ISO/TC 58 - Gas cylinders

This document specifies the following, in order to determine the corrosiveness of gases and gas mixtures so that a suitable outlet connection can be assigned to each of them: — for pure gases and some liquids, a complete list indicating their corrosiveness; — for gas mixtures, a calculation method, in the absence of experimental data, relating to the corrosiveness of each of their components.

This document specifies requirements for the inspection and maintenance of valves [including ball valves and valves with integrated pressure regulator (VIPRs)] for: a) refillable transportable gas cylinders; b) cylinder bundles; c) pressure drums and tubes; which convey compressed, liquefied or dissolved gases. This document does not apply to valves for liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). NOTE Where there is no risk of ambiguity, gas cylinders, cylinder bundles, pressure drums and tubes are addressed with the collective term “gas cylinders” within this document. This document is applicable to valves reused at the time of the periodic inspection of gas cylinders, cylinder bundles, pressure drums and tubes, and can be applied at any other time, e.g. at a change of gas service (see ISO 11621). This document does not apply to the routine inspection of valves, e.g. carried out at the time of a gas cylinder filling.

This document specifies the procedures and acceptance criteria for manufacturing tests and examinations (sometimes called "initial inspection and tests") of valves designed and type tested in accordance with ISO 10297. This document is applicable to: a) cylinder valves intended to be fitted to refillable transportable gas cylinders; b) main valves (excluding ball valves) for cylinder bundles; c) cylinder valves or main valves with integrated pressure regulator (VIPR); d) valves for pressure drums and tubes. NOTE Where there is no risk of ambiguity, cylinder valves, main valves, VIPR and valves for pressure drums and tubes are addressed with the collective term “valves” within this document. The principles of these manufacturing tests and examinations can be beneficially applied to cylinder valves type tested to national or International Standards other than ISO 10297.

This document specifies some gas compatibility test methods to evaluate plastic materials suitable for use in the manufacture of composite gas cylinder liners. It is also applicable to the evaluation of the suitability of plastic matrix materials used for Type 5 cylinders. Some fluids like water, used for cylinders testing, can react positively or negatively when in contact with plastic liners. This compatibility issue is not covered by this document.

This document specifies the minimum requirements for the materials, design, construction and workmanship, manufacturing processes, examinations and testing at time of manufacture for refillable, seamless, stainless steel gas cylinders with water capacities up to and including 150 l. It is applicable to cylinders for compressed, liquefied and dissolved gases with a maximum actual tensile strength, Rma, of less than 1 100 MPa. NOTE If so desired, cylinders of water capacity between 150 l and 450 l can be manufactured to be in full conformance to this document.

This document gives guidance on the selection and evaluation of compatibility between non-metallic materials for gas cylinders and valves and the gas contents. It is also applicable to tubes, pressure drums and bundles of cylinders. This document covers composite and laminated materials used for gas cylinders. It does not include ceramics, glasses and adhesives. This document considers the influence of the gas in changing the material and mechanical properties (e.g. chemical reaction or change in physical state). The basic properties of the materials, such as mechanical properties required for design purposes (normally available from the materials supplier), are not considered. Other aspects, such as quality of delivered gas, are not considered. The compatibility data given are related to single component gases but can be applicable to gas mixtures. This document does not apply to cryogenic fluids (this is covered in ISO 21010).

This document specifies design, type testing, marking, manufacturing tests and examinations requirements for ball valves used as: closures of refillable transportable gas cylinders, pressure drums and tubes; main valves for cylinder bundles; valves for cargo transport units [e.g. trailers, battery vehicles, multi-element gas containers (MEGCs)]; which convey compressed gases, liquefied gases and dissolved gases. NOTE 1 In this document, the term “valve” is used with the meaning of “ball valve”. This document does not apply to ball valves for: oxidizing gases as defined in ISO 10156; toxic gases (i.e. gases listed in ISO 10298 having an LC50 value ≤ 5 000 ppm acetylene for single gas cylinders, pressure drums and tubes. NOTE 2 The reason for the exclusion of oxidizing gases is that the use of ball valves as closures of high-pressure cylinders for oxidizing gases is known to lead to specific ignition hazards that cannot reasonably be mitigated through the ball valve design or type testing. Safety hazards concern both the ball valve itself and any downstream equipment. NOTE 3 The reason for the exclusion of acetylene for single gas cylinders, pressure drums and tubes is that the risk of an acetylene decomposition cannot reasonably be mitigated through the ball valve design or type testing. This document does not apply to ball valves for liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), cryogenic equipment, portable fire extinguishers and cylinders for breathing apparatus. NOTE 4 Requirements for valves for cryogenic vessels are specified in ISO 21011. NOTE 5 Certain specific requirements for quick-release valves for fixed fire-fighting systems in addition to those that are given in this document are specified in ISO 16003.

