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ASTM D7614-20

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Determination of Total Suspended Particulate (TSP) Hexavalent Chromium in Ambient Air Analyzed by Ion Chromatography (IC) and Spectrophotometric Measurements

Standard Test Method for Determination of Total Suspended Particulate (TSP) Hexavalent Chromium in Ambient Air Analyzed by Ion Chromatography (IC) and Spectrophotometric Measurements

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Hexavalent chromium is anthropogenic from a number of commercial and industrial sources. It readily penetrates biological membranes and has been identified as a carcinogen and industrial toxin. Hexavalent chromium is a known inhalation irritant and is associated with respiratory cancer (5).  
5.2 Ambient atmospheric concentrations of hexavalent chromium are well below the detection limits of previous analytical methods utilized for the determination of hexavalent chromium (2).  
5.3 Ambient atmospheric concentrations of hexavalent chromium provide a means of evaluating exposures in a manner that can be related to health-based risk levels. The data for samples collected in situ provide an improved basis for health assessments of potential exposures (5).  
5.4 This test method provides step-by-step instructions for the sampling and analysis of total suspended ambient air particulates for hexavalent chromium.  
5.5 This test method assumes that field and laboratory personnel are familiar with low volume ambient air sampling and hexavalent chromium analysis by ion chromatography with post-column derivatization. This method should not be performed for regulatory or compliance purposes until the field and laboratory personnel have demonstrated the ability to collect and analyze samples in such a manner as to pass the quality control requirements found in Section 13.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method specifies a procedure for the sampling and analysis of airborne particulate matter for hexavalent chromium in ambient air samples.  
1.2 This method is applicable to the determination of masses of 0.40 to 20.0 ng of hexavalent chromium per sample without dilution. Detection limits vary by instrumentation. Some laboratories may be able to achieve lower detection limits. The lower limit of applicability for this method was determined in a 2019 multi-laboratory detection limit study (1).2  
1.3 This method is applicable to hexavalent chromium measurement in the atmosphere from 0.019 to 0.926 ng/m3 assuming a 21.6 m3 sample volume. The lower range may be decreased with longer sampling times. The upper range can be increased using appropriate dilutions.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
29-Feb-2020
ICS
13.040.20 - Ambient atmospheres
Technical Committee
D22 - Air Quality
Drafting Committee
D22.03 - Ambient Atmospheres and Source Emissions
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Refers
ASTM D1356-20a - Standard Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
Effective Date
01-Sep-2020
Refers
ASTM D1356-20 - Standard Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
Effective Date
15-Mar-2020

