ISO/TC 58/SC 4 - Operational requirements for gas cylinders

This document specifies the use of acoustic emission examination (AT) during periodic inspection and testing of hoop wrapped (Type 2) and fully wrapped (Types 3 and 4) composite transportable gas cylinders and tubes of water capacity up to 3 000 l, with aluminium-alloy, steel or non-metallic liner or of linerless construction (Type 5), intended for compressed and liquefied gases under pressure. It is applicable to only the verification of the composite material. Additional inspection such as internal visual inspection of the liner does not apply to this document (see ISO 11623). NOTE Unless noted by exception, the use of the word “cylinder” in this document refers to both cylinders and tubes.

This document specifies the requirements for periodic inspection and testing of welded steel transportable pressure drums of water capacity from 150 l up to 1 000 l and up to 300 bar test pressure intended for compressed and liquefied gases.

This document specifies the requirements for the design, construction, testing and initial inspection of a transportable cylinder bundle. It is applicable to cylinder bundles containing cylinders containing compressed gas, liquefied gas and mixtures thereof. It is also applicable to cylinder bundles for acetylene. Additional requirements for acetylene cylinder bundles containing acetylene in a solvent are provided in Annex B. This document does not, however, cover acetylene cylinder bundles with solvent‐free acetylene cylinders. This document specifies the additional requirements that apply when individual cylinders are assembled into a bundle. Unless otherwise stated, individual cylinders within a cylinder bundle conform to applicable standards for single cylinders. This document is intended primarily for industrial gases other than liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), but it can also be used for LPG. This document does not apply to packages in which cylinders are manifolded together in a frame that is designed to be fixed permanently to a road vehicle, to a railway wagon or to the ground as a customer storage vessel. It also does not apply to cylinder bundles that are designed for use in extreme environmental or operational conditions (e.g. offshore cylinder bundles) when additional and extraordinary requirements are imposed to maintain safety standards, reliability and performance.

This document describes the use of modal acoustic emission (MAE) testing during periodic inspection and testing of hoop wrapped and fully wrapped composite transportable gas cylinders and tubes, with aluminium-alloy, steel or non-metallic liners or of linerless construction, intended for compressed and liquefied gases under pressure. This document addresses the periodic inspection and testing of composite cylinders constructed to ISO 11119‑1, ISO 11119‑2, ISO 11119‑3, ISO 11515 and ISO/TS 17519 and can be applied to other composite cylinders designed to comparable standards when authorized by the competent authority. Unless noted by exception, the use of "cylinder" in this document refers to both cylinders and tubes.

This document specifies the requirements for the periodic inspection and testing of welded aluminium-alloy, carbon and stainless steel gas cylinders of water capacity from 0,5 l to 150 l intended for compressed and liquefied gas service under pressure and to verify the integrity of such gas cylinders for further service. It also applies, as far as is practical, to cylinders of less than 0,5 l water capacity and greater than 150 l up to 450 l. This document does not apply to the periodic inspection and testing of acetylene cylinders or composite (fully wrapped or hoop-wrapped) cylinders. It is primarily intended for use with cylinders containing industrial gases other than liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). This document may also be applicable to LPG. Requirements for LPG applications are also provided in ISO 10464.

This document specifies stamp marking of transportable gas cylinders of volumes greater than 0,12 l and up to or equal to 150 l and tubes of volumes up to or equal to 3 000 l, including: - steel and aluminium-alloy gas cylinders; - composite gas cylinders; - acetylene cylinders; - liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) cylinders (see Annex A); and - small cylinders (see Annex B). Unless noted by exception, the use of "cylinder" in this document refers to the above types of cylinders. Non-refillable cylinders are addressed by this standard.

This document specifies the requirements for periodic inspection and testing to verify the integrity of cylinders and tubes to be re-introduced into service for a further period of time. This document is applicable to seamless steel and seamless aluminium-alloy transportable gas cylinders (single or those that comprise a bundle) intended for compressed and liquefied gases under pressure, of water capacity from 0,5 l up to 150 l and to seamless steel and seamless aluminium-alloy transportable gas tubes (single or those that comprise a bundle) intended for compressed and liquefied gases under pressure, of water capacity greater than 150 l. It also applies, as far as practical, to cylinders of less than 0,5 l water capacity. This document does not apply to the periodic inspection and maintenance of acetylene cylinders or to the periodic inspection and testing of composite cylinders. NOTE Unless noted by exception, the use of the word "cylinder" in this document refers to both cylinders and tubes.

