M/581 - Alternative fuels infra II
Standardisation Request as regards communication exchange, electricity, and hydrogen supply for road, maritime transport and inland navigation in support of Directive 2014/94/EU and its planned revision under the ‘Fit for 55’package
Mandate M/581 requests European standardisation organisations to develop standards for communication exchange, electricity, and hydrogen supply infrastructure for road, maritime transport, and inland navigation. This mandate supports the implementation of Directive 2014/94/EU on alternative fuels infrastructure and its forthcoming revision under the EU's ‘Fit for 55’ climate package. The aim is to standardise and facilitate interoperable and efficient alternative fuel distribution, enhancing the deployment of clean energy solutions across transport modes to meet environmental and sustainability targets.
Purpose
This mandate addresses the need for harmonised standards to support the deployment of alternative fuels infrastructure across different transport sectors. It specifically focuses on communication exchange, electricity, and hydrogen supply for road, maritime transport, and inland navigation. The work under this mandate aims to facilitate the implementation of Directive 2014/94/EU, which targets the deployment of alternative fuels infrastructure in the European Union, and to align with the directive's anticipated revision within the European Commission’s ‘Fit for 55’ package for climate and energy policy.
Standardisation request
The mandate requests the development and updating of European standards related to:
- Communication protocols and data exchange systems for alternative fuels infrastructure.
- Technical specifications for electricity supply infrastructure, including charging points and grid connections for electric vehicles.
- Specifications and safety standards for hydrogen supply and refuelling infrastructure across road transport, maritime transport, and inland navigation.
These standards are to ensure interoperability, safety, reliability, and efficiency of the alternative fuels infrastructure throughout the EU internal market.
Expected deliverables
- European Standards (ENs) and/or technical specifications covering communication systems for data exchange and interoperability.
- Harmonised technical requirements for electric charging infrastructure, ensuring compatibility and user safety.
- Standards for hydrogen production, storage, distribution, and refuelling systems adapted to different transport modes.
- Guidance documents or technical reports supporting the practical deployment and compliance with the standards.
- Updates or revisions to existing standards to incorporate technological advances or changes stemming from the revision of Directive 2014/94/EU.
Context
Directive 2014/94/EU sets out a framework for the deployment of alternative fuels infrastructure to reduce emissions and dependence on fossil fuels in transport. The ‘Fit for 55’ package is the European Union’s ambitious policy plan aimed at reducing net greenhouse gas emissions by at least 55% by 2030. The revision of Directive 2014/94/EU under this package is expected to extend and strengthen requirements for alternative fuels infrastructure. Standardisation under Mandate M/581 ensures that technical solutions are harmonised and support the policy objectives effectively, facilitating a seamless and sustainable transition in the transport sectors at the EU level.
This mandate covers standardisation work related to communication exchange, electricity, and hydrogen supply infrastructure for road transport, maritime transport, and inland navigation. It supports the implementation and planned revision of Directive 2014/94/EU concerning alternative fuels infrastructure, aiming to facilitate the deployment and interoperability of alternative fuel technologies across these transport modes.
General Information
This document specifies requirements for methanol bunkering transfer systems to and from inland navigation vessels. The various scenarios for the bunker facility operator concern land, truck and vessel (barge). It concerns design, dimensions and technical requirements for the transfer of methanol, including the nozzle, connection, inner and outer flanges and failsafe features.
This document also specifies the process and procedures for the bunkering operations, as well as responsibilities and risk assessment scope, taking into consideration the specific hazards in handling and bunkering methanol fuel. Next to this, the requirement for the methanol provider to provide a bunker delivery note and training and qualification of personnel involved.
This document is not applicable to cargo operations.
- Standard26 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the design, safety and operation characteristics of gaseous hydrogen land vehicle (GHLV) refuelling connectors.
GHLV refuelling connectors consist of the following components, as applicable:
— receptacle and protective cap (mounted on vehicle);
— nozzle;
— communication hardware.
