This document specifies a method for testing the leak tightness under negative pressure, angular deflection and deformation of assembled joints between elastomeric-sealing-ring-type sockets made of plastic or metal and plastic pressure pipes.

This document specifies the steps of the overall process of pipeline rehabilitation, comprising: — information on strategic and tactical activities: a) investigation and condition assessment of the existing pipeline; b) pipeline rehabilitation planning. — information on and requirements for operational activities: c) project specification; d) applications of techniques; e) documentation of the design and application process. Definitions and classification of families of renovation and trenchless replacement techniques are provided, and their respective features described. Areas of application covered include underground drainage and sewerage networks and underground water and gas supply networks. The following aspects are not covered by the scope of this document: — new construction provided as network extensions; — calculation methods to determine, for each viable technique, the characteristics of lining or replacement pipe material needed to secure the desired performance of the rehabilitated pipeline; — techniques providing non-structural pressure pipe liners; — techniques for local repair. It is the responsibility of the designer to choose and design the renovation or trenchless replacement pipeline system.

This document specifies the characteristics of valves made from unplasticized polyamide (PA-U) in accordance with ISO 16486-1, intended to be buried and used for the supply of gaseous fuels. It is applicable to isolating unidirectional and bi-directional valves with spigot ends or electrofusion sockets intended to be fused with PA-U pipes or fittings conforming to ISO 16486-2 and ISO 16486-3 respectively. Valves made from material other than unplasticized polyamide designed for the supply of gaseous fuels conforming to the relevant standards are permitted to be used in PA-U piping systems according to the ISO 16486 series provided they have relevant PA-U connections for butt fusion or electrofusion ends (see ISO 16486-3). The component, i.e. the complete valve, is required to fulfil the requirements of this document. This document also specifies the test parameters for the test methods it describes. In conjunction with ISO 16486-1, ISO 16486-2, ISO 16486-3 and ISO 16486-5, this document is applicable to PA-U valves and their joints and to joints with components of PA-U and other materials intended to be used under the following conditions: a) a maximum operating pressure (MOP) of up to and including 18 bar[1], or limited to 16 bar under regional CEN requirements, at a reference temperature of 20 °C for design purposes; NOTE 1 For the purpose of this document and the references to ISO 8233, MOP is considered to be nominal pressure. b) an operating temperature of −20 °C to 40 °C; NOTE 2 For operating temperatures between 20 °C and 40 °C, derating coefficients are specified in ISO 16486-5. This document covers valves for pipes with a nominal outside diameter, dn, ≤ 400 mm. [1] 1 bar = 0,1 MPa = 105 Pa; 1 MPa = 1 N/mm².

This document specifies a method for checking the ability of assembled uniaxial joints between fittings and plastic pressure pipes to withstand longitudinal tensile stresses. The test applies regardless of the design and material of the fitting used for jointing plastics pipe. This test method is not applicable to fusion-welded joints.

This document provides a scheme for the assessment of conformity of RFC products for the rehabilitation of existing pipelines, in accordance with the applicable parts of ISO 11296, ISO 11297 and ISO 11298, and intended to be included in the manufacturer’s quality plan as part of the quality management system and for the establishment of certification procedures. It applies to cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) products only. It applies to non-pressure pipe liners, and to independent (fully structural, class A) and interactive (semi-structural, class B) pressure pipe liners, as defined in ISO 11295, which do not rely on adhesion to the existing pipeline. NOTE In order to help the reader, summary tables of overall scheme requirements are provided in Annex E.

This document addresses the system design of pipe and joints of above ground installations without end-thrust as specified in systems standard ISO 23856. It is directed to pipelines with a minimum stiffness of SN 5000 laid in a straight line between thrust blocks. It is based on the safety concepts described in ISO TS 20656-1, with consequence class 2 (CC2) as default. For other consequence classes, certain details specified in this document can need to be modified. This document is directed to double bell coupling. However, much of the information can be adapted and utilized for other flexible joints systems. This document does not cover fittings nor detailled engineering work like thrust blocks, support and anchor designs. As installation is not included in the scope of this document and to assist system design, Annex A provides a pressure testing and inspection procedure. However, to ensure the use of clearly defined field test data in system design, Annex A can be used normatively by agreement between purchaser and supplier. An example of recording above ground joint deflection data is given in Annex B.

