ASTM D1894-06
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Static and Kinetic Coefficients of Friction of Plastic Film and Sheeting
Standard Test Method for Static and Kinetic Coefficients of Friction of Plastic Film and Sheeting
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the coefficients of starting and sliding friction of plastic film and sheeting when sliding over itself or other substances at specified test conditions. The procedure permits the use of a stationary sled with a moving plane, or a moving sled with a stationary plane. Both procedures yield the same coefficients of friction values for a given sample. Note 1—For the frictional characteristics of plastic films partially wrapped around a cylinder, or capstan, see Test Method G 143 under the jurisdiction of ASTM Subcommittee G02.50.
1.2 Test data obtained by this test method is relevant and appropriate for use in engineering design.
1.2.1 As an option to this test, coefficient of friction may be run at temperatures other than 23°C by heating only the plane while the sled is at ambient temperature.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in brackets are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific precautionary statement, see the end of .Note 2
This test method is not equivalent to ISO 8295-1995, and results cannot be directly compared between the two methods.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation:D1894–06
Standard Test Method for
Static and Kinetic Coefficients of Friction of Plastic Film and
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Sheeting
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1894; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* D 4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Mate-
rials
1.1 Thistestmethodcoversdeterminationofthecoefficients
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
ofstartingandslidingfrictionofplasticfilmandsheetingwhen
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
sliding over itself or other substances at specified test condi-
G 143 Test Method for Measurement of Web/Roller Fric-
tions. The procedure permits the use of a stationary sled with
tion Characteristics
a moving plane, or a moving sled with a stationary plane. Both
2.2 ISO Standard:
procedures yield the same coefficients of friction values for a
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ISO 8295–1995
given sample.
NOTE 1—For the frictional characteristics of plastic films partially 3. Terminology
wrapped around a cylinder, or capstan, see Test Method G 143 under the
3.1 Definitions:
jurisdiction of ASTM Subcommittee G02.50.
3.1.1 friction, n—resistance to relative motion between two
1.2 Test data obtained by this test method is relevant and
bodies in contact.
appropriate for use in engineering design.
3.1.1.1 coeffıcient of friction—the ratio of the force required
1.2.1 As an option to this test, coefficient of friction may be
to move one surface over another to the total force applied
run at temperatures other than 23°C by heating only the plane
normal to those surfaces.
while the sled is at ambient temperature.
3.1.1.2 kinetic coeffıcient of friction—the ratio of the force
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
required to move one surface over another to the total force
standard.Thevaluesgiveninbracketsareforinformationonly.
applied normal to those surfaces, once that motion is in
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
progress.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.1.3 static coeffıcient of friction—the ratio of the force
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
required to move one surface over another to the total force
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
applied normal to those surfaces, at the instant motion starts.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
precautionary statement, see the end of 6.5.
3.2.1 slip—in plastic films, lubricity of two surfaces sliding
in contact with each other.
NOTE 2—This test method is not equivalent to ISO 8295–1995, and
results cannot be directly compared between the two methods.
4. Significance and Use
2. Referenced Documents
4.1 Measurements of frictional properties may be made on a
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2.1 ASTM Standards: film or sheeting specimen when sliding over itself or over
another substance.The coefficients of friction are related to the
D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
D 883 Terminology Relating to Plastics slip properties of plastic films that are of wide interest in
packagingapplications.Thesemethodsyieldempiricaldatafor
D 3574 TestMethodsforFlexibleCellularMaterials—Slab,
Bonded, and Molded Urethane Foams control purposes in film production. Correlation of test results
with actual performance can usually be established.
4.1.1 Thistestmethodincludestestingattemperaturesother
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This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics
than23°Cbyheatingonlytheplanewhilethesledisatambient
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.19 on Film and Sheeting.
temperature.
Current edition approved May 1, 2006. Published June 2006. Originally
approved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D 1894 - 01.
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For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
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Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
the ASTM website. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D1894–06
4.2 Slip properties are generated by additives in some faced masking tape. When a sheet (see 6.3) is to
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