This document is applicable to refuelling connectors which have nominal working pressures or hydrogen service levels up to 70 MPa and maximum flow rates up to 120 g/s.
This document is not applicable to refuelling connectors dispensing blends of hydrogen with natural gas.
- Standard64 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies requirements for methanol bunkering transfer systems to and from inland navigation vessels. The various scenarios for the bunker facility operator concern land, truck and vessel (barge). It concerns design, dimensions and technical requirements for the transfer of methanol, including the nozzle, connection, inner and outer flanges and failsafe features.
This document also specifies the process and procedures for the bunkering operations, as well as responsibilities and risk assessment scope, taking into consideration the specific hazards in handling and bunkering methanol fuel. Next to this, the requirement for the methanol provider to provide a bunker delivery note and training and qualification of personnel involved.
This document is not applicable to cargo operations.
- Standard26 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the design, safety and operation characteristics of gaseous hydrogen land vehicle (GHLV) refuelling connectors.
GHLV refuelling connectors consist of the following components, as applicable:
— receptacle and protective cap (mounted on vehicle);
— nozzle;
— communication hardware.
This document is applicable to refuelling connectors which have nominal working pressures or hydrogen service levels up to 70 MPa and maximum flow rates up to 120 g/s.
This document is not applicable to refuelling connectors dispensing blends of hydrogen with natural gas.
- Standard64 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the physical and data link layer of high-level communication (HLC) between electric vehicles (EV) and electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) based on single-pair Ethernet communication. Single-pair Ethernet communication uses differential twisted pair wires that are dedicated and balanced. This document applies to 10BASE-T1S only.
This document covers the overall information exchange between all actors involved in electrical energy exchange. The ISO 15118 series applies to charging between EV and EVSE.
- Standard22 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the physical and data link layer of high-level communication (HLC) between electric vehicles (EV) and electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) based on single-pair Ethernet communication. Single-pair Ethernet communication uses differential twisted pair wires that are dedicated and balanced. This document applies to 10BASE-T1S only.
This document covers the overall information exchange between all actors involved in electrical energy exchange. The ISO 15118 series applies to charging between EV and EVSE.
- Standard22 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document defines the minimum requirements to ensure the interoperability of hydrogen refuelling points, including refuelling protocols that dispense gaseous hydrogen to road vehicles (e.g. Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles) that comply with legislation applicable to such vehicles.
The safety and performance requirements for the entire hydrogen fuelling station, addressed in accordance with existing relevant European and national legislation, are not included in this document.
This document applies to hydrogen refuelling points dispensing gaseous hydrogen to vehicles compliant with UN R134 (Regulation No. 134), UN R134 or Regulation (EC) No 79/2009.
NOTE 1 Guidance on considerations for hydrogen fuelling stations is provided in ISO 19880 1:2020.
NOTE 2 Units used in this document follow SI (International System of Units).
- Standard19 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document defines the minimum requirements to ensure the interoperability of hydrogen refuelling points, including refuelling protocols that dispense gaseous hydrogen to road vehicles (e.g. Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles) that comply with legislation applicable to such vehicles.
The safety and performance requirements for the entire hydrogen fuelling station, addressed in accordance with existing relevant European and national legislation, are not included in this document.
This document applies to hydrogen refuelling points dispensing gaseous hydrogen to vehicles compliant with UN R134 (Regulation No. 134), UN R134 or Regulation (EC) No 79/2009.
NOTE 1 Guidance on considerations for hydrogen fuelling stations is provided in ISO 19880 1:2020.
NOTE 2 Units used in this document follow SI (International System of Units).
- Standard19 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the communication between the electric vehicle (EV), including battery electric vehicle (BEV) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV), and the electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE). The application layer messages defined in this document are designed to support the electricity power transfer between an EV and an EVSE.
This document defines the communication messages and sequence requirements for bidirectional power transfer.