This document specifies the requirements for design, specification, type testing and production testing and inspection of dedicated LPG manually operated cylinder valves for use with and directly connected to transportable refillable LPG cylinders. It also includes requirements for associated equipment for vapour and liquid service. Bursting discs and/or fusible plugs are not covered in this document. Annex B identifies requirements for production testing and inspection. This document excludes other LPG cylinder devices which are not an integral part of the dedicated manually operated cylinder valve. This document does not apply to cylinder valves for fixed automotive installations and ball valves. NOTE For self-closing LPG cylinder valves see ISO 14245. For cylinder valves for compressed, dissolved and other liquefied gases see ISO 10297,[2] ISO 17871[6] or ISO 17879[7].

This document is applicable to pin-index yoke-type valve connections for medical gas cylinders, with a working pressure up to a maximum of 200 bar or test pressure up to a maximum of 300 bar, or both. NOTE 1 This type of connection is primarily used for small cylinders (5 l or below). NOTE 2 In this document the unit bar is used, due to its universal use in the field of technical gases. It should, however, be noted that bar is not an SI unit, and that the corresponding SI unit for pressure is Pa (1 bar = 105 Pa = 105 N/m2). This document specifies: — basic dimensions; — requirements for alternative designs of the yoke-type valve connections; — dimensions and positions for the holes and pins for the outlet connections. It also specifies the dimensions and positions for the holes and pins for the outlet connections for gases and gas mixtures.

This document specifies the requirements for design, specification, type testing and production testing and inspection for dedicated LPG self-closing cylinder valves for use with and directly connected to transportable refillable LPG cylinders. It also includes requirements for associated equipment for vapour and liquid service. Bursting discs and/or fusible plugs are not covered in this document. Annex A identifies requirements for production testing and inspection. This document excludes other LPG cylinder devices which are not an integral part of the dedicated self-closing cylinder valve. This document does not apply to cylinder valves for fixed automotive installations and ball valves. NOTE For manually operated LPG cylinder valves see ISO 15995. For cylinder valves for compressed, dissolved and other liquefied gases see ISO 10297, ISO 17871 or ISO 17879.

This document specifies definitions, dimensions and tolerances of parallel screw threads of M30 x 2, M25 x 2 and M18 x 1,5, for the connection of valves to medical and industrial gas cylinders. This document does not contain the connection requirements for: — mechanical strength; — gas tightness; — capability of repeated assembly and dismounting operations (this aspect is covered in ISO 13341).

This document specifies minimum requirements for the material, design, construction and workmanship, manufacturing processes, examination and testing at time of manufacture for: — type 2 composite hoop wrapped cylinders or tubes with a load-sharing metal liner and composite reinforcement on the cylindrical portion only; — water capacities up to 450 l; — the storage and conveyance of compressed or liquefied gases; — cylinders and tubes with composite reinforcement of carbon fibre, aramid fibre or glass fibre (or a mixture thereof) within a matrix or steel wire to provide circumferential reinforcement; — a minimum design life of 15 years. This document does not address the design, fitting, and performance of removable protective sleeves. NOTE 1 References to cylinders in this document include composite tubes if appropriate. NOTE 2 ISO 11439 applies to cylinders intended for use as fuel containers on natural gas vehicles and ISO 11623 covers periodic inspection and re-testing of composite cylinders.

