ASTM F406-22

Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Non-Full-Size Baby Cribs/Play Yards

SCOPE
1.1 This consumer safety specification establishes testing requirements for structural integrity and performance requirements for non-full-size cribs/play yards, both rigid sided and mesh/fabric assemblies. It also provides requirements for labeling and instructional material. The term unit or product will refer to a non-full-size crib/play yard.  
1.2 This specification covers a framed enclosure with a floor made for the purpose of providing sleeping or playing accommodations, or both, for a child who cannot climb out and is less than 35 in. (890 mm) in height. It also covers bassinet, changing table, or similar accessories to a non-full size crib/play yard. These accessories shall also comply with the applicable requirements of ASTM standards addressing those accessories. For example, a changing table that attaches to a play yard shall also comply with the applicable requirements in Specification F2388. This specification does not cover inflatable products.  
1.3 No product produced after the approval date of this consumer safety specification shall, either by label or other means, indicate compliance with this specification unless it conforms to all applicable requirements contained herein, before and after all testing.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 8, of this specification:  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: This consumer safety specification includes the following sections:    
Title  
Section  
Scope  
1  
Referenced Documents  
2  
ASTM Standards  
2.1  
EN Standards  
2.2  
ISO Standards  
2.3  
Federal Regulations  
2.4  
Terminology  
3  
Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard  
3.1  
Accessory  
3.1.23  
Accessory Attachment Components  
3.1.1  
Bassinet/Cradle Accessory  
3.1.2  
Cantilevered Accessory  
3.1.3  
Conspicuous  
3.1.4  
Cord  
3.1.5  
Corner Post  
3.1.6  
Dropgate  
3.1.7  
Dynamic Load  
3.1.8  
Fabric  
3.1.9  
Foldable Side or End  
3.1.10  
Key Structural Elements  
3.1.11  
Manufacturer's Recommended Use Position  
3.1.12  
Mattress  
3.1.13  
Mattress Support Surface  
3.1.14  
Mesh  
3.1.15  
Mesh/Fabric Unit  
3.1.16  
Moveable Side  
3.1.17  
Non-Full-Size Crib  
3.1.18  
Non-paper Label  
3.1.19  
Occupant  
3.1.20  
Paper Label  
3.1.21  
Play Yard  
3.1.22  
Protrusion  
3.1.24  
Rigid Sided Product  
3.1.25  
Seam  
3.1.26  
Static Load  
3.1.27  
Stationary Side  
3.1.28  
Strap  
3.1.29  
Structural Failure  
3.1.30  
Calibration and Standardization  
4  
General Requirements  
5  
Corner Posts  
5.1  
Scissoring, Shearing, or Pinching  
5.6  
Latching and Locking Mechanisms  
5.8  
Openings  
5.9  
Protective Components  
5.10  
Labeling  
5.11  
Stability  
5.12  
Cords/Straps  
5.13  
Coil Springs  
5.14  
Entrapment in Accessories  
5.15  
Mattress  
5.16  
Mattresses for Rigid Sided Products  
5.17  
Protrusions  
5.18  
Bassinet/Cradle Accessories – Missing
Accessory Attachment Components  
5.19  
Record Keeping  
5.20  
Performance Requirements for Rigid Sided Products  
6  
Crib-Side Height  
6.2  
Spacing of Unit Components  
6.3  
Hardware  
6.4  
Fasteners  
6.5  
Construction and Finishing  
6.6  
Requirements for Cutouts  
6.7  
Plastic Teething Rail...

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Sep-2022
• ICS: 97.190 - Equipment for children
• Technical Committee: F15 - Consumer Products
• Drafting Committee: F15.18 - Cribs, Toddler Beds, Play Yards, Bassinets, Cradles and Baby Changing Products

Relations

• Refers: ASTM F963-23 - Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Safety
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2023
• Refers: ASTM F1004-18 - Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Expansion Gates and Expandable Enclosures
• Effective Date: 15-May-2018
• Refers: ASTM F2388-17a - Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Baby Changing Products for Domestic Use
• Effective Date: 15-Oct-2017
• Refers: ASTM F2388-17 - Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Baby Changing Products for Domestic Use
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2017
• Refers: ASTM D1683/D1683M-17e1 - Standard Test Method for Failure in Sewn Seams of Woven Fabrics
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2017
• Refers: ASTM D1683/D1683M-17 - Standard Test Method for Failure in Sewn Seams of Woven Fabrics
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2017
• Refers: ASTM D1683/D1683M-16 - Standard Test Method for Failure in Sewn Seams of Woven Fabrics
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2016
• Refers: ASTM F963-16 - Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Safety
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2016
• Refers: ASTM F1004-16b - Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Expansion Gates and Expandable Enclosures
• Effective Date: 15-Jul-2016
• Refers: ASTM F1004-16a - Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Expansion Gates and Expandable Enclosures
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2016
• Refers: ASTM F2388-16 - Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Baby Changing Tables for Domestic Use
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2016
• Refers: ASTM F1004-16 - Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Expansion Gates and Expandable Enclosures
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2016
• Refers: ASTM F1004-15a - Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Expansion Gates and Expandable Enclosures
• Effective Date: 15-Jul-2015
• Refers: ASTM F1004-15 - Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Expansion Gates and Expandable Enclosures
• Effective Date: 15-May-2015
• Refers: ASTM F2388-15 - Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Baby Changing Tables for Domestic Use
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2015

Overview

ASTM F406-22: Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Non-Full-Size Baby Cribs/Play Yards is a comprehensive safety standard developed by ASTM International specifically for non-full-size cribs and play yards. This specification sets forth structural integrity, performance, labeling, and instructional requirements to reduce the risk of injury to young children using these products. It covers products with rigid sides and those that use mesh or fabric assemblies, as well as accessories such as bassinets and changing tables designed to attach to play yards or non-full-size cribs. Inflatable products are excluded.

Key Topics

• Structural Integrity: ASTM F406-22 includes requirements for the strength, stability, and construction of both rigid-sided and mesh/fabric-sided cribs and play yards. It addresses issues of component spacing, slat strength, hardware durability, and secure attachment mechanisms to prevent collapse or failure under normal use.

• Entrapment and Injury Hazards: The standard covers design features that minimize entrapment, strangulation, choking, and pinching risks. Key requirements include limitations on opening sizes, protection from protruding hardware, and secure latching mechanisms to prevent accidental folding, collapse, or failure.

• Accessories and Attachments: Accessories such as bassinets and changing tables must meet the safety requirements of ASTM F406-22 as well as relevant accessory-specific standards. The standard covers secure attachment, avoidance of hazardous gaps, and specific performance tests for these components.

• Labeling and Instructions: ASTM F406-22 mandates permanent warning labels and clear instructional materials for safe use, assembly, and maintenance, in line with regulatory requirements. Label permanency and the inclusion of safety warnings are subject to specific durability tests.

• Materials and Toxicity: All coatings and materials must comply with federal regulations concerning hazardous substances, flammability, lead content, sharp points, and edges, ensuring safety from toxic exposure.

Applications

ASTM F406-22 is essential for:

• Manufacturers: Ensuring that non-full-size baby cribs and play yards meet up-to-date safety benchmarks before market introduction. Compliance aids in reducing the risk of product recalls, legal liability, and consumer injuries.
• Product Designers and Engineers: Guiding the development of safer products through detailed engineering requirements and test procedures for structural components and accessory attachment.
• Regulatory Compliance Teams: Verifying conformance with consumer protection laws, including the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) requirements for juvenile products.
• Retailers and Importers: Selecting and promoting products that meet recognized U.S. and international safety standards to enhance consumer trust.
• Testing Labs: Conducting required performance, mechanical, and chemical tests as defined in the standard to certify product safety prior to distribution.

Related Standards

ASTM F406-22 references and aligns with numerous related standards to ensure comprehensive coverage of safety and performance:

• ASTM F963: Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Safety
• ASTM F2388: Consumer Safety Specification for Baby Changing Products for Domestic Use
• EN 716-1: Cots and Folding Cots for Domestic Use (European Standard)
• ISO 8124-1: Safety Aspects Related to Mechanical and Physical Properties
• 16 CFR 1303: Ban of Lead-Containing Paint
• 16 CFR 1500/1501/1509: U.S. Federal Regulations on hazardous substances, sharp edges, small parts, and baby cribs