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ASTM D7614-20 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Total Suspended Particulate (TSP) Hexavalent Chromium in Ambient Air Analyzed by Ion Chromatography (IC) and Spectrophotometric MeasurementsASTM D7614-20 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Total Suspended Particulate (TSP) Hexavalent Chromium in Ambient Air Analyzed by Ion Chromatography (IC) and Spectrophotometric Measurements
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REDLINE ASTM D7614-20 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Total Suspended Particulate (TSP) Hexavalent Chromium in Ambient Air Analyzed by Ion Chromatography (IC) and Spectrophotometric MeasurementsREDLINE ASTM D7614-20 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Total Suspended Particulate (TSP) Hexavalent Chromium in Ambient Air Analyzed by Ion Chromatography (IC) and Spectrophotometric Measurements
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Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7614 − 20
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Total Suspended Particulate (TSP)
Hexavalent Chromium in Ambient Air Analyzed by Ion
Chromatography (IC) and Spectrophotometric
1
Measurements
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7614; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
3
1.1 This test method specifies a procedure for the sampling 2.1 ASTM Standards:
and analysis of airborne particulate matter for hexavalent D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
chromium in ambient air samples. D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of
Atmospheres
1.2 This method is applicable to the determination of
D1357 Practice for Planning the Sampling of the Ambient
masses of 0.40 to 20.0 ng of hexavalent chromium per sample
Atmosphere
without dilution. Detection limits vary by instrumentation.
D3195 Practice for Rotameter Calibration
Some laboratories may be able to achieve lower detection
D4840 Guide for Sample Chain-of-Custody Procedures
limits. The lower limit of applicability for this method was
E288 Specification for Laboratory Glass Volumetric Flasks
determined in a 2019 multi-laboratory detection limit study
2
E438 Specification for Glasses in Laboratory Apparatus
(1).
E1154 Specification for Piston or Plunger Operated Volu-
1.3 This method is applicable to hexavalent chromium
metric Apparatus
3
measurement in the atmosphere from 0.019 to 0.926 ng/m
3
assuming a 21.6 m sample volume. The lower range may be
3. Terminology
decreased with longer sampling times. The upper range can be
3.1 Definitions:
increased using appropriate dilutions.
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
to Terminology D1356.
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
standard.
3.2.1 acid hardened filters, n—cellulose filters which have
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
been acid-washed and solvent-rinsed by the manufacturer.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2.2 cassette, n—a cartridge designed to contain a filter
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
through which air is pulled during sample collection. Cassettes
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
may be specific to a brand or model of sampler.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.2.3 chain of custody (COC), n—a document that provides
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
for the traceable transfer of field samples to the analytical
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
laboratory.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- 3.2.4 eluent, n—the mobile phase used to transport the
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
sample through the ion chromatograph (IC) system, to include
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. the UV/Vis detector.
3.2.5 field data sheet, n—a record that provides a reference
document for information directly related to the sample col-
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air
lection event, including pre- and post-calibration data.
Quality and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.03 on Ambient
Atmospheres and Source Emissions.
Current edition approved March 1, 2020. Published May 2020. Originally
3
approved in 2012. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D7614 – 12. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
DOI:10.1520/D7614-20. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
2
The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to a list of references at the end of Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
this standard. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7614 − 20
3.2.6 quality assurance project plan (QAPP) or project biological membranes and has been identified as a carcinogen
plan, n—a document agreed upon by all stakeholders which and industrial toxin. Hexavalent chromium is a known inhala-
clearly delineates all aspects of the monitoring project, to ti
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7614 − 12 D7614 − 20
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Total Suspended Particulate (TSP)
Hexavalent Chromium in Ambient Air Analyzed by Ion
Chromatography (IC) and Spectrophotometric
1
Measurements
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7614; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method specifies a procedure for the sampling and analysis of airborne particulate matter for hexavalent chromium
in ambient air samples.
3
1.2 The method involves drawing 21.6 m ambient air (at 15 L/min for 24 hours) through a sodium bicarbonate cellulose acid
washed filter. Atmospheric hexavalent chromium is stabilized on the alkaline coated filter.
1.3 This method uses ion chromatography with post-column derivatization with 1,5-diphenylcarbazide (DPC) and a
Ultraviolet/Visible (UV/VIS) detector.
1.2 This method is applicable to the determination of masses of 0.100.40 to 20.0 ng of hexavalent chromium per sample without
dilution. Detection limits vary by instrumentation. Some laboratories may be able to achieve lower detection limits. The lower limit
2
of applicability for this method was determined in a 2019 multi-laboratory detection limit study (1).
3
1.3 This method is applicable forto hexavalent chromium measurement in the atmosphere from 0.004 ng/m0.019 to 0.926
3 3
ng/m assuming a 21.6 m sample volume. The range lower range may be decreased with longer sampling times. The upper range
can be increased using appropriate dilutions.
1.6 Interconversion of trivalent and hexavalent chromium during sampling is minimized to the extent possible by using these
sampling procedures.
1.7 The corresponding method for workplace air samples is ASTM Test Method D6832.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D4840 Guide for Sample Chain-of-Custody Procedures
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
D1357 Practice for Planning the Sampling of the Ambient Atmosphere
D3195 Practice for Rotameter Calibration
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air Quality and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.03 on Ambient Atmospheres
and Source Emissions.
Current edition approved April 1, 2012March 1, 2020. Published May 2012May 2020. DOI:10.1520/D7614-12.Originally approved in 2012. Last previous edition
approved in 2012 as D7614 – 12. DOI:10.1520/D7614-20.
2
The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to a list of references at the end of this standard.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7614 − 20
D3586D4840 Test Method for Chromium in Workplace Atmospheres (Colorimetric Method)Guide for Sample Chain-of-
Custody Procedures (Withdrawn 1990)
D5281E288 Test Method for Collection and Analysis of Hexavalent Chromium in Ambient AtmospheresSpecification for
Laboratory Glass Volumetric Flasks
D6832E438 Test Method for the Determination of Hexavalent Chromium in Workplace Air by Ion Chromatography and
Spectrophotometric Measurement Using 1,5-diphenylcarbazideSpecification for Glasses in Laboratory Apparatus
E1154 Specification for Piston or Plunger Operated Volumetric Apparatus
...

