ASTM D3231-18
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Phosphorus in Gasoline
Standard Test Method for Phosphorus in Gasoline
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Phosphorus in gasoline will damage catalytic convertors used in automotive emission control systems, and its level therefore is kept low.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of phosphorus generally present as pentavalent phosphate esters or salts, or both, in gasoline. This test method is applicable for the determination of phosphorus in the range from 0.2 mg to 40 mg P/L or 0.0008 g to 0.15 g P/U.S. gal.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Section 6 and 9.5.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D3231 − 18
Standard Test Method for
1
Phosphorus in Gasoline
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3231; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* E832 Specification for Laboratory Filter Papers
1.1 This test method covers the determination of phospho-
3. Summary of Test Method
rus generally present as pentavalent phosphate esters or salts,
or both, in gasoline. This test method is applicable for the 3.1 Organic matter in the sample is decomposed by ignition
in the presence of zinc oxide. The residue is dissolved in
determinationofphosphorusintherangefrom0.2 mgto40mg
P/L or 0.0008 g to 0.15 g P/U.S. gal. sulfuric acid and reacted with ammonium molybdate and
hydrazine sulfate. The absorbance of the Molybdenum Blue
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
complex is proportional to the phosphorus concentration in the
standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are
sample and is read at approximately 820 nm in a 5 cm cell.
provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4. Significance and Use
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.1 Phosphorus in gasoline will damage catalytic convertors
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
used in automotive emission control systems, and its level
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
therefore is kept low.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
For specific warning statements, see Section 6 and 9.5.
5. Apparatus
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
5.1 Buret, 10 mL capacity, 0.05 mL subdivisions.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
5.2 Constant-Temperature Bath, equipped to hold several
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
100 mL volumetric flasks submerged to the mark. Bath must
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
have a large enough reservoir or heat capacity to keep the
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
temperatureat82.2 °Cto87.8 °C(180 °Fto190 °F)duringthe
entire period of sample heating.
2. Referenced Documents
NOTE 1—If the temperature of the hot water bath drops below 82.2 °C
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
(180 °F), the color development cannot be complete.
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
5.3 Cooling Bath, equipped to hold several 100 mL volu-
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
metric flasks submerged to the mark in ice water.
Petroleum Products
5.4 Filter Paper, for quantitative analysis, Class G for fine
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
precipitates as defined in Specification E832.
Petroleum Products
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
5.5 Ignition Dish—Coors porcelain evaporating dish, glazed
and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
inside and outside, with pourout (Size No. 00A, diameter
Measurement System Performance
75 mm, capacity 70 mL).
5.6 Spectrophotometer, equipped with a tungsten lamp, a
1 red-sensitive phototube capable of operating at 830 nm and
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of with absorption cells that have a 5 cm light path.
Subcommittee D02.03 on Elemental Analysis.
5.7 Thermometer, ASTM 34C or 34F, range from 25 °C to
Current edition approved April 1, 2018. Published April 2018. Originally
approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D3231 – 13. DOI: 105 °C (77 °F to 221 °F).
10.1520/D3231-18.
2
NOTE 2—Other temperature measuring devices, such as thermocouples
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
or resistance thermometers, may be used when the temperature readings
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on obtained by these devices are determined to produce the same results that
the ASTM website. are obtained when mercury-in-glass thermometers are used. The precision
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harb
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3231 − 13 D3231 − 18
Standard Test Method for
1
Phosphorus in Gasoline
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3231; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of phosphorus generally present as pentavalent phosphate esters or salts, or both,
in gasoline. This test method is applicable for the determination of phosphorus in the range from 0.20.2 mg to 40 mg P/litreP/L
or 0.00080.0008 g to 0.15 g 0.15 g P/U.S. gal.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.after
SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Section 6 and 9.5.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measure-
ment System Performance
E832 Specification for Laboratory Filter Papers
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 Organic matter in the sample is decomposed by ignition in the presence of zinc oxide. The residue is dissolved in sulfuric
acid and reacted with ammonium molybdate and hydrazine sulfate. The absorbance of the Molybdenum Blue complex is
proportional to the phosphorus concentration in the sample and is read at approximately 820 nm 820 nm in a 5-cm5 cm cell.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Phosphorus in gasoline will damage catalytic convertors used in automotive emission control systems, and its level therefore
is kept low.