ISO 20475:2018 specifies the requirements for the periodic inspection and testing of cylinder bundles containing compressed, liquefied and dissolved gas. NOTE Additional requirements for acetylene cylinder bundles are provided in Annex A. ISO 20475:2018 also establishes general principles for the maintenance of cylinder bundles. ISO 20475:2018 is not applicable to acetylene bundles with solvent-free acetylene cylinders. ISO 20475:2018 excludes the requirements for cylinder bundles when they are a part of a battery vehicle. For some specific applications, e.g. offshore, additional requirements can apply.

ISO/TS 15453:2017 details the checks, inspections and tests to be performed in order to qualify and certify existing seamless steel and aluminium-alloy cylinders of water capacity less than 150 l used for the transport of gases, manufactured in a jurisdiction in accordance with its national regulations, for use in jurisdictions other than that of manufacture or first use. NOTE For specific requirements regarding gas cylinders that have been used in toxic gas service, see 5.7. ISO/TS 15453:2017 does not address acetylene cylinders.

ISO 24431:2016 specifies the inspection requirements at the time of filling, and applies to seamless or welded transportable gas cylinders made of steel or aluminium-alloy (Type 1), and for composite transportable gas cylinders (Types 2 to 5 inclusive) for liquefied or compressed gases of a water capacity up to 150 l. It may be applicable to cylinders and tubes with a water capacity between 150 l and 450 l, provided they are inspected and filled as individual cylinders and tubes. ISO 24431:2016 does not apply to acetylene cylinders, bundles of cylinders, tubes, multiple-element gas container (MEGCs) or battery vehicles. ISO 24431:2016 may also be applicable to LPG. For specific LPG applications, refer to ISO 10691. For cylinders manifolded in bundles, refer to ISO 11755.

ISO 16148:2016 gives procedures for the use of acoustic emission examination (AT) and ultrasonic examination (UT) follow-up during the periodic inspection and testing of seamless steel cylinders and tubes with a water capacity of up to 3 000 l used for compressed and liquefied gases. This examination provides acoustic emission (AE) indications and locations that are evaluated by a secondary examination using UT for a possible flaw in the cylinder or tube. Methods other than UT for the secondary examination are not covered by this International Standard. ISO 16148:2016 does not cover composite cylinders. CAUTION ? Some of the tests specified in this International Standard involve the use of processes which could lead to a hazardous situation.

ISO 21007-2:2015 establishes a common flexible framework for data structure to enable the unambiguous identification in gas cylinder (GC) applications and for other common data elements in this sector. ISO 21007-2:2015 enables a structure to allow some harmonization between different systems. However, it does not prescribe any one system and has been written in a non-mandatory style so as not to make it obsolete as technology changes. The main body of this part of ISO 21007 excludes any data elements that form any part of transmission or storage protocols such as headers and checksums. For details on cylinder/tag operations, see Annex A.

ISO 11623:2015 specifies the requirements for periodic inspection and testing and to verify the integrity for further service of hoop-wrapped and fully-wrapped composite transportable gas cylinders, with aluminium-alloy, steel or non-metallic liners or of linerless construction (Types 2, 3, 4, and 5), intended for compressed, liquefied or dissolved gases under pressure, of water capacity from 0,5 l up to 450 l. ISO 11623:2015 is written to address the periodic inspection and testing of composite cylinders constructed to ISO 11119‑1, ISO 11119‑2, and ISO 11119‑3 standards and can be applied to other composite cylinders designed to comparable standards when authorized by the competent authority. As far as practicable, this International Standard also can be applied to cylinders of less than 0,5 l water capacity.

ISO/TR 17329:2015 provides an inventory, as far as known at time of publication, of manufacturer's identification marks and their assigned radio frequency identification (RFID) codes according to ISO 21007-1 and ISO 21007-2. The listing includes marks of existing gas cylinder manufacturers, as well as cylinder manufacturers which have ceased production in the past, but whose cylinders can still be in service today. NOTE It is intended to revise Annex A of this Technical Report from time to time in order to update the list of codes and identification marks of gas cylinder manufacturers in accordance with the progressing commercial and economic development in the cylinder manufacturing industry. Any request for inclusion or modification of these identifications is to be made to the ISO/TC 58/SC 4 Secretariat, who would update the information in Annex A after consultation with the committee leadership.

ISO 10462:2013 specifies requirements for the periodic inspection of acetylene cylinders as required for the transport of dangerous goods and for maintenance in connection with periodic inspection. It applies to acetylene cylinders with and without solvent and with a maximum nominal water capacity of 150 l.