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Standard Practice for Performance Evaluation of Ambient Outdoor Air Quality Sensors and Sensor-based Instruments for Portable and Fixed-point Measurement

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice establishes standardized tests for the performance evaluation of sensor-based continuous instruments for ambient air quality measurements. Public and private air monitoring interests have manifested themselves as a driving force for the deployment of air quality sensors and instruments to quantify air pollutant concentrations in communities, around schools, around industrial facilities, and elsewhere. Users of air quality sensors require information on the performance and limitations of these devices so that informed decisions regarding their suitability for various purposes can be determined. This practice describes both laboratory and field tests that provide information on candidate instrument repeatability, sensitivity, linearity, cross-interferences, drift and comparability with more costly instruments typically used by entities such as government agencies. The air quality sensors are first evaluated in a laboratory chamber by comparing their response to a reference instrument and challenging the gas sensors with interferents. The sensors are then deployed outdoors for field testing at two sites with different climates against reference air quality instruments. This practice is intended to be referenced in standards and codes that establish minimum performance quality for sensor-based ambient outdoor air monitoring.  
5.2 This practice is intended for air quality sensors that measure one or more of the criteria pollutants in ambient air (ozone, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, PM10 and PM2.5) that can be operated in outdoor environments and can log a concentration reading. It is not intended for devices or transducers that require additional enclosures for deployment outdoors or post-processing to convert their output signal into a pollutant concentration reading.  
5.3 It is anticipated that the main users of this practice will be manufacturers, developers, and distributors of outdoor air quality sensors, air quality agenc...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice establishes standardized tests for the performance evaluation of sensor-based continuous instruments for ambient outdoor air quality measurements. It describes both laboratory and field tests that provide information on candidate sensor repeatability, sensitivity, linearity, cross-interferences, drift, and comparability against reference instruments.  
1.2 This practice does not apply to sensors or instruments that remotely measure atmospheric pollutants using open path, lidar, or imaging technology.  
1.3 The evaluation procedures contained in this practice are for sensors that alone or in combination measure outdoor criteria pollutants in ambient air: particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2), ozone (O3), carbon monoxide (CO), or nitrogen dioxide (NO2) at concentrations that are relevant to public health.  
1.4 Testing is to be performed by a competent entity able to demonstrate that it operates in conformity with internationally accepted test laboratory quality standards such as ISO/IEC 17025.  
1.5 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D2914-15(2022)(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Sulfur Dioxide Content of the Atmosphere (West-Gaeke Method)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Sulfur dioxide is a major air pollutant, commonly formed by the combustion of sulfur-bearing fuels. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has set primary and secondary air quality standards (7) that are designed to protect the public health and welfare.  
5.2 The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has promulgated exposure limits for sulfur dioxide in workplace atmospheres (8).  
5.3 These methods have been found satisfactory for measuring sulfur dioxide in ambient and workplace atmospheres over the ranges pertinent in 5.1 and 5.2.  
5.4 Method A has been designed to correspond to the EPA-Designated Reference Method (7) for the determination of sulfur dioxide.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the bubbler collection and colorimetric determination of sulfur dioxide (SO2) in the ambient or workplace atmosphere.  
1.2 These test methods are applicable for determining SO2 over the range from approximately 25 μg/m3 (0.01 ppm(v)) to 1000 μg/m3 (0.4 ppm(v)), corresponding to a solution concentration of 0.03 μg SO2/mL to 1.3 μg SO2/mL. Beer's law is followed through the working analytical range from 0.02 μg SO2/mL to 1.4 μg SO2/mL.  