By adhering to ASTM F406-22, stakeholders in the juvenile products industry ensure a high standard of safety in non-full-size baby cribs and play yards, reducing the risk of injuries and providing clarity on performance, durability, and user information.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:F406 −22
Standard Consumer Safety Specification for
Non-Full-Size Baby Cribs/Play Yards
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF406;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This consumer safety specification addresses incidents associated with non-full-size cribs/play
yards that were identified by the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC).
Incidents identified by the CPSC and addressed in this standard include asphyxiation due to
entrapmentinmeshdropsideunitsleftwithasidedown,strangulationbyentanglementonprotruding
hardware, strangulation by button entrapment in mesh openings, strangulation due to failure of the
center hinge on a top rail, collapse or failure of the locking devices, collapse of the floor or sides, and
choking on vinyl bitten from the top rail. This specification also addresses wooden non-full-size crib
injuries or deaths due to entanglement on corner post extensions, dislodgment of slats resulting from
breakage or failure of glue joints, collapse of mattress support, detachment of screws, dislodgement
of teething rails, and entanglement on cords or strings.
This specification is not intended to cover non-full-size cribs/play yards that are either blatantly
misused or abused. This specification is written within current state-of-the-art of non-full-size
crib/play yard technology and is intended to be updated if substantive information becomes available
that necessitates additional requirements or justifies revision of existing requirements.
1. Scope 1.3 No product produced after the approval date of this
consumer safety specification shall, either by label or other
1.1 This consumer safety specification establishes testing
means, indicate compliance with this specification unless it
requirements for structural integrity and performance require-
conforms to all applicable requirements contained herein,
ments for non-full-size cribs/play yards, both rigid sided and
before and after all testing.
mesh/fabric assemblies. It also provides requirements for
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
labeling and instructional material. The term unit or product
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
will refer to a non-full-size crib/play yard.
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
1.2 Thisspecificationcoversaframedenclosurewithafloor
and are not considered standard.
made for the purpose of providing sleeping or playing
1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the
accommodations,orboth,forachildwhocannotclimboutand
test method portion, Section 8, of this specification: This
is less than 35 in. (890 mm) in height. It also covers bassinet,
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
changing table, or similar accessories to a non-full size
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
crib/play yard. These accessories shall also comply with the
of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and
applicable requirements of ASTM standards addressing those
environmental practices and determine the applicability of
accessories. For example, a changing table that attaches to a
regulatory limitations prior to use.
playyardshallalsocomplywiththeapplicablerequirementsin
Specification F2388. This specification does not cover inflat-
NOTE 1—This consumer safety specification includes the following
able products.
sections:
Title Section
Scope 1
Referenced Documents 2
This consumer safety specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Commit- ASTM Standards 2.1
EN Standards 2.2
tee F15 on Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
ISO Standards 2.3
F15.18 on Cribs, Toddler Beds, Play Yards, Bassinets, Cradles and Baby Changing
Federal Regulations 2.4
Products.
Terminology 3
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2022. Published November 2022. Originally
Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard 3.1
approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 2019 as F406–19. DOI:
Accessory 3.1.23
10.1520/F0406-22.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F406−22
Accessory Attachment Components 3.1.1 Fabric Material Requirements 7.7
Bassinet/Cradle Accessory 3.1.2 Fabric Strength 7.7.1
Cantilevered Accessory 3.1.3 Mesh/Fabric Assembly Requirements 7.8
Conspicuous 3.1.4 Sewn Assembly 7.8.1
Cord 3.1.5 Seam Strength 7.8.2
Corner Post 3.1.6 Mesh/Fabric Attachment Strength 7.8.3
Dropgate 3.1.7 Mattress Vertical Displacement 7.9
Dynamic Load 3.1.8 Top Rail Configuration 7.10
Fabric 3.1.9 Top Rail to Corner Post Attachment 7.11
Foldable Side or End 3.1.10 Test Methods 8
Key Structural Elements 3.1.11 Component Spacing Test Apparatus 8.1
Manufacturer’s Recommended Use Position 3.1.12 Component-Spacing Test Method 8.2
Mattress 3.1.13 Test Requirements for Cutouts 8.3
Mattress Support Surface 3.1.14 Plastic Teething Rail Test for Rigid Sided 8.4
Mesh 3.1.15 Products
Mesh/Fabric Unit 3.1.16 Cyclic Test 8.5
Moveable Side 3.1.17 Side or End Latch Test, or Both, for Rigid Sided 8.6
Non-Full-Size Crib 3.1.18 Products
Non-paper Label 3.1.19 Movable Side Latch Tests 8.6.3
Occupant 3.1.20 Hinged Drop Gate Latch Test 8.6.4
Test Procedure for Latches to Prevent Folding 8.6.5
Paper Label 3.1.21
Play Yard 3.1.22 of a Foldable Side or End
Mattress Support System Vertical Impact Test 8.7
Protrusion 3.1.24
Rigid Sided Product 3.1.25 for Rigid Sided Products
Mattress Support System Test for Rigid Sided 8.8
Seam 3.1.26
Static Load 3.1.27 Products
Stationary Side 3.1.28 Crib Side Test 8.9
Strap 3.1.29 Crib Side Cyclic Tests 8.9.4
Structural Failure 3.1.30 Crib Side Static Test 8.9.5
Crib Side Spindle/Slat Torque Test 8.9.6
Calibration and Standardization 4
General Requirements 5 Spindle/Slat Static Load Strength 8.10
Side Deflection and Strength Tests for 8.11
Corner Posts 5.1
Scissoring, Shearing, or Pinching 5.6 Mesh/Fabric Products
Floor Strength Test for Mesh/Fabric Products 8.12
Latching and Locking Mechanisms 5.8
Openings 5.9 Locking Mechanism Test 8.13
Dropgate Locking Device Test Method 8.13.1
Protective Components 5.10
Folding Latch Test Method 8.13.2
Labeling 5.11
Stability 5.12 Mesh Opening Test 8.14
Test for Strength of Mesh and Integrity of 8.15
Cords/Straps 5.13
Coil Springs 5.14 Attachment
Mesh/Fabric Attachment Strength Test Method 8.16
Entrapment in Accessories 5.15
Mattress 5.16 Test for Stability of Product 8.17
Permanency of Labels and Warnings 8.18
Mattresses for Rigid Sided Products 5.17
Protrusions 5.18 Removal of Protective Components 8.21
Torque Test 8.21.3
Bassinet/Cradle Accessories – Missing 5.19
Accessory Attachment Components Tension Test 8.21.4
Record Keeping 5.20 Vinyl Thickness Measurement 8.22
Test for Attachment of Storage Pouch or Other 8.23
Performance Requirements for Rigid Sided 6
Products Parts with Printed Warnings
Cords/Straps Test Methods 8.24
Crib-Side Height 6.2
Spacing of Unit Components 6.3 Protrusions 8.25
Entrapment Tests 8.26
Hardware 6.4
Fasteners 6.5 False Latch 8.27
Mattress Vertical Displacement Test 8.28
Construction and Finishing 6.6
Requirements for Cutouts 6.7 Top Rail Configuration Test 8.29
Plastic Teething Rail 6.10 Minimum Space when Folded 8.29.1
Top Rail V-Shape Configuration Test 8.29.2
Cyclic Test 6.11
Side(s) or End(s) Latch Testing, or Both 6.12 Top Rail to Corner Post Attachment Test 8.30
Load Application Procedure 8.30.3
Dropgate or Other Moveable Side Latch 6.12.1
Testing Bassinet and Cradle Accessory – Sleep 8.31
Surface Collapse/Tilt
Foldable Side or End Latch Testing 6.12.2
Mattress Support System Vertical Impact Test 6.13 Marking and Labeling 9
Labeling 9.1
Requirements
Mattress Support System Testing 6.14 Warning Statements 9.2
Crib Side Test Requirements 6.15 Instructional Literature 10
Spindle/Slat Strength Testing 6.16 Warning Statements 10.1.2
Performance Requirements for Mesh/Fabric 7 Water Mattress Use 10.3.3
Keywords 11
Products
Height of Sides 7.2 Design Guidelines for Protrusions Annex A2
Side Deflection and Strength 7.3
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
Floor Strength 7.4
Top Rail Covering Material 7.5
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
Mesh Requirements 7.6
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Mesh Openings 7.6.1
Mesh Strength 7.6.2
F406−22
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- 3. Terminology
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.1.1 accessoryattachmentcomponents,n—thecomponents
that provide the means of attachment for a bassinet/cradle
2. Referenced Documents
accessory to a play yard. (See Fig. A1.1.)
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.2 bassinet/cradle accessory, n—an elevated sleep sur-
D1424Test Method for Tearing Strength of Fabrics by
face that attaches to play yard designed to convert the product
Falling-Pendulum (Elmendorf-Type) Apparatus
into a bassinet/cradle intended to have a horizontal sleep
D1683/D1683MTest Method for Failure in Sewn Seams of
surface while in a rest (non-rocking) position.
Woven Fabrics
3.1.3 cantilevered accessory, n—accessory that is supported
D3359Test Methods for Rating Adhesion by Tape Test
and attached at only one end of the component to a non-full
D5034TestMethodforBreakingStrengthandElongationof
size crib/play yard (see Fig. A1.2).
Textile Fabrics (Grab Test)
F963Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Safety
3.1.4 conspicuous, adj—Describes a label that is visible,
F1004Consumer Safety Specification for Expansion Gates
when the unit is in a manufacturer’s recommended use
and Expandable Enclosures
position, to a person standing near the unit at any one position
F1487ConsumerSafetyPerformanceSpecificationforPlay-
around the unit but not necessarily visible from all positions.
ground Equipment for Public Use
3.1.5 cord, n—length of slender flexible material including
F2388Consumer Safety Specification for Baby Changing
monofilaments, rope, woven and twisted cord, plastic and
Products for Domestic Use
textile tapes, ribbon, and those materials commonly called
2.2 EN Standards:
string.
EN 716–1:1995Cots and Folding Cots for Domestic Use
3.1.6 corner post, n—vertical post located at the corner of a
EN 12227–1:1999Playpens for Domestic Use
product.
2.3 ISO Standard:
3.1.7 dropgate, n—sidethatisintendedtopivotwithrespect
IS0 8124-1:2000Safety Aspects Related to Mechanical and
to the frame when the product is in the manufacturer’s
Physical Properties
recommended use position to provide easier access to the
2.4 Federal Regulations:
occupant.
16 CFR 1303Ban of Lead-Containing Paint and Certain
3.1.7.1 Discussion—Rationale: The word “telescope” was
Consumer Products Bearing Lead-Containing Paint
deleted because telescoping sides are really covered under the
16CFR1500HazardousSubstancesActRegulationsinclud-
definition of movable sides. Dropgates are products that pivot
ing sections:
only.Forreference,thedefinitionofmovablesideinConsumer
1500.3 (c) (6) (vi)Definition of “Flammable Solid”
Safety Specification F406 is “top portion of an otherwise
1500.44 Method for Determining Extremely Flammable
stationary side that is intended to move with respect to the
and Flammable Solids
frame (other than a foldable side) when the product is in the
1500.48Technical Requirements for Determining a Sharp
manufacturer’s recommended use position to provide easier
Point In Toys and Other Articles Intended for Use By
access to the occupant.
Children Under Eight Years of Age
3.1.8 dynamic load, n—application of an impulsive force
1500.49Technical Requirements for Determining a Sharp
through free fall of a weight.
MetalorGlassEdgeinToysorOtherArticlesIntendedfor
Use By Children Under Eight Years of Age
3.1.9 fabric, n—any woven, knit, coated, laminated, ex-
1500.50-.52Test Methods for Simulating Use andAbuse of
truded or calendered flexible material that is intended to be
Toys and Other Articles Intended for Use By Children
sewn, welded, heat sealed, or glued together as an assembly.
16 CFR 1501Method for Identifying Toys and Other Ar-
3.1.10 foldable side or end, n—sideorendpanelintendedto