ISO 19078:2013 specifies the requirements for the inspection, installation and requalification of high pressure cylinders, designed and manufactured in accordance with the requirements of ISO 11439, for the on-board storage of natural gas as a fuel for automotive vehicles. It provides criteria, in the absence of guidance from the cylinder or vehicle manufacturer, for the acceptance (including any allowed rework) or rejection (including any allowed rework or destruction) of a cylinder and its installation.

ISO 11372:2011 specifies minimum requirements for the filling conditions and filling inspection of acetylene cylinders. ISO 11372:2011 is not applicable to an assembly of cylinders connected by a manifold, e.g. bundles (see ISO 13088).

ISO 13088:2011 specifies the minimum requirements for the filling conditions and filling inspection of acetylene cylinder bundles. It applies both to both bundles which are filled while the cylinders are assembled in the bundle and to bundles of which the cylinders are filled as individual cylinders and are assembled into a bundle after filling. It does not apply to bundles containing solvent-free acetylene cylinders. ISO 13088:2011 is not applicable to individual acetylene cylinders that are not intended to be assembled into a bundle (see ISO 11372).

ISO 25760:2009 is intended for suppliers, operators in testing facilities, operators performing cylinder maintenance and any person authorized to remove valves from gas cylinders. It details procedures for the safe removal of valves from cylinders and includes techniques for the identification of inoperable valves. Only the risks due to gas and gas mixtures under pressure are addressed; other technical issues relating to the removal of a valve from a cylinder are not covered. Some specialized equipment and procedures are in use in parts of the gas industry to safely remove cylinder valves from low pressure gas cylinders while under pressure, e.g. liquefied petroleum gas (LPG); these techniques are not included in ISO 25760:2009.

The aim of ISO/TR 22694:2008 is to establish a technical basis for developing quantitative, allowable flaw sizes and for setting acceptance/rejection limits for cylinders at the time of periodic inspection and testing based on the performance and mechanical properties of the cylinders.

ISO 11625:2007 specifies requirements for safe handling, use and storage of gas cylinders for compressed, liquefied or dissolved gases. This International Standard applies only to single gas cylinders of sizes from 0,5 l to 150 l water capacity. For specific gas applications such as welding, diving, inerting, etc., additional requirements apply which are not covered in ISO 11625:2007. Maintenance, repair, marking, labelling, inspection and retesting of gas cylinders, which are normally under the responsibility of the gas cylinder owner, are also not included in ISO 11625:2007.

ISO 32:2005 specifies a colour coding system for the secondary method of identification of the contents of industrial and medical gas cylinders with particular reference to the property of the gas or gas mixture. Cylinder labels are the primary method of indicating cylinder contents. ISO 32:2005 does not apply to cylinders containing liquefied petroleum gases (LPG) or to fire extinguishers.

ISO 7225:2005 specifies the design, content (i.e. hazard symbols and text) and application of precautionary labels intended for use on individual gas cylinders containing single gases or gas mixtures. Labels for cylinders of bundles and labels for bundles are not covered by ISO 7225:2005.

ISO 21007-1:2005 establishes a common framework for data structure for unambiguous identification of single or manifolded gas cylinders and for other common data elements in this sector. It also serves as a terminology document in the area of radio frequency identification (RFID) technology. The scheme and reference model architecture proposed is designed to be an enabling structure to allow some harmonization between different commercial systems and not prescriptive in determining any one system. It is not frequency or air interface protocol specific, provides maximum interoperability, has a high population capability and provides the possibility of upwards migration to more capable systems. ISO 21007-1:2005 provides a reference structure within which the key core elements of the data structure form an unambiguous identification that may be used to identify the message as a message from a gas cylinder within an electronic data interchange (EDI) environment and provides an application reference identifying that different data structure is contained in the message. A wide variety of such systems can be supported within the structure determined in ISO 21007-1:2005 such as identification of specialty gases and different gas applications. Each such system may range from individual simple identification to identification of such factors as content, fill date, history of use, etc. ISO 21007-1:2005 does not include the air interface or any aspect of the equipment, solely the data element structure. Subsequent parts of ISO 21007 will define the data structures for gas cylinders and for specific sectors of application. The numbering scheme views the Identification (ID) as a data element, and the common basic data structure is defined as a data identifier code. The adoption of the Abstract Syntax Notification (ASN.1) structure in a form to meet the requirements of ISO 21007-1:2005 and subsequent subordinate parts of ISO 21007 enables the ISO 21007 series of standards to meet its objectives of being adaptable and expandable, providing a migration path to enhancement and future developments, avoiding carrying unnecessary information for irrelevant applications in any data construct, using existing standard codings wherever possible, and carrying a minimum of overhead in storage and transmission.