5. Apparatus
5.1 Buret, 10-mL10 mL capacity, 0.05-mL0.05 mL subdivisions.
5.2 Constant-Temperature Bath, equipped to hold several 100-mL100 mL volumetric flasks submerged to the mark. Bath must
have a large enough reservoir or heat capacity to keep the temperature at 82.282.2 °C to 87.8°C (18087.8 °C (180 °F to
190°F)190 °F) during the entire period of sample heating.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.03 on Elemental Analysis.
Current edition approved June 15, 2013April 1, 2018. Published July 2013April 2018. Originally approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 20112013 as
D3231 – 11.D3231 – 13. DOI: 10.1520/D3231-13.10.1520/D3231-18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3231 − 18
NOTE 1—If the temperature of the hot water bath drops below 82.2°C (180°F),82.2 °C (180 °F), the color development cannot be complete.
5.3 Cooling Bath, equipped to hold several 100-mL100 mL volumetric flasks submerged to the mark in ice water.
5.4 Filter Paper, for quantitative analysis, Class G for fine precipitates as defined in Specification E832.
5.5 Ignition Dish—Coors porcelain evaporating dish, glazed inside and outside, with pourout (Size No. 00A, diameter 75 mm,
capacity 70 mL).75 mm, capacity 70 mL).
5.6 Spectrophotometer, equip
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D3231 − 18
Standard Test Method for
1
Phosphorus in Gasoline
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3231; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* E832 Specification for Laboratory Filter Papers
1.1 This test method covers the determination of phospho-
3. Summary of Test Method
rus generally present as pentavalent phosphate esters or salts,
3.1 Organic matter in the sample is decomposed by ignition
or both, in gasoline. This test method is applicable for the
determination of phosphorus in the range from 0.2 mg to 40 mg in the presence of zinc oxide. The residue is dissolved in
sulfuric acid and reacted with ammonium molybdate and
P/L or 0.0008 g to 0.15 g P/U.S. gal.
hydrazine sulfate. The absorbance of the Molybdenum Blue
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
complex is proportional to the phosphorus concentration in the
standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are
sample and is read at approximately 820 nm in a 5 cm cell.
provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4. Significance and Use
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.1 Phosphorus in gasoline will damage catalytic convertors
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
used in automotive emission control systems, and its level
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
therefore is kept low.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
For specific warning statements, see Section 6 and 9.5.
5. Apparatus
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
5.1 Buret, 10 mL capacity, 0.05 mL subdivisions.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
5.2 Constant-Temperature Bath, equipped to hold several
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
100 mL volumetric flasks submerged to the mark. Bath must
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
have a large enough reservoir or heat capacity to keep the
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
temperature at 82.2 °C to 87.8 °C (180 °F to 190 °F) during the
entire period of sample heating.
2. Referenced Documents
NOTE 1—If the temperature of the hot water bath drops below 82.2 °C
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
(180 °F), the color development cannot be complete.
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
5.3 Cooling Bath, equipped to hold several 100 mL volu-
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
metric flasks submerged to the mark in ice water.
Petroleum Products
5.4 Filter Paper, for quantitative analysis, Class G for fine
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
precipitates as defined in Specification E832.
Petroleum Products
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
5.5 Ignition Dish—Coors porcelain evaporating dish, glazed
and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
inside and outside, with pourout (Size No. 00A, diameter
Measurement System Performance
75 mm, capacity 70 mL).
5.6 Spectrophotometer, equipped with a tungsten lamp, a
1 red-sensitive phototube capable of operating at 830 nm and
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of with absorption cells that have a 5 cm light path.
Subcommittee D02.03 on Elemental Analysis.
5.7 Thermometer, ASTM 34C or 34F, range from 25 °C to
Current edition approved April 1, 2018. Published April 2018. Originally
approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D3231 – 13. DOI: 105 °C (77 °F to 221 °F).
10.1520/D3231-18.
2
NOTE 2—Other temperature measuring devices, such as thermocouples
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
or resistance thermometers, may be used when the temperature readings
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
obtained by these devices are determined to produce the same results that
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. are obtained when mercury-in-glass thermometers are used. The precision
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ---------------------
...
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