1.3 The lower limit of detection is 0.075 μg SO2/mL (1),2 representing an air concentration of 25 μg SO2/m3 (0.01 ppm(v)) in a 30-min sample, or 13 μg SO2/m3 (0.005 ppm(v)) in a 24-h sample.  
1.4 These test methods incorporate sampling for periods between 30 min and 24 h.  
1.5 These test methods describe the determination of the collected (impinged) samples. A Method A and a Method B are described.  
1.6 Method A is preferred over Method B, as it gives the higher sensitivity, but it has a higher blank. Manual Method B is pH-dependent, but is more suitable with spectrometers having a spectral band width greater than 20 nm.
Note 1: These test methods are applicable at concentrations below 25 μg/m3 by sampling larger volumes of air if the absorption efficiency of the particular system is first determined, as described in Annex A4.
Note 2: Concentrations higher than 1000 μg/m3 can be determined by using smaller gas volumes, larger collection volumes, or by suitable dilution of the collected sample with absorbing solution prior to analysis.  
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.8 Warning—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been demonstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited by law.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see 8.3.1, Section 9, and A3.1.3.  
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D3162-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Carbon Monoxide in the Atmosphere (Continuous Measurement by Nondispersive Infrared Spectrometry)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Determination of carbon monoxide is essential to evaluation of many air pollution concerns and pollution control strategies. This test method derives significance from providing such determination.  
5.2 Carbon monoxide is formed in the process of incomplete combustion of hydrocarbon fuels, and is a constituent of the exhaust of gasoline engines. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has set primary and secondary air quality standards for CO that are designed to protect the public health and welfare (3, 4).  
5.3 This test method is suitable for measurements appropriate for the purposes noted in 5.1 and 5.2.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is applicable to the determination of the carbon monoxide (CO) concentration of the atmosphere between 0.6 mg/m3 (0.5 ppm(v)) and 115 mg/m3 (100 ppm(v)). The measuring principle is based on the absorption of infrared radiation by CO in the 4.7 μm region (1).2  
1.2 The test method has a limit of detection of about 0.6 mg/m3 (0.5 ppm(v)) carbon monoxide in air.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values and units in parentheses are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 9 for additional precautions.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D4323-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Hydrogen Sulfide in the Atmosphere by Rate of Change of Reflectance

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Hydrogen sulfide is an odorous substance which is offensive even at low concentrations in the atmosphere and toxic at higher levels. It may be a product of biological processes in the absence of oxygen, as may occur in municipal landfills. It is emitted from geothermal sources, occurs in oil and gas, and may be emitted from industrial processes. Measurement is required for air pollution studies, for pollution control, environmental justice based monitoring, and for plume characterization. This test method is intended for hydrogen sulfide content up to 3000 ppbv. Measurement of hydrogen sulfide above this concentration in gaseous fuels, carbon dioxide or other gaseous matrices is described in Test Method D4084. Equipment described is suitable for fixed site or for mobile monitoring.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the automatic continuous determination of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in the atmosphere or in gaseous samples in the range from one part per billion by volume (1 ppb/v) to 3000 ppb/v. Information obtained may be used for air-pollution studies, fence-line monitoring, and other source emission monitoring.  
1.2 The range may be extended by appropriate dilution techniques or by equipment modification.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (See Section 9 for specific safety precautionary statements.)  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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