ISO 11755:2005 specifies the requirements for inspection before, during and after the time of filling for cylinder bundles for compressed and liquefied gases, also referred to as bundles. ISO 11755:2005 does not apply to acetylene bundles. ISO 11755:2005 does not apply to bundles when they are a part of a battery vehicle.

ISO 10691:2004 specifies the procedures to be adopted when checking transportable refillable welded steel LPG cylinders before, during and after filling. It applies to transportable refillable welded steel LPG cylinders of water capacity from 0,5 l up to and including 150 l. It does not apply to cylinders permanently installed in vehicles, or to plant and filling equipment.

ISO 10464:2004 specifies the intervals and inspection and testing procedures for the periodic inspection of refillable welded steel dedicated LPG cylinders of water capacity from 0,5 l up to and including 150 l. It applies to cylinders protected by a system to prevent external corrosion and designed and manufactured in accordance with ISO 4706, ISO 22991 or an equivalent design and construction standard. ISO 10464 may also apply to other refillable welded steel cylinder designs for LPG with the approval of the national authority. Cylinders for the on-board storage of LPG as a fuel for vehicles are excluded from the standard, except cylinders used for fork-lift truck applications.

This International Standard specifies operational procedures for avoidance of neck and shoulder cracks in aluminium alloy cylinders having water capacities from 0,5 l to 150 l.

This International Standard applies to seamless steel, aluminium alloy and welded steel refillable cylinders of all sizes, including large cylinders (water capacity greater than 150 I). It provides general requirements and procedures to be considered whenever a cylinder is being transferred from one gas service to another for permanent and liquefied gases. It does not apply to cylinders for dissolved acetylene, radioactive gases or gases listed in group G of table I.

Cancels and replaces ISO recommendation R 32-1957, and its amendment 1-1966. Establishes a system of marking and a series of colours for the identification of the content of gas cylinders. In the case of gas mixtures, the cylinder shall bear the appropriate colours for the gases comprising the mixture, such colours to be visible from the valve end.

ISO 21007-2:2013 establishes a common framework for data structure to enable the unambiguous identification in gas cylinder (GC) applications and for other common data elements in this sector. It enables a structure to allow some harmonization between different systems. However, it does not prescribe any one system and has been written in a non-mandatory style so as not to make it obsolete as technology changes.

ISO 10961:2010 specifies the requirements for the design, construction, testing and initial inspection of a transportable cylinder bundle. It is applicable to cylinder bundles containing compressed gas, liquefied gas and mixtures thereof. It is also applicable to cylinder bundles for acetylene. It does not apply to packages in which cylinders are manifolded together in a support frame which is designed to be fixed permanently to a road vehicle, to a railway wagon or to the ground as a customer storage vessel. It does not apply to cylinder bundles which are designed for use in extreme environmental or operational conditions when additional and extraordinary requirements are imposed to maintain safety standards, reliability and performance, e.g. offshore cylinder bundles. Specific requirements for acetylene cylinder bundles containing acetylene in a solvent are included in an annex. ISO 10961 does not, however, cover acetylene cylinder bundles with solvent-free acetylene cylinders. ISO 10961 is intended primarily for industrial gases other than liquefied petroleum gases (LPGs), but it may also be used for LPGs.

ISO 10961:2010 specifies the requirements for the design, construction, testing and initial inspection of a transportable cylinder bundle. It is applicable to cylinder bundles containing compressed gas, liquefied gas and mixtures thereof. It is also applicable to cylinder bundles for acetylene. It does not apply to packages in which cylinders are manifolded together in a support frame which is designed to be fixed permanently to a road vehicle, to a railway wagon or to the ground as a customer storage vessel. It does not apply to cylinder bundles which are designed for use in extreme environmental or operational conditions when additional and extraordinary requirements are imposed to maintain safety standards, reliability and performance, e.g. offshore cylinder bundles. Specific requirements for acetylene cylinder bundles containing acetylene in a solvent are included in an annex. ISO 10961 does not, however, cover acetylene cylinder bundles with solvent-free acetylene cylinders. ISO 10961 is intended primarily for industrial gases other than liquefied petroleum gases (LPGs), but it may also be used for LPGs.

ISO 13769:2007 specifies stamp marking of refillable transportable gas cylinders and tubes of volume greater than 0,5 l and less than or equal to 3 000 l, including: steel and aluminium gas cylinders; composite gas cylinders; acetylene cylinders; LPG cylinders.