This document specifies minimum requirements for the material, design, construction and workmanship, manufacturing processes, examination and testing at time of manufacture for: — type 4 composite fully wrapped cylinders or tubes with a non-load sharing liner and composite reinforcement on both the cylindrical portion and the dome ends; — type 5 fully wrapped cylinders or tubes without liners and with a test pressure of less than 60 bar and composite reinforcement on both the cylindrical portion and the dome ends; — water capacities up to 450 l; — for the storage and conveyance of compressed or liquefied gases; — cylinders and tubes with composite reinforcement of carbon fibre, aramid fibre or glass fibre (or a mixture thereof) within a matrix; — a minimum design life of 15 years. Cylinders and tubes manufactured and tested according to this document are not intended to contain toxic, oxidizing or corrosive gases. This document does not address the design, fitting and performance of removable protective sleeves. NOTE 1 References to cylinders in this document include composite tubes if appropriate. NOTE 2 ISO 11439 applies to cylinders intended for use as fuel containers on natural gas vehicles and ISO 11623 covers periodic inspection and re-testing of composite cylinders.

This document specifies minimum requirements for the material, design, construction and workmanship, manufacturing processes, examination and testing at time of manufacture for: — type 3 fully wrapped cylinders or tubes with a load-sharing metal liner and composite reinforcement on both the cylindrical portion and the dome ends; — water capacities up to 450 l; — storage and conveyance of compressed or liquefied gases; — cylinders and tubes with composite reinforcement of carbon fibre, aramid fibre or glass fibre (or a mixture thereof) within a matrix; — a minimum design life of 15 years. This document does not address the design, fitting, and performance of removable protective sleeves. This document does not apply to cylinders with welded liners. NOTE 1 References to cylinders in this document include composite tubes if appropriate. NOTE 2 ISO 11439 applies to cylinders intended for use as fuel containers on natural gas vehicles and ISO 11623 covers periodic inspection and re-testing of composite cylinders.

This document, in conjunction with ISO 10297 and ISO 14246, specifies design, type testing, marking and manufacturing tests, and examinations requirements for quick-release cylinder valves intended to be fitted to refillable transportable gas cylinders, pressure drums and tubes which convey: — non-toxic; — non-oxidizing; — non-flammable; and — non-corrosive; compressed or liquefied gases or extinguishing agents charged with compressed gases to be used for fire-extinguishing, explosion protection, and rescue applications. NOTE 1 The main application of such quick-release cylinder valves is in the fire-fighting industry. However, there are other applications such as avalanche airbags, life raft inflation and similar applications. NOTE 2 Where there is no risk of ambiguity, gas cylinders, pressure drums and tubes are addressed with the collective term "cylinders" within this document. This document covers the function of a quick-release cylinder valve as a closure. This document does not apply to quick-release cylinder valves for cryogenic equipment and for liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). This document does not apply to quick-release cylinder valves if used as the main closure of portable fire extinguishers because portable fire extinguishers are not covered by transport regulation. Quick-release cylinder valves of auxiliary refillable propellant gas cylinders used within or as part of portable fire extinguishers are covered by this document, if these cylinders are transported separately, e.g. for filling (see UN Model Regulations, Chapter 3.3, Special Provision 225, second note[1]).

This document provides requirements for the selection of safe combinations of metallic cylinder and valve materials and cylinder gas content. The compatibility data given is related to single gases and to gas mixtures. Seamless metallic, welded metallic and composite gas cylinders and their valves, used to contain compressed, liquefied and dissolved gases are considered. NOTE In this document the term "cylinder" refers to transportable pressure receptacles, which also include tubes and pressure drums. Aspects such as the quality of delivered gas product are not considered.

This document specifies the requirements for periodic inspection and testing of welded steel transportable pressure drums of water capacity from 150 l up to 1 000 l and up to 300 bar test pressure intended for compressed and liquefied gases.