This document furthermore defines requirements of wireless communication for both conductive charging and wireless charging as well as communication requirements for automatic connection device and information services about charging and control status.
The purpose of this document is to detail the communication between an electric vehicle communication controller (EVCC) and a supply equipment communication controller (SECC). Aspects are specified to detect a vehicle in a communication network and enable an Internet Protocol (IP) based communication between the EVCC and the SECC.
- Standard570 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the communication between the electric vehicle (EV), including battery electric vehicle (BEV) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV), and the electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE). The application layer messages defined in this document are designed to support the electricity power transfer between an EV and an EVSE.
This document defines the communication messages and sequence requirements for bidirectional power transfer.
This document furthermore defines requirements of wireless communication for both conductive charging and wireless charging as well as communication requirements for automatic connection device and information services about charging and control status.
The purpose of this document is to detail the communication between an electric vehicle communication controller (EVCC) and a supply equipment communication controller (SECC). Aspects are specified to detect a vehicle in a communication network and enable an Internet Protocol (IP) based communication between the EVCC and the SECC.
- Standard570 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 15118-4:2018 specifies conformance tests in the form of an Abstract Test Suite (ATS) for a System Under Test (SUT) implementing an EVCC or SECC according to ISO 15118-2. These conformance tests specify the testing of capabilities and behaviors of an SUT as well as checking what is observed against the conformance requirements specified in ISO 15118-2 and against what the supplier states the SUT implementation's capabilities are.
The capability tests within the ATS check that the observable capabilities of the SUT are in accordance with the static conformance requirements defined in ISO 15118-2. The behavior tests of the ATS examine an implementation as thoroughly as is practical over the full range of dynamic conformance requirements defined in ISO 15118-2 and within the capabilities of the SUT (see NOTE).
A test architecture is described in correspondence to the ATS. The conformance test cases in this document are described leveraging this test architecture and are specified in TTCN-3 Core Language for ISO/OSI Network Layer (Layer 3) and above. The conformance test cases for the Data Link Layer (Layer 2) and Physical Layer (Layer 1) are described in ISO 15118-5. Test cases with overlapping scopes are explicitly detailed.
This document does not include specific tests of other standards referenced within ISO 15118-2, e.g. IETF RFCs. Furthermore, the conformance tests specified in this document do not include the assessment of performance nor robustness or reliability of an implementation. They cannot provide judgments on the physical realization of abstract service primitives, how a system is implemented, how it provides any requested service, nor the environment of the protocol implementation. Furthermore, the test cases defined in this document only consider the communication protocol defined ISO 15118-2. Power flow between the EVSE and the EV is not considered.
NOTE 1 Practical limitations make it impossible to define an exhaustive test suite, and economic considerations can restrict testing even further. Hence, the purpose of this document is to increase the probability that different implementations are able to interwork. This is achieved by verifying them by means of a protocol test suite, thereby increasing the confidence that each implementation conforms to the protocol specification. However, the specified protocol test suite cannot guarantee conformance to the specification since it detects errors rather than their absence. Thus conformance to a test suite alone cannot guarantee interworking. What it does do is give confidence that an implementation has the required capabilities and that its behavior conforms consistently in representative instances of communication.
NOTE 2 This document has some interdependencies to the conformance tests defined in ISO 15118-5 which result from ISO/OSI cross layer dependencies in the underlying protocol specification (e.g. for sleep mode)
- Standard1470 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 15118-4:2018 specifies conformance tests in the form of an Abstract Test Suite (ATS) for a System Under Test (SUT) implementing an EVCC or SECC according to ISO 15118-2. These conformance tests specify the testing of capabilities and behaviors of an SUT as well as checking what is observed against the conformance requirements specified in ISO 15118-2 and against what the supplier states the SUT implementation's capabilities are.