ticles Intended for Use By Children UnderThreeYears of
bestationarywithrespecttotheframewhenaproductisinthe
Age Which Present Choking, Aspiration, or Ingestion
manufacturer’s recommended use position, but that folds to
Hazards Because of Small Parts
allow for carrying or storage of the product.
16 CFR 1509Requirements for Non-Full-Size Baby Cribs
3.1.11 key structural elements, n—side assemblies, end
assemblies, mattress supports or stabilizing bars which create
the occupant retention area.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3.1.12 manufacturer’s recommended use position, n—any
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
position that is presented by the manufacturer in any descrip-
the ASTM website.
tive or instructional literature as a normal, allowable, or
Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
acceptable configuration for use of the product. This specifi-
Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1 rue de
cally excludes positions that the manufacturer shows in a like
Varembé, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland.
manner in its literature to be unacceptable, unsafe, or not
AvailablefromU.S.GovernmentPrintingOfficeSuperintendentofDocuments,
732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401. recommended.
F406−22
3.1.13 mattress, n—pad with a fabric, vinyl, or other mate- intended to provide a play or sleeping environment for chil-
rial case filled with resilient material (such as cotton, foam, dren; it may fold for storage or travel.
fiberfill, etc.) used as or on the floor of the unit.
3.1.23 play yard/non-full size crib dependent accessory,
n—component with a rigid frame such as a bassinet or
3.1.14 mattress support surface, n—the internal surface of
changing table that attaches to a non-full size crib/play yard
theplayyardwhichsupportsthemattressormattressassembly.
and that, because of its structure, location, or movement, may
3.1.15 mesh, n—mesh may be either a woven fabric in
expose a non-full size crib/play yard occupant to an opening
whichthewarpandfillingyarnsareinterlaced,aknittedfabric
presenting an entrapment hazard. Accessories that physically
in which the wales and courses yarns are interlocked, or any
appearusableandfunctionalontheplayyard/non-fullsizecrib
other type of fabric that may be developed that provides
frame (without an accompanying full bassinet accessory at-
openings therein.
tached)areconsideredaplayyard/non-fullsizecribdependent
3.1.16 mesh/fabric unit, n—unit constructed with a rigid
accessory, regardless of the manufacturer’s instruction. Play
frameassemblyandafabricormeshassembly,orboth,usedto
yard/non-full size crib dependent accessories do not include:
function as sides, ends, or floor, or a combination thereof.
(1) items that hang outside the occupant areas, such as
organizers and storage bags, (2) canopies that have no rigid
3.1.17 moveable side, n—top portion of an otherwise sta-
frame members running alongside any top rail, and (3) full
tionary side that is intended to move with respect to the frame
accessories.
(other than a foldable side) when the product is in the
manufacturer’s recommended use position to provide easier
3.1.23.1 full accessories, n—any accessory that fully covers
access to the occupant.
the top opening to the play yard/non-full size crib without any
gaps or openings. Non-exhaustive examples of full accessories
3.1.18 non-full-size crib, n—crib that (1) is intended for use
include 3.1.23.2 and 3.1.23.3.
in or around the home, for travel and other purposes; and (2)
has an interior length dimension either greater than 55 in.
3.1.23.2 full bassinet accessories, n—an accessory that
(139.7 cm) or smaller than 49 ⁄4 in. (126.3 cm), or an interior
utilizestheplayyard/non-fullsizecribfloorinitsentirety,fully
widthdimensiongreaterthan30 ⁄8in.(77.7cm)orsmallerthan
flat, in an elevated position.
25 ⁄8 in. (64.3 cm), or both.
3.1.23.3 bassinet dependent accessories, n—an accessory
thatreliesentirelyonthefullbassinetaccessoryforattachment
3.1.18.1 Discussion—Thisdoesnotincludemesh/net/screen
and structural support; these accessories must be used in
cribs, nonrigidly constructed cribs, cradles (both rocker and
conjunction with a full bassinet and so are considered full
pendulum types), car beds, baby baskets and bassinets (also
accessories.
known as junior cribs). Non-full-size crib includes, but is not
limited to, the following:
3.1.24 protrusion, n—projection on the unit over which an
3.1.18.2 oversize crib, n—non-full-size crib with an interior item worn by a child may become hooked.
length dimension greater than 55 in. (139.7 cm), or an interior
3.1.25 rigid sided product, n—product with sides/ends con-
width dimension greater than 30 ⁄8 in. (77.7 cm), or both.
structedofrigidmaterialslikewood,plastic,ormetalgenerally
configured as a horizontal rail/vertical slat assembly.
3.1.18.3 portable crib, n—non-full-size crib designed so
that it may be folded or collapsed, without disassembly, to
3.1.26 seam, n—means of joining fabric components such
occupyavolumesubstantiallylessthanthevolumeitoccupies
as sewing, welding, heat sealing, or gluing.
when it is used.
3.1.27 static load, n—vertically downward force applied by
3.1.18.4 specialty crib, n—unconventionally shaped
a calibrated force gage or dead weights.
(circular, hexagonal, etc.) non-full-size crib incorporating a
3.1.28 stationary side, n—side or end panel that is not
special mattress or other unconventional components.
intendedtofold,slide,ormovewithrespecttotheframewhen
3.1.18.5 undersize crib, n—non-full-size crib with an inte- the product is in the manufacturer’s recommended use posi-
rior length dimension smaller than 49 ⁄4 in. (126.3 cm), or an
tion.
interior width dimension smaller than 25 ⁄8 in. (64.3 cm), or
3.1.29 strap, n—piece of flexible material of which the
both.
width is significantly greater than the thickness.
3.1.19 non-paper label, n—any label material (such as
3.1.30 structural failure, n—damage to a component(s) or
plasticormetal)thateitherwillnottearwithouttheaidoftools
assembly resulting in partial separation (greater than 0.04 in.
or tears leaving a sharply defined edge or labels made from
(1mm) over original configuration), or complete separation of
fabric.
the component(s) or assembly.
3.1.20 occupant, n—that individual who is in a product that
4. Calibration and Standardization
is set up in one of the manufacturer’s recommended use
positions.
4.1 All testing shall be conducted on a concrete floor that
may be covered with ⁄8-in. (3-mm) thick vinyl flooring cover,
3.1.21 paper label, n—any label material that tears without
the aid of tools and leaves a fibrous edge. unless test instructs differently.
3.1.22 play yard (aka playpen), n—framed enclosure that 4.2 The unit shall be completely assembled, unless other-
includes a floor and has mesh or fabric sided panels primarily wisenoted,inaccordancewiththemanufacturer’sinstructions.
F406−22
4.3 No testing shall be conducted within 48 h of manufac- mechanism that are deemed to be capable of scissoring,
turing. shearing or pinching shall be tested in accordance with 5.6.2.1
– 5.6.2.4.
4.4 The product to be tested shall be preconditioned in a
5.6.2.1 At all intersections of the drop top rail with the top
room with ambient temperature of 73 6 9°F (23 6 5°C) for at
rail saddle(PointA,Fig.A1.4),theinsertionofaprobegreater
least1hpriortotesting.Testingshallthenbeconductedwithin
than 0.210 in. (5.30mm) in diameter and less than 0.375 in.
this temperature range.
(9.50 mm) in diameter to a depth of more than 0.210 in. (5.30
4.5 All testing required by this specification shall be con-
mm) shall not be permitted in any position throughout the
ducted on the same unit.
range of motion of the top rail.
5.6.2.2 All intersections of the hinge legs and saddle with
5. General Requirements
thedroptoprailandtheinclinedleg(PointB,Fig.A1.4)where
no padding of ⁄4 in. (6.30 mm) or less exists, shall allow a
5.1 Corner Posts:
0.375-in. (9.50-mm) diameter probe to pass between adjacent
5.1.1 No corner post assembly shall extend more than
members in any and all positions when rotating the hinge legs
0.06in. (1.50 mm) above the upper edge of an end or side
about their respective pivots.
panel, whichever is higher, when measured from the lowest
5.6.2.3 The hinge legs shall allow a 0.375-in. (9.50-mm)
pointontheupperedgeoftheendorsidepanelwithin3in.(76
diameter probe to pass between said hinge legs in any and all
mm) from the outermost contour of the post or elbow (see Fig.
positions allowed when rotating the hinge legs about their
A1.3).
respective pivots.
5.1.1.1 Thisrequirementapplieswhenanymoveablesideis
5.6.2.4 At all intersections of the drop side rail locking
in either the raised or lowered position.
mechanism (hinge legs with the saddle) (Point C, Fig. A1.4)
5.1.2 The limitations in 5.1.1 do not apply to a corner post
the intersection of the probe greater than 0.210 in. (5.30 mm)
assembly that extends at least 16 in. (400 mm) above the
in diameter, and less than 0.375 in. (9.50 mm) in diameter, and
uppermost surface of the side rail in its highest position.
greater than 0.210 in. (5.30 mm) deep within the intersecting
5.1.3 Corner posts intended to accept removable vertical
parts in any and all positions shall not be permitted.
extensions made up of two or more segments (such as canopy
5.7 Toy accessories attached to, removed from, or sold with
post extensions) shall not permit the attachment of individual
a product, as well as their means of attachment, must meet
segments such that the resultant vertical extension would be in
applicable requirements of Specification F963.
violation of the dimensional requirements of 5.1.
5.1.4 The dimensional requirements in 5.1 shall also apply
5.8 Latching and Locking Mechanisms:
to vertical members of circular cribs.
5.8.1 All latches that are intended to be latched and un-
latchedduringnormalusewhilethechildisintheproductshall
5.2 There shall be no hazardous sharp points or edges as
engage automatically when placed in the use position before
defined by 16 CFR 1500.48 and 16 CFR 1500.49 before or
and after testing. Latches may be manually activated to allow
after testing to this specification.
placement into the use position but must engage automatically
5.3 There shall be no small parts, as defined by 16 CFR
when released.
1501, before testing or liberated as a result of testing in
5.8.2 Any unit that folds shall have a latching or locking
accordance with this specification.
deviceorotherprovisioninthedesignthatwillpreventtheunit
from unintentionally folding when properly placed in the
5.4 The paint and surface coating on the product shall
manufacturer’s recommended use position.
comply to 16 CFR 1303.
5.8.2.1 During and upon completion of all testing, the unit
5.5 Thereshallbenoflammablesolidsasdefinedin16CFR
shall remain in its manufacturer’s recommended use position.
1500.3 (c) (6) (vi) before or after testing in accordance with
5.8.3 If a unit is designed with a latching or locking device:
this specification.
5.8.3.1 Thatdeviceshallremainengagedandoperativeafter
5.6 Scissoring, Shearing, or Pinching:
testing.
5.6.1 A product, when in the manufacturer’s recommended 5.8.3.2 Each single-action locking or latching device that is
use position, shall be designed and constructed to prevent provided to prevent folding shall require a minimum force of
injury to the occupant from any scissoring, shearing, or 10 lbf (45 N) to activate the release mechanism when tested in
pinchingwhenmembersorcomponentsrotateaboutacommon accordance with 8.13.2.
axis or fastening point, slide, pivot, fold, or otherwise move
5.8.3.3 Eachdouble-actionlockingorlatchingdevicethatis
relative to one another. Scissoring, shearing, or pinching that
provided to prevent folding shall require two distinct and
maycauseinjuryshallnotbepermissiblewhentheedgesofthe
separate actions for release. There are no force requirements
rigid parts admit a probe that is greater than 0.210 in.
fordouble-actionlockingorlatchingdevices.Foradevicethat
(5.30mm) and less than 0.375 in. (9.50 mm) diameter at any is located under the mattress, the removal of a mattress is
accessible point throughout the range of motion of such parts.
considered one of the two required actions for the release of a
double action device.
5.6.2 Products that allow the top rail to be in a lowered