This document specifies the requirements for solid-wall styrene copolymer blend (SAN + PVC) pipes and fittings for soil and waste discharge (low and high temperature) above ground inside buildings, and for the system itself. It does not include buried pipework. It also specifies the test parameters for the test methods referred to within this document. This document is applicable to SAN + PVC pipes and fittings, as well as assemblies of such pipes and fittings, intended to be used for the following purposes: a) soil and waste discharge pipework for the conveyance of domestic waste waters (low and high temperature); b) ventilation pipework associated with a); c) rainwater pipework inside the building. This document is applicable to pipes and fittings designed for jointing by means of elastomeric sealing rings, solvent cementing or integral dual-purpose sockets, i.e. for elastomeric ring seal joints and/or for solvent cement joints.

This document collects available data on combined chemical resistance of thermoplastic materials typically used to manufacture piping components for industrial applications, against fluids over a range of temperatures. The base thermoplastic materials covered by this classification are: Polyethylene PE NOTE 1 The PE considered in this document corresponds to PE-HD, with a minimum density value of 0,935 g/cm3 (e.g.: PE63, PE80, PE100, PE100-RC, PE-RT). Polypropylene PP (PP-R and PP-RCT, PP-H, PP-B) Polyvinyl chloride, unplasticized PVC-U Polyvinyl chloride, chlorinated PVC-C Polybutylene PB Acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene ABS Polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF NOTE 2 This document considers homopolymer PVDF. Cross-linked polyethylene PE-X (PE-Xa, PE-Xb, PE-Xc) Ethylene chloro trifluoro ethylene ECTFE Polyamide, unplasticized PA-U (PA-U11, PA-U12) NOTE 3 This document focuses on PA-U11 and PA-U12 only, as these long chained PA-U are standardized according to ISO 16486-1; short chained (e.g. PA 66) and plasticized PAs are not used for monolithic plastic piping components. Polysulfone PSU Perfluoralkoxy PFA NOTE 4 Temperatures higher than 200°C can be applied after an evaluation with the raw material manufacturer. Polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE NOTE 5 Temperatures higher than 200°C can be applied after an evaluation with the raw material manufacturer. Polyphenylene sulphide PPS NOTE 6 PPS is new with regards to industrial application and chemical resistance issues; for this reason, manufacturers and end-users are advised to assess the chemical suitability of the material.

This document specifies the requirements and test methods for mechanical fittings intended to join plastic pressure piping systems including transition fittings to metal pipes for the following: — supply of gaseous fuels (GAS); — supply of water for human consumption (W), including raw water prior to treatment and for the supply of water for general purposes, as well as underground drainage and sewerage under pressure (P); — supply of water for irrigation (I); — industrial applications (IS). This document is applicable only to mechanical fittings with operating-temperature and pressure limits as indicated in the relevant systems standards. NOTE A list of International Standards for plastic pipes for which mechanical fittings can be used can be found in Annex A. Flanges are not covered by this document. Mechanical fittings for hot and cold water systems inside buildings, as well as for district heating applications, are not covered by this document.

This document specifies the properties of piping system components made from glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) based on unsaturated polyester resin (UP). It is suited for all types of water supply, drainage and sewerage with or without pressure. Types of water supply include, but are not limited to, raw water, irrigation, cooling water, potable water, salt water, sea water, penstocks in power plants, processing plants and other water-based applications. This document is applicable to GRP UP piping systems, with flexible or rigid joints with or without end thrust load-bearing capability, primarily intended for use in direct buried installations. NOTE 1 For the purpose of this document, the term polyester resin (UP) also includes vinyl-ester resins (VE). NOTE 2 Piping systems conforming to this document can also be used for non-buried applications, provided the influence of the environment and the supports are considered in the design of the pipes, fittings and joints. NOTE 3 This document can also apply for other installations, such as slip-lining rehabilitation of existing pipes. NOTE 4 ISO 10467 and ISO 10639, which are replaced by this document, are also referenced in ISO 25780, which specifies requirements for GRP-pipes used for jacking installation. The requirements for the hydrostatic pressure design of pipes referring to this document meet the requirements of ISO/TS 20656-1 and the general principle for the reliability of structures detailed in ISO 2394 and in EN 1990. These International Standards provide procedures for the harmonization of design practices and address the probability of failure, as well as possible consequences of failures. The design practices are based on a partial safety factor concept, as well as on risk management engineering. This document is applicable to circular pipes, fittings and their joints of nominal sizes from DN 50 to DN 4000, which are intended to be used for the conveyance of water, sewage and drainage at normal service conditions, with or without pressure.

This document specifies a method for determining the apparent axial long-term modulus of pipes subject to beam bending deflection between vertically supported end-couplers, which allow rotation of the pipe relative to the couplers. In conjunction with ISO 10928, this document expresses the results of the test as an apparent axial long-term modulus for use in the calculation of mid-span beam deflection and end rotation of GRP pipes as specified in ISO/TS 10986. Test conditions and requirements are specified in the referring standard. For practical reasons, the test method is not suited for diameters greater than DN 600.