The capability tests within the ATS check that the observable capabilities of the SUT are in accordance with the static conformance requirements defined in ISO 15118-2. The behavior tests of the ATS examine an implementation as thoroughly as is practical over the full range of dynamic conformance requirements defined in ISO 15118-2 and within the capabilities of the SUT (see NOTE).
A test architecture is described in correspondence to the ATS. The conformance test cases in this document are described leveraging this test architecture and are specified in TTCN-3 Core Language for ISO/OSI Network Layer (Layer 3) and above. The conformance test cases for the Data Link Layer (Layer 2) and Physical Layer (Layer 1) are described in ISO 15118-5. Test cases with overlapping scopes are explicitly detailed.
This document does not include specific tests of other standards referenced within ISO 15118-2, e.g. IETF RFCs. Furthermore, the conformance tests specified in this document do not include the assessment of performance nor robustness or reliability of an implementation. They cannot provide judgments on the physical realization of abstract service primitives, how a system is implemented, how it provides any requested service, nor the environment of the protocol implementation. Furthermore, the test cases defined in this document only consider the communication protocol defined ISO 15118-2. Power flow between the EVSE and the EV is not considered.
NOTE 1 Practical limitations make it impossible to define an exhaustive test suite, and economic considerations can restrict testing even further. Hence, the purpose of this document is to increase the probability that different implementations are able to interwork. This is achieved by verifying them by means of a protocol test suite, thereby increasing the confidence that each implementation conforms to the protocol specification. However, the specified protocol test suite cannot guarantee conformance to the specification since it detects errors rather than their absence. Thus conformance to a test suite alone cannot guarantee interworking. What it does do is give confidence that an implementation has the required capabilities and that its behavior conforms consistently in representative instances of communication.
NOTE 2 This document has some interdependencies to the conformance tests defined in ISO 15118-5 which result from ISO/OSI cross layer dependencies in the underlying protocol specification (e.g. for sleep mode)
- Standard1470 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document defines the design, safety and operation characteristics of gaseous hydrogen land vehicle (GHLV) refuelling connectors having flow capacities greater than 120 g/s.
GHLV refuelling connectors consist of the following components, as applicable:
— receptacle and protective cap (mounted on vehicle);
— nozzle;
— communication hardware.
This document is applicable to refuelling connectors which have nominal working pressures or hydrogen service levels up to 70 MPa.
This document is not applicable to refuelling connectors dispensing blends of hydrogen with natural gas.
- Draft57 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 15118-2:2014 specifies the communication between battery electric vehicles (BEV) or plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) and the Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment. The application layer message set defined in ISO 15118-2:2014 is designed to support the energy transfer from an EVSE to an EV. ISO 15118-1 contains additional use case elements describing the bidirectional energy transfer. The implementation of these use cases requires enhancements of the application layer message set defined herein.
The purpose of ISO 15118-2:2014 is to detail the communication between an EV (BEV or a PHEV) and an EVSE. Aspects are specified to detect a vehicle in a communication network and enable an Internet Protocol (IP) based communication between EVCC and SECC.
ISO 15118-2:2014 defines messages, data model, XML/EXI based data representation format, usage of V2GTP, TLS, TCP and IPv6. In addition, it describes how data link layer services can be accessed from a layer 3 perspective. The Data Link Layer and Physical Layer functionality is described in ISO 15118-3.
- Draft443 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document defines the minimum requirements to ensure the interoperability of hydrogen refuelling points, including refuelling protocols that dispense liquid hydrogen to road vehicles that comply with legislation applicable to such vehicles. This document focuses on heavy-duty vehicles as defined in Regulation (EU) 2023/1804.
The safety and performance requirements for the entire hydrogen fuelling station, addressed in accordance with existing relevant European and national legislation, are not included in this document.
This document applies to hydrogen refuelling points and dispensing systems providing liquid hydrogen to vehicles compliant with Regulation (EU) 2019/2144.
NOTE Guidance on considerations for hydrogen fuelling stations is provided in ISO 13984:-.