position when the unit is erected, as shown in Fig.A1.4, shall 5.8.3.4 Product designs requiring latching or locking of a
be evaluated for the potential for scissoring, shearing or top rail(s) to prevent folding that include central hinge(s) and
pinching.Thosecomponentsofthetoprail,itshinges,locks,or rail assembly(ies) that moves downward when folded, as
F406−22
mattress support under such a thick mattress.
shown in Fig.A1.5, shall have a locking device that automati-
cally engages when placed in a manufacturer’s recommended
5.10 Protective Components—Ifthechildcangraspcompo-
use position.
nentsbetweenthethumbandforefinger,orteeth,(suchascaps,
5.8.3.5 No top rail shall give the appearance of being in the
sleeves, or plugs used for protection from sharp edges, points,
manufacturer’s recommended use position unless the locking
or entrapment of fingers or toes) or if there is at least a
device is fully engaged. If the product has a latching device
0.040-in. (1.00-mm) gap between the component and its
that automatically engages and is intended to be set up by first
adjacent parent component, such component shall not be
erecting the side rails, and then depressing a center floor hub,
removed when tested in accordance with 8.21.
the product shall be evaluated for false latch by testing in
5.11 Labeling:
accordance with 8.27.
5.11.1 Warning labels (whether paper or nonpaper) shall be
5.9 Openings:
permanent when tested in accordance with 8.18.
5.9.1 Holes or slots that extend entirely through a wall
5.11.2 Warning statements applied directly onto the surface
section of any rigid material less than 0.375-in. (9.53-mm)
of the product by hot stamping, heat transfer, printing, wood
thick and admit a 0.210-in. (5.33-mm) diameter rod shall also
burning, etc. shall be permanent when tested in accordance
admit a 0.375-in. (9.53-mm) diameter rod. Holes or slots that
with 8.19.
are between 0.210 in. (5.33 mm) and 0.375 in. (9.53 mm) and
5.11.3 Nonpaper labels shall not liberate small parts when
have a wall thickness less than 0.375 in. (9.53 mm), but are
tested in accordance with 8.20.
limited in depth to 0.375-in. (9.53-mm) maximum by another
5.11.4 Storage pouch or other part with warning statements
rigid surface shall be permissible (see Fig.A1.6). The product
printed on it, excluding labels, shall be considered permanent
shall be evaluated in all manufacturer’s recommended use
if it cannot be removed when tested in accordance with 8.23.
positions. Holes and openings in surfaces that are in contact
5.12 Stability—Whensubjectedtothetestdescribedin8.17,
with the floor or are below the mattress support and more than
aminimumofthreeperimetersupportpointsoftheproductnot
3 in. (76 mm) in from the perimeter of the frame or outer
inastraightlineshallremainincontactwiththeinclinedplane.
perimeter of the occupant space of a play yard or non full-size
Products with an adjustable mattress support shall be tested
cribareexemptfromthisrequirementbecausetheyaredeemed
with the mattress in the lowest adjustment position.
not accessible to the occupant or child on the outsides of the
product.
5.13 Cords/Straps:
5.9.2 Openings in the surface of a mattress support made of
5.13.1 Cords/Straps Free Length—Any cord or strap made
a rigid material shall be designed to prevent entrapment of
of a flexible material such as fabric, elastic, or plastic attached
fingers, toes, hands, or feet if the occupant can readily move,
to the product shall have a free length of 7.4in. (188 mm) or
lift, or fold the mattress to expose the opening. This require-
less when tested in accordance with 8.24.1.
ment does not apply to rigid-sided products where the total
5.13.2 Cords/Straps That Can Form Loops—Cords/straps
thickness of the mattress including all fabric or vinyl layers,
attached to the product, whether fastened or unfastened, shall
filling material, and any structural members such as wood,
not be capable of connecting or tangling to form a loop in
hardboard, etc. exceeds 2 ⁄2 in. Round openings shall comply
conjunction with the product that has a perimeter of 16.3in.
with 5.9.1 and shall not exceed 1.25 in. (32 mm) in diameter.
(414 mm) or more when tested in accordance with 8.24.2.
Forothershapedopenings,theopeningshallcomplywith5.9.1
5.14 Coil Springs—Any exposed coil spring that is acces-
and any linear continuous portion of an opening that admits a
sible to the occupant, having or capable of generating a space
0.375-in. (9.5-mm) diameter rod must fit within a 1.25-in.
between coils of 0.210 in. (5.30 mm) or greater during static
(32-mm) diameter circle.
load testing specified in 8.6, 8.11, 8.12, and 8.13 shall be
NOTE 2—Rationale: The minor dimension of 0.210 and the major
covered or otherwise designed to prevent injury from entrap-
dimension of 0.375 is to prevent finger and toe entrapments in accessible
ment.
holes and slots in juvenile products intended for children 6 to 24 months
of age. These dimensional requirements are currently the standard for 5.15 Entrapment in Accessories—These requirements apply
many juvenile products. This subcommittee is not aware of incident data
toplayyard/non-fullsizecribdependentaccessoriesasdefined
that would support a change to these dimensions.
in 3.1.23 and cantilevered accessories defined in 3.1.3 that do
Adding the phrase “through a wall section of a rigid material less than
notqualifyasfullaccessories(3.1.23.1)thatattachtoorreston
0.375 in.” simplifies the testing procedure and is similar to existing
anon-fullsizecrib/playyard.(SeeFig.A1.7foranexampleof
international standards and Specification F963. International standards
(EN 716–1: 1995 and EN 12227–1:1999) state a depth of 10 mm (0.394 anaccessorythatattachestotheplayyardononesideandrests
in.) which is similar to the proposed 0.375 in. thickness. The thickness of
on the play yard on the other side.) These requirements do not
0.375 is also greater than existing toy standards Specification F963 and
apply to full accessories as defined in 3.1.23.1 unless there is
IS0 8124-1:2000, which is only 0.062 in. thick.
anoccupantaccess“door”inthewallsoftheplayyard/non-full
The evaluation is limited to holes and openings that are accessible
size crib. In this section, the small head probe prescribed is
inside the play yard or accessible to a child outside the play yard. The
areas of a play yard or non-full-size crib that are not accessible are those shown in Fig. A1.8; the large head probe prescribed is shown
components and surfaces on the underside of the floor and support
in Fig. A1.9.
structure that are some distance in from the outer perimeter, for example,
5.15.1 Entrapment—When tested in accordance with the
tubing, center floor support hub, and the hardboard mattress support.
procedures in 8.26.1 and 8.26.2, openings in accessories and
The requirements to not apply to mattresses with a thickness greater
than 2 ⁄2 in. because the occupant is unlikely to be able to access the cantilevered accessories shall not allow the complete passage
F406−22
of the small head probe, unless they allow the complete (1)Total thickness of the mattress including all fabric or
passage of the large head probe. vinyl layers, filling material, and any structural members such
as wood, hardboard, etc. shall not exceed 2 in. (50.8 mm).
5.15.2 Detachment—When tested in accordance with the
(2) Mattress to Product Side Gap Measurement—When a
procedures in 8.26.1 and 8.26.3, any opening exposed by the
mattress is centered in the manufacturer’s recommended use
test shall not allow the complete passage of the small head
position, and installed with all required attachment means, no
probe.
gaps greater than ⁄2in. (12.7mm) shall be present when
5.15.3 Rationale—The entrapment test is to address entrap-
measured according to 8.32.
ment when an accessory is added to a non-full size crib/play
5.17 Mattresses for Rigid Sided Products (see Fig. A1.12
yardthatcouldcreateanopeningthatmayentrapanoccupant’s
and Fig. A1.13):
head. Openings shall be evaluated with accessories in any
possiblelocation.Openingsarealsoevaluatedafterapplication 5.17.1 Mattress Thickness:
ofa25-lbfforcetothesmallheadprobe.Thisisthesameforce 5.17.1.1 Amattress supplied with a non-full-size crib shall,
used to evaluate entrapment in shelves in the changing table in a noncompressed state, have a thickness that will provide a
standard. A 25-lbf force is also used in evaluating mattress minimumeffectivecrib-sideheightdimensionofatleast20in.
(50.8 cm) as measured from the upper surface of the crib side
supportsystemsinthecurrentnon-fullsizecrib/playyard/non-
full-size and full-size crib standards. The small head probe or end panel, or both. For this measurement, the crib side shall
be in its highest adjustable position and the mattress support in
represents the 5th percentile 6-month-old child because that is
its lowest adjustable position.
the youngest child having the developmental abilities to
become entrapped. 5.17.1.2 Amattress supplied with a non-full-size crib shall,
in a noncompressed state, have a thickness that will provide a
5.15.4 Withtheaccessoryinstalledontheplayyard/non-full
minimum effective crib-side height dimension of at least 3 in.
size crib per the manufacturer’s instructions, cords and straps
(7.6 cm) as measured from the upper surface of the mattress to
on the accessory, whether fastened or unfastened, must not be
theuppersurfaceofthecribsideorendpanel,orboth.Forthis
capable of forming a loop in conjunction with the product that
measurement, the crib side shall be in its lowest adjustable
allows complete passage of the small head probe. Restraints
position and the mattress support in its highest adjustable
straps shall be evaluated in all possible configurations, other
position.
than the manufacturer’s intended use position fastened on top
5.17.2 Mattress Dimensions—The dimensions of a mattress
of the product surface. In addition, restraint straps are to be
supplied with a non-full-size crib shall be such that the
evaluated as follows:
mattress, when inserted in the center of the crib, in a noncom-
5.15.4.1 Evaluation on Underside of Accessory—If any
pressed state at any of the adjustable positions of the mattress
restraint component can be pushed or pulled with a force less
support, shall not leave a gap of more than ⁄2 in. (1.3 cm) at
than 25 lb through any opening that extends completely
any point between the perimeter of the mattress and the
through the accessory, the restraint component shall be pushed
perimeter of the crib. When the mattress is placed against the
or pulled through the accessory and evaluated in the fastened
perimeter of the crib the resulting gap shall not exceed 1 in.
and unfastened condition below the lowest surface on the
(2.6 cm).
underside of the accessory (see Fig. A1.10). Any loop(s)
5.18 Protrusions—Neither string on the weight gage shall
formed shall not allow complete passage of the small head
stay attached to a protrusion when tested in accordance with
probe.
8.25.
5.15.4.2 When fastened per the manufacturer’s instructions,
extendedtotheirgreatestlengthanddrapedoverthesideofthe
5.19 Bassinet/Cradle Accessories – Missing Accessory At-
accessory (see Fig. A1.11), restraint straps shall not allow tachment Components:
complete passage of the small head probe below the lowest
5.19.1 Bassinet/cradle accessories that have all accessory
surface on the underside of the accessory.
attachment components permanently attached to the bassinet/
cradle accessory, or by any permanent means prohibiting their
5.16 Mattress:
removal from the bassinet/cradle accessory, are exempt from
5.16.1 Each product, other than those that are designed
the requirements described in 5.19.2.
exclusively for play and not for sleep, and are intended to be
5.19.2 Bassinet/cradle accessories which require consumer
used without a mattress, shall be sold with the mattress
assembly of accessory attachment component(s), and that can
included.
be assembled and attached to the product with any accessory
5.16.2 Mesh/fabricplayyardproductsshallmeet5.16.2.1or
attachmentcomponent(s)missing,shallmeeteither5.19.2.1or
5.16.2.2.
5.19.2.2 when each accessory attachment component not
5.16.2.1 Mattresses up to 1.5 in. thick: permanently attached is removed.
(1) The filling material of the mattress such as foam,
5.19.2.1 The bassinet/cradle accessory shall collapse such