This document specifies the requirements for valve protection caps and valve guards used on cylinders for liquefied, dissolved or compressed gases. Valve protection caps and valve guards are some of the options available to protect cylinder valves, including valves with integral pressure regulators (VIPRs) during transport. This document is applicable to valve protection caps and valve guards which inherently provide the primary protection of a cylinder valve. It can also be used to test other equipment (e.g., handling devices) attached to cylinder packages, even in cases where the cylinder valve is inherently able to withstand damage without release of the content. This document excludes protection devices for cylinders with a water capacity of 5 l or less and cylinders whereby the protection device is fixed by means of lugs welded or brazed to the cylinder, or is welded or brazed directly to the cylinder. This document does not cover valve protection for breathing apparatus cylinders. NOTE Small cylinders (e.g., medical cylinders) are commonly transported in an outer-packaging (e.g., pallet) to meet transport regulations. This document does not specify requirements that could be necessary to enable the valve protection device to be used for lifting the cylinder.

This document specifies the requirements for the design, construction, testing and initial inspection of a transportable cylinder bundle. It is applicable to cylinder bundles containing cylinders containing compressed gas, liquefied gas and mixtures thereof. It is also applicable to cylinder bundles for acetylene. Additional requirements for acetylene cylinder bundles containing acetylene in a solvent are provided in Annex B. This document does not, however, cover acetylene cylinder bundles with solvent‐free acetylene cylinders. This document specifies the additional requirements that apply when individual cylinders are assembled into a bundle. Unless otherwise stated, individual cylinders within a cylinder bundle conform to applicable standards for single cylinders. This document is intended primarily for industrial gases other than liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), but it can also be used for LPG. This document does not apply to packages in which cylinders are manifolded together in a frame that is designed to be fixed permanently to a road vehicle, to a railway wagon or to the ground as a customer storage vessel. It also does not apply to cylinder bundles that are designed for use in extreme environmental or operational conditions (e.g. offshore cylinder bundles) when additional and extraordinary requirements are imposed to maintain safety standards, reliability and performance.

This document describes the use of modal acoustic emission (MAE) testing during periodic inspection and testing of hoop wrapped and fully wrapped composite transportable gas cylinders and tubes, with aluminium-alloy, steel or non-metallic liners or of linerless construction, intended for compressed and liquefied gases under pressure. This document addresses the periodic inspection and testing of composite cylinders constructed to ISO 11119‑1, ISO 11119‑2, ISO 11119‑3, ISO 11515 and ISO/TS 17519 and can be applied to other composite cylinders designed to comparable standards when authorized by the competent authority. Unless noted by exception, the use of "cylinder" in this document refers to both cylinders and tubes.

This document addresses the topic of cyclic fatigue of structural reinforcing fibres as used in composite cylinders, and cyclic fatigue of structural and non-structural liners in these cylinders. This document provides a basic level of understanding of these topics.

This document specifies minimum requirements for the material, design, construction and workmanship, manufacturing processes, examination and testing at time of manufacture for refillable seamless steel gas cylinders and tubes with water capacities up to and including 450 l. It is applicable to cylinders and tubes for compressed, liquefied and dissolved gases and for quenched and tempered steel cylinders and tubes with a maximum actual tensile strength Rma of less than 1 100 MPa.

This document specifies minimum requirements for the material, design, construction and workmanship, manufacturing processes, examination and testing at time of manufacture for refillable seamless steel gas cylinders and tubes with water capacities up to and including 450 l. it is applicable to cylinders and tubes for compressed, liquefied and dissolved gases and for quenched and tempered steel cylinders and tubes with an actual tensile strength Rma ≥ 1 100 MPa. It is not applicable to cylinders and tubes with Rma, max > 1 300 MPa for diameters >140 mm and guaranteed wall thicknesses a′ ≥ 12 mm and for cylinders and tubes with Rma, max > 1 400 MPa for diameters ≤140 mm and guaranteed wall thicknesses a′ ≥ 6 mm because, beyond these limits, additional requirements can apply.

This document specifies minimum requirements for the material, design, construction and workmanship, manufacturing processes, examination and testing at the time of manufacture for refillable seamless steel gas cylinders and tubes with water capacities up to and including 450 l. It is applicable to cylinders and tubes for compressed, liquefied and dissolved gases and for normalized or normalized and tempered steel cylinders and tubes.