- Draft20 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
- Draft179 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 15118-4:2018 specifies conformance tests in the form of an Abstract Test Suite (ATS) for a System Under Test (SUT) implementing an EVCC or SECC according to ISO 15118-2. These conformance tests specify the testing of capabilities and behaviors of an SUT as well as checking what is observed against the conformance requirements specified in ISO 15118-2 and against what the supplier states the SUT implementation's capabilities are.
The capability tests within the ATS check that the observable capabilities of the SUT are in accordance with the static conformance requirements defined in ISO 15118-2. The behavior tests of the ATS examine an implementation as thoroughly as is practical over the full range of dynamic conformance requirements defined in ISO 15118-2 and within the capabilities of the SUT (see NOTE).
A test architecture is described in correspondence to the ATS. The conformance test cases in this document are described leveraging this test architecture and are specified in TTCN-3 Core Language for ISO/OSI Network Layer (Layer 3) and above. The conformance test cases for the Data Link Layer (Layer 2) and Physical Layer (Layer 1) are described in ISO 15118-5. Test cases with overlapping scopes are explicitly detailed.
This document does not include specific tests of other standards referenced within ISO 15118-2, e.g. IETF RFCs. Furthermore, the conformance tests specified in this document do not include the assessment of performance nor robustness or reliability of an implementation. They cannot provide judgments on the physical realization of abstract service primitives, how a system is implemented, how it provides any requested service, nor the environment of the protocol implementation. Furthermore, the test cases defined in this document only consider the communication protocol defined ISO 15118-2. Power flow between the EVSE and the EV is not considered.
NOTE 1 Practical limitations make it impossible to define an exhaustive test suite, and economic considerations can restrict testing even further. Hence, the purpose of this document is to increase the probability that different implementations are able to interwork. This is achieved by verifying them by means of a protocol test suite, thereby increasing the confidence that each implementation conforms to the protocol specification. However, the specified protocol test suite cannot guarantee conformance to the specification since it detects errors rather than their absence. Thus conformance to a test suite alone cannot guarantee interworking. What it does do is give confidence that an implementation has the required capabilities and that its behavior conforms consistently in representative instances of communication.
NOTE 2 This document has some interdependencies to the conformance tests defined in ISO 15118-5 which result from ISO/OSI cross layer dependencies in the underlying protocol specification (e.g. for sleep mode)
- Draft1619 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document defines the design, safety and operation characteristics of gaseous hydrogen land vehicle (GHLV) refuelling connectors having flow capacities greater than 120 g/s.
GHLV refuelling connectors consist of the following components, as applicable:
— receptacle and protective cap (mounted on vehicle);
— nozzle;
— communication hardware.
This document is applicable to refuelling connectors which have nominal working pressures or hydrogen service levels up to 70 MPa.
This document is not applicable to refuelling connectors dispensing blends of hydrogen with natural gas.
- Draft57 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document defines the minimum requirements to ensure the interoperability of hydrogen refuelling points, including refuelling protocols that dispense liquid hydrogen to road vehicles that comply with legislation applicable to such vehicles. This document focuses on heavy-duty vehicles as defined in Regulation (EU) 2023/1804.
The safety and performance requirements for the entire hydrogen fuelling station, addressed in accordance with existing relevant European and national legislation, are not included in this document.
This document applies to hydrogen refuelling points and dispensing systems providing liquid hydrogen to vehicles compliant with Regulation (EU) 2019/2144.
NOTE Guidance on considerations for hydrogen fuelling stations is provided in ISO 13984:-.
- Draft20 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 15118-2:2014 specifies the communication between battery electric vehicles (BEV) or plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) and the Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment. The application layer message set defined in ISO 15118-2:2014 is designed to support the energy transfer from an EVSE to an EV. ISO 15118-1 contains additional use case elements describing the bidirectional energy transfer. The implementation of these use cases requires enhancements of the application layer message set defined herein.