fiberfill, etc. shall not exceed 1 in. (25mm) in thickness. The
that any part of the mattress pad contacts the bottom floor of
total thickness of the mattress including all fabric or vinyl
the play yard or is not able to support the 4.0 lbm test mass
layers, filling material, and any structural members such as
when tested to 8.31.
wood, hardboard, etc. shall not exceed 1 ⁄2in. (38.1mm).
5.19.2.2 The bassinet/cradle accessory sleep surface shall
5.16.2.2 Mattresses over 1.5 in. thick: tilt by more than 30° when tested to 8.31.
F406−22
NOTE 3—Rationale: The Bassinet/cradle missing accessory attachment
greater than 2 ⁄8 in. (6 cm). The distance between any such
components requirements were included to address IDI110825CAA2853 1
adjacent components shall not exceed 2 ⁄2 in. (6.3 cm) at any
involving a bassinet accessory used in a play yard where accessory
point when subjected to the test procedure specified in 8.2.
attachmentcomponentswereomittedduringtheassembly,installationand
6.3.2 Nonuniformly Spaced Components:
use of the bassinet accessory. The omission of such critical components
6.3.2.1 Thedistancebetweenadjacentnonuniformlyspaced
may result in a hazardous condition. The requirement allows for visual
cuesforthebassinetaccessoryduringtestingincludingcollapseorsurface
components (such as slats, spindles, or corner posts, or a
tiltofatleast30°.Theserequirementswereconsideredobviouscuestothe
combination thereof) shall preclude passage of block A,
consumer to indicate that the product is not assembled or installed
specified in 8.1, when inserted in any orientation (nonuni-
correctly. Children weighing less than 4 lb are typically not released from
formly spaced components referes to irregularly shaped crib
thehospitalconsequentlythe4-lbmassisbasedontheminimumexpected
weight of the youngest occupant. slats whether parallel to each other or not).
6.3.2.2 The spacing between any such adjacent components
5.20 Record Keeping—The manufacturer or importer shall
shall preclude passage of block B, specified in 8.1, when
keep and maintain for 6 years after production or importation
inserted in any orientation immediately above and below the
of each lot or other identifying unit of rigid non-full-size cribs,
loadingwedgespecifiedin8.1whilethecomponentsarebeing
records of sale and distribution. These records shall be made
subjected to the test procedure specified in 8.2.
available upon request at reasonable times to any officer,
employee, or agent acting on behalf of the Consumer Product
6.4 Hardware:
SafetyCommission.Themanufacturerorimportershallpermit
6.4.1 The hardware in a non-full-size crib shall be designed
such officer, employee, or agent to inspect and copy such
and constructed to eliminate pinching, bruising, lacerating,
records, to make such inventories of stock as he or she deems
crushing, amputating, or other potentials for injury, or a
necessary,andtootherwiseverifytheaccuracyofsuchrecords.
combination thereof, when the crib is in normal use or when
subjected to reasonably foreseeable damage or abuse.
6. Performance Requirements for Rigid Sided Products
6.4.2 Non-full-size cribs shall incorporate locking or latch-
6.1 Before and after all testing, the product shall comply
ing devices for dropgates or other moveable sides. These
with the requirements of Section 5.
devices shall require either a minimum force of 10 lb (4.5 kg)
for activation or at least two distinct actions to release them.
6.2 Crib-Side Height (see Fig. A1.12 and Fig. A1.13):
6.2.1 For moveable sides, with the mattress support in its
6.5 Fasteners:
highest adjustable position and the crib side in its lowest
6.5.1 Wood Screws:
adjustableposition,theverticaldistancefromtheuppersurface
6.5.1.1 Wood screws shall not be used in the assembly of
of the mattress support to the upper surface of the crib side or
key structural elements that must be removed by the consumer
end panel, or both, shall not be less than 5 in. (12.7 cm).
in the normal disassembly of a crib.
6.2.2 For stationary sides, with the mattress support in its
6.5.1.2 No crib shall require consumer assembly of key
highestadjustableposition,theverticaldistancefromtheupper
structural elements using wood screw fasteners. This shall not
surface of the uncompressed mattress to the upper surface of
apply to drawers or other storage components or accessory
the crib side or end panel, or both, shall not be less than 9 in.
items.
(22.8 cm).
6.5.2 Factoryassemblyusingwoodscrewsonkeystructural
6.2.3 With the mattress support in its lowest adjustable
elementsisallowedifthewoodscrewsareasecondmethodof
position and the crib side in its highest adjustable position, the
attachment or the wood screws include a lock washer, glue, or
verticaldistancefromtheuppersurfaceofthemattresssupport
other means to impede loosening or detachment.
to the upper surface of the crib side or end panel, or both, shall
6.5.3 Metal inserts with external wood screw threads for
not be less than 22 in. (55.8 cm).
screwing into a wood component and providing internal
6.2.4 Crib Side Configurations—Cribs with side(s) having
machine threads to accommodate a machine screw shall be
moveablecomponentsintendedtoaidinaccesstotheoccupant
gluedorincludeothermeanstoimpedelooseningordetaching.
shall have those sides rigidly attached to the crib ends and
6.5.4 Wood screws are permitted be used as the primary
contain no movable section less than 14 in. (35.6 cm) from the
fasteners or only fasteners for non-key structural elements.
top of the non-compressed mattress with the mattress support
6.5.5 Metal to metal threaded fasteners, such as sheet metal
in its lowest adjustable position.
screws and machine screws, secured into metal components
6.2.5 Rationale—Thisrequirementeffectivelybansstandard
and used to attach key structural elements shall have lock
drop sides. The 14 in. dimension is based on the requirements
washers, self-locking nuts or other means to impede loosening
of 16 CFR 1509.9 which requires that the mattress supplied
as defined in 6.15.2 or detachment during the testing required
with the product in a non-compressed state shall provide a
by this standard.
minimumeffectivecrib-sideheightdimensionofatleast20in.
6.5.6 Rationale—These requirements apply to fasteners that
with the crib side in the highest position and the mattress
areusedtocreatetheenclosurefortheoccupantandarelimited
support in the lowest position. A 6-in. drop gate reduces this
tofastenersthatsecurethesidestothecornerpostsormattress
height to 14 in.
support to the crib, or both. For these locations, a wood screw
6.3 Spacing of Unit Components: or threaded insert shall not be used as the primary attachment
6.3.1 Uniformly Spaced Components—The distance be- method unless the wood screw or threaded insert includes a
tween adjacent, uniformly spaced components (such as slats, supplemental means to impede lo
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F406 − 19 F406 − 22
Standard Consumer Safety Specification for
Non-Full-Size Baby Cribs/Play Yards
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F406; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This consumer safety specification addresses incidents associated with non-full-size cribs/play
yards that were identified by the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC).
Incidents identified by the CPSC and addressed in this standard include asphyxiation due to
entrapment in mesh drop side units left with a side down, strangulation by entanglement on protruding
hardware, strangulation by button entrapment in mesh openings, strangulation due to failure of the
center hinge on a top rail, collapse or failure of the locking devices, collapse of the floor or sides, and
choking on vinyl bitten from the top rail. This specification also addresses wooden non-full-size crib
injuries or deaths due to entanglement on corner post extensions, dislodgment of slats resulting from
breakage or failure of glue joints, collapse of mattress support, detachment of screws, dislodgement
of teething rails, and entanglement on cords or strings.
This specification is not intended to cover non-full-size cribs/play yards that are either blatantly
misused or abused. This specification is written within current state-of-the-art of non-full-size
crib/play yard technology and is intended to be updated if substantive information becomes available
that necessitates additional requirements or justifies revision of existing requirements.
1. Scope
1.1 This consumer safety specification establishes testing requirements for structural integrity and performance requirements for
non-full-size cribs/play yards, both rigid sided and mesh/fabric assemblies. It also provides requirements for labeling and
instructional material. The term unit or product will refer to a non-full-size crib/play yard.
1.2 This specification covers a framed enclosure with a floor made for the purpose of providing sleeping and playing
accommodations or playing accommodations, or both, for a child who cannot climb out and is less than 35 in. (890 mm) in height.
It also covers bassinet, changing table, or similar accessories to a non-full size crib/play yard. These accessories shall also comply
with the applicable requirements of ASTM standards addressing those accessories. For example, a changing table that attaches to
a play yard shall also comply with the applicable requirements in Specification F2388. This specification does not cover inflatable
products.
1.3 No product produced after the approval date of this consumer safety specification shall, either by label or other means, indicate
compliance with this specification unless it conforms to all applicable requirements contained herein, before and after all testing.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
This consumer safety specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 on Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.18
on Cribs, Toddler Beds, Play Yards, Bassinets, Cradles and Baby Changing TablesProducts.
Current edition approved March 15, 2019Oct. 1, 2022. Published May 2019November 2022. Originally approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 20172019
as F406 – 17.F406 – 19. DOI: 10.1520/F0406-19.10.1520/F0406-22.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F406 − 22
1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 8, of this specification: This standard
does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
NOTE 1—This consumer safety specification includes the following sections:
Title Section
Scope 1
Referenced Documents 2
ASTM Standards 2.1
EN Standards 2.2
ISO Standards 2.3
Federal Regulations 2.4
Terminology 3
Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard 3.1
Accessory 3.1.1
Accessory 3.1.23
Accessory Attachment Components 3.1.2
Accessory Attachment Components 3.1.1
Bassinet/Cradle Accessory 3.1.3
Bassinet/Cradle Accessory 3.1.2
Cantilevered Accessory 3.1.4
Cantilevered Accessory 3.1.3
Conspicuous 3.1.5
Conspicuous 3.1.4
Cord 3.1.6
Cord 3.1.5
Corner Post 3.1.7
Corner Post 3.1.6
Dropgate 3.1.8
Dropgate 3.1.7
Dynamic Load 3.1.9
Dynamic Load 3.1.8
Fabric 3.1.10
Fabric 3.1.9
Foldable Side or End 3.1.11
Foldable Side or End 3.1.10
Key Structural Elements 3.1.12
Key Structural Elements 3.1.11
Manufacturer’s Recommended Use Position 3.1.13
Manufacturer’s Recommended Use Position 3.1.12
Mattress 3.1.14
Mattress 3.1.13
Mattress Support Surface 3.1.15
Mattress Support Surface 3.1.14
Mesh 3.1.16
Mesh 3.1.15
Mesh/Fabric Unit 3.1.17
Mesh/Fabric Unit 3.1.16
Moveable Side 3.1.18
Moveable Side 3.1.17
Non-Full-Size Crib 3.1.19
Non-Full-Size Crib 3.1.18
Non-paper Label 3.1.20
Non-paper Label 3.1.19
Occupant 3.1.21
Occupant 3.1.20
Paper Label 3.1.22
Paper Label 3.1.21
Play Yard 3.1.23
Play Yard 3.1.22
Protrusion 3.1.24
Rigid Sided Product 3.1.25
Seam 3.1.26
Static Load 3.1.27
Stationary Side 3.1.28
Strap 3.1.29
Structural Failure 3.1.30
Calibration and Standardization 4
General Requirements 5
Corner Posts 5.1
Scissoring, Shearing, or Pinching 5.6
Latching and Locking Mechanisms 5.8
Openings 5.9
F406 − 22
Protective Components 5.10
Labeling 5.11
Stability 5.12
Cord/Strap Length 5.13
Cords/Straps 5.13
Coil Springs 5.14
Entrapment in Accessories 5.15
Mattress 5.16
Mattresses for Rigid Sided Products 5.17
Protrusions 5.18
Bassinet/Cradle Accessories – Missing 5.19
Accessory Attachment Components