ISO 19078:2006 specifies the requirements for the inspection of the cylinder installation and the requalification of high pressure cylinders, designed and manufactured in accordance with ISO 11439, for the on-board storage of natural gas as a fuel for automotive vehicles. The purpose of ISO 19078:2006 is to provide guidance for the inspection of these cylinders in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations, and to provide criteria for acceptance or rejection in the absence of guidance from the manufacturer, with subsequent disposition as necessary.

ISO 24431:2006 specifies the inspection requirements at the time of filling, and applies to seamless or welded transportable gas cylinders made of steel or aluminium alloy for liquefied or compressed gases (excluding acetylene) of a water capacity of between 0,5 l and 150 l. It also applies to cylinders of less than 0,5 l water capacity, as far as practicable. ISO 24431:2006 does not apply to cylinders manifolded in bundles or trailers. ISO 24431:2006 applies primarily to industrial gases other than liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), but may also be applied to LPG. For specific LPG applications, refer to ISO 10691. For cylinders manifolded in bundles, refer to ISO 11755.

ISO 16148:2006 is a guideline for using acoustic emission testing (AT) during re-qualification of seamless steel cylinders and tubes of water capacity up to 3 000 l used for compressed and liquefied gases. For cylinders below 20 l additional precautions may be taken due to the potential reflections from the ends. This test provides indications and locations that should be evaluated by another test for a possible flaw in the cylinder. ISO 16148:2006 covers monolithic steel cylinders.

ISO 11372:2005 specifies minimum requirements that reflect current practice and experience for inspection at time of filling of single cylinders of water capacity up to 150 l for the storage and transport of dissolved acetylene gas under pressure. ISO 11372:2005 is not applicable to palletized cylinders, or to manifolded cylinders or manifolded bundles on trailers. ISO 11372:2005 does not cover aspects related to the inspection or testing of the porous material.

ISO 21007-2:2005 establishes a common framework for data structure to enable the unambiguous identification in gas cylinder applications and for other common data elements in this sector. ISO 21007-2:2005 enables a structure to allow some harmonization between different systems. However, it does not prescribe any one system and has been written in a non-mandatory style so as not to make it obsolete as technology changes. The main body of ISO 21007-2:2005 excludes any data elements that form any part of transmission or storage protocols such as headers and checksums.

ISO 11622:2005 specifies the general requirements (charging pressure, filling ratio, etc.) for filling single gas cylinders and manifolded gas cylinders (bundles) with single component gases. ISO 11622:2005 excludes the specific requirements for filling cryogenic gas and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) commercial-grade cylinders.

ISO 10461:2005 deals with seamless aluminium-alloy transportable gas cylinders intended for compressed and liquefied gases under pressure, of water capacity from 0,5 l to 150 l; it also applies, as far as practical, to cylinders of less than 0,5 l water capacity. ISO 10461:2005 specifies the requirements for periodic inspection and testing to verify the integrity of such gas cylinders for further service. It does not apply to periodic inspection and testing of acetylene cylinders or composite cylinders with aluminium-alloy liners.

ISO 10462:2005 specifies requirements for the periodic inspection of seamless and welded cylinders manufactured from steel or aluminium alloys intended for the transport of acetylene in cylinders of water capacity up to 150 l and requirements for the periodic inspection and maintenance of acetylene cylinders, regardless of the method of manufacture of the shell.

ISO 10460:2004 deals with welded, carbon steel transportable gas cylinders intended for compressed and liquefied gases under pressure of water capacity from 0,5 l to 150 l; it also applies, as far as practical to cylinders of less than 0,5 l water capacity and greater than 150 l up to 450 l. ISO 10460:2004 specifies the requirements for periodic inspection and testing to verify the integrity of such gas cylinders for further service. ISO 10460:2004 does not apply to the periodic inspection and testing of acetylene cylinders or composite (fully wrapped or hoop-wrapped) cylinders. ISO 10460:2004 is primarily for industrial gases other than liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), but may also be applied for LPG. For specific LPG applications, see ISO 10464.

ISO 6406:2005 deals with seamless steel transportable gas cylinders (single or those that comprise a bundle) intended for compressed and liquefied gases under pressure, of water capacity from 0,5 l up to 150 l; it also applies, as far as practical, to cylinders of less than 0,5 l water capacity. ISO 6406:2005 specifies the requirements for periodic inspection and testing to verify the integrity of such gas cylinders to be re-introduced into service for a further period of time. ISO 6406:2005 does not apply to periodic inspection and testing of acetylene cylinders or composite cylinders with steel liners.