The purpose of ISO 15118-2:2014 is to detail the communication between an EV (BEV or a PHEV) and an EVSE. Aspects are specified to detect a vehicle in a communication network and enable an Internet Protocol (IP) based communication between EVCC and SECC.
ISO 15118-2:2014 defines messages, data model, XML/EXI based data representation format, usage of V2GTP, TLS, TCP and IPv6. In addition, it describes how data link layer services can be accessed from a layer 3 perspective. The Data Link Layer and Physical Layer functionality is described in ISO 15118-3.
- Draft443 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
- Draft179 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 15118-4:2018 specifies conformance tests in the form of an Abstract Test Suite (ATS) for a System Under Test (SUT) implementing an EVCC or SECC according to ISO 15118-2. These conformance tests specify the testing of capabilities and behaviors of an SUT as well as checking what is observed against the conformance requirements specified in ISO 15118-2 and against what the supplier states the SUT implementation's capabilities are.
The capability tests within the ATS check that the observable capabilities of the SUT are in accordance with the static conformance requirements defined in ISO 15118-2. The behavior tests of the ATS examine an implementation as thoroughly as is practical over the full range of dynamic conformance requirements defined in ISO 15118-2 and within the capabilities of the SUT (see NOTE).
A test architecture is described in correspondence to the ATS. The conformance test cases in this document are described leveraging this test architecture and are specified in TTCN-3 Core Language for ISO/OSI Network Layer (Layer 3) and above. The conformance test cases for the Data Link Layer (Layer 2) and Physical Layer (Layer 1) are described in ISO 15118-5. Test cases with overlapping scopes are explicitly detailed.
This document does not include specific tests of other standards referenced within ISO 15118-2, e.g. IETF RFCs. Furthermore, the conformance tests specified in this document do not include the assessment of performance nor robustness or reliability of an implementation. They cannot provide judgments on the physical realization of abstract service primitives, how a system is implemented, how it provides any requested service, nor the environment of the protocol implementation. Furthermore, the test cases defined in this document only consider the communication protocol defined ISO 15118-2. Power flow between the EVSE and the EV is not considered.
NOTE 1 Practical limitations make it impossible to define an exhaustive test suite, and economic considerations can restrict testing even further. Hence, the purpose of this document is to increase the probability that different implementations are able to interwork. This is achieved by verifying them by means of a protocol test suite, thereby increasing the confidence that each implementation conforms to the protocol specification. However, the specified protocol test suite cannot guarantee conformance to the specification since it detects errors rather than their absence. Thus conformance to a test suite alone cannot guarantee interworking. What it does do is give confidence that an implementation has the required capabilities and that its behavior conforms consistently in representative instances of communication.
NOTE 2 This document has some interdependencies to the conformance tests defined in ISO 15118-5 which result from ISO/OSI cross layer dependencies in the underlying protocol specification (e.g. for sleep mode)
- Draft1619 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
Frequently Asked Questions
A European Standardization Mandate is a formal request from the European Commission to the European Standardization Organizations (CEN, CENELEC, and ETSI) to develop European standards (ENs) in support of EU legislation and policies. Mandates are issued under Regulation (EU) No 1025/2012 and help ensure that products and services meet the essential requirements set out in EU directives and regulations.
M/581 is a European Standardization Mandate titled "Standardisation Request as regards communication exchange, electricity, and hydrogen supply for road, maritime transport and inland navigation in support of Directive 2014/94/EU and its planned revision under the ‘Fit for 55’package". Standardisation Request as regards communication exchange, electricity, and hydrogen supply for road, maritime transport and inland navigation in support of Directive 2014/94/EU and its planned revision under the ‘Fit for 55’package There are 22 standards developed under this mandate.
Standards developed in response to a mandate and cited in the Official Journal of the European Union become "harmonized standards". Products manufactured in compliance with harmonized standards benefit from a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of the corresponding EU directive or regulation, facilitating CE marking and market access across the European Economic Area.