Record Keeping 5.20
Performance Requirements for Rigid Sided 6
Products
Crib-Side Height 6.2
Spacing of Unit Components 6.3
Hardware 6.4
Fasteners 6.5
Construction and Finishing 6.6
Requirements for Cutouts 6.7
Plastic Teething Rail 6.10
Cyclic Test 6.11
Side(s) or End(s) Latch Testing, or Both 6.12
Dropgate or Other Moveable Side Latch 6.12.1
Testing
Foldable Side or End Latch Testing 6.12.2
Mattress Support System Vertical Impact Test 6.13
Requirements
Mattress Support System Testing 6.14
Crib Side Test Requirements 6.15
Spindle/Slat Strength Testing 6.16
Performance Requirements for Mesh/Fabric 7
Products
Height of Sides 7.2
Side Deflection and Strength 7.3
Floor Strength 7.4
Top Rail Covering Material 7.5
Mesh Requirements 7.6
Mesh Openings 7.6.1
Mesh Strength 7.6.2
Fabric Material Requirements 7.7
Fabric Strength 7.7.1
Mesh/Fabric Assembly Requirements 7.8
Sewn Assembly 7.8.1
Seam Strength 7.8.2
Mesh/Fabric Attachment Strength 7.8.3
Mattress Vertical Displacement 7.9
Top Rail Configuration 7.10
Top Rail to Corner Post Attachment 7.11
Test Methods 8
Component Spacing Test Apparatus 8.1
Component-Spacing Test Method 8.2
Test Requirements for Cutouts 8.3
Plastic Teething Rail Test for Rigid Sided 8.4
Products
Cyclic Test 8.5
Side or End Latch Test, or Both, for Rigid Sided 8.6
Products
Movable Side Latch Tests 8.6.3
Hinged Drop Gate Latch Test 8.6.4
Test Procedure for Latches to Prevent Folding 8.6.5
of a Foldable Side or End
Mattress Support System Vertical Impact Test 8.7
for Rigid Sided Products
Mattress Support System Test for Rigid Sided 8.8
Products
Crib Side Test 8.9
Crib Side Cyclic Tests 8.9.4
Crib Side Static Test 8.9.5
Crib Side Spindle/Slat Torque Test 8.9.6
Spindle/Slat Static Load Strength 8.10
Side Deflection and Strength Tests for 8.11
Mesh/Fabric Products
Floor Strength Test for Mesh/Fabric Products 8.12
Locking Mechanism Test 8.13
Dropgate Locking Device Test Method 8.13.1
Folding Latch Test Method 8.13.2
F406 − 22
Mesh Opening Test 8.14
Test for Strength of Mesh and Integrity of 8.15
Attachment
Mesh/Fabric Attachment Strength Test Method 8.16
Test for Stability of Product 8.17
Permanency of Labels and Warnings 8.18
Removal of Protective Components 8.21
Torque Test 8.21.3
Tension Test 8.21.4
Vinyl Thickness Measurement 8.22
Test for Attachment of Storage Pouch or Other 8.23
Parts with Printed Warnings
Cord/Strap Length Test Method 8.24
Cords/Straps Test Methods 8.24
Protrusions 8.25
Entrapment Tests 8.26
False Latch 8.27
Mattress Vertical Displacement Test 8.28
Top Rail Configuration Test 8.29
Minimum Space when Folded 8.29.1
Top Rail V-Shape Configuration Test 8.29.2
Top Rail to Corner Post Attachment Test 8.30
Load Application Procedure 8.30.3
Bassinet and Cradle Accessory – Sleep 8.31
Surface Collapse/Tilt
Marking and Labeling 9
Labeling 9.1
Warning Statements 9.2
Instructional Literature 10
Warning Statements 10.1.2
Water Mattress Use 10.3.3
Keywords 11
Design Guidelines for Protrusions Annex A2
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1424 Test Method for Tearing Strength of Fabrics by Falling-Pendulum (Elmendorf-Type) Apparatus
D1683/D1683M Test Method for Failure in Sewn Seams of Woven Fabrics
D3359 Test Methods for Rating Adhesion by Tape Test
D5034 Test Method for Breaking Strength and Elongation of Textile Fabrics (Grab Test)
F963 Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Safety
F1004 Consumer Safety Specification for Expansion Gates and Expandable Enclosures
F1487 Consumer Safety Performance Specification for Playground Equipment for Public Use
F2388 Consumer Safety Specification for Baby Changing Products for Domestic Use
2.2 EN Standards:
EN 716–1:1995 Cots and Folding Cots for Domestic Use
EN 12227–1:1999 Playpens for Domestic Use
2.3 ISO Standard:
IS0 8124-1:2000 Safety Aspects Related to Mechanical and Physical Properties
2.4 Federal Regulations:
16 CFR 1303 Ban of Lead-Containing Paint and Certain Consumer Products Bearing Lead-Containing Paint
16 CFR 1500 Hazardous Substances Act Regulations including sections:
1500.31500.3 (c) (6) (vi) Definition of “Flammable Solid”
1500.441500.44 Method for Determining Extremely Flammable and Flammable Solids
1500.481500.48 Technical Requirements for Determining a Sharp Point In Toys and Other Articles Intended for Use By
Children Under Eight Years of Age
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1 rue de Varembé, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland.
Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401.
F406 − 22
1500.491500.49 Technical Requirements for Determining a Sharp Metal or Glass Edge in Toys or Other Articles Intended for
Use By Children Under Eight Years of Age
1500.50-.52 1500.50-.52 Test Methods for Simulating Use and Abuse of Toys and Other Articles Intended for Use By
Children
16 CFR 1501 Method for Identifying Toys and Other Articles Intended for Use By Children Under Three Years of Age Which
Present Choking, Aspiration, or Ingestion Hazards Because of Small Parts
16 CFR 1509 Requirements for Non-Full-Size Baby Cribs
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 accessory, n—component with a rigid frame such as a bassinet or changing table that attaches to a non-full size crib/play
yard and that, because of its structure, location, or movement, may expose a non-full size crib/play yard occupant to an opening
presenting an entrapment hazard. It does not include: (1) items that hang outside the occupant areas, such as organizers and storage
bags, (2) canopies that have no rigid frame members running alongside any top rail, and (3) accessories that attach only to another
attachment and not directly to the non-full size crib/play yard.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—
Rationale: Definition applies only to accessories that attach to non-full size crib/play yard, not accessories that attach to bassinet
or changing table. This would exclude a changing table that attaches only to a bassinet, since a bassinet occupant is not able to
push up on hands and knees, and therefore is not at risk from an entrapment hazard.
3.1.1 accessory attachment components, n—the components that provide the means of attachment for a bassinet/cradle accessory
to a play yard. (See Fig. A1.1.)
3.1.2 bassinet/cradle accessory, n—an elevated sleep surface that attaches to play yard designed to convert the product into a
bassinet/cradle intended to have a horizontal sleep surface while in a rest (non-rocking) position.
3.1.3 cantilevered accessory, n—accessory that is supported and attached at only one end of the component to a non-full size
crib/play yard (see Fig. A1.2).
3.1.4 conspicuous, adj—Describes a label that is visible, when the unit is in a manufacturer’s recommended use position, to a
person standing near the unit at any one position around the unit but not necessarily visible from all positions.
3.1.5 cord, n—length of slender flexible material including monofilaments, rope, woven and twisted cord, plastic and textile tapes,
ribbon, and those materials commonly called string.
3.1.6 corner post, n—vertical post located at the corner of a product.
3.1.7 dropgate, n—side that is intended to pivot with respect to the frame when the product is in the manufacturer’s recommended
use position to provide easier access to the occupant.
3.1.7.1 Discussion—
Rationale: The word “telescope” was deleted because telescoping sides are really covered under the definition of movable sides.
Dropgates are products that pivot only. For reference, the definition of movable side in Consumer Safety Specification F406 is “top
portion of an otherwise stationary side that is intended to move with respect to the frame (other than a foldable side) when the
product is in the manufacturer’s recommended use position to provide easier access to the occupant.
3.1.8 dynamic load, n—application of an impulsive force through free fall of a weight.
3.1.9 fabric, n—any woven, knit, coated, laminated, extruded or calendered flexible material that is intended to be sewn, welded,
heat sealed, or glued together as an assembly.
3.1.10 foldable side or end, n—side or end panel intended to be stationary with respect to the frame when a product is in the
manufacturer’s recommended use position, but that folds to allow for carrying or storage of the product.
3.1.11 key structural elements, n—side assemblies, end assemblies, mattress supports or stabilizing bars which create the occupant
retention area.
F406 − 22
3.1.12 manufacturer’s recommended use position, n—any position that is presented by the manufacturer in any descriptive or
instructional literature as a normal, allowable, or acceptable configuration for use of the product. This specifically excludes
positions that the manufacturer shows in a like manner in its literature to be unacceptable, unsafe, or not recommended.
3.1.13 mattress, n—pad with a fabric, vinyl, or other material case filled with resilient material (such as cotton, foam, fiberfill, etc.)
used as or on the floor of the unit.
3.1.14 mattress support surface, n—the internal surface of the play yard which supports the mattress or mattress assembly.
3.1.15 mesh, n—mesh may be either a woven fabric in which the warp and filling yarns are interlaced, a knitted fabric in which
the wales and courses yarns are interlocked, or any other type of fabric that may be developed that provides openings therein.
3.1.16 mesh/fabric unit, n—unit constructed with a rigid frame assembly and a fabric or mesh assembly, or both, used to function
as sides, ends, or floor, or a combination thereof.
3.1.17 moveable side, n—top portion of an otherwise stationary side that is intended to move with respect to the frame (other than
a foldable side) when the product is in the manufacturer’s recommended use position to provide easier access to the occupant.
3.1.18 non-full-size crib, n—crib that (1) is intended for use in or around the home, for travel and other purposes; and (2) has an
interior length dimension either greater than 55 in. (139.7 cm) or smaller than 49 ⁄4 in. (126.3 cm), or an interior width dimension
5 3
greater than 30 ⁄8 in. (77.7 cm) or smaller than 25 ⁄8 in. (64.3 cm), or both.
3.1.18.1 Discussion—
This does not include mesh/net/screen cribs, nonrigidly constructed cribs, cradles (both rocker and pendulum types), car beds, baby
baskets and bassinets (also known as junior cribs). Non-full-size crib includes, but is not limited to, the following:
3.1.18.2 oversize crib, n—non-full-size crib with an interior length dimension greater than 55 in. (139.7 cm), or an interior width
dimension greater than 30 ⁄8 in. (77.7 cm), or both.
3.1.18.3 portable crib, n—non-full-size crib designed so that it may be folded or collapsed, without disassembly, to occupy a
volume substantially less than the volume it occupies when it is used.
3.1.18.4 specialty crib, n—unconventionally shaped (circular, hexagonal, etc.) non-full-size crib incorporating a special mattress
or other unconventional components.
3.1.18.5 undersize crib, n—non-full-size crib with an interior length dimension smaller than 49 ⁄4 in. (126.3 cm), or an interior
width dimension smaller than 25 ⁄8 in. (64.3 cm), or both.
3.1.19 non-paper label, n—any label material (such as plastic or metal) that either will not tear without the aid of tools or tears
leaving a sharply defined edge or labels made from fabric.
3.1.20 occupant, n—that individual who is in a product that is set up in one of the manufacturer’s recommended use positions.
3.1.21 paper label, n—any label material that tears without the aid of tools and leaves a fibrous edge.
3.1.22 play yard (aka playpen), n—framed enclosure that includes a floor and has mesh or fabric sided panels primarily intended
to provide a play or sleeping environment for children. Itchildren; it may fold for storage or travel.
3.1.23 play yard/non-full size crib dependent accessory, n—component with a rigid frame such as a bassinet or changing table that
attaches to a non-full size crib/play yard and that, because of its structure, location, or movement, may expose a non-full size
crib/play yard occupant to an opening presenting an entrapment hazard. Accessories that physically appear usable and functional
on the play yard/non-full size crib frame (without an accompanying full bassinet accessory attached) are considered a play