This document specifies the requirements of fitness for purpose of unplasticized polyamide (PA-U) piping system, intended to be buried and used for the supply of gaseous fuels. It also specifies the definitions of electrofusion and butt fusion joints. This document specifies the method of preparation of test piece joints and the tests to be carried out on these joints for assessing the fitness for purpose of the system under normal and extreme conditions. It also specifies the test parameters for the test methods to which it refers. The ISO 16486 series is applicable to PA-U piping systems, the components of which are connected by fusion jointing and/or mechanical jointing. In conjunction with the other parts of ISO 16486, it is applicable to PA-U fittings, their joints and to joints with components of PA-U.

This document specifies an encoding system for data of components, assembly methods and jointing operations for polyethylene (PE) piping systems for gas, water and other industrial applications. These data can be used in a traceability system and/or used to perform the fusion of components by using equipment as specified in ISO 12176‑1 and in ISO 12176‑2. This encoding system is explained in ISO/IEC 16022, ISO/IEC 18004 and ISO/IEC 24778 which refer to established code types, e.g. QR code. Data to be encoded are: fusion cycle(s), traceability of manufactured products, other manufacturer’s information that can also be given on websites such as voluntary certificates of quality and approvals. This document specifies the export of data (type, format and sequence) from a data retrieval system. Provisions of this document are applicable to polyethylene components conforming to ISO 4427‑2, ISO 4427‑3, ISO 4437‑2, ISO 4437‑3, ISO 4437‑4 and ISO 15494, and can also be applicable to any other components used in PE systems. ISO 13950 and ISO 12176‑4, which partly cover the fields of application of this document, can be used in parallel.

This document specifies methods of test for joints with a locked socket and spigot, including double-socket joints, and with elastomeric seals, for buried and above-ground glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) piping systems. It covers methods of testing for leaktightness and resistance to damage of the joint only, when subjected to specified combinations of angular movement, compression (deformation) perpendicular to the pipe axis and internal pressure. It assumes that the joint will be exposed to the effects of hydrostatic end thrust. The tests detailed in 9.2, 9.3, 9.4 and 9.6 are applicable to joints with a locked socket and spigot, including double-socket joints, and with elastomeric seals intended to be used in buried or above-ground applications. The bending tests detailed in 9.5 can be used to prove the design where joints are either intended to be used in buried applications or are intended to be used in particular above-ground situations, where the tests can be considered appropriate. With the exception of the procedure detailed in 9.5, these test procedures are applicable to joints for pipes and fittings of all nominal sizes. The tests detailed in 9.5 are applicable to joints for pipes and fittings up to and including DN 600. The tests are applicable for evaluating joints intended for applications conveying liquids at temperatures specified in the referring standards. The test procedures in this document are damaging to the test piece, which will not be suitable for reuse after these tests. The test procedure is intended for type testing purposes. This document is applicable only to the joint and specifies methods of testing to prove its design.

This document specifies a method for testing the ability of glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) pipes to withstand specified levels of initial ring deflection without displaying surface damage and/or structural failure.

This document, in conjunction with ISO 11298‑1, specifies requirements and test methods for cured-in-place pipes and fittings used for the renovation of water supply networks, which transport water intended for human consumption, including raw water intake pipelines. It applies to independent (fully structural, class A) and interactive (semi structural, class B) pressure pipe liners, as defined in ISO 11295, which do not rely on adhesion to the existing pipeline. It applies to the use of various thermosetting resin systems, in combination with compatible fibrous carrier materials, reinforcement, and other process-related plastics components (see 5.1). It does not include requirements or test methods for resistance to cyclic loading or the pressure rating of CIPP liners where passing through bends, which are outside the scope of this document. It is applicable to cured-in-place pipe lining systems intended to be used at a service temperature of up to 25 °C. NOTE For applications operating at service temperatures greater than 25 °C, guidance on re-rating factors can be supplied by the system supplier.

This document specifies a method for determining the chemical resistance properties of glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) pipes and fittings in a deflected condition for nominal sizes DN 100 and larger. In conjunction with ISO 10928, this document provides a method for evaluating the effect of a chemical environment on the interior of a pipe or fitting after a specified period of time. Test conditions and requirements are specified in the referring International Standard. ISO 23856 references this document. NOTE It has been found that the effect of chemical environments can be accelerated by strain induced from deflection; hence, this type of effect is frequently referred to as strain corrosion.