This document specifies minimum requirements for the material, design, construction, workmanship, examination and testing at manufacture of refillable welded steel cylinders for the sub-atmospheric pressure storage of liquefied and compressed gases. It only applies to the cylinders themselves, irrespective of the materials contained therein (e.g. adsorbents, media, materials and/or gases) and other related applications. The cylinders have a test pressure not greater than 42 bar and a water capacity from 0,5 l up to and including 12 l exposed to ambient temperatures for the purpose of facilitating the sub‑atmospheric pressure storage of liquefied and compressed gases as adsorbed gases. Minimum requirements for inspection at the time of fill and periodic inspection and testing are also specified.

This document specifies the minimum requirements for the material, design construction and workmanship, manufacturing processes, examination and testing at time of manufacture of an assembly of permanently mounted composite tube(s) in a frame with associated components. Tubes covered by the requirements of this document are: a) of composite construction, permanently mounted in a transport frame and suitable for specified service conditions, designated as: Type 3 — a fully wrapped tube with a seamless metallic liner and composite reinforcement on both the cylindrical part and the dome ends; or Type 4 — a fully wrapped tube with a non-load sharing liner and composite reinforcement on both the cylindrical part and the dome ends. b) with water capacities from 450 l up to and including 10 000 l; c) containing compressed gases but excluding: liquefied gases, dissolved gases, and gases and gas mixtures which are classified for transport as toxic or oxidizing; d) with working pressure up to 1 000 bar. This document does not address tubes with working pressure times water capacity (p × V) more than 3 000 000 bar∙l.

This document lists the different valve stem to gas cylinder connection threads currently and historically existing worldwide and provides official coded designations for them. These coded designations will then be available for identification and marking purposes. It also gives guidance concerning which threads are dimensionally identical and which are interchangeable. Furthermore, this document provides guidance for valving procedures when fitting valves to gas cylinders.

This document provides specification and testing requirements for high pressure flexible hose assemblies intended to be connected to gas cylinders, bundles of cylinders or trailers (battery vehicles), and MEGCs for use when filling and emptying gas at production sites and also for customer use. This document applies to flexible hose assemblies with rated pressures up to 1 000 bar for use in the temperature range of −40 °C to +65 °C. This document is not applicable to: — rubber and plastics flexible hose assemblies for welding, cutting and related processes up to 45 MPa (450 bar) for customer use (see ISO 14113); — high pressure flexible hose assemblies for use with medical gas systems for customer use (see ISO 21969); — low pressure hose assemblies for use with medical gases for customer use (see ISO 5359); — rubber and thermoplastic low pressure hose assemblies for welding, cutting and related processes for customer use (see ISO 3821 or ISO 12170); — flexible hose assemblies for cryogenic applications (see ISO 21012); — flexible hose assemblies for liquid petroleum gas (LPG). NOTE Flexible hose assembly designs which pass the type test approval described in this document can have a lower ratio of burst pressure to rated pressure than stated in other standards.

This document specifies the requirements for the periodic inspection and testing of welded aluminium-alloy, carbon and stainless steel gas cylinders of water capacity from 0,5 l to 150 l intended for compressed and liquefied gas service under pressure and to verify the integrity of such gas cylinders for further service. It also applies, as far as is practical, to cylinders of less than 0,5 l water capacity and greater than 150 l up to 450 l. This document does not apply to the periodic inspection and testing of acetylene cylinders or composite (fully wrapped or hoop-wrapped) cylinders. It is primarily intended for use with cylinders containing industrial gases other than liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). This document may also be applicable to LPG. Requirements for LPG applications are also provided in ISO 10464.

This document addresses the topic of calculation of stress ratios when analyzing filament wound composite cylinders. This document is applicable to cylinders of Types 2, 3, and 4. The calculation of stress ratios supports the development and revision of standards for fibre reinforced composite pressurized cylinders.