yard/non-full size crib dependent accessory, regardless of the manufacturer’s instruction. Play yard/non-full size crib dependent
accessories do not include: (1) items that hang outside the occupant areas, such as organizers and storage bags, (2) canopies that
have no rigid frame members running alongside any top rail, and (3) full accessories.
3.1.23.1 full accessories, n—any accessory that fully covers the top opening to the play yard/non-full size crib without any gaps
or openings. Non-exhaustive examples of full accessories include 3.1.23.2 and 3.1.23.3.
F406 − 22
3.1.23.2 full bassinet accessories, n—an accessory that utilizes the play yard/non-full size crib floor in its entirety, fully flat, in
an elevated position.
3.1.23.3 bassinet dependent accessories, n—an accessory that relies entirely on the full bassinet accessory for attachment and
structural support; these accessories must be used in conjunction with a full bassinet and so are considered full accessories.
3.1.24 protrusion, n—projection on the unit over which an item worn by a child may become hooked.
3.1.25 rigid sided product, n—product with sides/ends constructed of rigid materials like wood, plastic, or metal generally
configured as a horizontal rail/vertical slat assembly.
3.1.26 seam, n—means of joining fabric components such as sewing, welding, heat sealing, or gluing.
3.1.27 static load, n—vertically downward force applied by a calibrated force gage or dead weights.
3.1.28 stationary side, n—side or end panel that is not intended to fold, slide, or move with respect to the frame when the product
is in the manufacturer’s recommended use position.
3.1.29 strap, n—piece of flexible material of which the width is significantly greater than the thickness.
3.1.30 structural failure, n—damage to a component(s) or assembly resulting in partial separation (greater than 0.04 in. (1 mm)
(1 mm) over original configuration), or complete separation of the component(s) or assembly.
4. Calibration and Standardization
4.1 All testing shall be conducted on a concrete floor that may be covered with ⁄8-in. (3-mm) thick vinyl flooring cover, unless
test instructs differently.
4.2 The unit shall be completely assembled, unless otherwise noted, in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
4.3 No testing shall be conducted within 48 h of manufacturing.
4.4 The product to be tested shall be preconditioned in a room with ambient temperature of 73 6 9°F (23 6 5°C) for at least 1
h prior to testing. Testing shall then be conducted within this temperature range.
4.5 All testing required by this specification shall be conducted on the same unit.
5. General Requirements
5.1 Corner Posts:
5.1.1 No corner post assembly shall extend more than 0.06 in. 0.06 in. (1.50 mm) above the upper edge of an end or side panel,
whichever is higher, when measured from the lowest point on the upper edge of the end or side panel within 3 in. (76 mm) from
the outermost contour of the post or elbow (see Fig. A1.3).
5.1.1.1 This requirement applies when any moveable side is in either the raised or lowered position.
5.1.2 The limitations in 5.1.1 do not apply to a corner post assembly that extends at least 16 in. (400 mm) above the uppermost
surface of the side rail in its highest position.
5.1.3 Corner posts intended to accept removable vertical extensions made up of two or more segments (such as canopy post
extensions) shall not permit the attachment of individual segments such that the resultant vertical extension would be in violation
of the dimensional requirements of 5.1.
5.1.4 The dimensional requirements in 5.1 shall also apply to vertical members of circular cribs.
F406 − 22
5.2 There shall be no hazardous sharp points or edges as defined by 16 CFR 1500.48 and 16 CFR 1500.49 before or after testing
to this specification.
5.3 There shall be no small parts, as defined by 16 CFR 1501, before testing or liberated as a result of testing in accordance with
this specification.
5.4 The paint and surface coating on the product shall comply to 16 CFR 1303.
5.5 There shall be no flammable solids as defined in 16 CFR 1500.3 (c) (6) (vi) before or after testing in accordance with this
specification.
5.6 Scissoring, Shearing, or Pinching:
5.6.1 A product, when in the manufacturer’s recommended use position, shall be designed and constructed to prevent injury to
the occupant from any scissoring, shearing, or pinching when members or components rotate about a common axis or fastening
point, slide, pivot, fold, or otherwise move relative to one another. Scissoring, shearing, or pinching that may cause injury shall
not be permissible when the edges of the rigid parts admit a probe that is greater than 0.210 in. (5.30 mm) (5.30 mm) and less than
0.375 in. (9.50 mm) diameter at any accessible point throughout the range of motion of such parts.
5.6.2 Products that allow the top rail to be in a lowered position when the unit is erected, as shown in Fig. A1.4, shall be evaluated
for the potential for scissoring, shearing or pinching. Those components of the top rail, its hinges, locks, or mechanism that are
deemed to be capable of scissoring, shearing or pinching shall be tested in accordance with 5.6.2.1 – 5.6.2.4.
5.6.2.1 At all intersections of the drop top rail with the top rail saddle (Point A, Fig. A1.4), the insertion of a probe greater than
0.210 in. (5.30 mm) (5.30 mm) in diameter and less than 0.375 in. (9.50 mm) in diameter to a depth of more than 0.210 in. (5.30
mm) shall not be permitted in any position throughout the range of motion of the top rail.
5.6.2.2 All intersections of the hinge legs and saddle with the drop top rail and the inclined leg (Point B, Fig. A1.4) where no
padding of ⁄4 in. (6.30 mm) or less exists, shall allow a 0.375-in. (9.50-mm) diameter probe to pass between adjacent members
in any and all positions when rotating the hinge legs about their respective pivots.
5.6.2.3 The hinge legs shall allow a 0.375-in. (9.50-mm) diameter probe to pass between said hinge legs in any and all positions
allowed when rotating the hinge legs about their respective pivots.
5.6.2.4 At all intersections of the drop side rail locking mechanism (hinge legs with the saddle) (Point C, Fig. A1.4) the
intersection of the probe greater than 0.210 in. (5.30 mm) in diameter, and less than 0.375 in. (9.50 mm) in diameter, and greater
than 0.210 in. (5.30 mm) deep within the intersecting parts in any and all positions shall not be permitted.
5.7 Toy accessories attached to, removed from, or sold with a product, as well as their means of attachment, must meet applicable
requirements of Specification F963.
5.8 Latching and Locking Mechanisms:
5.8.1 All latches that are intended to be latched and unlatched during normal use while the child is in the product shall engage
automatically when placed in the use position before and after testing. Latches may be manually activated to allow placement into
the use position but must engage automatically when released.
5.8.2 Any unit that folds shall have a latching or locking device or other provision in the design that will prevent the unit from
unintentionally folding when properly placed in the manufacturer’s recommended use position.
5.8.2.1 During and upon completion of all testing, the unit shall remain in its manufacturer’s recommended use position.
5.8.3 If a unit is designed with a latching or locking device:
5.8.3.1 That device shall remain engaged and operative after testing.
F406 − 22
5.8.3.2 Each single-action locking or latching device that is provided to prevent folding shall require a minimum force of 10 lbf
(45 N) to activate the release mechanism when tested in accordance with 8.13.2.
5.8.3.3 Each double-action locking or latching device that is provided to prevent folding shall require two distinct and separate
actions for release. There are no force requirements for double-action locking or latching devices. For a device that is located under
the mattress, the removal of a mattress is considered one of the two required actions for the release of a double action device.
5.8.3.4 Product designs requiring latching or locking of a top rail(s) to prevent folding that include central hinge(s) and rail
assembly(ies) that moves downward when folded, as shown in Fig. A1.5, shall have a locking device that automatically engages
when placed in a manufacturer’s recommended use position.
5.8.3.5 No top rail shall give the appearance of being in the manufacturer’s recommended use position unless the locking device
is fully engaged. If the product has a latching device that automatically engages and is intended to be set up by first erecting the
side rails, and then depressing a center floor hub, the product shall be evaluated for false latch by testing in accordance with 8.27.
5.9 Openings:
5.9.1 Holes or slots that extend entirely through a wall section of any rigid material less than 0.375-in. (9.53-mm) thick and admit
a 0.210-in. (5.33-mm) diameter rod shall also admit a 0.375-in. (9.53-mm) diameter rod. Holes or slots that are between 0.210 in.
(5.33 mm) and 0.375 in. (9.53 mm) and have a wall thickness less than 0.375 in. (9.53 mm), but are limited in depth to 0.375-in.
(9.53-mm) maximum by another rigid surface shall be permissible (see Fig. A1.6). The product shall be evaluated in all
manufacturer’s recommended use positions. Holes and openings in surfaces that are in contact with the floor or are below the
mattress support and more than 3 in. (76 mm) in from the perimeter of the frame or outer perimeter of the occupant space of a
play yard or non full-size crib are exempt from this requirement because they are deemed not accessible to the occupant or child
on the outsides of the product.
5.9.2 Openings in the surface of a mattress support made of a rigid material shall be designed to prevent entrapment of fingers,
toes, hands, or feet if the occupant can readily move, lift, or fold the mattress to expose the opening. This requirement does not
apply to rigid-sided products where the total thickness of the mattress including all fabric or vinyl layers, filling material, and any
structural members such as wood, hardboard, etc. exceeds 2 ⁄2 in. Round openings shall comply with 5.9.1 and shall not exceed
1.25 in. (32 mm) in diameter. For other shaped openings, the opening shall comply with 5.9.1 and any linear continuous portion
of an opening that admits a 0.375-in. (9.5-mm) diameter rod must fit within a 1.25-in. (32-mm) diameter circle.
NOTE 2—Rationale: The minor dimension of 0.210 and the major dimension of 0.375 is to prevent finger and toe entrapments in accessible holes and
slots in juvenile products intended for children 6 to 24 months of age. These dimensional requirements are currently the standard for many juvenile
products. This subcommittee is not aware of incident data that would support a change to these dimensions.
Adding the phrase “through a wall section of a rigid material less than 0.375 in.” simplifies the testing procedure and is similar to existing international
standards and Specification F963. International standards (EN 716–1: 1995 and EN 12227–1:1999) state a depth of 10 mm (0.394 in.) which is similar
to the proposed 0.375 in. thickness. The thickness of 0.375 is also greater than existing toy standards Specification F963 and IS0 8124-1:2000, which
is only 0.062 in. thick.
The evaluation is limited to holes and openings that are accessible inside the play yard or accessible to a child outside the play yard. The areas of a
play yard or non-full-size crib that are not accessible are those components and surfaces on the underside of the floor and support structure that are some
distance in from the outer perimeter, for example, tubing, center floor support hub, and the hardboard mattress support.
The requirements to not apply to mattresses with a thickness greater than 2 ⁄2 in. because the occupant is unlikely to be able to access the mattress
support under such a thick mattress.
5.10 Protective Components—If the child can grasp components between the thumb and forefinger, or teeth, (such as caps, sleeves,
or plugs used for protection from sharp edges, points, or entrapment of fingers or toes) or if there is at least a 0.040-in. (1.00-mm)
gap between the component and its adjacent parent component, such component shall not be removed when tested in accordance
with 8.21.
5.11 Labeling:
5.11.1 Warning labels (whether paper or nonpaper) shall be permanent when tested in accordance with 8.18.
5.11.2 Warning statements applied directly onto the surface of the product by hot stamping, heat transfer, printing, wood burning,
etc. shall be permanent when tested in accordance with 8.19.
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5.11.3 Nonpaper labels shall not liberate small parts when tested in accordance with 8.20.
5.11.4 Storage pouch or other part with warning statements printed on it, excluding labels, shall be considered permanent if it
cannot be removed when tested in accordance with 8.23.
5.12 Stability—When subjected to the test described in 8.17, a minimum of three perimeter support points of the product not in
a straight line shall remain in contact with the inclined plane. Products with an adjustable mattress support shall be tested with the
mattress in the lowest adjustment position.
5.13 Cord/Strap Length—Cords/Straps: No cord or strap made of a flexible material such as fabric, elastic, or plastic having a free
stretched length in excess of 7.4 in. (188 mm) shall be attached to a product. Test in accordance with 8.24.
5.13.1 Cords/Straps Free Length—Any cord or strap made of a flexible material such as fabric, elastic, or plastic attached to the
product shall have a free length of 7.4 in. (188 mm) or less when tested in accordance with 8.24.1.
5.13.2 Cords/Straps That Can Form Loops—Cords/straps attached to the product, whether fastened or unfastened, shall not be
capable of connecting or tangling to form a loop in conjunction with the product that has a perimeter of 16.3 in. (414 mm) or more
when tested in accordance with 8.24.2.
5.14 Coil Springs—Any exposed coil spring that is accessible to the occupant, having or capable of generating a space between
coils of 0.210 in. (5.30 mm) or greater during static load testing specified in 8.6, 8.11, 8.12, and 8.13 shall be covered or otherwise
designed to prevent injury from entrapment.
5.15 Entrapment in Accessories—These requirements apply to play yard/non-full size crib dependent accessories as defined in
3.1.13.1.23 and cantilevered accessories defined in 3.1.43.1.3 that do not qualify as full accessories (3.1.23.1) that attach to or rest
on a non-full size crib/play yard. (See Fig. A1.7 for an example of an accessory that attaches to the play yard on one side and rests
on the play yard on the other side.) These requirements do not apply to bassinet and changing table accessories or cantilevered
accessories thatfull accessories as defined in 3.1.23.1 make the non-full size crib/play yard unusable when the accessory is
assembled according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The non-full size crib/play yard is considered to be unusable if the
accessory requires the non-full size crib/play yard floor to be removed from the non-full size crib/play yard and used in whole in
the accessory. unless there is an occupant access “door” in the walls of the play yard/non-full size crib. In this section, the small
head probe prescribed is shown in Fig. A1.8; the large head probe prescribed is shown in Fig. A1.9.
5.15.1 Entrapment—When tested in accordance with the procedures in 8.26.1 and 8.26.2, openings in accessories and cantilevered
accessories shall not allow the complete passage of the small head probe, unless they allow the complete passage of the large head
probe.
5.15.2 Detachment—When tested in accordance with the procedures in 8.26.1 and 8.26.3, any opening exposed by the test shall
not allow the complete passage of the small head probe.
5.15.3 Rationale—The entrapment test is to address entrapment when an accessory is added to a non-full size crib/play yard that
could create an opening that may entrap an occupant’s head. Openings shall be evaluated with accessories in any possible location.
Openings are also evaluated after application of a 25-lbf force to the small head probe. This is the same force used to evaluate
entrapment in shelves in the changing table standard. A 25-lbf force is also used in evaluating mattress support systems in the
current non-full size crib/play yard/non-full-size and full-size crib standards. The small head probe represents the 5th percentile
6-month-old child because that is the youngest child having the developmental abilities to become entrapped.
5.15.4 With the accessory installed on the play yard/non-full size crib per the manufacturer’s instructions, cords and straps on the
accessory, whether fastened or unfastened, must not be capable of forming a loop in conjunction with the product that allows
complete passage of the small head probe. Restraints straps shall be evaluated in all possible configurations, other than the
manufacturer’s intended use position fastened on top of the product surface. In addition, restraint straps are to be evaluated as
follows:
5.15.4.1 Evaluation on Underside of Accessory—If any restraint component can be pushed or pulled with a force less than 25 lb
through any opening that extends completely through the accessory, the restraint component shall be pushed or pulled through the
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accessory and evaluated in the fastened and unfastened condition below the lowest surface on the underside of the accessory (see
Fig. A1.10). Any loop(s) formed shall not allow complete passage of the small head probe.
5.15.4.2 When fastened per the manufacturer’s instructions, extended to their greatest length and draped over the side of the
accessory (see Fig. A1.11), restraint straps shall not allow complete passage of the small head probe below the lowest surface on
the underside of the accessory.
5.16 Mattress:
5.16.1 Each product product, other than those that are designed exclusively for play and not for sleep, and are intended to be used
without a mattress, shall be sold with the mattress included.
NOTE 3—Mesh/fabric play yards that are designed exclusively for play and not for sleep, and are intended to be used without a mattress, are excluded
from the requirement of 5.16.1 and 5.16.2.
5.16.2 For mesh/fabric products, the filling material of the mattress such as foam, fiberfill, etc. shall not exceedMesh/fabric play
yard products shall meet 5.16.2.1 1 in. (25 mm) in thickness. The total thickness of the mattress including all fabric or 5.16.2.2vinyl
layers, filling material and any structural members such as wood, hardboard, etc. shall not exceed 1. ⁄2 in. (38.1 mm).
5.16.2.1 Mattresses up to 1.5 in. thick:
(1) The filling material of the mattress such as foam, fiberfill, etc. shall not exceed 1 in. (25 mm) in thickness. The total
thickness of the mattress including all fabric or vinyl layers, filling material, and any structural members such as wood, hardboard,
etc. shall not exceed 1 ⁄2 in. (38.1 mm).
5.16.2.2 Mattresses over 1.5 in. thick:
(1) Total thickness of the mattress including all fabric or vinyl layers, filling material, and any structural members such as
wood, hardboard, etc. shall not exceed 2 in. (50.8 mm).
(2) Mattress to Product Side Gap Measurement—When a mattress is centered in the manufacturer’s recommended use
position, and installed with all required attachment means, no gaps greater than ⁄2 in. (12.7 mm) shall be present when measured
according to 8.32.
5.17 Mattresses for Rigid Sided Products (see Fig. A1.12 and Fig. A1.13):
5.17.1 Mattress Thickness:
5.17.1.1 A mattress supplied with a non-full-size crib shall, in a noncompressed state, have a thickness that will provide a
minimum effective crib-side height dimension of at least 20 in. (50.8 cm) as measured from the upper surface of the crib side or
end panel, or both. For this measurement, the crib side shall be in its highest adjustable position and the mattress support in its
lowest adjustable position.
5.17.1.2 A mattress supplied with a non-full-size crib shall, in a noncompressed state, have a thickness that will provide a
minimum effective crib-side height dimension of at least 3 in. (7.6 cm) as measured from the upper surface of the mattress to the
upper surface of the crib side or end panel, or both. For this measurement, the crib side shall be in its lowest adjustable position
and the mattress support in its highest adjustable position.
5.17.2 Mattress Dimensions—The dimensions of a mattress supplied with a non-full-size crib shall be such that the mattress, when
inserted in the center of the crib, in a noncompressed state at any of the adjustable positions of the mattress support, shall not leave
a gap of more than ⁄2 in. (1.3 cm) at any point between the perimeter of the mattress and the perimeter of the crib. When the
mattress is placed against the perimeter of the crib the resulting gap shall not exceed 1 in. (2.6 cm).
5.18 Protrusions—Neither string on the weight gage shall stay attached to a protrusion when tested in accordance with 8.25.
5.19 Bassinet/Cradle Accessories – Missing Accessory Attachment Components:
5.19.1 Bassinet/cradle accessories that have all accessory attachment components permanently attached to the bassinet/cradle
accessory, or by any permanent means prohibiting their removal from the bassinet/cradle accessory, are exempt from the
requirements described in 5.19.2.
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5.19.2 Bassinet/cradle accessories which require consumer assembly of accessory attachment component(s), and that can be
assembled and attached to the product with any accessory attachment component(s) missing, shall meet either 5.19.2.1 or 5.19.2.2
when each accessory attachment component not permanently attached is removed.
5.19.2.1 The bassinet/cradle accessory shall collapse such that any part of the mattress pad contacts the bottom floor of the play
yard or is not able to support the 4.0 lbm test mass when tested to 8.31.
5.19.2.2 The bassinet/cradle accessory sleep surface shall tilt by more than 30° when tested to 8.31.
NOTE 3—Rationale: The Bassinet/cradle missing accessory attachment components requirements were included to address IDI110825CAA2853 involving
a bassinet accessory used in a play yard where accessory attachment components were omitted during the assembly, installation and use of the bassinet
accessory. The omission of such critical components may result in a hazardous condition. The requirement allows for visual cues for the bassinet accessory
during testing including collapse or surface tilt of at least 30°. These requirements were considered obvious cues to the consumer to indicate that the
product is not assembled or installed correctly. Children weighing less than 4 lb are typically not released from the hospital consequently the 4-lb mass
is based on the minimum expected weight of the youngest occupant.
5.20 Record Keeping—The manufacturer or importer shall keep and maintain for 6 years after production or importation of each
lot or other identifying unit of rigid non-full-size cribs, records of sale and distribution. These records shall be made available upon
request at reasonable times to any officer, employee, or agent acting on behalf of the Consumer Product Safety Commission. The
manufacturer or importer shall permit such officer, employee, or agent to inspect and copy such records, to make such inventories
of stock as he or she deems necessary, and to otherwise verify the accuracy of such records.
6. Performance Requirements for Rigid Sided Products
6.1 Before and after all testing, the product shall comply with the requirements of Section 5.
6.2 Crib-Side Height (see Fig. A1.12 and Fig. A1.13):
6.2.1 For moveable sides, with the mattress support in its highest adjustable position and the crib side in its lowest adjustable
position, the vertical distance from the upper surface of the mattress support to the upper surface of the crib side or end panel, or
both, shall not be less than 5 in. (12.7 cm).
6.2.2 For stationary sides, with the mattress support in its highest adjustable position, the vertical distance from the upper surface
of the uncompressed mattress to the upper surface of the crib side or end panel, or both, shall not be less than 9 in. (22.8 cm).
6.2.3 With the mattress support in its lowest adjustable position and the crib side in its highest adjustable position, the vertical
distance from the upper surface of the mattress support to the upper surface of the cri
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