This document provides a scheme for the assessment of conformity of PVC-U products and assemblies for the rehabilitation of existing pipelines, in accordance with the applicable parts of ISO 11296 and intended to be included in the manufacturer's quality plan as part of the quality management system and for the establishment of certification procedures. NOTE In order to help the reader, summary tables of overall scheme requirements are provided in Annex C.

This document specifies the physical and mechanical properties of pipes made from unplasticized polyamide (PA-U) in accordance with ISO 16486-1, intended to be buried and used for the supply of gaseous fuels. It also specifies the test parameters for the test methods to which it refers. The ISO 16486 series of standards is applicable to PA-U piping systems, the components of which are connected by fusion jointing and/or mechanical jointing. In addition, this document lays down dimensional characteristics and requirements for the marking of pipes. Pipes conforming to this document are jointed typically by using mechanical, electrofusion or butt fusion techniques.

This document specifies the physical and mechanical properties of fittings made from unplasticized polyamide (PA-U) in accordance with ISO 16486‑1, intended to be buried and used for the supply of gaseous fuels. It also specifies the test parameters for the test methods to which it refers. The ISO 16486 series is applicable to PA-U piping systems, the components of which are connected by fusion jointing and/or mechanical jointing. In addition, it lays down dimensional characteristics and requirements for the marking of fittings. In conjunction with the other parts of the ISO 16486 series, this document is applicable to PA-U fittings, their joints, joints with components of PA-U and joints with mechanical fittings of other materials, and to the following fitting types: — fusion fittings (electrofusion fittings and butt fusion fittings), and — transition fittings.

This document specifies a method for determining the tensile properties of pipes made of unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U), oriented unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-O), chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-C) and high-impact poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-HI, PVC-M or PVC-A), and in particular the following properties: — the stress at yield and stress at break; — the elongation at break. NOTE The general method of test for the determination of the tensile properties of thermoplastics pipes is given in ISO 6259‑1. This document also gives, for information purposes only, the corresponding basic specifications in Annexes A, B, C and D.

This document specifies the general properties of unplasticized polyamide (PA-U) compounds for the manufacture of pipes, fittings and valves made from these compounds, intended to be buried and used for the supply of gaseous fuels. It also specifies the test parameters for the test methods to which it refers. The ISO 16486 series is applicable to PA-U piping systems, the components of which are connected by fusion jointing and/or mechanical jointing. This document establishes a calculation and design scheme on which to base the maximum operating pressure (MOP) of a PA-U piping system.

This document specifies the characteristics of pipes (mains, sub-mains and laterals) made from polyethylene (PE), intended for the conveyance of water for irrigation, at a water temperature up to 45 °C. NOTE 1 For the effect of water temperature on the maximum operating pressure, see Annex A. This document applies to pipes that will not be subjected to internal pressure for long periods, and not more than 1 500 hours/year. For piping applications with long-term continuous pressure, the ISO 4427 series applies. NOTE 2 The expected lifetime of pipes covered by this document is ten years or less. This document also specifies the properties of the material and the parameters for the test methods to which it refers.

This document specifies a test method for determining the leaktightness of elastomeric sealing ring type joints for buried thermoplastics non-pressure piping systems. Unless otherwise specified in the referring standard, the tests are carried out at the following basic test pressures: — p1: internal negative air pressure (partial vacuum); — p2: a low internal hydrostatic pressure; — p3: a higher internal hydrostatic pressure. It also describes the following four test conditions under which the tests are performed: a) Condition A: without any additional diametric or angular deflection; b) Condition B: with diametric deflection; c) Condition C: with angular deflection; d) Condition D: with simultaneous angular and diametric deflection. The applicable selection of the test pressure(s) and the test condition(s) is/are specified in the referring standard.

This document specifies six test methods for the determination of the initial circumferential tensile wall strength per unit of length of glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) pipes. NOTE Another commonly used term for "circumferential tensile strength" is "hoop tensile strength" and the two expressions can be used interchangeably. The burst test (method A) is suitable for all types and sizes of pipes. It is considered the reference method. However, all the methods in this document have equal validity. If correlation of any of the methods B to F can be established by a comparative test programme, then that method can be considered as the reference method. The split disc test (method B) is not always suitable for pipes with helically wound reinforcing layers. The strip test (method C), the modified strip test (method D) and the restrained strip test (method E) are suitable for pipes with a nominal size of DN 500 and greater. The notched plate test (method F) is primarily intended for use with helically wound pipes of nominal size greater than DN 500 with a winding angle other than approximately 90°. Results from one method are not necessarily equal to the results derived from any of the alternative methods. If required, the initial circumferential tensile modulus can be determined by method A.