This document specifies stamp marking of transportable gas cylinders of volumes greater than 0,12 l and up to or equal to 150 l and tubes of volumes up to or equal to 3 000 l, including: - steel and aluminium-alloy gas cylinders; - composite gas cylinders; - acetylene cylinders; - liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) cylinders (see Annex A); and - small cylinders (see Annex B). Unless noted by exception, the use of "cylinder" in this document refers to the above types of cylinders. Non-refillable cylinders are addressed by this standard.

This document specifies the requirements for periodic inspection and testing to verify the integrity of cylinders and tubes to be re-introduced into service for a further period of time. This document is applicable to seamless steel and seamless aluminium-alloy transportable gas cylinders (single or those that comprise a bundle) intended for compressed and liquefied gases under pressure, of water capacity from 0,5 l up to 150 l and to seamless steel and seamless aluminium-alloy transportable gas tubes (single or those that comprise a bundle) intended for compressed and liquefied gases under pressure, of water capacity greater than 150 l. It also applies, as far as practical, to cylinders of less than 0,5 l water capacity. This document does not apply to the periodic inspection and maintenance of acetylene cylinders or to the periodic inspection and testing of composite cylinders. NOTE Unless noted by exception, the use of the word "cylinder" in this document refers to both cylinders and tubes.

ISO 20475:2018 specifies the requirements for the periodic inspection and testing of cylinder bundles containing compressed, liquefied and dissolved gas. NOTE Additional requirements for acetylene cylinder bundles are provided in Annex A. ISO 20475:2018 also establishes general principles for the maintenance of cylinder bundles. ISO 20475:2018 is not applicable to acetylene bundles with solvent-free acetylene cylinders. ISO 20475:2018 excludes the requirements for cylinder bundles when they are a part of a battery vehicle. For some specific applications, e.g. offshore, additional requirements can apply.

ISO 10298:2018 lists the best available acute-toxicity data of gases taken from a search of the current literature to allow the classification of gases and gas mixtures for toxicity by inhalation.

ISO 11363-1:2018 specifies dimensions and tolerances for taper screw threads of nominal diameter 17,4 mm (designated as 17E) and 25,8 mm (designated as 25E) used for the connection of valves to gas cylinders. ISO 11363-1:2018 does not cover the connection requirements for - mechanical strength, - gas tightness, and - capability of repeated assembly and dismounting operations. Gauge inspection is covered by ISO 11363‑2.

ISO/TR 13086-2:2017 addresses the topic of safety and performance of composite cylinders in a fire situation. A statement of safety addresses the topics which should be understood in order to operate cylinders safely in service. The remainder of this document provides a basic level of understanding of these topics.

ISO 5145:2017 establishes practical criteria for determining valve outlet connections for gas cylinders. It applies to the selection of gas cylinder valve outlet connections and specifies the dimensions for a number of them. ISO 5145:2017 is not applicable to connections used for cryogenic gas withdrawal or gases for breathing equipment, which are the subjects of other International Standards. NOTE Other safeguard provisions like labelling or colour coding are not affected by this document.

ISO 11363-2:2017 specifies types, dimensions and principles of use of gauges, to be used in conjunction with the taper threads specified in ISO 11363-1 (i.e. 17E and 25E threads). It provides examples of calculations for thread gauge dimensions on the large end diameter (Annex A) and draws attention to the limitations of the gauging system specified (Annex B).

ISO 15996:2017 specifies design, type testing and marking requirements for cylinder valves incorporating residual pressure devices, hereinafter referred to as residual pressure valves (RPVs). This document applies to the following types of RPVs: a) cylinder valves intended to be fitted to refillable transportable gas cylinders; b) main valves (excluding ball valves) for cylinder bundles; c) cylinder valves or main valves with integrated pressure regulator (VIPR); d) valves for pressure drums and tubes; which convey compressed or liquefied gases. NOTE Where there is no risk of ambiguity, cylinders, pressure drums, tubes and cylinder bundles are addressed with the collective term "cylinder" within this document. These requirements are in addition to those in ISO 10297. For RPD stand-alone devices this document can also be applied. ISO 15996:2017 does not apply to RPVs for portable fire extinguishers, cryogenic equipment, low pressure refrigerant gases (cylinder test pressure less than 50 bar), dissolved gases or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG).